tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-76743374718129452302024-03-18T23:01:42.497-04:00Jungle FrolicsRichard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.comBlogger28125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-36100539260331397732022-12-05T09:40:00.000-05:002022-12-05T09:40:09.482-05:00The Night Before Frostmas<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUreiAIR4dMZPT6pAhtl-0rYHH9dKqlSJOFjNN7OuWwr7k4NzIZHbVpwdYsw1QvI1rSwLVr74jBP0MhoE_ZJEGjMGrzo9PTkZf8NC8Q-SwbPboZE3BecO59Pxng7L0RcFP-zRYSWM3CP1N2CRkWgYuWt-0v4u_K9d-MCU8dJ2953yrkrwkQkgekQTH3w/s1278/may%20krampus%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1278" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUreiAIR4dMZPT6pAhtl-0rYHH9dKqlSJOFjNN7OuWwr7k4NzIZHbVpwdYsw1QvI1rSwLVr74jBP0MhoE_ZJEGjMGrzo9PTkZf8NC8Q-SwbPboZE3BecO59Pxng7L0RcFP-zRYSWM3CP1N2CRkWgYuWt-0v4u_K9d-MCU8dJ2953yrkrwkQkgekQTH3w/w344-h400/may%20krampus%202.jpg" width="344" /></a></div><p></p><p>This blog is still alive, even though there hasn't been a post in two years. And to prove it's been alive the past two years, I'm posting this two-year-old comic, just in time for the Christmas season. It features May the Hyperborean, a little barbarian girl, in "The Night Before Frostmas". (Frostmas, as everyone knows, is the first day of winter.)<br /><br />May first appeared in a prose tale, "Nightmare in Metal", in 1990, followed by her first comic book appearance in PLOGG #1 (August 1994), a small press publication. She next appeared in a pirate tale, "The Gruesome", in 2011, followed by another comic book adventure, "The Pied-Pirate of Hallowe'en", in PLOGG #6 (2015).<br /><br />May's travels have taken her (and her dog, Digger) from the northern country of Hyperborea, to towns that exist in various historical eras, simply because they do. "The Pied-Pirate" has a 1940s setting, and her next comic adventure, "The Night Before Frostmas", is set in the Victorian era. I'm currently working on her next comic, in which she's hired to star in a thrilling silent film serial in the late 1910s, and in which she also battles a villainous hunchback who brings gargoyles to life.<br /><br />I'm also working on a new post for Jungle Frolics, but it'll no doubt be a few more months before it's completed. In the meantime, I hope this Christmas tale is better than a lump of coal in your stocking.</p><p> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtHHKvmkGHMcMhnF3BMkX-mqVDY66CPYLEC2LXVSadRO028PYdkiMyqbm3T9BXml6yNrECejGQ-7Kdxijg0Ea3eR2mzjSJiAPyj5pvrkPeUuJ3m88OpTNksvubGU-J2ZVa0ZGpziWlOXgSzK5PmwOxX46jMhtZQWZXXrDh7UdOmN4JCkau3uNp0ioSHg/s1414/nbf%201.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtHHKvmkGHMcMhnF3BMkX-mqVDY66CPYLEC2LXVSadRO028PYdkiMyqbm3T9BXml6yNrECejGQ-7Kdxijg0Ea3eR2mzjSJiAPyj5pvrkPeUuJ3m88OpTNksvubGU-J2ZVa0ZGpziWlOXgSzK5PmwOxX46jMhtZQWZXXrDh7UdOmN4JCkau3uNp0ioSHg/w311-h400/nbf%201.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Night Before Frostmas pg1</span></i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAb9TFULfBpfrdLiCmGwfwqtzBNboDcjt3uC1PRQgEFkvkxgiQeReXR5YXfIp9vzbNcABPC79s3UFnKX7y8Jmm9wa-dtbPghfNx7_kmpzva4rf4m12V8uphUiaeS7J2dUP0L5bRIlEZTIXaaVNEmgeHmPyNzgOanU7mumFtTIgIKvTOwmSbH2WVIFGbw/s1414/nbf%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAb9TFULfBpfrdLiCmGwfwqtzBNboDcjt3uC1PRQgEFkvkxgiQeReXR5YXfIp9vzbNcABPC79s3UFnKX7y8Jmm9wa-dtbPghfNx7_kmpzva4rf4m12V8uphUiaeS7J2dUP0L5bRIlEZTIXaaVNEmgeHmPyNzgOanU7mumFtTIgIKvTOwmSbH2WVIFGbw/w311-h400/nbf%202.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Night Before Frostmas pg2</span><br /></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEZfLeNIZ8VBVYFPY67VcLKbaoQ672pB6xKV1fIL0Jy2im6mS5LHU7EL0N3RHv5N6CDpZrwtpMlU8csNaASpcwKPtmhcQFrt7C8HzOVxvk0eBCBt7jmQmE0mb9OKBXCd9vb-qXSLuVSQXSGe9R76ZmMUukLCbZKZ9Bn1XgZ0EIiJnXDWH0z0zXfxfKDw/s1410/nbf%203.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1410" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEZfLeNIZ8VBVYFPY67VcLKbaoQ672pB6xKV1fIL0Jy2im6mS5LHU7EL0N3RHv5N6CDpZrwtpMlU8csNaASpcwKPtmhcQFrt7C8HzOVxvk0eBCBt7jmQmE0mb9OKBXCd9vb-qXSLuVSQXSGe9R76ZmMUukLCbZKZ9Bn1XgZ0EIiJnXDWH0z0zXfxfKDw/w313-h400/nbf%203.jpg" width="313" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg3</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd3jGMKOEMSPjN90cHcqs1CWR0uNL-98vu6hEh9x_0vBXqk82aCDF1DLNg9mkoNK-rgBUzPkqXL0V2xfnQZlBHZinWZ6CC_lVNIUtap1GkLza-FvsNmfHYqqo9_TDqw5VMQ69zSOGtzvxXlEwCRacZdQml9e9azBWR2gJ62fo1nEPo2dvSCgNxy29WdA/s1414/nbf%204.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd3jGMKOEMSPjN90cHcqs1CWR0uNL-98vu6hEh9x_0vBXqk82aCDF1DLNg9mkoNK-rgBUzPkqXL0V2xfnQZlBHZinWZ6CC_lVNIUtap1GkLza-FvsNmfHYqqo9_TDqw5VMQ69zSOGtzvxXlEwCRacZdQml9e9azBWR2gJ62fo1nEPo2dvSCgNxy29WdA/w311-h400/nbf%204.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg4</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA9qpM595z15U8woOCjKR4AQ4IS4uDMsVNaG5Sjuv7K-_we2IImCZVb-zx1H3Clcu5SilnRSSnDohDWvw38l2lctn-r6c9hw6h1mKLTnEXi2bqb9lFfIk-MHXpuezIdeILHw75XH0knWGYoF4LtMxauTfMA9hsGaA1oMMLJY1Hidzhsbx2WPlph5ZCbA/s1414/nbf%205.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA9qpM595z15U8woOCjKR4AQ4IS4uDMsVNaG5Sjuv7K-_we2IImCZVb-zx1H3Clcu5SilnRSSnDohDWvw38l2lctn-r6c9hw6h1mKLTnEXi2bqb9lFfIk-MHXpuezIdeILHw75XH0knWGYoF4LtMxauTfMA9hsGaA1oMMLJY1Hidzhsbx2WPlph5ZCbA/w311-h400/nbf%205.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg5</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWzavFu_wEeMcNomyN-yPqz5vwfRodq2ro4vmPlSk-RhAfNuGXop8WxTlcPQCoytBiGOLTIlYBGHMmjFgTYfRbvmoBlcAgam37XxBC73zFEFhf7xDpbjMb6twDh69eJ_0djNTXh7A7tcPIXwVdWanGGRBw1Pp6DCR94XdLJ4b7FQ_GpVyEBRyNqklhDA/s1414/nbf%206.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWzavFu_wEeMcNomyN-yPqz5vwfRodq2ro4vmPlSk-RhAfNuGXop8WxTlcPQCoytBiGOLTIlYBGHMmjFgTYfRbvmoBlcAgam37XxBC73zFEFhf7xDpbjMb6twDh69eJ_0djNTXh7A7tcPIXwVdWanGGRBw1Pp6DCR94XdLJ4b7FQ_GpVyEBRyNqklhDA/w311-h400/nbf%206.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg6</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg27CnjIrDE4co3OzNuikzaiVnCQdKBzt5by3EV1DLvJ-f_3g3m8JBgpkkJ6XmC5GMj81IMvHDctJ4n2BZx3ALM93_gTeli2BaLg_HhjER4Ij0uprOoqcoYaRpdKAdDAMweCjIhQNm6Dq6EibG0gYbJxj3wdM-n7qqIy9t9tAQuvGq5gRBeIhuBsem-tQ/s1414/nbf%207.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg27CnjIrDE4co3OzNuikzaiVnCQdKBzt5by3EV1DLvJ-f_3g3m8JBgpkkJ6XmC5GMj81IMvHDctJ4n2BZx3ALM93_gTeli2BaLg_HhjER4Ij0uprOoqcoYaRpdKAdDAMweCjIhQNm6Dq6EibG0gYbJxj3wdM-n7qqIy9t9tAQuvGq5gRBeIhuBsem-tQ/w311-h400/nbf%207.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg7</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhMrQp5ngZAW2s46l2Uj5xussF18YLXKmpPbPI-BdQXzqIkqsxCkWK7F3voc6J8AaN8_8OcVyZKsDuQ4CWM_8XcDPo17StyX4k3eZnKF7Spj-dDSplAopHUDbJUDr7rotkQXtk2kmrqw33w5CSDFbtzODxRtegGJKYt-cBhs6gxvOSucNmE0xP-Aeu5g/s1414/nbf%208.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhMrQp5ngZAW2s46l2Uj5xussF18YLXKmpPbPI-BdQXzqIkqsxCkWK7F3voc6J8AaN8_8OcVyZKsDuQ4CWM_8XcDPo17StyX4k3eZnKF7Spj-dDSplAopHUDbJUDr7rotkQXtk2kmrqw33w5CSDFbtzODxRtegGJKYt-cBhs6gxvOSucNmE0xP-Aeu5g/w311-h400/nbf%208.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg8</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4trAQOAqibaXxgqTjJ0ZXl1yYMD-X6OtQ_XO23cKXdsDZXky0GxtNRS3V297clRrLyt9loEawWycOvewVSmiBsr2jz9I4rm8sKoxIKGba-9buKb0wfzoB3z19CFKnR7YDvTiq7mO6-dEz5V3uUnsvD2jVJ00bcs8aymbbmrY5zEP-saDTNurAWkRCcw/s1414/nbf%209.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4trAQOAqibaXxgqTjJ0ZXl1yYMD-X6OtQ_XO23cKXdsDZXky0GxtNRS3V297clRrLyt9loEawWycOvewVSmiBsr2jz9I4rm8sKoxIKGba-9buKb0wfzoB3z19CFKnR7YDvTiq7mO6-dEz5V3uUnsvD2jVJ00bcs8aymbbmrY5zEP-saDTNurAWkRCcw/w311-h400/nbf%209.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg9</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh3KO7pw51Sh0nWbdoGfVZMBplDUghHjFRDNFFVK8GLubN9KQigizIEL90AktxQn1_0fPEzyTYRFd7iKSWMOX9DsXvm0ULgHcUDmZgq9VHCK6SE9ILlPwjhuDfheShol9H_IUISGL9NWzRUppALlIgoyAqvBiru4cRZdxGb4z4LA8ButQejEIdkpx4Vg/s1414/nbf%2010.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh3KO7pw51Sh0nWbdoGfVZMBplDUghHjFRDNFFVK8GLubN9KQigizIEL90AktxQn1_0fPEzyTYRFd7iKSWMOX9DsXvm0ULgHcUDmZgq9VHCK6SE9ILlPwjhuDfheShol9H_IUISGL9NWzRUppALlIgoyAqvBiru4cRZdxGb4z4LA8ButQejEIdkpx4Vg/w311-h400/nbf%2010.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg10</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmz6kkFDF5YLZRjzEO6A98Wb9-iVxzBDIthMt9oBdsmRCI5QhG2V4R9AFbVPRBxDKi5NhSpA9tkw3M2LiwdAtAAiOmuBI8SwIpvsECuYJkUdxIIQZBXZIJJ4CJed3qUFjcCLo9lXmp1ctuwghCheTyTskmefqZrjQ5CLDUX4EDepaBQ8-JseMrVU753w/s1414/nbf%2011.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmz6kkFDF5YLZRjzEO6A98Wb9-iVxzBDIthMt9oBdsmRCI5QhG2V4R9AFbVPRBxDKi5NhSpA9tkw3M2LiwdAtAAiOmuBI8SwIpvsECuYJkUdxIIQZBXZIJJ4CJed3qUFjcCLo9lXmp1ctuwghCheTyTskmefqZrjQ5CLDUX4EDepaBQ8-JseMrVU753w/w311-h400/nbf%2011.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg11</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGaoouO2kFMQ6zk0Iif3vgkPnGz3Tuhc-oqSJq1nWhx8-01NdupKZ4AGoWTuaeBxY3dWRzUpK-z_ykI915th50dcnX9d5QjFILKMtslBMXZwJDm5Dtukti1LhziCbapphybeclSwlkTu09ems0fUZ3vnVWLcXPWDtwjJ0hhxG7LLzp88dh2SPdJo_akg/s1414/nbf%2012.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGaoouO2kFMQ6zk0Iif3vgkPnGz3Tuhc-oqSJq1nWhx8-01NdupKZ4AGoWTuaeBxY3dWRzUpK-z_ykI915th50dcnX9d5QjFILKMtslBMXZwJDm5Dtukti1LhziCbapphybeclSwlkTu09ems0fUZ3vnVWLcXPWDtwjJ0hhxG7LLzp88dh2SPdJo_akg/w311-h400/nbf%2012.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg12</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinuQe5kwpnXjypNU9Gr-yJbctujdZJWGmR7IGc0DyMqGQaidL4282iBVTvWxVLKyTHOToc7k1RpTMOBR-CzpbnpdUou2izAwgJ1JnrbcAM92wrBgFR_B7sJqPNZvx-3meoGqstqURvUsB2ykwmMBtkXsSxiTMrAAjPE3uPPJ5U9cfn7dzCERMX3Oeg5w/s1414/nbf%2013.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinuQe5kwpnXjypNU9Gr-yJbctujdZJWGmR7IGc0DyMqGQaidL4282iBVTvWxVLKyTHOToc7k1RpTMOBR-CzpbnpdUou2izAwgJ1JnrbcAM92wrBgFR_B7sJqPNZvx-3meoGqstqURvUsB2ykwmMBtkXsSxiTMrAAjPE3uPPJ5U9cfn7dzCERMX3Oeg5w/w311-h400/nbf%2013.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg13</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6pjkvD5aGZ0BXobPO8EEHlf1jmlosc04I9qIUoiz7ko6zgx-TG-qtI5R0hwtqppVRNN-serI4da77pxrSsAAntPlCVRr_E_kEe8QBkD7jcwtUteTEDvY2JLc_EkpGoTxt3Qk1zizHx3C8pf8yMWFCTGpZ597wwyKlf_Hx1cqq21edT3BU3_f8WCa9Gg/s1414/nbf%2014.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6pjkvD5aGZ0BXobPO8EEHlf1jmlosc04I9qIUoiz7ko6zgx-TG-qtI5R0hwtqppVRNN-serI4da77pxrSsAAntPlCVRr_E_kEe8QBkD7jcwtUteTEDvY2JLc_EkpGoTxt3Qk1zizHx3C8pf8yMWFCTGpZ597wwyKlf_Hx1cqq21edT3BU3_f8WCa9Gg/w311-h400/nbf%2014.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg14</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqjxhP9mK4LyM1cTDOI4DPEqx0YuBJAd9rbD9JABwLkL0JwrpLJzt3B4uRzrjWnrvWya-WCj5taP1RbNAwE3aJnuakyZxfFWTAsemPe2VnSea1gpBW46rtz7SGHY38Q8zCqHrKV0ga-nOafv_LUesA1i4G1D1AYtYeAzOdyZNMYwdQQkom_yevJerTUA/s1414/nbf%2015.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqjxhP9mK4LyM1cTDOI4DPEqx0YuBJAd9rbD9JABwLkL0JwrpLJzt3B4uRzrjWnrvWya-WCj5taP1RbNAwE3aJnuakyZxfFWTAsemPe2VnSea1gpBW46rtz7SGHY38Q8zCqHrKV0ga-nOafv_LUesA1i4G1D1AYtYeAzOdyZNMYwdQQkom_yevJerTUA/w311-h400/nbf%2015.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg15</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLUzIES8ZGVuMNR5mnkh1GpA6bk7ogJD7bqYW5wSKuO2jZhoUOXkzTDdKEvthvom_nVtbJOUQw3cBFEpo5UQEqTlT01-KUlfILx-pfAAgFzZ7AXBhTdCwh4V8TQq8kfBgrM4gvGSU8N31Eqz1nC_3zKBr0e8xeBYr4_VTvUGSMcMb9EyohPy2Nf68DIQ/s1414/nbf%2016.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLUzIES8ZGVuMNR5mnkh1GpA6bk7ogJD7bqYW5wSKuO2jZhoUOXkzTDdKEvthvom_nVtbJOUQw3cBFEpo5UQEqTlT01-KUlfILx-pfAAgFzZ7AXBhTdCwh4V8TQq8kfBgrM4gvGSU8N31Eqz1nC_3zKBr0e8xeBYr4_VTvUGSMcMb9EyohPy2Nf68DIQ/w311-h400/nbf%2016.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg16</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqQmx3MwhNVToi_ie_7LAiMz7R3GFmrPE6h97x6lo31PfawlrC2dPJlf-V0ZKeQKrPIHuq3WoRsxprVDhv39-Fzm6zYCRil1Sx4ttnOEkxeaOL3AIvJ4kF8q7scAS7iOjB6e1c7gzI3JVdDzGehz03ddRqQNmwP4Tgdn82fDFdwVDLQLnNN88woxifdA/s1414/nbf%2017.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqQmx3MwhNVToi_ie_7LAiMz7R3GFmrPE6h97x6lo31PfawlrC2dPJlf-V0ZKeQKrPIHuq3WoRsxprVDhv39-Fzm6zYCRil1Sx4ttnOEkxeaOL3AIvJ4kF8q7scAS7iOjB6e1c7gzI3JVdDzGehz03ddRqQNmwP4Tgdn82fDFdwVDLQLnNN88woxifdA/w311-h400/nbf%2017.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg17</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzDUf4mSt1gLw8jmmvsC1jz0DK_SkBIyS2Et68vnrCNx_iasfDK5TZMrnX3Mnjh_A6nTRRJHdBTsW37zyapAwmU00yExR4ss1u3prcH05dksMl_tfsvK3aoIk5hOVacMIsMDqYwXj_2AKVmgPgsu_QLDbI_vwTYNyk0pfsTb9XvzExgrWm20jk6IyTtQ/s1414/nbf%2018.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzDUf4mSt1gLw8jmmvsC1jz0DK_SkBIyS2Et68vnrCNx_iasfDK5TZMrnX3Mnjh_A6nTRRJHdBTsW37zyapAwmU00yExR4ss1u3prcH05dksMl_tfsvK3aoIk5hOVacMIsMDqYwXj_2AKVmgPgsu_QLDbI_vwTYNyk0pfsTb9XvzExgrWm20jk6IyTtQ/w311-h400/nbf%2018.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg18</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsQSx_7ysqptyFnnzNYJxrhTTzi7NkU3GM0GvJ6SodlxYH-yKibZixmb9noYA8hroPVTASv_QVSZSF0qMo-bjURfKDwbX4jTh8qt9bKYCB6FHuonDEbw1tSJSvj7gZrVmRkLGI-_AmoR4uxu0vl4X4bFyzmosSWPnPCatMGEFvDoVlZpQty9v0291YQQ/s1414/nbf%2019.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsQSx_7ysqptyFnnzNYJxrhTTzi7NkU3GM0GvJ6SodlxYH-yKibZixmb9noYA8hroPVTASv_QVSZSF0qMo-bjURfKDwbX4jTh8qt9bKYCB6FHuonDEbw1tSJSvj7gZrVmRkLGI-_AmoR4uxu0vl4X4bFyzmosSWPnPCatMGEFvDoVlZpQty9v0291YQQ/w311-h400/nbf%2019.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg19</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeayV1vAEQekMzJdxiI_PTYFy2ge17S0lI96e1-gZZfctbmTtOWF8BAkpezZmf44lFd3wyk5vZN-zXfV3zbP2ZNOPME--3PIwRmEMDoCFuCA4ZQUM3lgDgEn3jNndE2ZzROn3-kqif0NxEb4mchkxBPsJRkoFqZ8U7mE2E6nEDioV2bFzVPWaiu-OvRw/s1414/nbf%2020.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeayV1vAEQekMzJdxiI_PTYFy2ge17S0lI96e1-gZZfctbmTtOWF8BAkpezZmf44lFd3wyk5vZN-zXfV3zbP2ZNOPME--3PIwRmEMDoCFuCA4ZQUM3lgDgEn3jNndE2ZzROn3-kqif0NxEb4mchkxBPsJRkoFqZ8U7mE2E6nEDioV2bFzVPWaiu-OvRw/w311-h400/nbf%2020.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg20</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu0FP09jNmXHxJsyFgf9WUX_X8Rgwkw4dTW4Ou1OpfDl4zIvjQAke-X8OXT--8sbNBDtXFBIYWA7jhKClaU0cauUSE25hsAv-1jhZnfWco_l_VzKD_fAXQ4Mc_nw5kGtk9dQBWAGdQ7aA3EcdQyaXeYCHhPkre0Ps_5GFEKQ_gAufedWvujP0zBPQSCA/s1414/nbf%2021.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu0FP09jNmXHxJsyFgf9WUX_X8Rgwkw4dTW4Ou1OpfDl4zIvjQAke-X8OXT--8sbNBDtXFBIYWA7jhKClaU0cauUSE25hsAv-1jhZnfWco_l_VzKD_fAXQ4Mc_nw5kGtk9dQBWAGdQ7aA3EcdQyaXeYCHhPkre0Ps_5GFEKQ_gAufedWvujP0zBPQSCA/w311-h400/nbf%2021.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg21</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsLjXjv_qm96Vg5crr4QL2zlrPETn-iHed1qYS26KIAM59dEbUS-R5DY7UUe5-GQR5CIjhLlgIZv_J5ddBB-2evW63xcAbbvqo9j-OAMt2ZsnbGT5nOyr9jki-OfPlmuZL646o4hW5zIQhj9Zimo_FLjZOEiis3-GjjBpDdhYCZMW0LH2yyfNK5JLe2g/s1414/nbf%2022.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsLjXjv_qm96Vg5crr4QL2zlrPETn-iHed1qYS26KIAM59dEbUS-R5DY7UUe5-GQR5CIjhLlgIZv_J5ddBB-2evW63xcAbbvqo9j-OAMt2ZsnbGT5nOyr9jki-OfPlmuZL646o4hW5zIQhj9Zimo_FLjZOEiis3-GjjBpDdhYCZMW0LH2yyfNK5JLe2g/w311-h400/nbf%2022.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg22</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWz2KTXlGw-PRHWTVLj6u4hmdutczJ3pBrBwhxyTTgMAjVGBSHX4gfmLWP3HwyMQQKPHVyFavw173cVBeNI3ytxPuO7VW_P1mFFV6p-X0xHTsLT2XSz0p245Td7_Bjt3yd7-UW2XeRI9cTEVIKzpGk0V4bVD60_m6dGvbHCej14pnDqKRkEkzmItyUzQ/s1414/nbf%2023.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWz2KTXlGw-PRHWTVLj6u4hmdutczJ3pBrBwhxyTTgMAjVGBSHX4gfmLWP3HwyMQQKPHVyFavw173cVBeNI3ytxPuO7VW_P1mFFV6p-X0xHTsLT2XSz0p245Td7_Bjt3yd7-UW2XeRI9cTEVIKzpGk0V4bVD60_m6dGvbHCej14pnDqKRkEkzmItyUzQ/w311-h400/nbf%2023.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg23</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU_h5-HSx89Mfz8DXB53XXRffATQHSnwkHqBvQXncIfW0YDDxCdBO32dh-IJzK57sAn2_rV10fKND1XZ2TvUJOG4PWYlGTxh_ko-SMl9YVnKKQyzRJMRmGjPw-Kdo8F2DiXIGUO2sKzA2hQPL-DAv9ykm04lKpyZIcJTzn7u0TN9UMVDL4srJxvWiSQQ/s1414/nbf%2024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU_h5-HSx89Mfz8DXB53XXRffATQHSnwkHqBvQXncIfW0YDDxCdBO32dh-IJzK57sAn2_rV10fKND1XZ2TvUJOG4PWYlGTxh_ko-SMl9YVnKKQyzRJMRmGjPw-Kdo8F2DiXIGUO2sKzA2hQPL-DAv9ykm04lKpyZIcJTzn7u0TN9UMVDL4srJxvWiSQQ/w311-h400/nbf%2024.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Night Before Frostmas pg24</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br />Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-17122636218216226882020-12-24T15:18:00.012-05:002022-12-18T22:19:48.536-05:00Jane and Katherine Lee, the Baby Grands<p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHAQTvOQc4favp-utVND-aK36i4pordMGue5VzPddO3BlZrSpzogUFFuKz2WuiaatycxklWEjB6P32ZIu68wh1YncZGiSBVKAo5oqJ_DkJbT3K8wKAnRJRgJ1b2I1y29nlsFWlxnpB5V2k/s1534/motion+picture+magazine+aug+1917+mud+pies.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1534" data-original-width="1335" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHAQTvOQc4favp-utVND-aK36i4pordMGue5VzPddO3BlZrSpzogUFFuKz2WuiaatycxklWEjB6P32ZIu68wh1YncZGiSBVKAo5oqJ_DkJbT3K8wKAnRJRgJ1b2I1y29nlsFWlxnpB5V2k/w348-h400/motion+picture+magazine+aug+1917+mud+pies.jpg" width="348" /></a></div><p><br /><br />Today, Jane and Katherine Lee, the Katzenjammer Kids of early cinema, are almost completely forgotten, but these two little New York girls were easily the most popular child stars of the 1910s. They were in great demand. Together or separately, they appeared in dozens of movies, if only as supporting players. Their childish pranks and disastrous misbehaviour onscreen drew theatregoers to films they might otherwise have avoided. Critics praised their performances. Exhibitors demanded more. They were stealing the show. There was only one thing to do: give them their own starring vehicles. Between 1917 and 1919 William Fox featured the girls in eight comedies, and they were known as the <i>Baby Grands</i>. In 1919 the Lee sisters were voted the 7th biggest box-office attraction of the previous year in an annual exhibitors' poll. After their contract with Fox expired the girls formed their own company, and shot two more films in 1919, both 2-reelers. These would be their last. Something went wrong.<br /><br />In 1900, Brooklyn residents Charles Hoey and Harry Levy formed a vaudeville comic duo. The order of their names was interchangeable at first, but eventually "Hoey and Lee" was established, and though their act wasn't exactly original, they enjoyed above average success, often billed as "Hebrew comedians". Using heavy makeup, they caricatured New York's Lower East Side Jews through humorous dialogue and parodies of well-known songs.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0S1nJ3L1D8NJrKyhX3cOOu5JvhrAUC8htV5frsD2s1Z7VK0SWJ-Y43pd5mpBiEOo6o4-5aiVBtMWtKjfonghu8VGhY-MLLU0-5U1v6kqyOtS9ct-bRi2e6yMvW8JBQ5k6sjg6rIdHSBMJ/s716/newark+evening+star+march+12%252C+1910.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="716" data-original-width="697" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0S1nJ3L1D8NJrKyhX3cOOu5JvhrAUC8htV5frsD2s1Z7VK0SWJ-Y43pd5mpBiEOo6o4-5aiVBtMWtKjfonghu8VGhY-MLLU0-5U1v6kqyOtS9ct-bRi2e6yMvW8JBQ5k6sjg6rIdHSBMJ/w390-h400/newark+evening+star+march+12%252C+1910.jpg" width="390" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Charles Hoey (left) and Harry Lee</span></i><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p> </p><p>In 1903, Harry Levy married an Irish lass named Irene Kinaird, who was just beginning a career in vaudeville as a singer and dancer, sometimes known as "the Manhattan girl". Like Harry, Irene assumed the name "Lee", and after an inauspicious start, she garnered some attention in January of 1906 with her new act as a male impersonator. She stepped onto the stage in "customary garments worn by her sex", and then made a couple of rapid changes into men's clothes, while singing, dancing and reciting dialogue. The diminutive young lady concluded the act as a natty boy, and was praised for her convincing appearance, though a common complaint was her poorly made wig; otherwise, the attire she chose was an investment, too expensive for the average man. She was nervous, suffered from stage fright, and sang with an "uncertain vibrato" in her voice, but was rising through the ranks of the vaudeville stage. Irene wrote her own material, and had the songs copyrighted. Billed as "the girl in trousers", she often toured with Hoey and Lee, as well as W.C. Fields, the comedic juggler, already a veteran of the stage, and newcomer Will Rogers, who performed rope tricks.<br /></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnpuHVpGx0j41AGJZ75lcogCv6lU9JGXHoyUm1UrwQ03nJxOh38UTzB3lxZ8qdEprEtGMxVUbW0g-KKLv7aNm1g10oS60PnqlWM1RLbayFa4fuM7BOiSQ9Hy7oYe0xHHKgcmMzCdI50ATH/s856/irene+lee+1906.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="411" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnpuHVpGx0j41AGJZ75lcogCv6lU9JGXHoyUm1UrwQ03nJxOh38UTzB3lxZ8qdEprEtGMxVUbW0g-KKLv7aNm1g10oS60PnqlWM1RLbayFa4fuM7BOiSQ9Hy7oYe0xHHKgcmMzCdI50ATH/w193-h400/irene+lee+1906.jpg" width="193" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"The girl in trousers", 1906</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <p></p><p>A few months later she added two boys to the act, and christened them her "Candy Kids"; the spelling was changed to "Kandy Kids" later in the year, but typesetters could never seem to get it right. One of the boys was Sammy Lee, Harry's younger brother, who was just turning 16. Samuel Levy started his career early, only 8-years-old, performing on street corners in the Lower East Side of Manhattan. Confident in his abilities, he answered an ad by Gus Edwards calling for boys who could sing and dance. He performed in Edwards' juvenile acts for a few years, ending with a brief stint in 1906 in the revue, "Postal Telegraph Boys", which also included a kid named Julius Marx. The eight boys were paid $15 a week when performing in New York, and $18 on the road. Sammy quit for a more lucrative job with his sister-in-law.<br /><br />Sammy was an exceptionally talented soft-shoe dancer and raised Irene's act to a new level. The boys came and went: Sam Weston, who left for Leo Woods' comedic revue, "Boys Wanted", in August 1907, as well as Earl Nickel and Harry Evans, with Sammy being the only consistent member. They made their first tour overseas, opening at the Palace Theatre in London on May 6, 1907.<br /><br />When it was announced late in 1906 that Irene Lee and her Kandy Boys would be going overseas in May, Harry made plans to follow her in June while on a six week vacation. Hoey and Lee had offers to appear overseas on a number of occasions, but Hoey always declined, his aversion to water being a possible reason. The duo announced that they would be breaking up, and would play their last date in April 1907: "Both the partners stated that they did not desire to make public the causes of the separation." The cause may very well have been Irene. Vaudeville tours could be notoriously lengthy, and if Irene was going overseas, she and Harry might be separated for half a year.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit98roqf7cvfCjkP94JkZD-Xdm3nrRDNBnx38lPxi5qE5xsNrSqMn-adrmKUC9LDDKlPFk3nz9wnjYkezSeB4sGko9-TXSaivYZcSdwxq79Mn3qhfKAUhgukPkT8EVmCdeId6mr43oPrsW/s863/hoey+and+lee+songbook+ad+1911.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="863" data-original-width="667" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit98roqf7cvfCjkP94JkZD-Xdm3nrRDNBnx38lPxi5qE5xsNrSqMn-adrmKUC9LDDKlPFk3nz9wnjYkezSeB4sGko9-TXSaivYZcSdwxq79Mn3qhfKAUhgukPkT8EVmCdeId6mr43oPrsW/w309-h400/hoey+and+lee+songbook+ad+1911.jpg" width="309" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad for the Hoey and Lee song book, 1911; Hoey (upper left) was the sole writer of their songs</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />But Irene and the boys returned to the States later that month. She found herself using a variation on her maiden name for a week, when they played the Lyceum Theatre in Rochester, New York. It seems there were too many Lees on the bill: Irene, Harry, and an impersonator named Henry Lee, so Harry was billed as "Harry Love", and Irene as "Irene Kainard", a variation on her own name. Irene and the boys had a new act, titled "A Scene in Holland", while Harry did a solo, "The Hebrew Street Car Conductor", in which he sang parodies and spoke of his experiences as a street car conductor, while dressed the part. Harry's act was successful, but he and Hoey reunited the following year.<br /><br />Irene did another tour overseas, which opened in Liverpool November 25, 1907, this time engaged for 30 weeks on the Moss-Stoll circuit. Oswald Stoll, manager of the London Coliseum, renamed the act "Irene Lee and her Candy Boys", which only added to the confusion over the spelling of their name when they eventually returned to the States, at which time Sammy Lee left the act.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSEdK_p20FAWA0s3BmeXxhcv9W6YD-TDRuBLrXjjd4r_1NktRpEtr4Jb7MlVvYsAlWW3cK-bPFyrFIIAawMO-7KeD6VTVOaVvo0R0LiSG_iNivc7idJROXbO8T8eaKGICQ2vYIUtHinYvn/s679/variety+nd+1909.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="679" data-original-width="335" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSEdK_p20FAWA0s3BmeXxhcv9W6YD-TDRuBLrXjjd4r_1NktRpEtr4Jb7MlVvYsAlWW3cK-bPFyrFIIAawMO-7KeD6VTVOaVvo0R0LiSG_iNivc7idJROXbO8T8eaKGICQ2vYIUtHinYvn/w198-h400/variety+nd+1909.jpg" width="198" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Irene Lee, 1909</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Something strange occurred in December 1908 while Irene Lee was again overseas. It was reported that she had "given up her 'Candy Kids' act on the other side, having left Liverpool suddenly, without providing for the two boys who were with her." It was irresponsible and callous, to renege on a contract and leave two kids to fend for themselves in a foreign land.<br /><br />On February 14, 1909, Irene's first child, Katherine, was born in Glasgow, Scotland. Irene had been abroad for the better part of two years, and would spend the better part of another two years in Europe, Australia and South Africa. (Her mother had died January 4, 1905, in Basutoland, now Lesotho, located within South Africa.) In April, Keifer and Klein were the new Kandy Kids, though that lineup quickly changed to Klein and Clifton. Irene gave birth to her only other child, Jane, who was born in Berlin February 15, 1912. By this time she was doing a solo act once again, and having all the attention on herself was probably not to her liking. She reformed the Kandy Kids, and continued performing well into 1913.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRi-CKNeBukcyr1iIKb5RA6B3mKHIyJ0hrOWq25YChVjxKmBXnRBeXV8zongRmo69fPRIr2SgwQeDZOGwba6PRr9cl9cGgKH1NUCZWwNwt1XnL3-mB3jt3EgyxiDJQi1h6KvY6qVXMNeKE/s512/moving+picture+world+jan+16%252C+1915+katherine+lee+article%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="340" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRi-CKNeBukcyr1iIKb5RA6B3mKHIyJ0hrOWq25YChVjxKmBXnRBeXV8zongRmo69fPRIr2SgwQeDZOGwba6PRr9cl9cGgKH1NUCZWwNwt1XnL3-mB3jt3EgyxiDJQi1h6KvY6qVXMNeKE/w265-h400/moving+picture+world+jan+16%252C+1915+katherine+lee+article%252C+pic.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine Lee<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Irene's life was a mess. Variety reported in the March 19, 1920 issue that "Harry Lee, formerly of Hoey and Lee, is the children's father. The parents were divorced some years ago, the mother taking Jane and Katherine at the time." On March 23, Irene wrote a rebuttal, which was published in the letters page of the following issue, March 26: "In a paragraph last week concerning the vaudeville debut of Jane and Katherine Lee, you said that their father was Harry Lee of Hoey and Lee, but he is not their father. After my divorce from Mr Lee, I married Thomas Banahan (of the Five Mowatts), who is the father of the children. I am also divorced from Mr Banahan. The error caused me to tell you the story of my life, but I am sure that under the circumstances you will not mind making the correction. I hope this does not give any one the impression that I am hard to get along with (as some moving picture directors claim)."</p><p>Irene spoke the truth when she said that she'd married Tommy Banahan, a juggler with a troupe called the Five Mowatts, another vaudeville fixture. But she wasn't telling the whole truth. An article in the October 29, 1910 issue of <i>Show World</i> stated "Irene Lee will probably get a divorce from Harry Lee, of Hoey & Lee, when the case is to be heard in the Chicago courts today." And in the October 14, 1911 issue of Variety, a related article appeared: "Word has been received here from Irene Lee, who went to England shortly after her divorce a few months ago from Harry Lee, of Hoey and Lee. Miss Lee is at New Castle-on-the-Tyne where she is recovering from a nervous breakdown."<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFK686WJE0B5FaL-4bh7Q0mWOkfuyxK9uYA7lz7E9XuzViY1VqLIhuhJv3i71K8dqwXVq7X-N30MwZ1YQ-2BIcGmaGlvm2oYYtcUp_96nIJYSgSXSAJlCUcpkAOLPeSEf1C6ufu5xfJSD8/s818/houston+daily+post+jan+9%252C+1910+irene+lee%252C+kandy+kids.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="818" data-original-width="348" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFK686WJE0B5FaL-4bh7Q0mWOkfuyxK9uYA7lz7E9XuzViY1VqLIhuhJv3i71K8dqwXVq7X-N30MwZ1YQ-2BIcGmaGlvm2oYYtcUp_96nIJYSgSXSAJlCUcpkAOLPeSEf1C6ufu5xfJSD8/w170-h400/houston+daily+post+jan+9%252C+1910+irene+lee%252C+kandy+kids.jpg" width="170" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Irene Lee, circa 1909</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Variety had reported in 1908 that Harry Lee would be sailing to England, "where his wife, Irene Lee, is now playing." Harry was in London on May 4, also on the Stoll tour, but left for the States within days to rejoin Hoey. It becomes painfully clear that Irene had been cheating on him with Tommy Banahan, and that she became pregnant sometime in May. Could marital problems caused by her infidelity and pregnancy have been the reason for her leaving the boys behind in Liverpool in December 1908? In any case, her marriage to Tommy Banahan was much later and didn't last long, and although she was legally Mrs Banahan, she kept the Lee name, having already established herself professionally under that moniker. It was a name she passed on to her two daughters.<br /><br />Irene's vaudeville career ended in 1913 just as her children's film careers were beginning. The Lees were Manhattanites, while the centre of America's motion picture industry was located in Fort Lee, New Jersey, a ferry-ride across the Hudson. Children who could follow direction and emote on screen were in demand, and the Lee kids were naturals at histrionics, being the offspring of stage parents.<br /><br />"Katherine is a much travelled young lady," said Irene in a 1922 interview. "She has crossed the Atlantic twice, and has been twice to the Coast. Of course, she was born in Glasgow, Scotland, and travelled about with me while I was dancing in different cities of Europe. Jane was born in Germany. She's a little Hamburger."<br /><br />Jane took umbrage at this remark: "Maybe I am. But when there was war, I dressed up in army uniform and helped Katherine sell $20,000 worth of Liberty Bonds, didn't I? And I took part in millions of entertainments for the soldiers, didn't I? Even if I am a Hamburger."<br /><br />During the war, Jane was quick to defend herself whenever anyone brought up her birthplace: "they couldn't keep me there anyhow." Referring to her and Katherine having bought Liberty Bonds, she quipped, "I was born in Hamburg, Germany, you know, and I bet that they will be mad in Hamburg when they find out what we've done."<br /><br />On the set of SWAT THE SPY, someone teasingly remarked that Jane was German. "I am not!" she retorted. "Well, anyway, my mother took me out the next minute and made me an American." By law, both Jane and Katherine were American citizens, since their father, Tommy Banahan, was an American citizen.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivQtjasZXfn4nhyAGnFPUUgFYQnDHo3XCYWwWa1NlYdAiV80eCL3ZWZ_36XH2P1yry6apgDgKn17lxqhTIlNwiHmsmZKAaagbSKNNT7ZYRucJerAznGoBpePdGp1frXNTHM7bhW0yvNjMC/s681/buffalo+evening+courier+sept+12%252C+1915+jane+cries+on+cue.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="681" data-original-width="381" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivQtjasZXfn4nhyAGnFPUUgFYQnDHo3XCYWwWa1NlYdAiV80eCL3ZWZ_36XH2P1yry6apgDgKn17lxqhTIlNwiHmsmZKAaagbSKNNT7ZYRucJerAznGoBpePdGp1frXNTHM7bhW0yvNjMC/w224-h400/buffalo+evening+courier+sept+12%252C+1915+jane+cries+on+cue.jpg" width="224" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane Lee<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Reports could never agree on the colour of Jane's eyes, which were described as either blue or green, and even green-grey. Katherine's were decidedly blue. One thing that did remain consistent was hair length: Katherine sported long auburn curls, while Jane's blonde hair was bobbed, an appearance that neither girl changed for two decades. Katherine explained years later: "You see, when bobbed hair became the style, both of us wanted our hair cut. But mother was a little dubious: she wasn't sure that bobbed hair would remain stylish, and, besides, she wasn't sure whether she would like it or not." Irene tried the experiment on one child, and left it at that.<br /><br />The Lee sisters began their film careers simultaneously, as supporting players. Jane took her first baby steps on screen, to the surprise of cast and crew. She was expected to crawl about the set in one scene, when suddenly she stood up and toddled towards the actress playing her mother, who rushed to pick her up, forgetting the script.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-zEoPcAmDlNwpaPpu23oW3trInWGM_jGn5MllpZs7B0DJwXnAfYXaB9bIFm7b3_ZEaklajEpnd3Ysx78Gib1gpWdLOZdpZtSNb2KIuayhZpSdraDHYag3F6REOkvu5MeiqMa2fNDWko2F/s1388/an+old+rag+doll+1914.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1388" data-original-width="1082" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-zEoPcAmDlNwpaPpu23oW3trInWGM_jGn5MllpZs7B0DJwXnAfYXaB9bIFm7b3_ZEaklajEpnd3Ysx78Gib1gpWdLOZdpZtSNb2KIuayhZpSdraDHYag3F6REOkvu5MeiqMa2fNDWko2F/w311-h400/an+old+rag+doll+1914.jpg" width="311" /></a></div><br /><p><br />One of their early efforts together was AN OLD RAG DOLL (1914) for Imp (Independent Moving Pictures Company), which in 1912 had merged with other film companies to form the Universal Film Manufacturing Company. The girls made appearances in pictures made by a number of studios, mostly Imp and Biograph, but Jane, being a toddler, wasn't in as much demand as Katherine, who was a remarkably prolific little actress. In December 1913 Katherine appeared in THE RETURN OF TONY (Imp), a one-reeler, and in 1914 appeared in DAN, starring blackface vaudevillian Lew Dockstader as the titular character, "an old negro servant", for the short-lived All-Star Feature Corporation; WHEN THE HEART CALLS, (Imp); SCALES OF JUSTICE (Famous Players); A GREAT MISTAKE (Renowned Players' Film Company, 5 reels); MERELY MOTHER (Biograph); THE TENTH COMMANDMENT (Imp, 3 reels); HEARTS OF GOLD (Biograph); TALE OF A LONESOME DOG (Victor, part of Universal); GATES OF PARADISE (Imp); and HOUSE OF SILENCE (Biograph). Jane appeared in REDEMPTION (Imp); HIS PRIOR CLAIM (Rex); and AS YE SOW for the World Film Corporation.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifig3UA9p6k3BNh-zh04cW4ZFVGfHxp6YBGJ1qKoBwDmRlEA9qa9NwiYsV74aHjndqAgZRCm8XO6vygfgwVExavkWKDFpYRTqh9U4IWtjxmHiBhE7Aw0KtOJJaZqAK5DiNDEvNyIkyAL8r/s620/motography+aug+8%252C+1914+scales+of+justice+article%252C+pics+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="620" height="329" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifig3UA9p6k3BNh-zh04cW4ZFVGfHxp6YBGJ1qKoBwDmRlEA9qa9NwiYsV74aHjndqAgZRCm8XO6vygfgwVExavkWKDFpYRTqh9U4IWtjxmHiBhE7Aw0KtOJJaZqAK5DiNDEvNyIkyAL8r/w400-h329/motography+aug+8%252C+1914+scales+of+justice+article%252C+pics+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine Lee in SCALES OF JUSTICE (1914)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Earlier that year Katherine also appeared in Universal's 7-reel blockbuster, NEPTUNE'S DAUGHTER, which starred Australian diver and swimmer Annette Kellerman. In this marine fantasy, Kellerman plays a mermaid named Annette, daughter of the sea-god, Neptune, and Katherine her little sister, Angela. Katherine is featured in the first quarter of the film, then her character is caught in a net by mortals and perishes. Annette swears revenge. The villain is played by Herbert Brenon, who also directed. Critics praised Katherine for her role, and it improved her profile greatly. Brenon was known for his excesses as a producer, and he went over his $40,000 budget for the film, which was shot in Bermuda. The company, twenty-nine in all, set sail from New York December 13, 1913.</p><p>Stunt persons were rarely employed in early film, and on February 3, 1914 Kellerman and Brenon were injured during a scene involving a water tank. Kellerman was fortunate to have escaped with minor wounds, but Brenon's were hideous! A water tank, 8 feet by 8 feet, was hauled to an island and filled with 8,000 gallons of water. Everyone involved in the production helped fill the bottom of the tank with rocks, moss and weeds so it looked like the sea floor. Kellerman and Brenon were to jump in and do battle. They were warned that the glass, only an inch and a half thick, most likely couldn't withstand the pressure, but Brenon was willing to take the chance. They were in the tank half an hour before the side through which they were being filmed collapsed, and the two stars shot through the jagged hole 30 feet, the deluge also wiping out most of the crew. Kellerman's right leg and foot had some minor cuts, but Brenon's left arm was slashed from shoulder to wrist, and his face and neck were lacerated. In all, there were six cuts, four to eighteen inches in length, which took surgeons two and half hours to sew. Brenon spent a month in the hospital, and lost 28 lbs. Almost all of the location filming had been completed at the time of the accident, so most of the actors and crew returned to New York.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyd7J5RT7MfSsQ_Xl9KptUqHxbaF8ywRb-7OTWHW98XiQlLb6rXlo9ywFa1y6A-QsYP8Q60rS1c9zKNeWlnT4t9x734u07xUXKaS_kK1XGJ6HJFqnOq1wOT3Bs3y6bFht3LGJ-25_LmkA-/s1198/neptune%2527s+daughter+1914.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1198" data-original-width="1000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyd7J5RT7MfSsQ_Xl9KptUqHxbaF8ywRb-7OTWHW98XiQlLb6rXlo9ywFa1y6A-QsYP8Q60rS1c9zKNeWlnT4t9x734u07xUXKaS_kK1XGJ6HJFqnOq1wOT3Bs3y6bFht3LGJ-25_LmkA-/w334-h400/neptune%2527s+daughter+1914.jpg" width="334" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Neptune swears revenge for the death of his daughter, Angela (Katherine Lee), in NEPTUNE'S DAUGHTER (1914)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p>Katherine was becoming a star, and on July 22, 1914 hosted an ice cream party, aided by a number of child actors from Universal and its subsidiaries. The event was held onstage at the Globe Theatre in New York after a matinee performance of NEPTUNE'S DAUGHTER, with Herbert Brenon as master of ceremonies. Invited were the hundred or so children in the audience. Five pounds of candy was given as a prize to the prettiest girl. The affair was filmed, and played as a special attraction at theatres where Universal pictures were shown.<br /><br />In 1915 Katherine could be seen in PLAYTHINGS OF FATE (Biograph); THE THIRD ACT (Biograph); THE LADY OF DREAMS (Biograph); FATE'S PROTECTING ARM (Biograph); THE HEART PUNCH (Imp); MEN AT THEIR BEST (Imp); LAST OF THE MAFIA (Neutral); THE HEN'S DUCKLING (Reliance), a one-reeler in which Katherine received top billing; THOU SHALT NOT LIE (Imp); THE MASTER HAND (Premo-World Film); AND BY THESE DEEDS (Biograph); and THE BLUDGEON (Equitable).</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPfIjszgI5YgJAqhhsXo5OD_O-6cH1sxvvYLCP3dDh8H4yl93RXgBoHUTd4jcYt9SAwv9zzVwrPWLWIioQSG2aZW5beiti3h0ZW1d3p_uPKt0DGxr2u6uqgVPmhf-oUSGJz4zmmdOBm1GT/s458/universal+weekly+jan+16%252C+1915+heart+punch+pic%252C+katherine.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="458" data-original-width="407" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPfIjszgI5YgJAqhhsXo5OD_O-6cH1sxvvYLCP3dDh8H4yl93RXgBoHUTd4jcYt9SAwv9zzVwrPWLWIioQSG2aZW5beiti3h0ZW1d3p_uPKt0DGxr2u6uqgVPmhf-oUSGJz4zmmdOBm1GT/w355-h400/universal+weekly+jan+16%252C+1915+heart+punch+pic%252C+katherine.jpg" width="355" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine Lee in THE HEART PUNCH (1915)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNUYZIFV5WSN2AyC5yADNjaFVAviWJQUwk6qfdzoMtx2q1cnoFOc1hqP0vJiRUWB4YjPB5jgrrEAEFOYd91W-X50FVZLc8orSjcecprRMs4V4hWJOfKhcEzn4yXxXP813v5L0ICASjEo3v/s993/moving+picture+world+march+20%252C+1915+last+of+the+mafia+plot%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="784" data-original-width="993" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNUYZIFV5WSN2AyC5yADNjaFVAviWJQUwk6qfdzoMtx2q1cnoFOc1hqP0vJiRUWB4YjPB5jgrrEAEFOYd91W-X50FVZLc8orSjcecprRMs4V4hWJOfKhcEzn4yXxXP813v5L0ICASjEo3v/w400-h316/moving+picture+world+march+20%252C+1915+last+of+the+mafia+plot%252C+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>LAST OF THE MAFIA (1915)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvx7NpH-vuopMt_Vgiz5QZNStiPRr05Kueb1f1YAWOrhwEgyYg0YNahwNXcuaGFJSPi3Ju5EL_XqadS0gdSad1LVKYqB8M1-QC50orLyz9NYU3EJH8BpDgu2yBB3Mv5TvzCeQAFsCMG3Gi/s643/motion+picture+news+aug+21%252C+1915+master+hand+review%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="492" data-original-width="643" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvx7NpH-vuopMt_Vgiz5QZNStiPRr05Kueb1f1YAWOrhwEgyYg0YNahwNXcuaGFJSPi3Ju5EL_XqadS0gdSad1LVKYqB8M1-QC50orLyz9NYU3EJH8BpDgu2yBB3Mv5TvzCeQAFsCMG3Gi/w400-h306/motion+picture+news+aug+21%252C+1915+master+hand+review%252C+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>THE MASTER HAND (1915)</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJILYWduwUTOr0oUQmSjTpllY6WGkkoYxHXWHouZx-N37aSSf_8Qv2bWrLQe3f_1bzlSPnzNaaVlLMVrDyMRzluuGxXv8l3-C-gK5k4YNmuNu11_8bMV323mdV72jjHSf1YAxJ7t-wRZZ4/s575/moving+picture+world+oct+23%252C+1915+bludgeon+review%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="478" data-original-width="575" height="333" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJILYWduwUTOr0oUQmSjTpllY6WGkkoYxHXWHouZx-N37aSSf_8Qv2bWrLQe3f_1bzlSPnzNaaVlLMVrDyMRzluuGxXv8l3-C-gK5k4YNmuNu11_8bMV323mdV72jjHSf1YAxJ7t-wRZZ4/w400-h333/moving+picture+world+oct+23%252C+1915+bludgeon+review%252C+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>THE BLUDGEON (1915)</i><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Jane was busy too, with THE RIDER OF SILHOUETTE, a western for Rex; THE CLEMENCEAU CASE (Fox), starring Theda Bara, directed by Herbert Brenon; TONY (Imp); SHOULD WE EAT PIE (Powers); THE DEVIL'S DAUGHTER (Fox), the working title of which was "The Vampire", starring Theda Bara, with Jane as Little Beata; JUDY FORGOT (Broadway-Universal); THE ONLY CHILD (Imp); THE SOUL OF BROADWAY (Fox), directed by Herbert Brenon; and THE GALLEY SLAVE (Fox), starring Theda Bara as an artist's model, with Jane as her child.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtAT9JDEyunXk1xLxtjr1GkG4HsdvK-lX3trie21Ss3daxueIMLMc3EfmtT68rFxbrFIWN1GUg5iGXMpy9HP4Q37f___P9Otup6WJwjFLWUX07RYzVv7YKi_SHCeX09JrXR-NVUjzQuaCL/s600/photoplay+may+1916+jane+article+2+soul+of+broadway+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="398" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtAT9JDEyunXk1xLxtjr1GkG4HsdvK-lX3trie21Ss3daxueIMLMc3EfmtT68rFxbrFIWN1GUg5iGXMpy9HP4Q37f___P9Otup6WJwjFLWUX07RYzVv7YKi_SHCeX09JrXR-NVUjzQuaCL/w265-h400/photoplay+may+1916+jane+article+2+soul+of+broadway+pic.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane holding up daddy's picture, in THE SOUL OF BROADWAY (1915)</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh03MhmBa4z28ncaOh7RWn1iIfVvBCCZoV8SkEWvcmAjtjwPMrdYF7Zc6x4a3StIxDw_yQYNK-IikJXgP3YSKJitTs0EUCpmnL6L-El9XtlWrCpyDec-b0HdBXnDJxGQ0gPZO0iKexcPSpI/s749/silver+threads+among+the+gold+1915.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="749" data-original-width="500" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh03MhmBa4z28ncaOh7RWn1iIfVvBCCZoV8SkEWvcmAjtjwPMrdYF7Zc6x4a3StIxDw_yQYNK-IikJXgP3YSKJitTs0EUCpmnL6L-El9XtlWrCpyDec-b0HdBXnDJxGQ0gPZO0iKexcPSpI/w268-h400/silver+threads+among+the+gold+1915.jpg" width="268" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Together they appeared in THE STUDIO OF LIFE (Reliance); SILVER THREADS AMONG THE GOLD, for the fly-by-night K & R Film Company; COPPER (Imp); and THE MAGIC TOY MAKER (K & R).<br /><br />William Fox gave a private screening of THE CLEMENCEAU CASE at New York's Riverside Theatre, after which the guests, including Jane and Katherine Lee and their mother, exited through the lobby. Jane was mobbed by five or six hundred women, who were moved by her convincing display of emotions in the film, which ran the gamut from "abject grief to reassured delight", particularly during a scene in which her doll is broken, then mended. Due to an overwhelming demand for photos of Jane, a week later the Colonial Theatre in Seattle announced that they would offer a free photo of the chubby-cheeked girl "to every lady attending any matinee this week". A bargain at ten cents.</p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuWjjZPVXNY0gPEo64AfhRCYgaqxGCkoULBns_eElVr3407sy75MZvmsmzGciSsirByfa8c3ekSpTfuaQfVfLy1w5nSL4eeWD_w0NHCIexF3gxAYNQJQNCBHJTilBgkdFE73BGOYkWTa8I/s1134/jane+lee+lilywhite+postcard+1919.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1134" data-original-width="737" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuWjjZPVXNY0gPEo64AfhRCYgaqxGCkoULBns_eElVr3407sy75MZvmsmzGciSsirByfa8c3ekSpTfuaQfVfLy1w5nSL4eeWD_w0NHCIexF3gxAYNQJQNCBHJTilBgkdFE73BGOYkWTa8I/w260-h400/jane+lee+lilywhite+postcard+1919.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>British Lilywhite postcard, 1919; the original photo was taken in 1915</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkqc7363xQa4zu2VGRwcmAzzh7wqxLsUiQl80SmmiYs1XcRvoMJHBks2bdpx1tbv6pns4jN3-E31Dvo5EoUkIq2yTB43K9iAJR7Qmi9GJzZZ3G39tE_5TUv-ZMr-vqn-lGYdjnW3_PA6G3/s601/photoplay+may+1916+jane+article+2+clemenceau+case+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="601" data-original-width="407" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkqc7363xQa4zu2VGRwcmAzzh7wqxLsUiQl80SmmiYs1XcRvoMJHBks2bdpx1tbv6pns4jN3-E31Dvo5EoUkIq2yTB43K9iAJR7Qmi9GJzZZ3G39tE_5TUv-ZMr-vqn-lGYdjnW3_PA6G3/w271-h400/photoplay+may+1916+jane+article+2+clemenceau+case+pic.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane in THE CLEMENCEAU CASE (1915); that quote is hers</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p>By then Jane had surpassed Katherine in popularity, and by the end of 1915 had hundreds of dolls in her possession, sent or given to her by fans. Rather than jealous, Katherine was generous to a fault: she eschewed stardom, while insisting that Jane was a real star.<br /><br />But bigger things were yet to come. On August 18, 1915 a United Fruit Company steamer left New York for Jamaica, carrying Herbert Brenon, with an enormous cast and crew, to film DAUGHTER OF THE GODS, the most expensive movie ever made! Brenon, who also wrote the screenplay, was given <i>carte blanche</i> as to direction and production of the film. It was to be Fox's answer to Universal's NEPTUNE'S DAUGHTER. Brenon secured the services of three of the earlier film's stars: Annette Kellerman, William E. Shay and Katherine Lee. Nor did he neglect Jane, and he even employed Irene Lee as costume designer, after a New York costume supplier gave an estimate of six months to produce the incredible amount of costumes needed. The steamer's hold was filled almost entirely with the Fox production's supplies, including $100,000 worth of the latest camera equipment, six automobiles, and, due to a cash shortage in Jamaica, $200,000 worth of gold coins. A second ship was necessary to convey others, including 200 female swimmers.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3j4LNYRlVdZR9icRMB1AxZaT4MMKxzb7c-NWExt5eHzY4H_pUjLUeZMb00LLrKR1YFy4xGEilrrKZVU7x7FoY08Gocj14B4JnK_nLq4qRM3o_n0EUUXQNvvXdm5e2FtBpCQsmju0pEaW7/s1444/herbert+brenon.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1444" data-original-width="1000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3j4LNYRlVdZR9icRMB1AxZaT4MMKxzb7c-NWExt5eHzY4H_pUjLUeZMb00LLrKR1YFy4xGEilrrKZVU7x7FoY08Gocj14B4JnK_nLq4qRM3o_n0EUUXQNvvXdm5e2FtBpCQsmju0pEaW7/w278-h400/herbert+brenon.jpg" width="278" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Herbert Brenon, 1916<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1_RGIn0MX5XvziY0qbsROdfudcg8aFnDQ7IlJ2gq1wvJDiV8F8Uwpz2R5Xq-IYa8zdzLsb5udDAtiCbDifhBLbr8JFwZSFUzTV8WNRuIu339ED3EDXs8TAVNAV8ulheIQy7SYgwQ1RD5t/s1000/photoplay+may+1916+jane+and+katherine+with+brenon+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1000" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1_RGIn0MX5XvziY0qbsROdfudcg8aFnDQ7IlJ2gq1wvJDiV8F8Uwpz2R5Xq-IYa8zdzLsb5udDAtiCbDifhBLbr8JFwZSFUzTV8WNRuIu339ED3EDXs8TAVNAV8ulheIQy7SYgwQ1RD5t/w400-h250/photoplay+may+1916+jane+and+katherine+with+brenon+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine christens the camera shortly after arriving in Jamaica to film A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS (1916); director Brenon and Jane look on<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Hundreds of workers toiled three months to construct a Moorish city, as well as an undersea kingdom, at a cost of $350,000. For interior scenes, a 550 by 200 foot stage was built. Over 20,000 locals were used as extras in the film, including 1200 children made up as gnomes. Shipbuilders were brought in from Egypt to create replicas of Byzantine vessels. As head of wardrobe, Irene, along with six assistants, was in charge of 1200 seamstresses, who toiled day and night for six weeks to create 15,000 costumes. All available sewing machines on the island were requisitioned, though much of the material was stitched by hand. A scene was staged in which Annette escaped from a tower, a dive of 103 feet.</p><p>Jane and Katherine's individual output was little in 1916: Katherine could be seen in THE BONDMAN (Fox), and A GENTLE VOLUNTEER (Rex), a 3-reel Civil War drama shot the previous summer in Virginia; while Jane had a role in A WIFE'S SACRIFICE (Fox), and THE RAGGED PRINCESS (Fox, 5 reels), with June Caprice, and Irene Lee as matron of the orphanage. However, together the Lee girls appeared in a slew of movies, all for Fox, with whom they now had a long-term contract: THE SPIDER AND THE FLY, also filmed in Jamaica; DARE-DEVIL KATE, with Virginia Pearson; THE UNWELCOME MOTHER; HER DOUBLE LIFE, with Theda Bara; ROMEO AND JULIET, with Theda Bara (the girls had only small roles as pages); LOVE AND HATE; and THE VIXEN, with Theda Bara.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-rdbkMjgQInCFGzBxwOr8oggrQteK9LFnNXU3WcyZgpGSy8htu5DsW9K7kwdD5t7NVzGqEJuQm7MWBxDGOBNTsjX9kIZFshA40a0AkHE6hJj9Hm-5n7SfcBB56OtEw6QjD23xXK5_4gtT/s1165/film+fun+aug+1917+ragged+princess+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="489" data-original-width="1165" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-rdbkMjgQInCFGzBxwOr8oggrQteK9LFnNXU3WcyZgpGSy8htu5DsW9K7kwdD5t7NVzGqEJuQm7MWBxDGOBNTsjX9kIZFshA40a0AkHE6hJj9Hm-5n7SfcBB56OtEw6QjD23xXK5_4gtT/w400-h168/film+fun+aug+1917+ragged+princess+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">THE RAGGED PRINCESS (1917), starring June Caprice; Jane is next to her, holding knife and fork<br /></span></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgirM-QqKznUvFbRUwa66XV4AqEUbhWGaNVW7eIAa9hh272wq7ihXgEGcyv8qGJZRkldqgO3PPPhd-dHSNyX3Jgm-aLnBTM9OVRgHxEgopEZanNZ3oULRGgVodPGFw7hZw-QuW4EIaT-beD/s1015/harrisburg+telegraph+nov+8%252C+1916+unwelcome+mother+ad.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="669" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgirM-QqKznUvFbRUwa66XV4AqEUbhWGaNVW7eIAa9hh272wq7ihXgEGcyv8qGJZRkldqgO3PPPhd-dHSNyX3Jgm-aLnBTM9OVRgHxEgopEZanNZ3oULRGgVodPGFw7hZw-QuW4EIaT-beD/w264-h400/harrisburg+telegraph+nov+8%252C+1916+unwelcome+mother+ad.jpg" width="264" /></a></div><br /><p><br />While filming A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS, Jane and Katherine were earning $100 a week each, an impressive wage in 1915. At Universal they had been receiving only $60 a week. Still, they longed to make money the way other kids were doing it: while on the set of LOVE AND HATE they shined shoes for cast and crew, earning a total of three dollars and forty-seven cents.<br /><br />In a 1916 interview Jane described a typical day, at least when filming without Katherine: "Well, first I get up about 9 in the morning. I wash my hands and face and brush my teeth. It's an awful bother, isn't it? If it is a nice day, I put on one of my nice dresses, and if it is raining or anything, I put on one of the others. Then I wash Lulu [a large doll] and after that, Mamma and Lulu and me -- I mean I -- have breakfast. Then Mamma takes me to the studio. And then I act. That's all I do during the day, but of course I study some of the time and I go to bed again at night."<br /><br />Asked is she'd advise acting as a vocation for other little girls, Jane was able to answer only after her mother rephrased it: "I thought you meant acting was a vacation. 'Tisn't any vacation at all. It's work, just like going to school, or sewing, or wiping dishes, or combing your hair. Yes, I guess I'd advise her to act if she could spare the time, and wasn't nervous."<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWO98y3Ry5DZfFfkz1CSz29FR6SlSiChJU6kGO8VNEDbOthb2rbm4w_T6nH7XXdzHj0K1ZjhKjKnZ_HMpthjbAmc9VGw-0GXAdCbZ12rrcdhzlUI8JJT4zmx4lkTHaTGQPt2ycrfw3SDkE/s830/motography+dec+8%252C+1917+turkey+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="668" data-original-width="830" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWO98y3Ry5DZfFfkz1CSz29FR6SlSiChJU6kGO8VNEDbOthb2rbm4w_T6nH7XXdzHj0K1ZjhKjKnZ_HMpthjbAmc9VGw-0GXAdCbZ12rrcdhzlUI8JJT4zmx4lkTHaTGQPt2ycrfw3SDkE/w400-h323/motography+dec+8%252C+1917+turkey+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>This turkey is questioning the claim that Jane is a vegetarian; this photo, from 1916, was reprinted in subsequent years</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Polio, then known as Infantile Paralysis, broke out in New York City in June of 1916. Movie theatres were closed, as well as swimming pools and amusement parks, and children forbidden from drinking at water fountains. Some cities and towns barred children under the age of 16 from entering. The outbreak was reaching its peak late in July while Jane and Katherine, whose age range was the worst hit, were busy at Fox's Fort Lee studios. Jane was filming four pictures simultaneously, for four different directors, and Katherine was in three of them. Vigilantes warned the Lees, who lived in Manhattan, that if they took the ferry to Fort Lee, they wouldn't be allowed to return. They rented a cottage in Palisades Park, near Fort Lee, so that filming wouldn't be suspended.<br /><br />Fearlessness was instilled in the Lee sisters by their mother: "I have worked ever since Jane and Katherine were tiny babies to bring them up absolutely devoid of fear. I sincerely believe that to people who have no fear in their make-up, anything in life is possible." Irene stamped out a fear of the dark, which is "instinctive in a small child. I put my babies to bed in a dark room. I did not have a light that was afterward extinguished. They grew up to associate bed with the dark, from the first. Therefore, it was not an extraordinary thing or one to be feared." She also gave them books "profusely illustrated, all about goblins, and insisted upon the children making friends of them." Jane was asked her opinion of ghosts: "They're things people try to scare me with, but can't." This ingrained fearlessness applied itself to their vocation. Said Irene, "My two little girls never object to anything they are told to do by a director, because their faith that everything is all right is so firmly established." During the filming of A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS, the girls were suddenly swept from a rock by a large wave and pulled into the surf; however, some men had been positioned nearby to ensure the children's safety, and when they were rescued the girls were laughing, rather than whimpering with fright. The unexpected event was used in the film.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhFqQO-BtNGbbfzvWm74hy-kGgzasG5gvZox1uoFXtHYOkCYm9CPa7kx1FG_qmHUrnjfBLxACqwgV9S16kcqF42Fsv-y3b7vi17SAt9Pvy2OFtx8fHLFZaBlgDSpAyRMRLDnVswRks9GIV/s597/motography+may+20%252C+1916+article+on+girls+fearless%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="472" data-original-width="597" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhFqQO-BtNGbbfzvWm74hy-kGgzasG5gvZox1uoFXtHYOkCYm9CPa7kx1FG_qmHUrnjfBLxACqwgV9S16kcqF42Fsv-y3b7vi17SAt9Pvy2OFtx8fHLFZaBlgDSpAyRMRLDnVswRks9GIV/w400-h316/motography+may+20%252C+1916+article+on+girls+fearless%252C+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Two mermaids on break<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />When they were alone, Katherine always took care of Jane, with the concern and attention of a mother. "Jane is only four," she said, while buttoning up her little sister, "so I have to take care of her." She mentioned in the same 1916 interview that she was saving money for Jane's education: "A child with such talent ought to be given every opportunity."<br /><br />Irene didn't care for the attention and gifts lavished upon the girls by their co-stars, and especially by the directors, who used such artifices as an incentive to get their way. She didn't want them spoiled. She taught the girls to appreciate what they have, that their work as actors is a gift, not to be taken lightly. She gave them a tour of New York's poorer neighbourhoods so they could witness some of the less fortunate children, who may never have the opportunity to rise above poverty.<br /><br />The annual report by the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children shows that in January of 1921 Irene Lee donated 30 articles of clothing, and some candy; and between May and December Jane and Katherine donated 74 articles of clothing, as well as "small girls clothing", 5 dolls with outfits, numerous toys, a school bag, and a croquet set.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYCBkrReLSck4jE1f9yG_LczLivqxaNFwM9-5vNbWG4Hhf9-yBMNKAaTJUolfTu2KuZSN9-DC6v-JQesZfWhGfLOo2V5aFXOI9Dsax3uQN4a-39SiecN87NNKeNQ4F8KZ2D7DZr2GivM4b/s727/photoplay+journal+oct+1916+pic%252C+mistake.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="635" data-original-width="727" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYCBkrReLSck4jE1f9yG_LczLivqxaNFwM9-5vNbWG4Hhf9-yBMNKAaTJUolfTu2KuZSN9-DC6v-JQesZfWhGfLOo2V5aFXOI9Dsax3uQN4a-39SiecN87NNKeNQ4F8KZ2D7DZr2GivM4b/w400-h350/photoplay+journal+oct+1916+pic%252C+mistake.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Solemn gestures and movie cameras aside, the girls were just as playful as other children, occupying their spare time with dolls and games, even between scenes at the studio. At a studio Fox was renting in 1916 in nearby Grantwood, New Jersey, Jane and Katherine made mud pies during a break, using a tin cup and three pieces of cracked china to fashion their various baked goods, which they imprudently deposited on the concrete steps outside. When a large van delivering properties to the studio backed up towards the stairway, the girls protested so loudly that their director, James Vincent, ran to investigate the commotion. The loyal director re-routed the truck: "Don't step on the bakery shop. Drive your truck around the back way. I can't have the temperament of my actresses upset."<br /><br />They played at home, too, much to the consternation of the neighbours occupying the apartment below. There were several months of peace and quiet while the Lees were in Jamaica filming A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS, but upon their return Jane and Katherine were noisier than ever. The neighbours threatened to vacate the premises. At a later date, the girls enjoyed a swimming race in the bathtub, a feat only children could make possible, resulting in a cascade of water that damaged the ceiling of the beleaguered neighbours below. Irene had to pay the $42 repair bill.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLsjLib6yI9V2lNPgwPRcSusA-Nht9CIXXlb1pvXMZZSVlW8Q7JvaKspc6cmvOALtsu1oFDi39XTpPHIwNSm0Z4Tv91ym3HDN4M6E0N-XzmMwLzqESuE7NWE0Cmuhh7D5M_6-bX4Q3nSGR/s821/ex+herald+and+motography+aug+2%252C+1919+circus+imps%252C+bathtub+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="660" data-original-width="821" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLsjLib6yI9V2lNPgwPRcSusA-Nht9CIXXlb1pvXMZZSVlW8Q7JvaKspc6cmvOALtsu1oFDi39XTpPHIwNSm0Z4Tv91ym3HDN4M6E0N-XzmMwLzqESuE7NWE0Cmuhh7D5M_6-bX4Q3nSGR/w400-h321/ex+herald+and+motography+aug+2%252C+1919+circus+imps%252C+bathtub+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu9GNPfOp7XPXpBwoDUyiplTAmnNX8VZjoZ1JT0ZXwItyzKNwzXS0u21hXklGMxpEfY3x9k3useik6S9dLO3eSsBuAsQIO4ctauscSICARIxlfNjltlFOthMHbL5Aj_YCUCbRLdqLApOFX/s652/film+fun+jan+1919+katherine+and+jane+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="616" data-original-width="652" height="378" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu9GNPfOp7XPXpBwoDUyiplTAmnNX8VZjoZ1JT0ZXwItyzKNwzXS0u21hXklGMxpEfY3x9k3useik6S9dLO3eSsBuAsQIO4ctauscSICARIxlfNjltlFOthMHbL5Aj_YCUCbRLdqLApOFX/w400-h378/film+fun+jan+1919+katherine+and+jane+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A couple of pages from Shakespeare...that is, Jane and Katherine play a couple of pages in ROMEO AND JULIET (1916)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Alas, what would a child be without skinning a knee every so often? On October 6, after finishing a scene as a page in ROMEO AND JULIET, Jane was playing with Theda Bara's Russian wolfhound when suddenly the dog's teeth grazed her face, cutting her nose. Jane and her mother were bundled into Theda's car, and the actress rushed them to the Pasteur Institute. After being treated, Jane was brought home, where she convalesced for a week. Her love of animals, dogs in particular, was not diminished by the experience.<br /><br />Not surprisingly, A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS proved an enormous success. The 223,000 feet of footage was edited down to 10,000 feet, or ten reels, still a lengthy movie. A private screening was given at the Academy of Music in New York City, with a dozen theatre owners attending, as well as members of the National Board of Review. A 40-piece orchestra played the musical score, composed especially for the movie by Robert Hood Bowers. Including intermission, the film ran two hours and forty minutes. The Board passed the movie, without requesting any changes.<br /><br />A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS premiered October 17, 1916 at the Lyric Theatre in New York, with a 30-piece orchestra. The theatre was entirely redecorated using scenery, props and trappings from the film, and it was restaffed, with ushers appropriately costumed. When it opened at the Pitt Theatre in Pittsburgh on October 25, the orchestra was increased to 40 musicians, with Bowers himself conducting.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikZY3ikDYMWe1PjoQJ_wRTPORDZIITXD467axj1hmZG3Xrce1x0xYj5Rb5bB7_4dFL9EMxajR-8iw37Kj28p0cSnOvRJGl976sNEShkOWgD6M7t_ONAsVboVkL41f_f10yu38uayoNoYXM/s1975/moving+picture+world+july+24%252C+1918+daughter+of+the+gods+ad.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1975" data-original-width="1387" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikZY3ikDYMWe1PjoQJ_wRTPORDZIITXD467axj1hmZG3Xrce1x0xYj5Rb5bB7_4dFL9EMxajR-8iw37Kj28p0cSnOvRJGl976sNEShkOWgD6M7t_ONAsVboVkL41f_f10yu38uayoNoYXM/w281-h400/moving+picture+world+july+24%252C+1918+daughter+of+the+gods+ad.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad for A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS (1916), the million dollar picture. Lower right: Annette Kellerman with the Lee girls. Jane is on Annette's back, as she can't swim yet</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />On November 3, a parade celebrating Pittsburgh's centennial included a 40-foot float promoting A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS, with more than 60 participants. The sultan and his harem were situated at one end, and the gnome village at the other, occupied by children in long white beards. Annette Kellerman attended, as well as Jane and Katherine Lee, who was holding a bird cage. Everyone wore costumes from the film, sent from New York. Irene Lee appeared as the Witch of Badness, originally played by Ricca Allen, and little mermaids waved at the crowd. The float was well received. Jane and Katherine, with Annette Kellerman, would go on to make a great number of personal appearances around the country promoting the movie.<br /><br />At first the film was shown at only the largest theatres, capable of housing a large orchestra. Seats were booked up to six weeks in advance, at exorbitant prices of 25, 50 and 75 cents, some matinees at a dollar, and special accommodations in the evening for $1.50 and $2, obviously reserved for the wealthier patrons. The movie played 12 months in New York, 10 months in London, 8 months in Paris, and 6 months in Chicago. In December of 1918 it was re-released, cut down to seven reels.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinoHgkMdrNeeCHJOAO4c1YInxjf1-AnuLmMDBmK692KJVTRVbIuvTdOtF67kmy2VOLosRF8tW0llM_MdUiTwNNEnh-xB9SLvI_y1WOp38Ba7ebV1JubSidL9rpkQQRtI3rJurpP2FHWEDd/s1268/picture+play+march+1916+mermaids+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="742" data-original-width="1268" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinoHgkMdrNeeCHJOAO4c1YInxjf1-AnuLmMDBmK692KJVTRVbIuvTdOtF67kmy2VOLosRF8tW0llM_MdUiTwNNEnh-xB9SLvI_y1WOp38Ba7ebV1JubSidL9rpkQQRtI3rJurpP2FHWEDd/w400-h234/picture+play+march+1916+mermaids+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Herbert Brenon had a problem with his much lauded spectacle, though: his name was excluded from all advertising and promotional material, by order of William Fox. Fox encouraged his directors, "gave them carte blanche in their productions -- when I saw that they were on the right track." The only thing Fox could see from his New York office was unprecedented amounts of money being spent by Brenon, far above the director's original, if vague, estimate. Brenon believed that results justified the expense, and Fox was generally of a similar mind, but Brenon had gone too far. Fox sent another of his directors, J. Gordon Edwards, to Jamaica to take over. Brenon called for a strike, and every person in cast and crew except one sided with him. A flurry of telegrams over the next 24 hours between Fox and the two directors ended after Edwards was called off. Both Brenon and Fox were egotists, and Fox's humiliation came with consequences. Brenon, who wrote and directed A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS, was not to be associated in any way with the movie. There were lawsuits, but both men simply moved on before any decision could be made. Fox turned the production's notorious expense to his advantage, advertising it as "The Million Dollar Picture" even before it was released.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN9359M-jkxRMABzBU8Y-Vj4G1p-jwQrFaaAsHs3QF3xyytW0f3-dGPjo8yWRsgtLFFMaGKO4kdeWjlQg-MnqClOj_oquvKdZnDkOdB3TeIBIp0hr0pOPexfh4zN7E0cdhn-KiCaE8yRoM/s2001/motion+picture+story+magazine+aug+1916+katherine+pic%252C+mistake.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2001" data-original-width="1294" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN9359M-jkxRMABzBU8Y-Vj4G1p-jwQrFaaAsHs3QF3xyytW0f3-dGPjo8yWRsgtLFFMaGKO4kdeWjlQg-MnqClOj_oquvKdZnDkOdB3TeIBIp0hr0pOPexfh4zN7E0cdhn-KiCaE8yRoM/w259-h400/motion+picture+story+magazine+aug+1916+katherine+pic%252C+mistake.jpg" width="259" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Poor little birdie!" Nydia (Katherine Lee) learns about death the hard way, in A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS (1916)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Fox released a booklet to aid exhibitors showing A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS in arousing the curiosity of children. The 8-page alphabet book, <i>Anita's Boy and Girl Child's Primer</i>, was printed in two colours, the front cover showing Katherine Lee as Nydia in a scene from the movie, with Annette Kellerman's Anita gracing the back cover. Each letter is illustrated by a character or scene from the movie:<br /><br /><i>"A is Anita<br />The God's fairest daughter,<br />Who spends all her time<br />In the salty sea water."</i><br /><br />Of course, the letter N is reserved for Katherine's character:<br /><br /><i>"N is for Nydia<br />Who owns the canary<br />Which later is changed<br />To a maid, by the fairy."</i></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-iBya-PC0QDv_VTdgrIJxREUgxtlHjPnIyw77gPJd0J0qNRkCd6HvXhIfvfTqK7GhoprUcE_Asdth7nEbnYFoe6JeLxNtUQkCAV4Khg-iCZCxSGzv6LCBCE_R7Qyk-csMTjbsQZzUJ2yO/s2048/jane+and+katherine+with+mary+alden+1917.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1405" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-iBya-PC0QDv_VTdgrIJxREUgxtlHjPnIyw77gPJd0J0qNRkCd6HvXhIfvfTqK7GhoprUcE_Asdth7nEbnYFoe6JeLxNtUQkCAV4Khg-iCZCxSGzv6LCBCE_R7Qyk-csMTjbsQZzUJ2yO/w275-h400/jane+and+katherine+with+mary+alden+1917.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine, with Mary Alden, May 28, 1917, the Hotel des Artistes, New York, at a benefit for the Stage Women's War Relief </i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Early in 1917 Jane and Katherine started doing their bit for Uncle Sam. They attended daily a recruiting station in Bryant Park, at 42nd Street and 6th Avenue, Jane in a replica uniform of a second lieutenant, complete with swagger stick, Katherine in that of a Red Cross nurse, handing out recruiting literature to able-bodied men. According to Jane, "We like the soldiers and we are going to get as many as we can to help out. One man told me that he would enlist if I would give him a kiss. I did and he signed the papers the soldiers gave him. I don't mind kissing soldiers a bit and I'll give 'em all a kiss."<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw43ZOk_VU-JVzx2pwk8yNZX_ZamFCu4MTkt4NLCLfj4bK0I1JxIAkCH0pkPzzjxU5lyxnI7N_k7detk-yzEBcuhAg6j_ud6GKLouSJfii1TbaPTK0tqkl3nhaLukKdxkFPCUjfkZPnhkt/s1154/photoplay+journal+june+1917+jane+recruiting.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="992" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw43ZOk_VU-JVzx2pwk8yNZX_ZamFCu4MTkt4NLCLfj4bK0I1JxIAkCH0pkPzzjxU5lyxnI7N_k7detk-yzEBcuhAg6j_ud6GKLouSJfii1TbaPTK0tqkl3nhaLukKdxkFPCUjfkZPnhkt/w344-h400/photoplay+journal+june+1917+jane+recruiting.jpg" width="344" /></a></div><br /><p><br />The Lee girls were popular with soldiers overseas, and received numerous letters from them every week. Sometimes the girls wrote back. One letter in particular impressed them: "I received a letter from you about the middle of October [1918], as we were right in the middle of the big attack. I read it with my gas mask on."<br /><br />But it wasn't all work and no play. At the studios the girls were known for their pranks and mischief. If anyone was unfortunate enough to fall victim to a practical joke, it was usually assumed that the Lee sisters were the perpetrators, when evidence to the contrary was lacking. They enjoyed climbing, having no fear of heights. When they were needed on set and couldn't be found, a desperate search was made. The girls were discovered only by chance, in the loftiest branches of a tree. They stubbornly refused to come down, and no one was daring enough to climb up and fetch them. A ladder was brought, and the girls finally descended. An hour later they were missing again, this time found scrambling around on a nearby roof. While filming A SMALL TOWN GIRL, Jane was so misbehaved between scenes that director John G. Adolfi was forced to call Irene to the studio. Jane confronted Adolfi, calling him a "tattle-tale", but when her mother arrived Jane was in a corner of the studio, quietly playing with a cat, a perfect little angel.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU65hpnXDpwTJTQe6VK6CHLlZ-D6dA8WDt5gj_IJ8xLhSXrN6aIflUmy7AFzZwpbEi8lrVxkxesP1QNv6bKaJIHCZCIRWlulM1yXf90XSqN2heiXDg-czppew5hgKs9grZdKdtMfZ-lN8y/s683/film+flashes+1916+jane+lee%252C+pets%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="683" data-original-width="368" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU65hpnXDpwTJTQe6VK6CHLlZ-D6dA8WDt5gj_IJ8xLhSXrN6aIflUmy7AFzZwpbEi8lrVxkxesP1QNv6bKaJIHCZCIRWlulM1yXf90XSqN2heiXDg-czppew5hgKs9grZdKdtMfZ-lN8y/w215-h400/film+flashes+1916+jane+lee%252C+pets%252C+pic.jpg" width="215" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Jane tells off director Adolfi, the "tattle-tale"<br /></span></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrewQ15mkbhfM6e6KSXGhsF_6JGNruzvjKpzLJvD5Fph0TLC6D3vAHsEsP07XWVdRT7-2x4LPLRxC8CDA8AqrNxaya9RUNTJdG4fkqPlGDwPPlBp3SnMMztTlIIJPfWkckH7_ZRAT0YlJG/s554/photoplay+journal+oct+1917+climb+roof+at+studio%252C+speedway%252C+good+article.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="554" data-original-width="480" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrewQ15mkbhfM6e6KSXGhsF_6JGNruzvjKpzLJvD5Fph0TLC6D3vAHsEsP07XWVdRT7-2x4LPLRxC8CDA8AqrNxaya9RUNTJdG4fkqPlGDwPPlBp3SnMMztTlIIJPfWkckH7_ZRAT0YlJG/w346-h400/photoplay+journal+oct+1917+climb+roof+at+studio%252C+speedway%252C+good+article.jpg" width="346" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane love to climb; a scene from TWO LITTLE IMPS (1917)</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />On Saturday June 23, the Automobile Fashion Show held at the Sheepshead Bay Speedway in Brooklyn, raised $11,000 for the Actors' Fund of America. The band was very late, and loudly hurried through their numbers to make up for lost time. Stage actress Laura Guerite, a licensed pilot, took off in a plane from the inner field and made several sweeps over the grandstand, thrilling the 8,000 spectators. The main event, scheduled for two o'clock, started almost an hour and a half late. A parade of the latest in automobiles drove by. Jane and Katherine, who had three manufacturers to choose from for the competition, opted for a Willys-Knight. A brilliant blue, with red trim, it was the company's latest model, containing a noiseless V8 engine. It was loaned to them for the show, being somewhat out of their price range.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFp45VIdcsxSwXZPH4PHgOEMmeXipQOCWOrm172lu0Ql5p0kz1-oAN8lrH65pX89RRIEXSMpPmDkxgqBTpyz97RKY94iz3rHQ-qmbw4rS1Obp8-bh0uJFy4XhGwQxdN8RIn4o5XYZXz2rS/s2048/sheepshead+bay+speedway+june+23%252C+1917+jane+and+katherine+lee.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1410" data-original-width="2048" height="275" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFp45VIdcsxSwXZPH4PHgOEMmeXipQOCWOrm172lu0Ql5p0kz1-oAN8lrH65pX89RRIEXSMpPmDkxgqBTpyz97RKY94iz3rHQ-qmbw4rS1Obp8-bh0uJFy4XhGwQxdN8RIn4o5XYZXz2rS/w400-h275/sheepshead+bay+speedway+june+23%252C+1917+jane+and+katherine+lee.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine, in the vehicle far right</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />The other entrants, society ladies, displayed their finest gowns, but Jane showed up in her little officer's uniform, and Katherine in her Red Cross nurse's outfit. The girls were chauffeured in their vehicle, as were many of the others. Fifteen of the thirty contestants were eliminated, some for infractions, after which each of the remaining cars were exhibited individually, and the winners were determined by applause. Jane and Katherine took first prize, a $200 liberty bond, and a blue ribbon for Willys-Knight. The girls saluted the cheering audience.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv2UNG4-dIpzN0mXoi8o2wpOu4zRsFjIQBIBKZdcbE402PzoZITqcqjwX_-93YTBSUNiQlq7P59b1-ooCkp_AYwdy0GgjueszJ6K4as2XjMcBGIVzQCzCXewEucjRKuffcldhcKVr-ltZf/s2000/sheepshead+bay+1917.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1387" data-original-width="2000" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv2UNG4-dIpzN0mXoi8o2wpOu4zRsFjIQBIBKZdcbE402PzoZITqcqjwX_-93YTBSUNiQlq7P59b1-ooCkp_AYwdy0GgjueszJ6K4as2XjMcBGIVzQCzCXewEucjRKuffcldhcKVr-ltZf/w400-h278/sheepshead+bay+1917.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyxzWT7_OpDeonLVTpk8vb6Y31b7U8B18o9Y65556u90ean31K-hw0FT59xRzAkSDHJYeMg8jqnqkLlraUeyWTwzERD2-_soe0X6WWAK0FCPf6Iz_Xuuh9QA-poep7RuPrAv5JKe3jBsL3/s586/jane+and+katherine+sheepshead+speedway+winners+1917.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="586" data-original-width="527" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyxzWT7_OpDeonLVTpk8vb6Y31b7U8B18o9Y65556u90ean31K-hw0FT59xRzAkSDHJYeMg8jqnqkLlraUeyWTwzERD2-_soe0X6WWAK0FCPf6Iz_Xuuh9QA-poep7RuPrAv5JKe3jBsL3/w360-h400/jane+and+katherine+sheepshead+speedway+winners+1917.jpg" width="360" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Compared to previous years, 1917 experienced a dearth of movies with Katherine Lee in a supporting role. Jane fared better, appearing in four features for Fox: A CHILD OF THE WILD, TANGLED LIVES, A SMALL TOWN GIRL, and PATSY. Both supported Virginia Pearson in SISTER AGAINST SISTER. The sisters in question are identical twins, Katherine portraying both at a young age, and Virginia at a later point in time, using double exposure.<br /><br />According to exhibitors, audiences were crazy about Jane and Katherine Lee, barely noticing on screen the stars the girls were supporting. Often newspaper ads would mention Jane or Katherine, but not the leads. Theda Bara was the exception, a bizarre figure who couldn't be ignored. Something had to be done, and that something was to give the girls a feature of their own, TWO LITTLE IMPS.<br /><br />In TWO LITTLE IMPS, Jane and Katherine are spending the summer at a seaside resort, when their mother is called away for a week. Rather than disappoint the girls entirely, she has her brother Billy come to look after them. On the way he meets Betty, also headed for the same hotel, and they fall in love. Jane and Katherine do their best to foster the courting, but their efforts (or antics) are a constant source of chaos at the hotel, including driving an electric wheel chair into the surf and climbing up on the roof. Katherine makes a friend of Betty's father, Mr Murray, who is also staying at the resort, and soon meets Bob, whose father has disowned him for forging a cheque. Katherine inspires Bob to go straight and redeem himself; however, he's talked into a burglary by two former associates. The trio enter Mr Murray's rooms at the hotel, but when Bob sees a picture of his mother, he realises that it's his own father he's robbing. He refuses to cooperate further, and phones the desk for help. The crooks knock him out, and upon Mr Murray's entrance, they flee to Jane's room. Jane hides in a dresser drawer, and Uncle Billy struggles with the criminals. Billy is outnumbered, until Jane hits one of the villains over the head with an iron. Mr Murray and his son are reunited, and Billy proposes to Betty.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL1syLN0wsdpwuIQ6CKP0Js-IF9eRGZVTdRi6T94Ue6jVulU8BdD47m1fvpgKdbt8Hl1Hm-JMRWLv-GldVPrAt6jncOykybjeHxlyPWvCMb6RbWg7L69rDlZrQj9c2k97QFBohkTt-Hw0b/s1969/motion+picture+news+july+14%252C+1917+two+little+imps+ad.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1969" data-original-width="1470" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL1syLN0wsdpwuIQ6CKP0Js-IF9eRGZVTdRi6T94Ue6jVulU8BdD47m1fvpgKdbt8Hl1Hm-JMRWLv-GldVPrAt6jncOykybjeHxlyPWvCMb6RbWg7L69rDlZrQj9c2k97QFBohkTt-Hw0b/w299-h400/motion+picture+news+july+14%252C+1917+two+little+imps+ad.jpg" width="299" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad for TWO LITTLE IMPS (1917); top left: Jane is about to even the odds with an iron to the head<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Released July 8, TWO LITTLE IMPS was a big hit with both critics and audiences, and at Fox Film Corporation's headquarters mail poured in from exhibitors requesting more films starring the "Baby Grands". Fox quickly announced that there would be a total of eight feature films starring the Lee kids, now under the company's Standard Pictures brand, with higher production values. Contracts were signed, and, estimating that the girls would be working for at least a year, a special studio was built for them as had been done with other major stars, which included a bathroom, a playroom, and even bedrooms, should they wish to stay overnight. Additional space was rented at Biograph. Jane and Katherine were allowed to bring their friends to visit the set one hour each week. A month after the release of TWO LITTLE IMPS, the girls were already filming their second feature.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPPkP5qCtTSJxNyGSsb8TptoEQgQXxpLLzq3CJ4STym0zSxfP3S0o6MvVIi0Bn71_oJ65a81PJjOauJfiU3cIs6oyTGEYI7LJGfcgrlQJo0uYP_8LygCrPTf_SeQYe8nS0VbQDrkFn6bUQ/s1973/motion+picture+news+aug+18%252C+1917+full+page+ad.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1973" data-original-width="1478" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPPkP5qCtTSJxNyGSsb8TptoEQgQXxpLLzq3CJ4STym0zSxfP3S0o6MvVIi0Bn71_oJ65a81PJjOauJfiU3cIs6oyTGEYI7LJGfcgrlQJo0uYP_8LygCrPTf_SeQYe8nS0VbQDrkFn6bUQ/w300-h400/motion+picture+news+aug+18%252C+1917+full+page+ad.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Jane and Katherine made numerous personal appearances to support the movie, often doing a song and hula dance before or after a screening, delighting the audience. But such a performance could be classified as vaudeville, and it caused some trouble in November, when Irene Lee and Loew's 7th Avenue Theatre manager, Charles Sewards, were arrested for violating the "Gerry law", which prevented children from singing and dancing on stage. The girls were billed as appearing live, and agents of the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children rushed the stage, intending to take Jane and Katherine to an institution. As the theatrical industry had nothing but contempt for <br />the Gerry law and its enforcers, Irene warned them what would happen if they tried to take the girls. The stage hands threw the agents out, and told them to get a summons. Irene and the manager were arrested, but the court case was adjourned for a week, as Irene's lawyer was away. They were released on $300 bail.<br /><br />The outcome of the case is unknown, but it was expected that defense would argue that the girls weren't actually working, just appearing as a publicity stunt in conjunction with the movie. The courts were becoming increasingly annoyed with the Gerry law (named after the Society's co-founder, Elbridge T. Gerry), which was out-dated and woefully vague. A similar case involving the Lees a few years later ended in a dismissal, when the court decided that the Child Labor Act of 1915 "did not intend to prohibit children from practising an art or pursuing an educational purpose", but to keep children out of "manufacturing, mining or mercantile establishments" where conditions were detrimental to their health.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhq22fFnJIoC9onZZlx4qVOYyxuZ9D3Sz6mSvHMQ2522MAXBR4p2oxj06hrbaHHNfRJaNfxfQ2TLaxLdNCCrbYG_d-4CsldMGoAttq2qVEflZhIY6ZdY_Fwcj-YT7YTSaa_SGRN7oAWKf2P/s1560/let+us+say+a+prayer+for+daddy+1917b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1560" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhq22fFnJIoC9onZZlx4qVOYyxuZ9D3Sz6mSvHMQ2522MAXBR4p2oxj06hrbaHHNfRJaNfxfQ2TLaxLdNCCrbYG_d-4CsldMGoAttq2qVEflZhIY6ZdY_Fwcj-YT7YTSaa_SGRN7oAWKf2P/w308-h400/let+us+say+a+prayer+for+daddy+1917b.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Sheet music, 1917; the same two writers used the same pic again two years later for "I'm Looking For My Mamma"</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />By this time, Jane and Katherine's popularity was such that numerous companies wanted them to promote their products, especially clothing. While Jane had no qualms, Katherine wouldn't allow either of them to shill for anyone, thinking they'd get blamed if the product was defective.<br /><br />Their second movie, TROUBLEMAKERS, was completed late November, and released December 9. In this 7-reeler, Jane and Katherine are the daughters of a widow, Mrs Lehr, whose handyman about the estate is charged with murder and condemned to the electric chair. It turns out that the victim, the family's gardener, had been driven away by the girls' maddening pranks, and when he's discovered alive the handyman is rescued from the chair at the last minute.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF68JzN2v0vXVdsyWFrqjozxHowSrvpyC9DybN0d3f2C1qEKn9InNa9gI0c11TPk0BaZdg-0WAdo1FJtTq3AxRIaYE4iWCTEg1LJ45nJNTM9BPtWH8_ftZCj8e3YOj0W14ThkJ8-VNHCUw/s1850/ex+her+dec+22%252C+1917+troublemakers+ad.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1850" data-original-width="1307" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF68JzN2v0vXVdsyWFrqjozxHowSrvpyC9DybN0d3f2C1qEKn9InNa9gI0c11TPk0BaZdg-0WAdo1FJtTq3AxRIaYE4iWCTEg1LJ45nJNTM9BPtWH8_ftZCj8e3YOj0W14ThkJ8-VNHCUw/w283-h400/ex+her+dec+22%252C+1917+troublemakers+ad.jpg" width="283" /></a></div><br /><p><br />In one scene, Jane is swimming in a creek, wearing nothing but a little undershirt. She's chased by a cop for breaking the town's Sunday by-law, and hides under a seat in the choir loft at the church. During filming, Jane's bottom was stung by a bee, forcing her to crawl out from under the pew. The movie was shot mostly on location, at a small town church, a railroad station, trains (utilising some of the employees), and a barn, which they burned down, near Trenton, New Jersey.<br /><br />By all accounts, TROUBLEMAKERS provided countless laughs, but at least one reviewer thought it too "gruesome" to be considered a children's film. Jane and Katherine's antics cause the barn to be burned down, and a skull they had been playing with, presumably that of the missing gardener, was found amongst the charred ruins by a cop who had a grudge against the accused, along with a blood-stained knife. Towards the end of the film, the condemned man, head shaven, is led to the chair, strapped in, hooded, and given last rites by a priest, before being spared. The Kansas State Board of Review for Censorship eliminated "all scenes of preparing boy for execution." In Chicago, "all but first and last scenes of man in electric chair" were cut.</p><p>Jane and Katherine attended a showing at a large theatre in New York, where a woman seated nearby vociferously complained about their scant attire on screen. Jane, not one to tolerate such insolence, leaned over and said, "Say, missus, we'd just been swimming and the constable nabbed our clothes when that scene was made. Do <i>you</i> go swimming with your clothes on?"<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO6AlmB795Je4O625lo_WeGbAAIcbqVJ0poU9gp9DXpiT2qZ_AHvs-gnKI8yIbeOYJgoOolVw269r43ZjpyVE2lN8oThJ6TawcpczB5ybHjiA_fDpUX1skBOesnHluDJUnewFywYKI3kDY/s422/motion+picture+news+dec+1%252C+1917+troublemakers+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="422" data-original-width="397" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO6AlmB795Je4O625lo_WeGbAAIcbqVJ0poU9gp9DXpiT2qZ_AHvs-gnKI8yIbeOYJgoOolVw269r43ZjpyVE2lN8oThJ6TawcpczB5ybHjiA_fDpUX1skBOesnHluDJUnewFywYKI3kDY/w376-h400/motion+picture+news+dec+1%252C+1917+troublemakers+pic.jpg" width="376" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane in TROUBLEMAKERS (1917)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp9MMh6iTsmu3vw0MNKKp4yQ9M-TVbwEw2Au45Hdm-W7O1RV9FUwNdgQcxpRksO5KhFZAj1Z-EWKWvMo_PYgfuxk-NlwnvDZRV8SiEfMGbOahrMLFtUfbd5pwgrDx4Jm9NfwPo0ef_xfu8/s1400/motography+dec+29%252C+1917+troublemakers%252C+jane+pic+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="875" data-original-width="1400" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp9MMh6iTsmu3vw0MNKKp4yQ9M-TVbwEw2Au45Hdm-W7O1RV9FUwNdgQcxpRksO5KhFZAj1Z-EWKWvMo_PYgfuxk-NlwnvDZRV8SiEfMGbOahrMLFtUfbd5pwgrDx4Jm9NfwPo0ef_xfu8/w400-h250/motography+dec+29%252C+1917+troublemakers%252C+jane+pic+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane lets the gardener know just what she thinks of him, in TROUBLEMAKERS (1917)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJVziGS0CUDc39aQdRigzua-FR6DtW8VG4czyOd6mKk1-p7Og8P5b-qb60p9bu6apwffTrmCUfNreHZP71uR3JKle7nQYBmeQoyR2yNY0W5SOYOLXm7LLrpxvTxtor3bkNaz126plS8mYt/s1200/motography+jan+5%252C+1918+troublemakers+pic+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1004" data-original-width="1200" height="335" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJVziGS0CUDc39aQdRigzua-FR6DtW8VG4czyOd6mKk1-p7Og8P5b-qb60p9bu6apwffTrmCUfNreHZP71uR3JKle7nQYBmeQoyR2yNY0W5SOYOLXm7LLrpxvTxtor3bkNaz126plS8mYt/w400-h335/motography+jan+5%252C+1918+troublemakers+pic+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine doing some research on top of the desk; TROUBLEMAKERS (1917)</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Despite a few objections, TROUBLEMAKERS was another big hit, smashed records at Philadelphia's Palace Theatre January 7 to 12, where it was shown seven times a day, and "S.R.O." signs were needed at five of the performances. Jane and Katherine appeared at three showings per day with a song and dance, which received enthusiastic ovations; encores were given, and the girls were crowded by admirers after each show. During this time an incident occurred at a newspaper office. Despite very cold weather, Jane and Katherine were wearing socks, as they'd always eschewed full-length stockings, and a woman created a noise, threatening to have the children's publicity agent arrested for cruelty. Jane, annoyed, said, "Say, Missus, let's see what kind of stockings you wear, will you?" The lady muttered, "You little imp!" and stormed off, laughed at by the crowd that had gathered.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_jjUjQ92Lx7LBi-LcRmM1lhD-uztEW8yVKyHXf5Pg5vqTYFToCb7K2SEmFuvxIZ261V0FJ8Fh648s-rabINZ_VSGAFVtliAAt_8BknPsGTVDPPlNy4G168r9ZPHOIkRfxrk_dzalVbLd_/s621/moving+picture+world+sept+1%252C+1917+kenean+buel+article%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="621" data-original-width="383" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_jjUjQ92Lx7LBi-LcRmM1lhD-uztEW8yVKyHXf5Pg5vqTYFToCb7K2SEmFuvxIZ261V0FJ8Fh648s-rabINZ_VSGAFVtliAAt_8BknPsGTVDPPlNy4G168r9ZPHOIkRfxrk_dzalVbLd_/w246-h400/moving+picture+world+sept+1%252C+1917+kenean+buel+article%252C+pic.jpg" width="246" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Kenean Buel<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />As with TWO LITTLE IMPS, TROUBLEMAKERS was written and directed by Kenean Buel, a 34-year-old from the Bluegrass region of Kentucky. He had barely begun practising law when he became interested in the stage, at first an actor, then a writer and director. He would go on to direct the first five of the eight movies Jane and Katherine starred in for Fox, who had him in mind from the start. As William Fox stated, "for years I have watched his work with children. Children like and work with him and I have the greatest confidence in his ability."</p><p>"I keep in their sympathy," said Buel. "That's why I get such convincing results."</p><p>Indeed, since their careers began, every critic, exhibitor and spectator marvelled at Jane and Katherine's naturalness, their ability to behave like children on screen, never seeming to be acting. It was this quality, rare in child actors, that endeared them to audiences even when they were supporting actors, and caused them to steal the show, no doubt to the chagrin of the ostensible leads.<br /><br />Buel rarely rehearsed the kids in any scene where only the two of them appeared. The girls would follow the director around the set intently as he described what he wanted them to do, even noting his expressions. Jane and Katherine were fond of Buel, who was more of a friend to them than a director. "I use my imagination in order to appeal to them. We make up the plot, seemingly, as we go along, although as a matter of fact, I guide the imagination of the youngsters into the channels necessary to develop the plot of the play as intended." Buel's technique was simple: "I lead them to think they are at play." In this way Jane and Katherine's actions were spontaneous, rather than contrived, and obviated the need for a second take. Rehearsals were only necessary for scenes involving adult players, and if they forgot a minor action, one of the girls would discreetly remind them, or even do it for them. This bit of ad-libbing saved many scenes.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ7BpHEzfAIANNyOFa_mSBK5ldBrAKgKvzXb46Q0EjIUpX32wSBDcz32QkaRl4MsaWUwehY7GI0upx3dYHhGZJIuMuAE-hNK1mcKre5vGx0uFAmxKm5T0rPRZIieGDTKml0jWDewSNIWf9/s2048/katherine+lee+1917.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1648" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ7BpHEzfAIANNyOFa_mSBK5ldBrAKgKvzXb46Q0EjIUpX32wSBDcz32QkaRl4MsaWUwehY7GI0upx3dYHhGZJIuMuAE-hNK1mcKre5vGx0uFAmxKm5T0rPRZIieGDTKml0jWDewSNIWf9/w323-h400/katherine+lee+1917.jpg" width="323" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Christmas came early for Jane and Katherine. They asked Buel if they could get a set of sleigh bells from the property room, to use for a "sleigh ride party". Being that it was summer and there was no snow, the director was baffled. Katherine assured him that they could pull it off. The next day, the ice man sent two 25 lb blocks of ice up to the Lee apartment, as he did daily in the summer, and the girls rode them, jingling the bells.<br /><br />The sisters made known their New Year's resolutions, admittedly tentative: "to forego candy one day each week; to give a dollar each week to the Red Cross fund; to knit a pair of stockings for some soldier, at least one pair every month; and to send at least half of the toys they may receive to poor children in Belgium and France."<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxD3_zOA249GrM3J5ydbBRAvztKWKbB9P5LRAqzvVl5BcQcjaSV1S84v9PoGRP4IQhgNsA2K5YCC6FrRZvcfx0kwQu1NL2cw_6KcXWuHtvmho4kBbE3gZbeIm5fEpX1wXxMV86eTp29GY9/s2035/motography+jan+26%252C+1918+cover.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2035" data-original-width="1434" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxD3_zOA249GrM3J5ydbBRAvztKWKbB9P5LRAqzvVl5BcQcjaSV1S84v9PoGRP4IQhgNsA2K5YCC6FrRZvcfx0kwQu1NL2cw_6KcXWuHtvmho4kBbE3gZbeIm5fEpX1wXxMV86eTp29GY9/w281-h400/motography+jan+26%252C+1918+cover.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane in a patriotic pose on the cover of Motography, January 26, 1918</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Travelling and personal appearances continued to be a big part of Jane and Katherine's lives. In January they left the frigid climate of Fort Lee, where they were filming their new movie, to shoot some exteriors in Florida. While waiting for the train, Jane sashayed about the station, with a parasol, fan and straw hat, anticipating warm weather. Arrangements had been made for accommodations, but the hotel in Jacksonville was overbooked, and cast and crew spent the night in the lobby. Jane was disappointed by the spell of cold weather they were experiencing. Two days later the Lees left for Philadelphia, billed for a score of appearances at a "Baby Grand" celebration in that city.</p><p>Jane and Katherine's third picture, AMERICAN BUDS, began filming late in November, only a few days after completing TROUBLEMAKERS, and was released February 24, 1918. Colonel Harding's youngest daughter, Cecile, is in love with Captain Robert Dutton, who is working on a top secret project for the government. Jane and Katherine are new residents at an orphanage nearby. The girls invade the army camp and win the hearts of the colonel and the troops. The Colonel's sister takes them back to the orphanage, against his wishes, and discovers a letter in Katherine's possession that gives the impression Bob is the father of the two little girls. Threatened with court martial unless he accepts responsibility for the girls, Bob takes them into his home, so that he can complete his project. Of course, the girls win his heart, too. Jane and Katherine's high jinks are transferred from the orphanage to the military camp. Rupert Duncan, an Austrian spy in their midst, tries to steal the plans from Dutton, but is foiled by Jane. Duncan is shot, but before dying confesses that the children are his (his initials are the same as Bob's), and that the colonel's older, estranged daughter is the mother. Colonel Harding accepts his two new granddaughters, and Cecile and Bob are engaged.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzIsrfUX1jJSLJ5T2cgCAACTLKxXs8NmnrmWjnvIK5wnSHzxDFcHoEFRX-7tKsfxbF1g8vDZJYINMr-gBxO62o7uGDcQJhmtnCnL_am4m2gAT_1XjsGuT1iYLPjDYNG730pg3bzsbxJig7/s868/motion+picture+news+march+9%252C+1918.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="868" data-original-width="521" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzIsrfUX1jJSLJ5T2cgCAACTLKxXs8NmnrmWjnvIK5wnSHzxDFcHoEFRX-7tKsfxbF1g8vDZJYINMr-gBxO62o7uGDcQJhmtnCnL_am4m2gAT_1XjsGuT1iYLPjDYNG730pg3bzsbxJig7/w240-h400/motion+picture+news+march+9%252C+1918.jpg" width="240" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Vqhy90Q-43DVim97Zfmmii1FGL9gbqdBKQZHfUKVInKlhmRChGl-jkKm3zqx-kaw2ZN2w5jKDU6NeDM0mpuO6EsXrusyNK-We9_2-Qnak-xXZ9udztEB9egnLHKo0Bm_U0uBRXCysYpx/s820/motography+march+2%252C+1918+american+buds+pics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="646" data-original-width="820" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Vqhy90Q-43DVim97Zfmmii1FGL9gbqdBKQZHfUKVInKlhmRChGl-jkKm3zqx-kaw2ZN2w5jKDU6NeDM0mpuO6EsXrusyNK-We9_2-Qnak-xXZ9udztEB9egnLHKo0Bm_U0uBRXCysYpx/w400-h315/motography+march+2%252C+1918+american+buds+pics.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine at the orphanage, in AMERICAN BUDS (1918)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />AMERICAN BUDS was yet another hit for the girls. The movie was the most expensive in the series thus far. $40,000 went into the building of a set with six rooms, furnished with exotic luxuries and antiques purchased from local dealers. The most celebrated scene has Jane fascinated by a hot air balloon, and getting caught in one of the ropes as it ascends for a flight. Jane holds on for dear life, until the aviator performs a harrowing rescue at 2,000 feet and both parachute safely to the ground.<br /><br />Although AMERICAN BUDS was produced as one of Fox's higher quality Standard Pictures, he placed it in the 52-a-year Special Features package, at a lower rate. This unusual move was done at the request of exhibitors who couldn't afford the Standard releases. Fox felt that it would give Jane and Katherine a wider audience: "If they give as much pleasure to others as they give to me, I guess it will be worthwhile to sacrifice some profit."<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhttZO5-8jbqO-ow2Vr1VCN0MwpiYix6U8mPEYrGKjF76mNKcXqFHs9tr6ObmF4emoJpJuDfpx_M5INLt111b3g93LTUlymsEOoFZorr-Yn91wVR4VPJ3EG7tiSZWuMEQRg6cW3ZvJdhkNu/s808/motography+may+18%252C+1918+buds+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="653" data-original-width="808" height="324" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhttZO5-8jbqO-ow2Vr1VCN0MwpiYix6U8mPEYrGKjF76mNKcXqFHs9tr6ObmF4emoJpJuDfpx_M5INLt111b3g93LTUlymsEOoFZorr-Yn91wVR4VPJ3EG7tiSZWuMEQRg6cW3ZvJdhkNu/w400-h324/motography+may+18%252C+1918+buds+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane share a pair of pajamas in AMERICAN BUDS (1918)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi758ObBK2Eo3jUBI0PukAGBbrBxwamWEYDJHuFUJ0CKX3YDQ1kIVYYl2aGDZMA6VUa9qsQ_mfA94QDdL3B1rDyN28J8qD5FFcoVdz5sD589jcsdUiNjjCiBG16AtVuptFF6wo9W5IHbja6/s1279/american+buds+lobby+card.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="890" data-original-width="1279" height="279" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi758ObBK2Eo3jUBI0PukAGBbrBxwamWEYDJHuFUJ0CKX3YDQ1kIVYYl2aGDZMA6VUa9qsQ_mfA94QDdL3B1rDyN28J8qD5FFcoVdz5sD589jcsdUiNjjCiBG16AtVuptFF6wo9W5IHbja6/w400-h279/american+buds+lobby+card.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>AMERICAN BUDS (1918)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Beginning April 6, 1918, Liberty Bond trailers were attached to the end of every 5-reel feature to promote the sale of the third Liberty Loan. At the request of the Loan's publicity division, Kenean Buel filmed a 200-foot short at Fort Lee, featuring Jane. In the film, Jane is seen sitting on the floor with blocks, spelling out the sentence, "BUY A LIBERTY BOND". She then picks up the letter "U" and points her finger at the viewer.<br /><br />Jane and Katherine's next film, WE SHOULD WORRY, which began shooting in February, was released June 16. Jane and Katherine are living with their aunt, Miss Ashton, a pretty heiress who has a number of suitors. The kids are fond of one in particular, Jack Fenton, and so is their aunt, until she meets Percival Gilpatrick, a con artist and burglar. The girls aren't fooled by his charming demeanor, and do their best to upset his marriage proposals. Percival instructs his henchmen, Mike and Bill, to kidnap the nuisances and keep them in a cellar, holding them for ransom, so that he can stage a rescue and win Miss Ashton's favour. But the thugs are no match for the pranks of the troublesome girls, who aren't taking their kidnapping seriously, and they're forced to let them go. Jane and Katherine provide the police with enough evidence to arrest the gang, and their aunt marries Jack Fenton.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3RVvH5JBE8UPaSnk9N6pRniuazDi-ZwDEbW7qPxxveXfIIqpJS6R1HC6_XjbgECOtKDq7i7Wem8Ba2cJEndiZGKrS6nWOi8GTASHkObSb3admzatIqJKsxByeagFO4EChRFjuzLs2XB-5/s815/motography+july+6%252C+1918+worry+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="669" data-original-width="815" height="329" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3RVvH5JBE8UPaSnk9N6pRniuazDi-ZwDEbW7qPxxveXfIIqpJS6R1HC6_XjbgECOtKDq7i7Wem8Ba2cJEndiZGKrS6nWOi8GTASHkObSb3admzatIqJKsxByeagFO4EChRFjuzLs2XB-5/w400-h329/motography+july+6%252C+1918+worry+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane doing what they do best: their worst! A scene from WE SHOULD WORRY (1918)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcYgskpVUhiBSVC0Oia15SAmCAJSMzbr1sSNijANqQzCoof9LvyEoyWuTXCC20-vwwq1BgJEVQ6IOftDoGFlVDy5jI8C3UJmOiFV5Kz7QAc8gdMz_OUkFFX1kgHWpf_vB9B29M3CfzLVRE/s747/exhibitors+bulletin+june+1918+we+should+worry+pics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="747" data-original-width="633" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcYgskpVUhiBSVC0Oia15SAmCAJSMzbr1sSNijANqQzCoof9LvyEoyWuTXCC20-vwwq1BgJEVQ6IOftDoGFlVDy5jI8C3UJmOiFV5Kz7QAc8gdMz_OUkFFX1kgHWpf_vB9B29M3CfzLVRE/w339-h400/exhibitors+bulletin+june+1918+we+should+worry+pics.jpg" width="339" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>WE SHOULD WORRY (1918)</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In the film, Jane and Katherine are seen making short work of cops, burglars, kidnappers, fortune hunters and snobs. It was the most expensive of their films, and the girls are almost constantly on the screen, much to the delight of fans and exhibitors.<br /><br />The girls, as always, were busy little bees. Filming for their next picture was already completed by the time WE SHOULD WORRY was released. In between shooting scenes, the girls entertained 300 Belgian soldiers at Bayside, Long Island with some singing and dancing. Katherine made the introduction: "Ladies and gentlemen, this is my sister, Jane. I am Katherine. We have both worked in moving pictures a very long time and we like it very much and we're very glad to be with you."<br /><br />Jane gave a quick speech in verse:<br /><br />"You'd scarce expect a little girl like me<br />To come up here where all can see<br />And make a speech as well as those<br />Who wear the grandest kind of clothes.<br />But I like you<br />And if you like me,<br />Then size don't count,<br />We will agree."<br /><br />After the show, soldiers dug into their pockets and gave the girls souvenirs from the battlefront, including a cartridge and a button from a German prisoner's uniform.<br /><br />One Sunday in June they entertained wounded soldiers at the Columbia University Base Hospital, and at the Pelham Bay Naval Training Station to wild applause. The following Sunday they attended a baseball game between soldiers and actors at Camp Upton, and, after a brief rest at their apartment, went to the Astoria theatre to assist actress Adele Rowland in her grand benefit for soldiers.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrYghqSeZWaJ_48zSelSujdx6xgo8rKvvYTs09jNBrV1fNebERww1sy-ijihTg0noVdL15MLny8bzCcHkwPUBdVmRtjKf-mhHvahWA7OX4MmuofrO0TEtpcbscFS0NBU_P104I2-ilqyTL/s710/photoplay+july+1916+jane+recruitment+uniform.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="710" data-original-width="297" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrYghqSeZWaJ_48zSelSujdx6xgo8rKvvYTs09jNBrV1fNebERww1sy-ijihTg0noVdL15MLny8bzCcHkwPUBdVmRtjKf-mhHvahWA7OX4MmuofrO0TEtpcbscFS0NBU_P104I2-ilqyTL/w168-h400/photoplay+july+1916+jane+recruitment+uniform.jpg" width="168" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane loved her little uniform<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Jane and Katherine's fifth movie, DOING THEIR BIT, was released August 4, 1918. After their father, Patrick O'Dowd, is killed on the battlefield in France, Jane and Katherine are sent from a small village in Ireland to live with their uncle in New York. Michael O'Dowd had made a fortune with his munitions plant, and his wife resents the little uncouth ragamuffins. The girls remind Mrs O'Dowd of her own impoverished childhood, and she sees them as an obstacle to her social ambitions. Their daughter, Patricia, is in love with a worker at her father's plant. Their son, Miles, is a pampered fop, whose mother helps him avoid the draft by falsifying his birth record. Jane and Katherine discover that German spies are working in their uncle's munitions factory and capture the saboteurs by locking their fingers in a press. The girls are now in everyone's good graces. Miles, inspired by their courage and patriotism, enlists in the army, no longer a slacker, and Patricia marries her boyfriend.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3bhrovca4M6uKohLFLnuueoMzgGDV26GvZgqkXaX4c1lpqoECFkpAYsApNB32rmlLbIYnvqLg69CwP2wg6wNt3IP8g-_ZEvg-ChnPKdCD_WHXmGGwLGguiVV6ATBGcosarl2MSMhhm7RP/s1500/doing+their+bit+glass+slide+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1242" data-original-width="1500" height="331" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3bhrovca4M6uKohLFLnuueoMzgGDV26GvZgqkXaX4c1lpqoECFkpAYsApNB32rmlLbIYnvqLg69CwP2wg6wNt3IP8g-_ZEvg-ChnPKdCD_WHXmGGwLGguiVV6ATBGcosarl2MSMhhm7RP/w400-h331/doing+their+bit+glass+slide+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Glass slide for DOING THEIR BIT (1918)</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjifUFcCwR6iaWUApKT6pAKViS2YI6DohKgAuZzoUHRfNu4yph5pu1rIOb-zE6UtUJIw3R3AVZTvTBaJaER-g_0e4qVb84wrMsJe_bd7FIs8F5SpkPwXKDFRYSW1PUsKuJzY-nlEju5yvx8/s725/ex+herald+july+27%252C+1918+doing+their+bit+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="725" data-original-width="433" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjifUFcCwR6iaWUApKT6pAKViS2YI6DohKgAuZzoUHRfNu4yph5pu1rIOb-zE6UtUJIw3R3AVZTvTBaJaER-g_0e4qVb84wrMsJe_bd7FIs8F5SpkPwXKDFRYSW1PUsKuJzY-nlEju5yvx8/w239-h400/ex+herald+july+27%252C+1918+doing+their+bit+pic.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A scene from DOING THEIR BIT (1918)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />DOING THEIR BIT afforded Jane and Katherine less screen time than the previous films, with less of the pranks they were famous for. This was also Kenean Buel's last picture with the Lee kids. Arvid E. Gillstrom would be their new director.<br /><br />Gillstrom was born in Sweden in 1889, and the following year his family immigrated to the States. He tried his hand at various jobs, until he stumbled into the movie business. He witnessed a film being shot on a four-masted schooner, in which the villain was going to do away with the hero and the girl by dynamiting the mast atop which they were perched. The hero and the girl were to save themselves by diving 80 feet into the water, even as the mast was being blown. The "girl" was actually a stuntman in drag. He lost his nerve, climbed down, and quit. The director offered $300 to anyone who would make the dive. Gillstrom, who had been earning $300 a month in his previous job, pondered a moment, then took up the offer. The stuntman playing the hero gave him a few tips, then the scene was shot. Gillstrom's dive was less than perfect, but the stuntman was impressed by his boldness and athleticism, and the two formed a partnership. A scene in a later film required Gillstrom, now a seasoned stuntman, to leap 17 feet from one 10-storey building to another. He barely made it, clinging to the ledge by his fingertips. He decided that directing would be a safer occupation. Gillstrom was already known for his comedies when Fox hired him to direct the Lee kids.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA1jyzMFC6PWpA-t0lowAPP4JchLFVsOEEAUok2IMopcaU1qZdogmvxDQoL-zAnvedfBkjCZzaxLbalPkDXncgkCzysrianffqgbkADRlacgloNsuuoOH7QrIFdSBn-3I_VYR8ufJUWfL1/s562/motion+picture+news+april+19%252C+1919+gillstrom+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="562" data-original-width="432" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA1jyzMFC6PWpA-t0lowAPP4JchLFVsOEEAUok2IMopcaU1qZdogmvxDQoL-zAnvedfBkjCZzaxLbalPkDXncgkCzysrianffqgbkADRlacgloNsuuoOH7QrIFdSBn-3I_VYR8ufJUWfL1/w308-h400/motion+picture+news+april+19%252C+1919+gillstrom+pic.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Arvid E. Gillstrom<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In 1918 Fox cut back Standard's 52-a-year policy to 26, but inaugurated new programmes, including Excel Pictures, released on a bi-weekly basis. Excel pictures offered higher standards, top stars, bigger directors and better stories, saving exhibitors "the embarrassment of apologising for a production's shortcomings." They also gave exhibitors a wide variety of genres in the programme, for the more diverse theatres. The remainder of Jane and Katherine's productions were transferred to the new Excel line, and were often shown with one of Fox's Sunshine Comedies or a 7-minute Mutt and Jeff cartoon.<br /><br />Their first picture with Gillstrom, SWAT THE SPY, was released September 29, 1918. Andrew Sheldon is a chemist working on a new type of explosive for the government. The girls accidentally help discover the formula by nudging their father's arm while he's mixing chemicals. The Sheldons' butler and cook, German spies, intend to steal the plans. The girls, through their mischievousness, upset them at every turn. Mrs Sheldon is pregnant, and Andrew Sheldon informs the girls that he's sending a request to God for a new addition to the family. Jane and Katherine, averse to the idea of having a baby brother, swipe what they believe is the envelope being sent to heaven, but unwittingly steal the weapon plans instead. While the family is busy with the new born baby, the spies secure what they believe is Sheldon's secret formula. Jane and Katherine overhear the plot while raiding the jam pantry forbidden to them, and, with the aid of some soldiers, pursue the spies. After a car chase, the butler tries to flee in a row boat, but is captured. Of course, the girls were in possession of the plans all along.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie2uoorcGsbMztRAIGU0s5hcVy2XpcxcQywxY7g9bep3szJzSnCvFE1fMSVJIaDieQOGmeFzsQ3m9k7gBKcICLhmpIn2RmEl5ozY4BkmE-RfSOde8NV_gNTCmKeUC3bV55p5ku9FabZInl/s2048/moving+picture+world+oct+5%252C+1918+swat+the+spy+ad+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1455" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie2uoorcGsbMztRAIGU0s5hcVy2XpcxcQywxY7g9bep3szJzSnCvFE1fMSVJIaDieQOGmeFzsQ3m9k7gBKcICLhmpIn2RmEl5ozY4BkmE-RfSOde8NV_gNTCmKeUC3bV55p5ku9FabZInl/w284-h400/moving+picture+world+oct+5%252C+1918+swat+the+spy+ad+2.jpg" width="284" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane swats the spy -- with a hammer! Circular inset: the girls on the steps of the Sub-Treasury Building (see below)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii7SGqvzKFgOakS9K11ycVC-KLf4JOkUo91sa0V08MgaXgsniWzYnbh12dVoaElmCNqFkXGWOd-DqriJebD8MCEdoB-3vLEbcpVrmdIm1bZJ20-NI_TNW7ViqsLOlqG4OC2B8nOnkbhuly/s1000/swat+the+spy+1918.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="778" data-original-width="1000" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii7SGqvzKFgOakS9K11ycVC-KLf4JOkUo91sa0V08MgaXgsniWzYnbh12dVoaElmCNqFkXGWOd-DqriJebD8MCEdoB-3vLEbcpVrmdIm1bZJ20-NI_TNW7ViqsLOlqG4OC2B8nOnkbhuly/w400-h311/swat+the+spy+1918.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br />SWAT THE SPY began shooting mid-August 1918 under the title "Go Get 'Em", and wrapped up a month later. On September 4, while Jane and Katherine were shooting scenes at the Sub-Treasury Building on Wall Street, a crowd of 3,000 gathered to watch and cheer as the girls mangled German spies in their own inimitable way. Spectators also caught a glimpse of the new posters for the Fourth Liberty Loan only weeks away.<br /><br />Liberty Loan Committee members were also present at the Sub-Treasury Building the day of filming. One of them asked the girls if they would buy a bond, and the girls exclaimed that they'd trade their baby brother for a bond. (In one of the scenes in SWAT THE SPY, Jane and Katherine attempt to swap their baby brother for a bond.) The committee immediately had photos of the girls taken with a baby, and posters of Jane and Katherine, emblazoned with the line, "We'll trade our baby brother for a bond!" were displayed across the country.</p><p>Jane and Katherine's baby brother was actually a two-week old girl named Dorothy, whom the sisters became infatuated with during the two days the baby was on set. They offered to buy Dorothy, but the mother's selling price of $250 was too steep, and more so when the girls were informed that the baby clothes weren't included. Katherine cradled the baby in her arms at every chance. Jane wasn't allowed, much to her chagrin. Katherine's wish was that their mother would get her and Jane two baby brothers, one for each of them. "Oh, they wouldn't bother her any," she said. "I'd take care of them all the time."<br /><br />A common mistake seen in newspaper ads was the title "Swat the Fly", but the movie did well nonetheless.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg82hLxTELPlRmwFnY6AYbZBDmp13TutsgVaWPFtUdfFQQWICzo2e8cZ4udpwiOWk-4rBTFFGUZ6Frg3y1xLjf68dCTs22H9uAu63xW0MSrneb8nd7UaalJ0A2zhvnaL4_2r-twAZYu3vCd/s948/swat+the+spy+lobby+card+4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="749" data-original-width="948" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg82hLxTELPlRmwFnY6AYbZBDmp13TutsgVaWPFtUdfFQQWICzo2e8cZ4udpwiOWk-4rBTFFGUZ6Frg3y1xLjf68dCTs22H9uAu63xW0MSrneb8nd7UaalJ0A2zhvnaL4_2r-twAZYu3vCd/w400-h316/swat+the+spy+lobby+card+4.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYKuSeUVYmF3ywtZ_hAWqXeTXlHIPSI1_xZLTsVjowM8-ECZoEirKnxPD5xSmjTF8Ow9sa19WktNhPbbFhWk-oaTsEsobxce-Z32dS5poXiOkF1WZMMKqx919tjC6YR-UbyZeTjEj1rUc2/s1271/swat+the+spy+lobby+card+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1003" data-original-width="1271" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYKuSeUVYmF3ywtZ_hAWqXeTXlHIPSI1_xZLTsVjowM8-ECZoEirKnxPD5xSmjTF8Ow9sa19WktNhPbbFhWk-oaTsEsobxce-Z32dS5poXiOkF1WZMMKqx919tjC6YR-UbyZeTjEj1rUc2/w400-h316/swat+the+spy+lobby+card+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine are literally in a jam<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></span><p><br />In their next movie, TELL IT TO THE MARINES, released November 17, 1918, Jane and Katherine are more impish than before, destroying their play room and almost scaring the butler to death by placing fire crackers in his pockets. They run around playing "war" with toy airplanes and toy guns, but as there are no Huns to attack, they turn their attention to their parents' guests, put dice in the minister's pocket, and see to it that everyone is soaking wet before they leave. The girls also take a miniature car for a joy ride through crowded streets, plow through a haystack and crash into a cow, from which they help themselves to a drink of milk. That night, Jane dreams about their adventures in the form of war, enacted by dolls and mechanical toys. Trik is the leader of the Allies, and Trak heads the Huns. Troops are inspected. Airplanes and zeppelins bombard a village from above, howitzers from the outskirts. Battles are fought with cannon. Scores of soldiers march through the rubble. Trak uses poison gas, and Trik uses a mobile bellows to suck it in. All manner of warfare is depicted. Jane wakes up and realises it was a dream.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr1fdxhdaQp8i4nXXJGHDP3c9IcX5ScGknyARzCypPcMgRWDnzvx2PBvRL6-VzBTlEjStuvHwGrzCY2kfhAFdBWc9tnJziK8sdg0NNmb1PHz9vsHrnYXI5kS3tRxAiWT1tlAwOvQ_wXRIx/s1665/tell+it+to+the+marines+one+sheet+2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1665" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr1fdxhdaQp8i4nXXJGHDP3c9IcX5ScGknyARzCypPcMgRWDnzvx2PBvRL6-VzBTlEjStuvHwGrzCY2kfhAFdBWc9tnJziK8sdg0NNmb1PHz9vsHrnYXI5kS3tRxAiWT1tlAwOvQ_wXRIx/w264-h400/tell+it+to+the+marines+one+sheet+2.jpg" width="264" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC8kZBr9k-UXw6v4qj1ZjK7JfHgSHAWZNfdxJqsPs3XKEAQMWzPlUOE5paGsRm_PKQ3ZefW2ajhnCSgFbB4xnJ6moL7PdSU1VD0QLyX85I9Kc6WhlalDAA9XXLaxG_m94_enCpSvU5yGxz/s973/photoplay+journal+jan+1919+race+car+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="806" data-original-width="973" height="331" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC8kZBr9k-UXw6v4qj1ZjK7JfHgSHAWZNfdxJqsPs3XKEAQMWzPlUOE5paGsRm_PKQ3ZefW2ajhnCSgFbB4xnJ6moL7PdSU1VD0QLyX85I9Kc6WhlalDAA9XXLaxG_m94_enCpSvU5yGxz/w400-h331/photoplay+journal+jan+1919+race+car+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Licence and registration? What's that?"<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />The dream sequence comprising the last two of the movie's five reels employed the use of stop motion animation. It's fantastic scale and detail was the result of a year's worth of meticulous planning and labour. But Arvid Gillstrom had nothing to do with it. The sequence was taken from a 1917 Italian film, LA GUERRA E IL SOGNO DI MOMI ("The War and Momi's Dream"), which had a limited release in the U.S. in December of 1917 under the title MOMI'S DREAM, and in the following summer as OUTWITTING THE HUN. In the original film, the mechanical toy war is also a child's dream, influenced by a letter from his father, battling at the front.<br /><br />The credits for the film are disputed. Some contemporary accounts give sole credit to Italian director Giovanni Pastrone, whose two hour epic, CABIRIA, was an international sensation in 1914. Others credit Spanish director Segundo de Chomon, or reckon that it was a collaboration between the two, with Chomon responsible for the animation. New York producer Harry Raver imported the film for distribution, but at 40 minutes it was a hard sell, being too long for a short, and too short for a feature. Raver sold the rights to Fox, and Gillstrom inserted it into a picture without a plot. In TELL IT TO THE MARINES, Jane and Katherine had by far the least screen time of any movie in the Baby Grands series.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHnP3YK0Pgt0rgCWiR8JApkSh7RIDToNRDHCWwNcP_8i6X-mQoQoWOrXPL4a7ukx6-WRb4tVfimUp1g9K_lRfd3UoJhsHDMworrroNGBK1XX_PpSuiBYU-FvxnSmwP1Jj-5FlEUjKwEwgf/s1200/motion+picture+news+nov+23%252C+1918+smiles+article+good%252C+marines+pic+with+automatons+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="734" data-original-width="1200" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHnP3YK0Pgt0rgCWiR8JApkSh7RIDToNRDHCWwNcP_8i6X-mQoQoWOrXPL4a7ukx6-WRb4tVfimUp1g9K_lRfd3UoJhsHDMworrroNGBK1XX_PpSuiBYU-FvxnSmwP1Jj-5FlEUjKwEwgf/w400-h245/motion+picture+news+nov+23%252C+1918+smiles+article+good%252C+marines+pic+with+automatons+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane with Trik and Trak, promoting TELL IT TO THE MARINES (1918)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Jane and Katherine's eighth and final feature was the only one filmed at Fox's growing west coast studio, located in Los Angeles on Western Avenue, near Sunset Boulevard. The Lees left New York on October 9 and arrived October 16. Irene had no desire to make the move, having spent twenty years in Manhattan. "I do hope I'll like it here," she said to a friend who met them at the train station. Katherine tried to cheer her up: "Never mind, mother. There's a Broadway in Los Angeles." During the taxi ride from the station, Katherine grew excited by the alien foliage: "Oh, look, mother, they have palms on Broadway. We haven't anything like that in New York."<br /><br />Despite Katherine's optimism, the family was greeted with bad news: due to the Spanish flu, theatres were closed, and all movie production companies greatly reduced their activities. Production on Jane and Katherine's next movie was suspended for four weeks. They were laid off, as were the cast and crew of other Fox companies.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpY8aVhm7tUa-43arfXM-0te73bWVUAv54QB2XU_J8xy6-ZPk8mHv1-n2Ff6aVODr6D_BbzlPQoTufEua7DUPIlB3fVXAEOhvt1iERW5dQDoktCEBYhTrAQZwBWzO0-LS5Lb1D6BqnNRj-/s1265/katherine+and+jane+typewriter+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1265" data-original-width="1000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpY8aVhm7tUa-43arfXM-0te73bWVUAv54QB2XU_J8xy6-ZPk8mHv1-n2Ff6aVODr6D_BbzlPQoTufEua7DUPIlB3fVXAEOhvt1iERW5dQDoktCEBYhTrAQZwBWzO0-LS5Lb1D6BqnNRj-/w316-h400/katherine+and+jane+typewriter+2.jpg" width="316" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>1916: Katherine and Jane's favourite pastimes were reading the funnies and typing<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Despite getting bit on the nose by Theda Bara's Russian wolfhound, Jane loved dogs, and at the end of October she lost her little brindle bulldog. The Lees placed an ad in the L.A. Herald offering a "suitable reward", giving the Fox studios as the address to return it. Earlier in the year while filming in Georgia, Jane disappeared while the cast and crew were boarding a train. As the train was to leave in three minutes, Kenean Buel sent everyone in every direction. At last she returned with "a pitiful looking little mongrel." She wouldn't part with the pooch, so it was taken aboard.<br /><br />While filming the CLEMENCEAU CASE, Jane insisted on bringing her kitten to the studio every day. But her obsession with animals really began while she and Katherine were filming A DAUGHTER OF THE GODS. She'd brought a trunk filled with her cherished dolls to Jamaica, but forsook them when she encountered the menagerie being used for the film. Jane's requests for a pet were refused by her mother: a Saint Bernard, a baby elephant, an alligator. The toddler was understanding when it came to Jabez, the baby elephant: "Jabez weighs a lot and Mamma's afraid he'll step on me. He's a little large for a house pet and kinda unhandy." Annette Kellerman consoled Jane with a baby swan, but Irene wouldn't allow her to sleep with it. She also kept a horned toad as a pet. Her doll, Lulu, was jealous of the swan and the toad, according to Jane, and would cry when she played with them. For some reason Jane loathed the small monkey used in A WIFE'S SACRIFICE. Stuart Holmes played Peppo, a despicable villain, and Jane was livid in a scene where she had to give a coin to Peppo's monkey.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirOtL1zAycF0YXNT8dQ9LUyrTgkMzOOqnIj_Y11yFVMSVMlB7sQ0nA6P3G9VisII6csetirsPPr1sVkEjvp2BpMO9SBFMy34wiWqx2XuqFuN2Y5ER4y-HAQ-1jOq5juSG9ZbyJiGa_Y5VL/s1097/jane+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1097" data-original-width="712" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirOtL1zAycF0YXNT8dQ9LUyrTgkMzOOqnIj_Y11yFVMSVMlB7sQ0nA6P3G9VisII6csetirsPPr1sVkEjvp2BpMO9SBFMy34wiWqx2XuqFuN2Y5ER4y-HAQ-1jOq5juSG9ZbyJiGa_Y5VL/w260-h400/jane+2.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Tinted version of a popular photo<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Work commenced on the movie, tentatively titled "Keep Smiling", late in November. Jane and Katherine's father is battling at the front, and they're being looked after by the housekeeper, who is relieved when Aunt Lucille offers to take the girls. The housekeeper covers Jane and Katherine in stamps and sends them by parcel post. The postman places the girls in a sack. The housekeeper refused to pay postage for the dog, and it chases after them. Jane hides him in the bag. Their aunt takes them to Restwell, New Jersey, hoping that the excitement of the ocean will distract them from their mischievous activity. At a hotel lobby Jane and Katherine create grotesque shadows on the wall for the benefit of a guest named Al K. Hall, who is terrified. They play checkers on the lobby floor using the guests' hats, and get into more antics on the fire escape. They take an airplane for a joy ride when Katherine accidentally starts the motor. When their dog falls on one of the levers, the plane dives towards a building, but lands safely on the roof, where the girls perform more stunts. Anticipating a spanking, Jane hides a horseshoe under her overalls. Aunt Lucille is at her wits end with Jane and Katherine's pranks. She also breaks off her engagement to Captain Tom Hayes, who she believes is a slacker for having retired from the army. Tom is actually now in the secret service, developing a radio mine to blow up U-boats. The secret service is searching for a German spy known as the Gray Swan. An opera singer, Madame Yelba, and her confederate, Wagner, steal Tom's invention, and Jane and Katherine reveal her to be the elusive Gray Swan, and help capture her. When Lucille is informed that Tom is doing important work for the government, she reunites with him.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoYTrVde7q8ttV7rR1OucghDcR08iicb2gjPyEpw1jW3kHGfVHD3XY1FAZr8CKApP85bHmmHSH03O5ORfO6FhPztwNTucnCkFvNSEjc93AwIGVIF8FYfJlsjflNsC1OqfexFfxT2_lfml-/s1500/smiles+glass+slide+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1216" data-original-width="1500" height="324" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoYTrVde7q8ttV7rR1OucghDcR08iicb2gjPyEpw1jW3kHGfVHD3XY1FAZr8CKApP85bHmmHSH03O5ORfO6FhPztwNTucnCkFvNSEjc93AwIGVIF8FYfJlsjflNsC1OqfexFfxT2_lfml-/w400-h324/smiles+glass+slide+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Glass slide for SMILES (1919)</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt-g62Jb8M103dnV2RfRJcL8fBxJpgUBbIq6M7yf9eBinW-qV32ybuP6om6AGlHaXPZpymqaw8q4kjzkno3H8-1fNdmdNY6WSx1DZcrowZROYRalXViHI9fDZG62kaWlwxsTuAFL_k_Tyo/s2045/motion+picture+news+feb+15%252C+1919+smiles+full+page+ad+2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2045" data-original-width="1487" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt-g62Jb8M103dnV2RfRJcL8fBxJpgUBbIq6M7yf9eBinW-qV32ybuP6om6AGlHaXPZpymqaw8q4kjzkno3H8-1fNdmdNY6WSx1DZcrowZROYRalXViHI9fDZG62kaWlwxsTuAFL_k_Tyo/w291-h400/motion+picture+news+feb+15%252C+1919+smiles+full+page+ad+2.jpg" width="291" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Katherine breathlessly described some of her and Jane's activity in the film: "We have stamps put on us like letters, and we get put in a mail sack and sent away in the mail, and we get grabbed by a grabber that reaches out and grabs us as the train goes by at sixty miles an hour; and we put mice in a man's hat and do -- oh, all sorts of the loveliest things!" They also get to push Kewpie Morgan, a rather large comedic actor, into a bathtub. Jane was bitten by one of the mice as she picked it up by the tail, but like a true professional she finished the scene and cried afterwards, while her wound was tended to.<br /></p><p>If Jane thought acting was work, rather than a vacation, Katherine was of an opposite mind: "It isn't really work at all, the theatre or the movies. It's just play. We play almost like we do in real life, except we are allowed to do things we never would dare do at home. So you see it is even more fun."<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9lO57PpVACieD7Y2HlKichcx1s_6i_NE22AQoRQCZbwVRRGADZz9Qr4xqgagts7LApVDOgzoS60GYdPAQf-G87bNuYQl5LRq6d4f4O77_xxmusjBy1QO4aoUI_AjbWLOpifJhuCNg-hom/s800/motion+picture+news+march+1%252C+1919+smiles+pic%252C+mailbag+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="678" data-original-width="800" height="339" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9lO57PpVACieD7Y2HlKichcx1s_6i_NE22AQoRQCZbwVRRGADZz9Qr4xqgagts7LApVDOgzoS60GYdPAQf-G87bNuYQl5LRq6d4f4O77_xxmusjBy1QO4aoUI_AjbWLOpifJhuCNg-hom/w400-h339/motion+picture+news+march+1%252C+1919+smiles+pic%252C+mailbag+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine wasn't foolin' when she said they were grabbed by grabbers that reached out and grabbed them; if you look closely, you can see Teddy's head sticking out of the bag; scene from SMILES (1919)<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />While filming SMILES (as the movie was eventually titled), Jane and Katherine went up in an airplane for the first time, flying over L.A. It was an unplanned flight. The scene called for the girls to climb into the cockpit, and it was impossible to get them out.<br /><br />Work was briefly halted in December until Jane could recover from an abscess. Filming finished on SMILES in mid-January, and it was released February 23, 1919, a month later than scheduled. Notwithstanding the airplane scene in SMILES, writer Ralph H. Spence claims to have eschewed slapstick comedy: "I have depended entirely upon situations to provide the laughs. I have studiously avoided unnatural, improbable and impossible incidents, and the only place that custard pie appears in the play is on the dining table." The film was marketed as "the first musical comedy of the screen", each scene timed to fit a popular tune, with 30 of the 130 sub-titles acting as cues for the orchestra. SMILES was one of the best in the "Baby Grands" series. It was also the last feature Jane and Katherine would appear in.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtXE6tjnFaJ2TByalXb9xBeHI1F8U4N-5CQYDF0dUEHWrag5QgNzSA03Dt3nW4-ErhYH9_3JbmLWOtzULMJZ3rA-2dnelR61oj2MV-LAGg5h1_YndYI59QHRiT3D_LxoPgqnqoVUTTy7fu/s842/motion+picture+news+feb+22%252C+1919+smiles+pic+with+dog.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="663" data-original-width="842" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtXE6tjnFaJ2TByalXb9xBeHI1F8U4N-5CQYDF0dUEHWrag5QgNzSA03Dt3nW4-ErhYH9_3JbmLWOtzULMJZ3rA-2dnelR61oj2MV-LAGg5h1_YndYI59QHRiT3D_LxoPgqnqoVUTTy7fu/w400-h315/motion+picture+news+feb+22%252C+1919+smiles+pic+with+dog.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane, with Teddy, in SMILES (1919), their last feature, and their last film for Fox<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In January of 1919, it was reported that Jane and Katherine's contract with Fox would expire in May, and that it would not be renewed. Fox severed ties with the girls by reason of their poor box office returns, stating that when Jane and Katherine were given their own starring vehicles in 1917, there was a big demand for kid features, but that the public response was less than enthusiastic.</p><p>Jane and Katherine related a very different story when interviewed in 1936. Their first movie, TWO LITTLE IMPS, grossed "over $1,000,000 on a total investment of $18,000. And for that we received a combined salary of $150 a week." When Irene realised how much money Jane and Katherine's movies were making, she demanded $300 a week. Fox refused, and the relationship ended. Jane and Katherine fulfilled their contractual obligations, including personal appearances and other publicity stunts, and in May Irene took the girls back to New York.<br /><br />Jane and Katherine were quite mistaken about that million dollar figure, but their memory was more or less intact about their salary. Still, in 1919 the Lee girls were ranked #7 in the top money making stars annual poll for the previous year's box office receipts, gleaned from exhibitor reports published in the "What the Picture Did for Me" section of Exhibitors Herald magazine. Five of Jane and Katherine's eight movies were released in 1918, so Fox wasn't being forthcoming in claiming that the reason for not renewing the contract was that the Baby Grands weren't performing well at the box office. <br /><br />Another $150 a week doesn't seem unreasonable. Aside from their acting work, Jane and Katherine were kept constantly busy promoting their Fox movies, with innumerable personal appearances on stage and at benefits, balls, parties and other events around the country. And somehow they managed to find time to sell war bonds and perform at benefits for soldiers. Those little girls deserved better treatment from Fox.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwgyW5UDTLkobDpmZAYgxpOhyphenhyphenAwEdvD8t10UaNaqGgRdPECvgf5dY6dgefPlz7W1KOvtxxWc5l_AB_bgHeyRvk7n0tvGtcbk5BBxua6G9XuiO4VDLyQrPvqqLg_B2E5bk82nhbcfyb19ww/s590/moving+picture+world+jan+18%252C+1919+pic+with+kids+and+gillstrom.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="433" data-original-width="590" height="294" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwgyW5UDTLkobDpmZAYgxpOhyphenhyphenAwEdvD8t10UaNaqGgRdPECvgf5dY6dgefPlz7W1KOvtxxWc5l_AB_bgHeyRvk7n0tvGtcbk5BBxua6G9XuiO4VDLyQrPvqqLg_B2E5bk82nhbcfyb19ww/w400-h294/moving+picture+world+jan+18%252C+1919+pic+with+kids+and+gillstrom.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine, with Gillstrom; they weren't all SMILES in this photo, possibly because they knew the end was near<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />An interesting article was published in Variety in 1918, ostensibly a review of WE SHOULD WORRY, but a criticism of Fox's failure to see Jane and Katherine Lee's talent and potential. The writer wondered how Fox, who "is acknowledged to know his business...does not take them away, give them the attention they deserve and develop the Lees into a kidlet attraction through booming and billing that no other kids could breast.<br /><br />"These Lees are not a Chaplin, Pickford or Fairbanks, to be copied or imitated -- they are just freak babies -- freaks, because they have extraordinary sagacity, unparalleled precociousness (for their age), unexampled intelligence for ones so young in the work they are performing, and a natural ability that could never be instilled in kidlets of their size and years if it weren't a gift.<br /><br />"They are a certain proposition. Fox, his directors, scenario writers, and the rest of the Fox staff, may either or all say they contribute so much to any feature the Lee kids are in, but they are all wrong. They do nothing. The Lees do everything, for the Lee children have everything all their elders could not possibly have when it comes down to performing in a picture.<br /><br />"They are great kids, the greatest and most genuine actors before the picture camera of the present day. They are young, innocent, pure, untouched by vanity or ambition, naturally natural, and could be exploited into the most certain drawing card an exhibitor could have."<br /><br />As soon as the Lees arrived in New York, Jane and Katherine performed at the Elks Lodge No. 1, on West 43rd Street, near Broadway. A number of other acts entertained the members of the private club, including Hoey and Lee. It may have been the only time Jane and Katherine were on the same bill as their namesake. In July, Hoey and Lee performed together for the last time.<br /><br />On May 22, 1919, Jane and Katherine Lee formed their own film company, signing a one year contract with Louis T. Rogers. Rogers had been a sales manager for the Fox Film Corporation since its inception, quitting in the fall of 1916 and subsequently suing for $1800 owed for extra work as Canadian sales manager. Lou's brother, Gustavus A. Rogers, a well-known lawyer in New York, had been William Fox's business partner in their theatre days. The law firm Rogers and Rogers (Gustavus and another brother, Saul), were Fox's long-time attorneys. One wonders if they recused themselves from their brother's case against Fox, assuming their services were even needed for the trial. Following his departure from Fox, Lou worked in similar sales capacities for Lewis J. Selznick, followed by the Famous Players-Lasky Corporation, the latter of which he quit to form the independent Rogers Film Corporation, confident in his ability to make the Lee sisters an even greater phenomenon than they had been at Fox.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2o1Xz-6wNRE6yQkgCE_NuWeEBT9sKAUyJiTEl5xMxmaiWIjGoen6u_L9xrmvM263mWEO8BusCiJRMZ1XkQM5tG4Hx1U8Y3naK6i1F8ElhXgFvRlXcG4XBW5TZ7W6MFwN-lf5mZhzKa3x-/s868/film+daily+june+25%252C+1919+rogers+ad%252C+pics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="868" data-original-width="708" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2o1Xz-6wNRE6yQkgCE_NuWeEBT9sKAUyJiTEl5xMxmaiWIjGoen6u_L9xrmvM263mWEO8BusCiJRMZ1XkQM5tG4Hx1U8Y3naK6i1F8ElhXgFvRlXcG4XBW5TZ7W6MFwN-lf5mZhzKa3x-/w326-h400/film+daily+june+25%252C+1919+rogers+ad%252C+pics.jpg" width="326" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Fox had his "Baby Grands", Rogers had his "Infant-ry"; early ad, June 1919<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgliXOEj359-mfn7ATOP5h8gy6GRjRvsN2Uw1DGCzDSFya82QXf6wxYUysQp2zigpn7fG_4fFPWd7GGmnksw8wHUt6vdtnHml50AywvPnKWF9_4p-6V7iuZpoD81VCDshfZUS8f_tXzpXXT/s1726/ex+herald+and+motography+aug+2%252C+1919+full+page+rogers+ad+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1726" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgliXOEj359-mfn7ATOP5h8gy6GRjRvsN2Uw1DGCzDSFya82QXf6wxYUysQp2zigpn7fG_4fFPWd7GGmnksw8wHUt6vdtnHml50AywvPnKWF9_4p-6V7iuZpoD81VCDshfZUS8f_tXzpXXT/w278-h400/ex+herald+and+motography+aug+2%252C+1919+full+page+rogers+ad+2.jpg" width="278" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Another early ad, from Exhibitors Herald, August 2, 1919; the drawing hints at what's to come in their first Rogers release, THE CIRCUS IMPS (1920); the human skeleton, the bearded lady (riding the camel) and the fat lady are some of the "freaks" in the film</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />The plan was to produce a series of twelve 2-reel comedies, released one per month. "It was after much consideration that we decided to make two-reelers," Rogers said in a statement of his intentions, "as after a personal campaign to the exhibitors all over the country, and we based our plans on their replies." The pictures would be brief enough to allow Jane and Katherine to "carry on throughout the picture with a snap and vivacity which an offering of greater length would make impossible..." He also proudly proclaimed that they were giving these 2-reelers "as much attention, work and material" as they would a 5-reel feature: "In story selection, direction and general treatment of production no pains or expense are being spared to make of the Lee playlets an attraction as unique and different from the general class of comedy as the young principals are themselves unique among motion picture stars." Rogers promised "a happy medium of comedy and plot". The idea was "proving especially popular with exhibitors", who "from all quarters of the country have wired or written to be listed as applicants for the series as soon as same shall be released. Not a few applicants have pointed out that the 'Lee Kiddies' are well and popularly known in their district, in many cases having appeared personally on their stages."<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNlbrqS_Y91KXRgSpUhDQmogT4q7qTf5DlyQM6rD30e0YZSDpZlCr9Rt2VIeukh0b-O5JtM1ILKBTOsXPrnsRU2kWdf21crsNHiKbG1NybWprsDIYHoq_EEUZEn1GYdJcg8w43iDFzbDkf/s1612/motion+picture+news+aug+30%252C+1919+ad+campaign+pg1b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1612" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNlbrqS_Y91KXRgSpUhDQmogT4q7qTf5DlyQM6rD30e0YZSDpZlCr9Rt2VIeukh0b-O5JtM1ILKBTOsXPrnsRU2kWdf21crsNHiKbG1NybWprsDIYHoq_EEUZEn1GYdJcg8w43iDFzbDkf/w298-h400/motion+picture+news+aug+30%252C+1919+ad+campaign+pg1b.jpg" width="298" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Expensive 4-page insert from Motion Picture News, August 30, 1919; Rogers swiped all the pics from Fox</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR9EEwwAvhZh2UwXMJhCrSeVexwX11AbMgnn-RpqszBKD9rHOQNRwkN0C2wMJQX9Cl_GM-LatVy90iFGFJYghwCrjlLp3GZ73vkbDNN1PcOlq3GdNIyGyyPc93399CjST3iCTpyt3l7Oh9/s2048/motion+picture+news+aug+30%252C+1919+ad+campaign+2%252C+3b.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1360" data-original-width="2048" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR9EEwwAvhZh2UwXMJhCrSeVexwX11AbMgnn-RpqszBKD9rHOQNRwkN0C2wMJQX9Cl_GM-LatVy90iFGFJYghwCrjlLp3GZ73vkbDNN1PcOlq3GdNIyGyyPc93399CjST3iCTpyt3l7Oh9/w400-h265/motion+picture+news+aug+30%252C+1919+ad+campaign+2%252C+3b.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7jWa_ofryjHL7rwY4qwEP4Kse8-1jgFWIIqqNcMxTepXT0lc3llfkXy2dH-70XbftffFNpB9371kNOzJIze2hks3LbtdZtiNuA0ecsGwPgb1TM1-dJ44PiW9C47p6KVuwsD2_XIycMNqM/s1574/motion+picture+news+aug+30%252C+1919+ad+campaign+pg4b.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1574" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7jWa_ofryjHL7rwY4qwEP4Kse8-1jgFWIIqqNcMxTepXT0lc3llfkXy2dH-70XbftffFNpB9371kNOzJIze2hks3LbtdZtiNuA0ecsGwPgb1TM1-dJ44PiW9C47p6KVuwsD2_XIycMNqM/s320/motion+picture+news+aug+30%252C+1919+ad+campaign+pg4b.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Fan mail had been pouring in since it was announced that Jane and Katherine would no longer be working at Fox. The girls couldn't possibly answer their queries personally, so they had postcards made up, with their picture in a medallion, accompanied by their signatures, and a statement of their future plans. Exhibitors also wanted to know when their next film would be ready. Rogers finally announced a date: September 1, 1919.<br /><br />Their first movie, which started filming mid-June at the Erbograph studio in Fort Lee, had the bizarre working title of "Freaks in Oil". Playwright Phillip Bartholomae wrote the story. Charles Harbaugh was set to direct, but was replaced by Tefft Johnson, a stage and screen actor. Johnson was known for his work with children, having directed the "Sonny Jim" series of one-reelers for Vitagraph in 1914 and 1915. Bobby Connelly played the title character, with Johnson in a supporting role as his father. Johnson started his own short-lived company, the Tefft Johnson Film Corporation, producing and directing three "Sonny Boy" comedies. Sonny Boy was played by Willie Johnson (no relation), with Tefft Johnson as "Daddy Dear", and Mabel Kelly as "Mommy Dear". These one-reel plays were all too familiar, and the prospective "one a week" series never took off. Tefft Johnson then joined Fox's stable of directors, before moving on to World Film, where he directed another child star, Madge Evans.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMZrdO0xKWQKvilFTGfAn-49HOLUTmjwbOwixfVIDmoFyiFww_Hj-74UJoJdPjm2dlyD8vegUaRcs2oEeZeGlgihXz-8AmKY7SW8Zw9nSI1V0cgH5gukL24Wbm5efKiYgYOuAcBqbqpW9r/s1058/motion+picture+story+magazine+sept+1911+tefft+johnson+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1058" data-original-width="827" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMZrdO0xKWQKvilFTGfAn-49HOLUTmjwbOwixfVIDmoFyiFww_Hj-74UJoJdPjm2dlyD8vegUaRcs2oEeZeGlgihXz-8AmKY7SW8Zw9nSI1V0cgH5gukL24Wbm5efKiYgYOuAcBqbqpW9r/w313-h400/motion+picture+story+magazine+sept+1911+tefft+johnson+pic.jpg" width="313" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Director Tefft Johnson<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />On the first day of shooting, children gathered outside the studio, clamouring to see Jane and Katherine at work, their efforts thwarted by security. Jane and Katherine play the daughters of Tom Lee, who manages the freak show at a circus, which included George Dowling, the British giant, a clown, a living skeleton, a fat lady, a bearded lady, a dwarf, a dog-faced boy, and others. The film also involved oil wells. The fitting but injudicious working title, "Freaks in Oil", was dispensed with, as CIRCUS IMPS was decided upon.<br /><br />Katherine was especially excited about the new series: "We're going to make two-reel comedies, you know," she told an interviewer in June, "and Mr Rogers says we'll be able to know how people like them in three months. I hope they like them because we love to make them. We think they're going to be very good -- at least, we're trying awfully hard to make them funny."<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFJE1hzN-VxKXN8pA9Kfmw2wJsf7t_NN09CFBvAUaGH3xPds21gwsOvSDIbOzdk3zWbK7Yx43gE4Y0sNSOb8WV-PJSrY1YQkWt_RE-wWbf3tYbkNAvI-5LT8UnF1rxg0OT3PXLyBlIcf0G/s1643/motion+picture+news+sept+13%252C+1919+rogers+ad+campaign+pg1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1643" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFJE1hzN-VxKXN8pA9Kfmw2wJsf7t_NN09CFBvAUaGH3xPds21gwsOvSDIbOzdk3zWbK7Yx43gE4Y0sNSOb8WV-PJSrY1YQkWt_RE-wWbf3tYbkNAvI-5LT8UnF1rxg0OT3PXLyBlIcf0G/w293-h400/motion+picture+news+sept+13%252C+1919+rogers+ad+campaign+pg1.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Another expensive 4-page insert, from Motion Picture News, September 13, 1919; Rogers was still using old photos from Jane and Katherine's Fox films<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7VSMimRghwT6UN7rmsx-7vemyjlEeBUZBk0KCPs0BQwYgUq6Gh7hhEapgFoXUj6_eZG8jmXYpw9pmyyWYA4FowKP7mumC8n9BWLJ_9xQxyvTSD0Lo06tJbuAke4_PmxPdB2H9keaZxwKo/s2048/motion+picture+news+sept+13%252C+1919+rogers+ad+campaign+pg+2%252C+3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1388" data-original-width="2048" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7VSMimRghwT6UN7rmsx-7vemyjlEeBUZBk0KCPs0BQwYgUq6Gh7hhEapgFoXUj6_eZG8jmXYpw9pmyyWYA4FowKP7mumC8n9BWLJ_9xQxyvTSD0Lo06tJbuAke4_PmxPdB2H9keaZxwKo/w400-h271/motion+picture+news+sept+13%252C+1919+rogers+ad+campaign+pg+2%252C+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVzPzwAd127Qw4_UU63jJZvyWUqT_RkqvnMpx8aeCA_rZwdABBLtHVTHLrfMJkyIXIv4B0AYj9nJXA4TqgfR9CXl3f70pIDy6W5sDFtXGsaHkW_z4PvN4kTVs0rh8qibBIuu72gXWANLpF/s1617/motion+picture+news+sept+13%252C+1919+rogers+ad+campaign+pg4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1617" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVzPzwAd127Qw4_UU63jJZvyWUqT_RkqvnMpx8aeCA_rZwdABBLtHVTHLrfMJkyIXIv4B0AYj9nJXA4TqgfR9CXl3f70pIDy6W5sDFtXGsaHkW_z4PvN4kTVs0rh8qibBIuu72gXWANLpF/w296-h400/motion+picture+news+sept+13%252C+1919+rogers+ad+campaign+pg4.jpg" width="296" /></a></div><br /><p><br />So confident was Irene Lee in their latest venture that she bought a new Lexington, which she used to drive the kids to the studio. Rogers was just as optimistic, and began an advertising campaign unprecedented for 2-reel shorts. He placed 4-page inserts in the popular trade magazine, Motion Picture News. As Fox had advertised the girls as the "Baby Grands", so too did Rogers come up with a nickname for his two little stars: "The Infant-ry". Where that pun originated is hard to say, but it was used in 1918 when Private Irving Berlin arranged the entertainment for the soldiers at Camp Upton, of which Jane and Katherine took part. In introducing the Lee kids, stage actor Grant Mitchell said, "And now, as this is truly a military affair, I take great pleasure in presenting the infantry." Rogers promised much more: tie-ups with products, to be advertised nationally; billboards; and even electric signs in the best spots money could buy.<br /><br />Things were moving at a rapid pace. They finished CIRCUS IMPS early in August, and immediately began work on their second film, DIXIE MADCAPS, which had a handful of working titles with the word "Dixie" in them. Once again, Tefft Johnson directed and Philip Bartholemae wrote the scenario. While Jane and Katherine were busy filming, CIRCUS IMPS was being cut and titled, the release date fast approaching.</p><p>During the filming of DIXIE MADCAPS, Katherine and "Mr Rogers" played a trick on Jane, to get her riled up for a scene in which Jane strikes her sister with a whip. Katherine told the story a few days later: "It wasn't in the script at all, but when she hit me, instead of walking out as she expected, I turned on her and smashed her hat down over her eyes and told her just what I thought of her, and all the time the camera was grinding and Mr Rogers and Tefft Johnson, our director, were laughing, and Jane didn't know that she was working. She thought I was quarrelling with her." Jane had something to say about it: "Well, I don't care, no one will know that when they see the picture. They will merely think that I am a good actress. And I think that is the desire of all actresses -- to be thought good." <br /><br />It wasn't the first time Jane was tricked into getting emotional for the camera. In 1915 Herbert Brenon told the three-year-old he didn't love her anymore and would replace her with another little girl. She burst into tears.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFg4w2MZr0p4WsO9PkD07BIdgPhPTXCUZ2hv9OF9CzzDRjs0mtRjG0MZEpojo5vuTtc-wsQrXwPd6zha6p9E4U-pXtC7yzNaRRjn1CUCq4Y588NohqAaiZwvtWQoNbumgMNAIxH2p9CatE/s762/motion+picture+news+aug+2%252C+1919+rogers+interview%252C+good%252C+race+car+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="543" data-original-width="762" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFg4w2MZr0p4WsO9PkD07BIdgPhPTXCUZ2hv9OF9CzzDRjs0mtRjG0MZEpojo5vuTtc-wsQrXwPd6zha6p9E4U-pXtC7yzNaRRjn1CUCq4Y588NohqAaiZwvtWQoNbumgMNAIxH2p9CatE/w400-h285/motion+picture+news+aug+2%252C+1919+rogers+interview%252C+good%252C+race+car+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine greet race car driver Ralph De Palma, 1919</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Katherine described an average work day: "We get up at seven o'clock, report at the studio at 9, work until lunch hour, then run up to our rooms, where it is nice and cool. The studio lights are very annoying, you know, and give a terrible heart, so we are glad to escape to our rooms at noon. Then we have a ham sandwich and huckleberry pie." They work again till five o'clock, then go home.<br /><br />Strange that Katherine would say "we have a ham sandwich", considering Jane was vegetarian, something Irene instilled in her. Katherine confirmed Jane's diet in an interview conducted at a restaurant during the filming of DIXIE MADCAPS: "I shall have some cold consomme and some roast lamb with mint sauce, and Jane will have some baked bluefish. She doesn't eat meat." Jane's favourite was noodles, and though she rarely ate candy, she could stuff herself with dessert. When filming SMILES, cakes were ordered from a restaurant for a banquet scene. Afterwards, when most of the cast and crew had vacated the set, Jane devoured the cakes, as well as some peach pie and gooseberry jam.<br /><br />Jane admitted that making CIRCUS IMPS was "lots of fun", and that their new 2-reelers were "awfully funny. We get to laughing over them all the time when we're working."<br /><br />Unfortunately, something went wrong. Lou Rogers found himself a little financially embarrassed. He couldn't finish DIXIE MADCAPS, nor could he pay Jane and Katherine their due salary. Rogers' edict, that no expense shall be spared, was his undoing. Aside from the advertising blitz, he contracted future stories from well-known authors, for which he paid top dollar. He rented studio space at Erbograph and Solax in Fort Lee, and a studio in Yonkers. Exteriors for DIXIE MADCAPS were filmed in Long Island, and in Georgia, for some genuine southern atmosphere, as called for by the story. In CIRCUS IMPS, they filmed at Oil City and the Bradford oil fields in Pennsylvania; in Woonsocket, Rhode Island for a week with the Sells Floto Circus; and for a scene calling for the christening of a ship at the Newark shipyards, Rogers could have used a bottle filled with water, but paid for an expensive bottle of champagne instead, to make it "authentic". Rogers had his film crew get rid of whatever equipment they were using, and buy state of the art cameras. Nothing was too good for his two little stars.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGjLqBV5mqAQde1AM-kA0-8MmEvgfddRAE3cMlFxahsXARhV0FMGwl80d6iheIGZl7cCgqoNgQ0zPHJ-kLO9IuwCa4SvODep8EBR6UbFKH6f20bikCWzZtqcp4SW6bnpHz0wvyzk_kdkHd/s1642/motion+picture+news+sept+27%252C+1919+rogers+ad+1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1642" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGjLqBV5mqAQde1AM-kA0-8MmEvgfddRAE3cMlFxahsXARhV0FMGwl80d6iheIGZl7cCgqoNgQ0zPHJ-kLO9IuwCa4SvODep8EBR6UbFKH6f20bikCWzZtqcp4SW6bnpHz0wvyzk_kdkHd/w293-h400/motion+picture+news+sept+27%252C+1919+rogers+ad+1.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>2-page insert from Motion Picture News, September 27, 1919</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi98TvD6Z5jSq9f133sNEIL-FQTJvjbqccMPfN1FppFAASmYVNrQMfuPaRg7QQrGD1Ygao3vRLBtILgj9cz5EbzJzePYVWUHj39C16_YjI4ayj_U4dOmuoKe-HQvSjLB_TxEQWzR5Sj-rLU/s1586/motion+picture+news+sept+27%252C+1919+rogers+ad+2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1586" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi98TvD6Z5jSq9f133sNEIL-FQTJvjbqccMPfN1FppFAASmYVNrQMfuPaRg7QQrGD1Ygao3vRLBtILgj9cz5EbzJzePYVWUHj39C16_YjI4ayj_U4dOmuoKe-HQvSjLB_TxEQWzR5Sj-rLU/w303-h400/motion+picture+news+sept+27%252C+1919+rogers+ad+2.jpg" width="303" /></a></div><br /><p><br />September 1, 1919 came and went, without the release of a new "Baby Grands" or, rather, "Infant-ry" movie. That month, Irene lent Rogers the money to finish DIXIE MADCAPS. She summarily resigned from her position in the Rogers Film Corporation, perhaps acutely aware that the ship was sinking. Rogers didn't give up so easily. In October, a third picture was in pre-production. Skating was involved in the plot, with stunts and acrobatics, and Jane and Katherine were undergoing a rigorous training from a "well known expert". Their movies at Fox required them to do stunts, and Irene always made sure the children did a half hour of exercise every morning, as soon as they got out of bed. The third picture was never filmed.</p><p>What happened next was a mess. Lou Rogers gave Jane and Katherine's contracts to the United Picture Theatres of America, a cooperative with numerous exhibitors; in exchange, United Pictures agreed to pay the cost of production for DIXIE MADCAPS, which amounted to $25,939. (If TWO LITTLE IMPS, a 5-reeler, cost $18,000 to make, as Jane and Katherine later recalled, then $25,000 for a 2-reeler seems reckless.) Irene Lee sued Rogers for her daughters' salaries, and for the money she lent him to finish the second film. She won and the contract with Rogers was cancelled. In April, 1920, Tefft Johnson sued the Rogers Film Corporation for $3200 in back pay, but the papers were served to Irene, who had resigned in September. Rogers denied the charges, and filed a counter claim, alleging that Johnson, who was paid $400 a week, was so inept as a director that the Lee kids movies weren't fit for public exhibition, and that they had to spend $700 to improve them. Rogers also sued United Pictures for $12,380 still owed on their contract.<br /><br />Rogers was bankrupt, and the two films were shelved. Vague movie offers came and went. It seemed Jane and Katherine's screen careers were over. But there was still one recourse: vaudeville. With Irene's experience and management, they stood a good chance. She hired an agent who dealt in small venues, and the girls began their vaudeville career in October of 1919. "The children started off as a bad act," wrote one contemporary columnist. But their shows were well received outside of New York City, and word of mouth created a demand. Jane and Katherine were earning $300 a week, the amount Fox refused to pay them. Their luck improved when Thomas J. Gray wrote a sketch for them.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXs_fIm9XbACjn1cBdEzqc82Q0ULrNHCt1cAhjxHKBMZjq195QSi8IAirZ4924hpD_HcWk52rEVd8Ru_6u9xl7GyPrwpU1U9gVSlM2JFcfRXeG4qYLiHLA6ac77hqFRZZ2pGt0Zn22Z1Rg/s519/variety+dec+3%252C+1924+tommy+gray+obit%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="504" data-original-width="519" height="388" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXs_fIm9XbACjn1cBdEzqc82Q0ULrNHCt1cAhjxHKBMZjq195QSi8IAirZ4924hpD_HcWk52rEVd8Ru_6u9xl7GyPrwpU1U9gVSlM2JFcfRXeG4qYLiHLA6ac77hqFRZZ2pGt0Zn22Z1Rg/w400-h388/variety+dec+3%252C+1924+tommy+gray+obit%252C+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Tommy Gray<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p> </p><p>Tommy Gray, who lived in the same New York neighbourhood all his life, was a humourist who started off writing lyrics for musical comedies, then titles for movies. For many years he had a column in Variety, "Tommy's Tattles", which appeared regularly when he was in New York, sporadically when away. But his specialty was writing one-act plays for vaudeville. His witticisms were never-ending. Variety commented, "Epigrams famous writers would have striven for for months were uttered and immediately forgotten by Tommy Gray as merely necessary to the occasion he might be presiding over." Recognising Jane and Katherine's exceptional talent, he wrote "The New Director" for them. He also fought for a higher salary for the girls. Theatre managers couldn't see why they should pay the Lee kids $1000 a week when they were already performing for $300. Gray was insistent, and after managers saw the act for themselves, $950 was agreed upon.<br /><br />"The New Director" opens in one (the front part of the stage with the curtain directly behind them), the girls engaged in a humorous dialogue about movie studios, and the "warm reception" they have planned for their hapless new director. The act switches to full stage, a studio setting, with cameras. William Phinney, often performing anonymously, played the "shouting, stampeding director". An extra was used as the cameraman, panned by at least one critic: "Some one should tell the camera man that a moving picture is turned two turns to the second and not at the funeral speed he took today." Jane is directed to dive into a jar of jam, which she smears on her face. She then walks to the footlights and tells the audience, "We actresses suffer so much," perhaps a reference to the jam the girls smeared on their faces in SWAT THE SPY. The scene switches to a rehearsal, in which Jane weeps at Katherine's deathbed. They return to comedy, the girls depicting two old maids at a movie theatre, commenting on the picture.</p><p>On stage, as in the movies, Jane generally did the clowning, while Katherine played the straight. Jane was also skilled at comedic ad-libbing, and the act would stop occasionally due to Katherine and Phinney's uncontrollable laughter. For this reason, their 20-minute act would vary in length by a minute or two. At Gray's insistence, some of Jane's bits were kept in the act. Gray, who took the girls under his tutelage and management, had a hard time writing the deathbed scene, but he wanted to prove that Jane was also good at drama. Jane's convincing performance in this scene was by far the most commented upon part of their act. There was nary a dry eye in the house.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA0sw4KwGbWR_CGLLYj8J9unpbDgIDdj3XjzQlT92wsSbGi-xWW_-H0XikiSxWC26ez0wLl_ibIjF6c_9wq29miaTjA13-OSI4qJUGBC7umfQJiyg9jBvpSyRDBqGycj_gmndf9OReg4uY/s1036/new+director+ad+1921.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1036" data-original-width="723" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA0sw4KwGbWR_CGLLYj8J9unpbDgIDdj3XjzQlT92wsSbGi-xWW_-H0XikiSxWC26ez0wLl_ibIjF6c_9wq29miaTjA13-OSI4qJUGBC7umfQJiyg9jBvpSyRDBqGycj_gmndf9OReg4uY/w279-h400/new+director+ad+1921.jpg" width="279" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Newspaper ad, 1921</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />One writer remarked that the Lee girls "both display exceptional vocal training, their speaking voices being loud, clear and heard distinctly in all parts of the house, something unusual in child performers." Another thought the girls were magnificent performers, but that Gray's dialogue was too sophisticated, that it detracted "somewhat from their cuteness to hear kids of their age springing lines and gags that should come from old heads."<br /><br />"The New Director" was a tremendous success with both patrons and critics, and Jane and Katherine were now topping the bill. They were booked solid for 17 weeks in and around New York. "Size don't count, so long as you deliver the goods," quoth Jane.<br /><br />In May of 1920, Irene Lee responded to a letter sent to Billboard asking why her 12-year-old child wasn't allowed to appear on the stage, but Jane and Katherine were. Irene assured her that the laws were the same in all states, but that children were only prohibited from singing and dancing on stage:<br />"I have to go and get my permit every Saturday morning, and I think in all fairness to myself and my children the facts should be stated, for I don't want anyone to labour under the impression that any favouritism is being shown. The children do a twenty-minute act twice daily and this the law allows. They also attend the Professional Children's School, which closes this month, and during the summer our governess will look after their education.</p><p>Jane and Katherine toured the U.S. and Canada with their act, and while on the road did their lessons by correspondence. William Fox had always made sure that Jane and Katherine and other juvenile stars in his employ received some form of education, be it at home, school or at the studio. The Lee sisters were tutored, sometimes by nuns. In New York the girls were prohibited from performing on the stage in July and August, the summer holiday from school, though they were still allowed to do film work, if the opportunity arose.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8akAZQl8Hzhew_WM02qWAx95Fj1Hwd5FKZ0HrFe6bU5Tpjuagxm8-tHB_C7gfjCVQe3GtW4QcjbGRwAduP279aUIYb7Qohr61eYwa19EorilcLKi2CiAqkCk8XqghwWOsTnUv9OpExA-6/s815/ex+herald+dec+17%252C+1921+at+organ%252C+with+anteater.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="753" data-original-width="815" height="370" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8akAZQl8Hzhew_WM02qWAx95Fj1Hwd5FKZ0HrFe6bU5Tpjuagxm8-tHB_C7gfjCVQe3GtW4QcjbGRwAduP279aUIYb7Qohr61eYwa19EorilcLKi2CiAqkCk8XqghwWOsTnUv9OpExA-6/w400-h370/ex+herald+dec+17%252C+1921+at+organ%252C+with+anteater.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Despite not being seen on the silver screen for over a year and a half, Jane and Katherine's celebrity hadn't waned. They, along with Tommy Gray, were the guests of fighter ace Eddie Rickenbacker, who took them for a ride in a Larsen monoplane, taking off from Central Park, Long Island. They enjoyed their first flight in a plane during the filming of SMILES, but not so this flight. While it's doubtful Rickenbacker displayed any of the dogfighting manoeuvres he was famous for with the girls aboard, they were obviously uncomfortable. When they reached an altitude of 3000 feet Jane felt sick. They kept going higher, 6000 feet, according to Katherine: ""We ought to be seeing angels soon; think we'd better get back to earth, Mr Ace. Don't you think so, too, Jane?" The girls were relieved to return to terra firma. "Well, we've been up and we know now 'how far is up'," said Katherine. "Mr Rickenbacker certainly was the darlingest man in the world and he brought us back without a scratch. I liked it, but think I would rather be entertained on earth than in heavenly regions, just now." Jane was asked who her favourite hero was: "Well, I can't just decide between Eddie Rickenbacker and Ralph De Palma. They both go so fast, it takes your breath away. It's smoother going up in the air with Captain Rickenbacker -- until you hit an air pocket. Then it seems to me it would be nicer to be with Mr De Palma in his big racing car."<br /><br />The girls were precocious, as would be expected from two children who had been so prolific and productive on screen and stage and in their wartime activities. Katherine was asked how long she'd been in movies, and though only ten gave a jaded answer: "Oh, I don't remember. I don't care to remember. It seems a hundred years, and perhaps it is, and Jane and I are in our second childhood. You know, the first hundred years are the hardest." Katherine was careful about what she told reporters, and when their manager held a press conference at his office in October of 1919, she advised them to pick and choose from her answers and statements, so as not to write stories that were too similar: "That will never do, for each one of you to write the same thing. You must each write something different." In a separate interview, 8-year-old Jane had some advice, too: "No matter what your job is -- if you're earning fifty dollars and getting ten, it's because you aren't selling yourself. You're not making other folks 'get you'."<br /><br />By September 1920, Jane and Katherine were earning $1500 a week -- ten times more than Fox had been paying them. They were less enthusiastic about the stage during their earlier months in vaudeville, preferring movies. Every day there was something new to do in motion picture work, but doing an act on stage could get monotonous. Irene summed it up: "In vaudeville they see the same people and the same things every day." Jane added, "Yes, we see Tommy three times a day." Katherine preferred pictures: "Vaudeville is all right, but when we are working in pictures we can live at home, and we like that much better than so much travelling."<br /><br />By 1921 the girls were of an entirely different opinion:<br /><br />Katherine: "We have found that playing before an audience is a real inspiration..."<br /><br />Jane: "Yes, after having some director boss you around and no audience at all..."<br /><br />Katherine: "And we love to hear the applause..."<br /><br />Jane: "Now, and not six months after we have acted."<br /><br />Good news came for fans of the Lee girls: CIRCUS IMPS was finally released in October of 1920. The comedy short was being distributed by the Masterpiece Film Corporation, only recently formed, with Lou Rogers as vice-president. Masterpiece was a distributor of independent films, and the picture was sold slowly, territory by territory, starting with New York, New Jersey and Connecticut. Jane and Katherine may have been headliners in vaudeville, but CIRCUS IMPS was just an "added attraction". They were no longer movie stars.<br /><br />In CIRCUS IMPS, the Lone Star Circus comes to Farmingdale, Texas, the home town of Tom Lee, who owns the sideshow of freaks. Tom's daughters, Jane and Katherine, are excited, but the circus does poorly, as the entire town has invested their money in the oil boom. The owner of the circus, Jack Grimes, sells the company to invest in a well, leaving Tom and his sideshow out of work. Jane and Katherine decide to help their father by putting on their own show with the freaks. The patrons are mostly children, and Jane and Katherine earn only a handful of change. Grimes discovers that his well is dry. The girls drive a stake in the ground to tether their goat, and a gusher of oil spouts, shooting the goat in the air. Tom, Jack Grimes, and the freaks try to stop the flow, but only succeed when they place the fat lady over the gusher. The circus folk become wealthy.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPV-mhR3RKLOOKIu0nDmsz7lqtoM4T82pHZic9o2-2JM3YEVbf9rfuTVpTC8Eyutu_5w4pNLolB1L0_zp_lXADuMqT3Mj5aqnV392DfB5LnNs_WiEP5HqapxNSIVbX4u332QEOkeF9ygTK/s460/motion+picture+news+july+19%252C+1919+new+company%252C+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="460" data-original-width="385" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPV-mhR3RKLOOKIu0nDmsz7lqtoM4T82pHZic9o2-2JM3YEVbf9rfuTVpTC8Eyutu_5w4pNLolB1L0_zp_lXADuMqT3Mj5aqnV392DfB5LnNs_WiEP5HqapxNSIVbX4u332QEOkeF9ygTK/w335-h400/motion+picture+news+july+19%252C+1919+new+company%252C+pic.jpg" width="335" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">CIRCUS IMPS (1920)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR_62yeaMP67EcWQdRGe696wDfDsNehiEvUYpsnU07xVMR9c2zzGcs4cPnr9vxonkqzDBI-Dg87pkCCZXo9PvcR0k2sq0E_HSthqZNr3GyzjRV6QZtRNGNrarx1I_s8IY8CVyTjaQSkzgY/s837/moving+picture+world+july+19%252C+1919+scene+from+rogers+film.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="568" data-original-width="837" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR_62yeaMP67EcWQdRGe696wDfDsNehiEvUYpsnU07xVMR9c2zzGcs4cPnr9vxonkqzDBI-Dg87pkCCZXo9PvcR0k2sq0E_HSthqZNr3GyzjRV6QZtRNGNrarx1I_s8IY8CVyTjaQSkzgY/w400-h271/moving+picture+world+july+19%252C+1919+scene+from+rogers+film.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">CIRCUS IMPS (1920)<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />December saw the release of DIXIE MADCAPS. Two little ghosts pop out of large watermelons in the patch, scaring the black plantation workers, who were enjoying a watermelon eating contest. They scatter in every direction. One of them is so scared he turns white. The ghosts reveal themselves to be Jane and Katherine ("Pride of the Plantation") wearing sheets. Everyone is relieved that it's just another of the little girls' pranks, and they all dance to the banjo and drum. On Sunday, Colonel White, grandfather of the orphaned girls, gives each of them a nickel for the collection plate and sends them off to church with "Old Mammy", who is constantly tormented by their mischief. Ditching Mammy, the girls spend their nickels on ice cream cones, and Jane finds a little mutt that gets her Sunday dress and stockings all muddy. On the way to church, Jane and Katherine surreptitiously "confiscate" the money and dice from some gamblers while they're being rebuked by Parson Brown. The girls smuggle the dog into church and take a seat. Jane places one of the dog's fleas in the collar of the man seated in front of them, and he begins scratching himself. The girls put the gambling money and dice in the collection plate. Jane chews gum in church and they thumb their noses at the preacher when he discovers their dog. He has the girls hauled off to their grandfather, but they knock the man down and laugh as their dog chases him away. Grandfather has had enough, and tells the girls he's sending them to their aunt in New Jersey, who plans to place them in a boarding school.</p><p>Their protest, "What have we done to be sentenced to New Jersey!", seems almost to be making fun of Fort Lee, much as their vaudeville act lampooned the studios. Their closing speech at the end of the New Director begins, "Ladies and gentlemen and moving picture friends...", mocking celebrities.<br /></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqUSUfV9KJ7OtmObMH3uVKbVJ9Hqh6Q2f_QxPiraX5sfde-J7Lqxr4bAKrCCLb4TWMxluNHKAstydxSU0w7-ZFg_ELcNTgdY7HdriZmNmnXMW1lnaRN9WJFu18gQY8QOf6W-Osd_19k_lu/s1918/ex+herald+jan+29%252C+1921+full+page+masterpiece+ad.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1918" data-original-width="1375" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqUSUfV9KJ7OtmObMH3uVKbVJ9Hqh6Q2f_QxPiraX5sfde-J7Lqxr4bAKrCCLb4TWMxluNHKAstydxSU0w7-ZFg_ELcNTgdY7HdriZmNmnXMW1lnaRN9WJFu18gQY8QOf6W-Osd_19k_lu/w286-h400/ex+herald+jan+29%252C+1921+full+page+masterpiece+ad.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad from Exhibitors Herald, January 29, 1921...but where did that third movie come from?</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkqg5C644GEkki70sPIwOiwI9dbHOb6AlD3EP29bvCO8z4IDtNGIyjcEJoHxN5ORIgFNDdMGVTr3z5npXXzn6tCEcv829J3cJ_F4KkTQbP4R2Oe9RsLOgwyjUkgzRpUa_Sy7TY3mcerYNe/s1948/ex+herald+sept+2%252C+1922+rogers+full+page+ad%252C+claims+not+reissues.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1948" data-original-width="1369" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkqg5C644GEkki70sPIwOiwI9dbHOb6AlD3EP29bvCO8z4IDtNGIyjcEJoHxN5ORIgFNDdMGVTr3z5npXXzn6tCEcv829J3cJ_F4KkTQbP4R2Oe9RsLOgwyjUkgzRpUa_Sy7TY3mcerYNe/w281-h400/ex+herald+sept+2%252C+1922+rogers+full+page+ad%252C+claims+not+reissues.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not re-issues...if they haven't played in your neck of the woods, yet. Lower left: Jane playing with her chewing gum in church</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p>DIXIE MADCAPS was the last of Jane and Katherine's films -- at least as a duo. Or was it? In January of 1921, Masterpiece started advertising the impending release of a third movie, THE HICKSVILLE TERRORS, said to be a sequel to DIXIE MADCAPS. There was just one problem: the girls never filmed a third movie for Rogers. It became clear that HICKSVILLE TERRORS was assembled from discarded footage from the first two movies. Irene and her lawyers were in court that month, questioning the right of Masterpiece, the distributor, to create a movie from scenes left on the cutting room floor, especially as it was done without her knowledge or permission.<br /><br />The legal case was unprecedented, and knowing that it might take a long time to resolve, Irene wasted no time placing a full page ad, dated January 12, 1921, in trade magazines, protesting HICKSVILLE TERRORS and asking exhibitors not to show the film:<br /><br />"(1) Because the picture is injurious to the name and reputation of the Lee children, as it is made solely of material that was discarded in the first two pictures.<br /><br />"(2) Because the release and distribution of this picture as a picture made by the Lee children is unfair to the exhibitors and moving picture patrons who are attracted by the work of the Lee children."<br /><br />As an injunction wouldn't be granted anytime soon, Irene sought to appeal to exhibitors on ethical grounds. It didn't work, and HICKSVILLE TERRORS was released in February.<br /><br />In the film, Colonel White sends Jane and Katherine to their aunt, Hannah Green, in Hicksville. The girls switch their tag for one with a crate of chickens being sent to their aunt's neighbour. The children are sent to Mr Grey and the chickens to Aunt Hannah. The Colonel comes to Hicksville to straighten things out.<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ1UmUcVH369yYrnjW88DXFeQBxTSwggJwk5gK8BldFyh4_RthyphenhyphenNlWa2okBlHLuBrQ4aEgZhsyNB5GjX4BZs-NICOyWn46lnKS7tjg4968169I2ewz9j8iG5jvEUnRlqG0WnJwtcJ1hRFo/s1295/hicksville+terrors+movie+poster.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1295" data-original-width="862" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ1UmUcVH369yYrnjW88DXFeQBxTSwggJwk5gK8BldFyh4_RthyphenhyphenNlWa2okBlHLuBrQ4aEgZhsyNB5GjX4BZs-NICOyWn46lnKS7tjg4968169I2ewz9j8iG5jvEUnRlqG0WnJwtcJ1hRFo/w266-h400/hicksville+terrors+movie+poster.jpg" width="266" /></a></div><br /><p><br />That same month Harry Lee had to answer to the V.M.P.A. (Vaudeville Managers Protective Association) for being advertised as the father of Jane and Katherine Lee. Harry denied any knowledge or involvement in the erroneous publicity. The complaint may have come from Irene. On February 28, 1922, Charles Hoey suffered a brain hemorrhage, and died at Bellevue Hospital in New York on March 7.<br /><br />On May 30, 1921, Jane and Katherine were in Washington, D.C., headlining at Keith's. President Harding and his wife were in attendance, along with a few friends. After the show a crowd built up outside, waiting for the president to emerge. Jane and Katherine were determined to meet him, and quickly wiggled their way through the crowd with their mother and manager, until they came to the fore. Harding recognised the two girls, and immediately went over to them to shake hands, and to express his gratitude for a wonderful performance. Later, the girls each received a personal invitation to the White House, where the President presented them with an official souvenir programme, specially printed for his visit to Keith's, which he autographed. The girls were photographed with Harding's Airedale Terrier, Laddie Boy.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKYPRCHUIDdXQfw5trc0GzsckNs2ZQmpAUMXfKYErJBm-VaclDWS3XaOkZYLTksNTkEJnvr3kzfNDpAz39VxIENMtlSoBiszYkbS6ETMV9OYl_WDu5Y2e7tEd-hib4KtDR6tJ0FA06mjJH/s907/la+herald+dec+17%252C+1921+girls+drive+car.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="540" data-original-width="907" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKYPRCHUIDdXQfw5trc0GzsckNs2ZQmpAUMXfKYErJBm-VaclDWS3XaOkZYLTksNTkEJnvr3kzfNDpAz39VxIENMtlSoBiszYkbS6ETMV9OYl_WDu5Y2e7tEd-hib4KtDR6tJ0FA06mjJH/w400-h239/la+herald+dec+17%252C+1921+girls+drive+car.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>1921: Jane and Katherine often received bouquets of flowers from admirers after a show; they'd have them sent to children's hospitals, where they also performed countless times for their bedridden little friends</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In June of 1921, Irene filed a lawsuit against Harry Linke, an actor, for slanderous statements he made April 8 in Syracuse, New York to the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. He claimed that Jane and Katherine were "treated roughly and abused both in their act and off the stage. She compels them to rehearse at night until the early hours of the morning. I have heard those children cry on account of the abuse they have received from their mother. Her treatment of them was so bad I left her employ." The Society conducted an investigation. Irene denied the accusation, calling it malicious, and an attempt to prevent the girls from performing on stage. She was asking $10,000 in damages. Linke denied any motive other than concern for the children's welfare, and asked that the case be dismissed with costs.<br /><br />It wasn't the first time the children's punishment made the news. Soon after their arrival in L.A. in 1918 to film SMILES, Jane pushed Katherine into the fountain at the Fox studio, then got soaking wet herself. She received "her first California spanking."<br /><br />It wasn't the last time either. In January of 1922, Irene and the girls were taken to the police station after railroad personnel complained that she was "punishing Jane too severely." She explained that the girls sometimes got out of hand, resulting in five or six spankings a year. Some of Jane and Katherine's fellow vaudevillians assured the police that they received the best of treatment from Irene. She dried the girls' tears and they were allowed to leave.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqMnKLofp3_Vga89Pp6mHhv9kq482_bjf66HMtBWeIca57STt3M2x_NtWnKsk7hY0Saca4RvI35VLi6VMNyKyy2bPW48H8dqxHMAFWkYtPvtWhF37LjCI5WYZ616L72uf69tfyshu_hpV2/s644/daily+news+nov+14%252C+1921+children%2527s+hospital.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="499" data-original-width="644" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqMnKLofp3_Vga89Pp6mHhv9kq482_bjf66HMtBWeIca57STt3M2x_NtWnKsk7hY0Saca4RvI35VLi6VMNyKyy2bPW48H8dqxHMAFWkYtPvtWhF37LjCI5WYZ616L72uf69tfyshu_hpV2/w400-h310/daily+news+nov+14%252C+1921+children%2527s+hospital.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>On the Orpheum tour, 1921</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In the fall of 1921, Irene finally gave up their Manhattan apartment. "Since the children began their stage career, two years ago, we have been from the Eastern to the Western coasts, but we have kept the same apartment we had while they were doing pictures. In fact, they can scarcely remember any other home. Even though we're not there very much, it's a home, a place to come back to, and a place to leave things that we can't carry around with us." Famous Players-Lasky had just opened a studio in Astoria, Queens, and it was rumoured that another studio would be opening in Bayside, Queens. Movie stars were flocking to Bayside, and in September Irene purchased a renovated ten-room stucco house, with all the latest modern conveniences, overlooking Little Neck Bay. The Lees didn't move into their new $25,000 home until late November, as they were on tour, now on the Orpheum circuit.<br /><br />Eventually, they reached California, where Jane and Katherine were back in a Willys-Knight automobile -- this time in the driver's seat. The girls were taken for a morning drive in Los Angeles, guests of the manager of the company's local branch, when Jane immediately grew enthusiastic: "Mother, I actually must sit in front." But that wasn't enough: "I actually must steer this car." It was an outrageous request, of course, but the 9-year-old was relentless. She was allowed to drive it on Wilshire Boulevard, her feet barely reaching the pedals, but she found the steering a breeze. Irene sat beside her, guiding her every movement. Katherine, being older, was quite justified in demanding her turn. At this stage, she was slightly shorter than Jane, but drove with just as much success.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt6OEihQ8El8Qgws5AUZ8nkdqj8mXL4M_e2y4b8js4nI8SSzbAgyfeNmc5ONH7Vm1MiCsPg5MLM-ZL6xFb3q43go2gU1Vimfv_Qbnuus4quGLB8cgiQR2A2aneVtSnma1DanarMiGriX7N/s1168/film+fun+aug+1917+girls+win+auto+show.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="615" data-original-width="1168" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt6OEihQ8El8Qgws5AUZ8nkdqj8mXL4M_e2y4b8js4nI8SSzbAgyfeNmc5ONH7Vm1MiCsPg5MLM-ZL6xFb3q43go2gU1Vimfv_Qbnuus4quGLB8cgiQR2A2aneVtSnma1DanarMiGriX7N/w400-h210/film+fun+aug+1917+girls+win+auto+show.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"I actually must steer this car." Jane takes the wheel of the Willys-Knight, Sheepshead Bay Speedway, 1917<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In December, Jane and Katherine, accompanied by Ira Gay's orchestra, gave a concert on the roof of the 5-storey Hamburger's Department Store in Los Angeles. The performance was broadcast over a thousand mile radius by students of the radio phone class, conducted daily on the roof. The audience would have been small, radio broadcasting being in its infancy. No doubt it was the girls' first time on radio.<br /><br />Tommy Gray, on vacation, stayed with the Lees in L.A. over the Christmas holiday. Jane and Katherine gave a Christmas party at the Orpheum on December 24 for more than two dozen children of the screen, with Gray as master of ceremonies. Among those invited were Jackie Coogan, Baby Peggy, "Sunshine" Sammy and Jackie Condon, the last two soon to be members of Our Gang.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEily_cv8LW5sVeL8ptkeg9FQ0rzJXAI1OjNa31HVjm5SLqWEo0k8p-3dh4IcZvKFWxrUXGP6QI9rloP7oqxGgKKKgO__A5cpLzMP_MIbet_iOxkbd6N5bab3eUsST6D74dNwBXZHOd8x-ZG/s1382/morning+tulsa+daily+world+march+7%252C+1922+orpheum+ad+.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1382" data-original-width="1183" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEily_cv8LW5sVeL8ptkeg9FQ0rzJXAI1OjNa31HVjm5SLqWEo0k8p-3dh4IcZvKFWxrUXGP6QI9rloP7oqxGgKKKgO__A5cpLzMP_MIbet_iOxkbd6N5bab3eUsST6D74dNwBXZHOd8x-ZG/w343-h400/morning+tulsa+daily+world+march+7%252C+1922+orpheum+ad+.jpg" width="343" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Newspaper ad for Jane and Katherine on the Orpheum circuit, 1922<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In April of 1922, Irene bought another 50 feet of property next to their Bayside home, and had a landscaper improve it. The Lees were rarely there.<br /><br />The following month Jane and Katherine, baseball fans, had the honour of presenting Babe Ruth with a diamond-shaped floral display at the Polo Grounds on behalf of the National Vaudeville Artists. Ruth was a member of the N.V.A., having played the Keith circuit in a sketch written for him by Tommy Gray. Irene and Tommy were also on hand for the ceremony.<br /></p><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFxUN1TrI1gQur5Z_O5zyeVnap2f6qZtN3a4C9ilMULbMOi5vGssOdfLLhBZ2PaRKQu7rG1R13Himutq7DaLOnEqyymeWQumyhwemFg1fyw62lB5exoHbj7-whmhOuJ_GSjCjyqnhP8f_B/s2048/with+babe+ruth.jpg"><img border="0" data-original-height="1563" data-original-width="2048" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFxUN1TrI1gQur5Z_O5zyeVnap2f6qZtN3a4C9ilMULbMOi5vGssOdfLLhBZ2PaRKQu7rG1R13Himutq7DaLOnEqyymeWQumyhwemFg1fyw62lB5exoHbj7-whmhOuJ_GSjCjyqnhP8f_B/w400-h305/with+babe+ruth.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br />Peggy Brown, part of the cast of "The Passing Show", an annual musical revue produced by the Shuberts, gave Jane and Katherine her dog. They lost the little Pekingese spaniel two months later, but it was restored to their home in Bayside after they placed an ad in the paper. Misplacing pets was becoming a habit with them.<br /><br />The girls premiered a new act at the beginning of August, "The Movie School", written by Tommy Gray. They were back on the Keith circuit.<br /><br />Concurrently, Fox released A PAIR OF ACES, the first of five two-reel shorts that were edited from their features, with new titles by Ralph Spence. KIDS AND SKIDS, DOUBLE TROUBLE, TOWN TERRORS, and THE WISE BIRDS followed, released one a month. Apparently, the Lees lost their case against the Masterpiece Film Corporation, allowing Fox to release "new" comedies by the Baby Grands.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCyMY7XDFVqjU4XXAtgRr2sz7leXpmpkdQzAOni52PEDKCIko7IQf9O1YyazLopmCAnjUwY5qrEc8hpH_WqgLFAgdIQiEpcWwuk3saxz6uvbCYuoaGqOb_OdApG2PgHgLL1SOWGT5tgbeq/s813/photoplay+june+1923+pic+of+kids+outside.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="813" data-original-width="410" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCyMY7XDFVqjU4XXAtgRr2sz7leXpmpkdQzAOni52PEDKCIko7IQf9O1YyazLopmCAnjUwY5qrEc8hpH_WqgLFAgdIQiEpcWwuk3saxz6uvbCYuoaGqOb_OdApG2PgHgLL1SOWGT5tgbeq/w201-h400/photoplay+june+1923+pic+of+kids+outside.jpg" width="201" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine, 1923<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Early in the spring of 1923, Irene sold their Bayview house and the Lees moved to Hollywood, where the film industry was booming.<br /><br />On July 28, Jane and Katherine left New York for England on the steamship Leviathan, under a six week contract with Oswald Stoll. Their tour began in Liverpool. They performed their "New Director" act, since it was unfamiliar to the British. The tour went well. Of course, Irene went with them, but by now 14-year-old Katherine was starting to make business decisions, and Jane deferred to her judgement, having looked up to her since the days when Katherine buttoned up her coat.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2JDGFnVZ6rIpepftW4YgRyDyME8WgMHFqfvZSI0EsN5Ixd7N-qqYPS61NH8b9dv8bM0UnBytK1ALfDspHAzdCRVJy_rKgdq4MPZ90BE_2BjPgcSNp1CSt6mtz_WrLL6np-BtRFM-dbpX3/s786/motion+picture+magazine+jan+1924+lee+girls+aboard+ship+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="575" data-original-width="786" height="293" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2JDGFnVZ6rIpepftW4YgRyDyME8WgMHFqfvZSI0EsN5Ixd7N-qqYPS61NH8b9dv8bM0UnBytK1ALfDspHAzdCRVJy_rKgdq4MPZ90BE_2BjPgcSNp1CSt6mtz_WrLL6np-BtRFM-dbpX3/w400-h293/motion+picture+magazine+jan+1924+lee+girls+aboard+ship+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine aboard the Leviathan, 1923<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnExud7EklkTSPXGVh19w42vW8tprLlri4onX2jM4kKLVo8A0a2qv5lWcb3zrYc_ABsj3_y0rm7eLnZIkf5hBvh65o0EeSDH6Z2QWNmwJBTPD-OVqlMcogxVeKl-7uwEQpZGpkl4rCOyAZ/s1512/morning+telegraph+dec+30%252C+1923+greenwich+village+follies.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1011" data-original-width="1512" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnExud7EklkTSPXGVh19w42vW8tprLlri4onX2jM4kKLVo8A0a2qv5lWcb3zrYc_ABsj3_y0rm7eLnZIkf5hBvh65o0EeSDH6Z2QWNmwJBTPD-OVqlMcogxVeKl-7uwEQpZGpkl4rCOyAZ/w400-h268/morning+telegraph+dec+30%252C+1923+greenwich+village+follies.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine on tour with the Greenwich Village Follies, 1923<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></span><p><br />On October 22, Jane and Katherine joined the "Greenwich Village Follies" as headliners at the Apollo theatre in Chicago. They toured with the annual revue for a few months, performing their vaudeville act in the spectacular 24-scene, three hour show. In Dayton, Ohio, state law prohibited the kids from performing. Irene filed a complaint with the Actors' Equity Association, stating that the producers of the show, The Bohemians, owed them $1000, even if the girls didn't appear on stage. The matter was later settled through the Arbitration Society of America. Irene lost, as the Bohemians weren't responsible for state law.<br /><br />Lou Rogers, who had quit Masterpiece, became president of Rialto Productions, through which he continued to release CIRCUS IMPS, DIXIE MADCAPS and HICKSVILLE TERRORS. He resigned in November of 1922, and the contract was later assigned to Samuel R. Reece of the Rialto Film Exchange, without authorisation. In May of 1924, the R & L Film Corporation, who held the copyrights, was granted an injunction against the further distribution of the three films, and the original contract of October 22, 1922 between R & L and Masterpiece was annulled and cancelled. Existing copies of the films continued to be exhibited until they fell apart.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnDDZfl6INBH6wkPzTxTFIJTlyu93khW3cWxgNBL7k1ENKHZ5BPO3Ce_Nz0VSlgyuUFHw5OaWDHNNYu4mCK9VRRRogp8SF7Y1KvogfESbzu1aPeCw6y6DFVuYQJ5C6GobJli2mMwaUv1iz/s1586/nva+souvenir+book+1924+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1586" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnDDZfl6INBH6wkPzTxTFIJTlyu93khW3cWxgNBL7k1ENKHZ5BPO3Ce_Nz0VSlgyuUFHw5OaWDHNNYu4mCK9VRRRogp8SF7Y1KvogfESbzu1aPeCw6y6DFVuYQJ5C6GobJli2mMwaUv1iz/w303-h400/nva+souvenir+book+1924+b.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine (left) and Jane in a portrait from the N.V.A. 1924 souvenir book<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />Katherine, sans Jane, appeared in THE SIDE SHOW OF LIFE (1924), a feature film based on William J. Locke's novel, "The Mountebank". The movie was produced and directed by Herbert Brenon. It must have been a bitter-sweet reunion, since Brenon couldn't seem to find a role for Jane. It was Katherine's first time in front of the camera in five years.<br /><br />On November 30, 1924, Tommy Gray died at the age of 36. Tommy had been ill with pneumonia, confined to his Hollywood apartment for 14 weeks. Unmarried, Gray returned to New York and died at the family home where he usually lived, surrounded by his mother, stepfather, siblings and friends. He kept in good humour, even on his deathbed. Five days before his death he said to the priest: "Father, on your way to the church stop in and give my regards to Tom O'Brien. Say I'll be with him very soon." Tom O'Brien was the local undertaker.<br /><br />Rosetta and Vivian Duncan, who had themselves been children of the vaudeville stage, debuted their new musical comedy, "Topsy and Eva", in San Francisco in July of 1923. Loosely based on Harriet Beecher Stowe's popular book, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852), the script was written by Catherine Chisholm Cushing, commissioned by the Duncan sisters. Vivian played Eva, while Topsy was portrayed by Rosetta in blackface. The songs were written by the Duncan sisters. The show was a success, and a second production was needed due to overwhelming demand. Jane and Katherine Lee made their debut in the title roles at the Selwyn Theatre in Chicago in September 13, 1925, replacing the Duncan sisters in a special matinee performance, before taking their version on the road. They were paid $600 a week, to be increased to $1000 a week starting January 6, 1926. <br /><br />A month later, Jane and Katherine gave notice that they were quitting. According to Irene, it was for breach of contract, adding that her daughters "never got one word of praise from the Duncan sisters." The real problem, however, occurred two weeks later when Irene tore up a sign in the lobby of the Brandeis Theatre in Omaha because Jane and Katherine's names weren't as prominent as the Duncan sisters' names. This, she claimed, was another breach of contract. The sign apparently caused some confusion, as most people attended the show expecting to see the Duncan sisters. Irene was also reportedly jealous that dancing siblings, Jules and Josie Walters, were getting more applause than Jane and Katherine. The Lee girls were replaced by the White Sisters, who had briefly stepped in for the Duncan sisters near the end of their San Francisco run. The show moved on to Lincoln, Nebraska. For some reason the usually proud Irene regretted her actions: "I'm taking all the blame. I'm willing to play the part of the bad stage mamma. I'll even promise to stay in Omaha and let my daughters go on with the show." It was too late.<br /><br />Jane and Katherine returned to their own vaudeville act, which now included two songs from "Topsy and Eva", as well as some of Topsy's dialogue. The Duncan Sisters sued. It was Jane and Katherine's contention in court that they were only doing an imitation of the Duncan Sisters. They were prohibited from using any of the "Topsy and Eva" material.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtbPgaltrSac9g92Ltqe5B_uwuzFYsg5e-hq8f-HFmntYOZTi0wWL6FrRwiEE9aVz9Xu279n0Lu9AJ4AvZNRjoRiSV6PxHMDWJxLATH9u4tUzETkJEMLRtT9rZRAgRxySFQDzBuWEjI7kS/s1634/nva+yearbook+1925+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1634" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtbPgaltrSac9g92Ltqe5B_uwuzFYsg5e-hq8f-HFmntYOZTi0wWL6FrRwiEE9aVz9Xu279n0Lu9AJ4AvZNRjoRiSV6PxHMDWJxLATH9u4tUzETkJEMLRtT9rZRAgRxySFQDzBuWEjI7kS/w294-h400/nva+yearbook+1925+b.jpg" width="294" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane (left) and Katherine in a portrait from the N.V.A. 1925 souvenir book<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In 1926, the Lees were again living in Bayside, Queens. Jane and Katherine had a new act "in one", containing only dialogue and song. One of the songs was "Sweet Onion Time", from "Topsy and Eva". The girls either obtained permission to use one song, or they were being rebellious.<br /><br />On June 14, the Lees placed an ad in a local newspaper. This time they lost <i>two</i> dogs:<br /><br />"$50 REWARD. TWO BOSTON BULL DOGS, ONE BROWN, OTHER BLACK AND WHITE, STRAYED FROM BAYVIEW AV., BAYSIDE. PROPERTY OF JANE AND KATHERINE LEE. PHONE BAYSIDE 1130."<br /><br />Jane and Katherine appeared in their first talkie, a one-reeler for Vitaphone Varieties, using the sound-on-disc process. The short was filmed in California in September of 1927. The girls appear in front of the drapes, talking and singing "Tie Me To Your Apron Strings" and "All God's Chillun Got Wings". They were paid $500.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0xSSk0SWGqlaKdSPkDd-0RwpdxlptQpHctq93DwX_4WFRgsxYAdDFQXH6DF6UXY8q5KG9mLueIoW2jziWIS82pZRg5R0A8sgNMmcozcRpjNZ7eKEG6q4fr6Mun8_LLr-rUN2KlAYRp-iE/s829/national+vaudeville+artists%2527+year+book+1928.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="567" data-original-width="829" height="274" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0xSSk0SWGqlaKdSPkDd-0RwpdxlptQpHctq93DwX_4WFRgsxYAdDFQXH6DF6UXY8q5KG9mLueIoW2jziWIS82pZRg5R0A8sgNMmcozcRpjNZ7eKEG6q4fr6Mun8_LLr-rUN2KlAYRp-iE/w400-h274/national+vaudeville+artists%2527+year+book+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Katherine and Jane, 1928<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />On February 2, 1928, Irene had her day in magistrates' court, with a charge of petty larceny against a fellow named Arthur B. Conkwright, who leased part of her house in October of 1926. She alleged that when Conkwright moved out in November of 1927 while the Lees were on a vaudeville tour he took a Windsor chair worth $20 and a dozen light bulbs worth $5. During cross-examination, Irene denied harassing Conkwright with phone calls demanding he pay the coal bill and other bills. Irene wasn't helping her case when she told Conkwright's lawyer, "In fact, if my recollection is right, I think you told me to go to hell when I was over in the Ridgewood court." The magistrate dismissed the case, declaring it a matter for civil court. "You'll get your civil action," Irene said to Conkwright as she left.<br /><br />Later in 1928, Fox Movietone News filmed (with sound) Jane and Katherine at a pet show in New York, where they displayed their pets, Angel, an ocelot, and Buster, a chimpanzee. The two animals obviously weren't the best of friends.<br /></p><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW3bd521GXsZAuKsvIEqjD3kci5URn1a9RbnFk1xS6r6kFYiW5DI2uBl4OCnBCgb2xONmEiVVT3KCkKE0zKwYov0NSbNz_Y5dC3x5S1FHY6sYKxczBkFItA-PXg9aUYfpMDOGmPo80m7mp/s1225/fox+movietone+news+1928.jpg"><img border="0" data-original-height="870" data-original-width="1225" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW3bd521GXsZAuKsvIEqjD3kci5URn1a9RbnFk1xS6r6kFYiW5DI2uBl4OCnBCgb2xONmEiVVT3KCkKE0zKwYov0NSbNz_Y5dC3x5S1FHY6sYKxczBkFItA-PXg9aUYfpMDOGmPo80m7mp/w400-h284/fox+movietone+news+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p>Tommy Banahan died April 24, 1929, and the funeral was held on April 27, under the auspices of the N.V.A. Jane and Katherine postponed some of their vaudeville engagements.<br /><br />On July 22, 1930, Joe Mendi, a chimp made famous by his trainer, Lew Backenstoe, died. Joe had for ten years appeared on the vaudeville circuit, as well as at circuses, fairs and in films. Irene Lee sold Buster to Backenstoe for $1000, to be paid in weekly installments of $100. Backenstoe failed to keep his end of the bargain, and Irene sued after a detective agency she hired tracked him down to a department store in Indianapolis, where he was exploiting Buster as "Joe Mendi II" in the children's toy section. They came to an arrangement. Buster died at the Detroit Zoo in 1934.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiumotrEdmyzjaoOis9B7I19vAGK-gGMuLVBpk-DK92u3p6Iwg8ishqBYJL3TgLZj7vmgUF0MS8elZxrFrFkw29uyCTFMEL6WRZNymOR38oLuZlskC_EKbeh4hPzK1L2K8q_-jIMjPnBHI/s1107/photoplay+nov+1931+jane+and+katherine+pic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1107" data-original-width="773" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiumotrEdmyzjaoOis9B7I19vAGK-gGMuLVBpk-DK92u3p6Iwg8ishqBYJL3TgLZj7vmgUF0MS8elZxrFrFkw29uyCTFMEL6WRZNymOR38oLuZlskC_EKbeh4hPzK1L2K8q_-jIMjPnBHI/w279-h400/photoplay+nov+1931+jane+and+katherine+pic.jpg" width="279" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine, 1931<br /></i></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br />In August of 1932 Jane and Katherine split. Jane went west and began rehearsing for Fanchon and Marco's version of Ziegfeld's 1928 Broadway musical, "Whoopee!" The original ran for a year, and was followed by a filmed version in 1930. Eddie Cantor, who played Henry Williams on stage, reprised his role for the screen. Fanchon and Marco's condensed version of the show ran one hour and twenty minutes, retained the best parts of the original production, and borrowed costumes from the movie. Buddy Doyle, Cantor's understudy, who never got the chance to perform, starred as Henry. Mary, his nurse, was played by Jane, who was one of the leads in a cast of 65, which included 30 dancing girls and a male chorus of 12. They did four shows on opening day, not ideally attended due to incessant rain. But early reviews were good, and the show could only improve. Variety wrote that Jane Lee "turns in the best performance of the troupe." Katherine stayed in Bayside with Irene, where the girls usually spent their summers.<br /><br />On December 8, Harry Lee died after falling from a fire escape at the Roosevelt Hotel on Hollywood Boulevard. It was assumed to be suicide.<br /><br />On April 5, 1933, Jane married James Grant, one of the "Whoopee!" cast. The marriage was kept a secret, and it was a long time before Irene would speak to either of them. Jane and James kept a residence in Hollywood.<br /><br />Jane and Katherine resumed their vaudeville act in the fall. Jane's touring must have taken a toll on her marriage. By 1936, she and James were separated, and when Grant asked for a divorce in August 1937, on grounds of desertion, it wasn't contested.<br /><br />Jane and Katherine appeared in a "Vitaphone Billboard" short, released February 15, 1936. They sang "Why Did We Have To Grow Up?", and then danced the Charleston. The song, in which they pine for the old days when they were film stars, was a regular feature in their current act.<br /><br /><i>Before we start to do our act, we'd like to settle just one fact:<br /><br />(Katherine:) That I'm Katherine...<br /><br />(Jane:)...I'm Jane.<br /><br />You used to see us lots and lots in movie plots when we were tots.<br /><br />(Katherine:) I was Katherine...<br /><br />(Jane:)...and I was Jane.<br /><br />But now we're grown up ladies and we're in an awful fix -- they won't pay us a nickel for our little baby tricks. Oh, why did we have to grow up?<br /></i><br />Their vaudeville days were about to end. Motion pictures were already a bane for vaudeville when Jane and Katherine started their film careers. Still, live theatre had something movies didn't have: sound. But when talkies came along in the late 1920s, it was the beginning of the end. Radio was another threat, though the girls occasionally performed on the air. Jane and Katherine were lost. They were ready to tour England again, opening April 8, 1935 at the London Palladium, and there was even talk of making films there, but they changed their minds, opting for a part in the Theatre Guild revue, "Parade". A few weeks later they quit, during rehearsals.<br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNxnzbCPf7oXHsaSIjko8ouklLjCnxLRkmEiWD1kj8Rz1irJSC6ElmsVSR5_Brb5Iu8F2r0crDd1SwObT3rHSce86OsZoHtCF2HsCVyuaKiOFhZPspfdoX4Lm8qX_R3ydkxH2ZuBSwX8K-/s910/jane+and+katherine+1944.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="708" data-original-width="910" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNxnzbCPf7oXHsaSIjko8ouklLjCnxLRkmEiWD1kj8Rz1irJSC6ElmsVSR5_Brb5Iu8F2r0crDd1SwObT3rHSce86OsZoHtCF2HsCVyuaKiOFhZPspfdoX4Lm8qX_R3ydkxH2ZuBSwX8K-/w400-h311/jane+and+katherine+1944.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jane and Katherine at Saks, 1944</i></span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>When Jane and Katherine were young girls working at Fox, they aspired to be many things when they grew up, and their career choices changed every day, on a whim. Jane wanted to be a "circus girl", and Katherine an animal trainer; high diving looked exciting; after their airplane ride during the filming of SMILES, they were determined to be mail carriers; when they met Ralph DePalma, race car driving was their ambition; in the early 1920s Katherine started writing a screenplay, hoping that would become her profession. In 1944, Walter Winchell reported that "The Lee Kids, once Hollywood stars, are behind the corset and tie counters at Saks 5th Avenue."<br /><br />Jane died March 17, 1957 at the age of 45. Katherine died October 22, 1968, at the age of 59.<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm0FWvtloMGilmZkU6054nTiLBwbZsxGh8vUB3BMK4CAJwkL2UbV8vGuIvxtQxN4rFmdd8FFMZ87wxl_6K1BeZSrnyLMfxYYd7B7DZafdBk8-kbMMnWj6JZ_JSJNLqJSXrLoV5pm6AWx8l/s633/aviation+suits%252C+new+car+1919.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="633" data-original-width="491" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm0FWvtloMGilmZkU6054nTiLBwbZsxGh8vUB3BMK4CAJwkL2UbV8vGuIvxtQxN4rFmdd8FFMZ87wxl_6K1BeZSrnyLMfxYYd7B7DZafdBk8-kbMMnWj6JZ_JSJNLqJSXrLoV5pm6AWx8l/w310-h400/aviation+suits%252C+new+car+1919.jpg" width="310" /></a></div><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p><br /> </p><p> <i>A few notes:<br /></i></p><p><i>The fire of July 9, 1937 at Fox's film storage vault in New Jersey destroyed most of their silent film archive. Of Jane and Katherine's movies, only one of the five reels for SWAT THE SPY exists. Hopefully, more will surface. The Rogers 2-reelers, CIRCUS IMPS and DIXIE MADCAPS, are extant. DIXIE MADCAPS is readily available at archive.org, to watch or to download as an MPEG4:<br /><br /></i><a href="https://archive.org/details/BillSpragueCollectionDIXIEMADCAPS-JANEANDKATHERINELEE">https://archive.org/details/BillSpragueCollectionDIXIEMADCAPS-JANEANDKATHERINELEE</a><i><a href="https://archive.org/details/BillSpragueCollectionDIXIEMADCAPS-JANEANDKATHERINELEE"><br /></a><br />The titles contain some wonderful little stick men animation.</i></p><p><i>The British Film Institute has an incomplete copy of CIRCUS IMPS. It was shown (with live piano accompaniment) October 5, 2017 at Le Giornate Del Cinema Muto, an annual silent film festival in Italy.<br /><br />In "Blacks in Black and White: A Source Book on Black Films" (2nd ed., 1995), author Henry T. Sampson has an entry for a film called "Dixie Duo Down South", with Jane and Katherine Lee, and gives it a 1910 date, with "no data" for producer. The movie he describes is obviously DIXIE MADCAPS (1920). At least four subsequent film books have repeated this information. How Sampson arrived at that title and date is unknown. But he does seem to have seen a more complete copy. According to the beginning of his synopsis, "Two young white girls travel to the South to visit their grandfather. On the way to his house they encounter a group of black men and women eating watermelons and dancing." This opening scene isn't in the archive.org copy. (His synopsis ends after the craps game, but there also ended his interest in the movie, which moves on to the church scene.)<br /><br />Jane and Katherine can be seen on YouTube in a 1936 Vitaphone Billboard release, singing, dancing and clowning around:<br /><br /></i><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOHxEdSm4FQ">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOHxEdSm4FQ<br /></a><i><br />Their appearance begins at around 2:30.<br /><br />The Fox Movietone newsreel with Jane and Katherine and their pet ocelot and monkey can be seen here:<br /><br /></i><a href="https://digital.tcl.sc.edu/digital/collection/MVTN/id/5589/rec/4">https://digital.tcl.sc.edu/digital/collection/MVTN/id/5589/rec/4</a><i><a href="https://digital.tcl.sc.edu/digital/collection/MVTN/id/5589/rec/4"><br /></a><br />The November 22, 1929 filming date, even if "on or about", presents a problem. This film was mentioned as being part of Fox Movietone News Issue B in a full-page ad in the December 12, 1928 issue of Variety. But then this item appeared in the December 4, 1929 issue of Variety, describing an unnamed 47-minute Fox newsreel: "Also two pet animal displays, showing first an exhibit presented by Katherine and Jane Lee (names not mentioned on the screen and maybe an old shot), followed by an animal hospital." By "maybe an old shot", the writer is implying that the Jane and Katherine Lee segment is a reissue; if he's correct, it must have been from the 1928 newsreel.</i></p>Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-703331740087557142019-07-01T13:17:00.001-04:002020-12-24T23:24:03.767-05:00Robert E. Howard: Weird Tales Illustrations<br />
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"I was born in Peaster, Texas, a small town not far from Weatherford, in January, 1906, at an early age. I was named Robert Ervin Howard after my great-grandfather, Robert Ervin. I was also named after George Washington, but not for him." Thus wrote Robert E. Howard on November 29, 1921, while at Cross Plains High School. This facetiousness was typical of his reluctance to provide autobiographical material upon request; but when he did comply his recipient had to endure an entire history of Howard's forebears.<br />
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Howard didn't start school until age eight, and he no doubt entered the system with great apprehension: "I hated school as I hate the memory of school. It wasn't the work I minded...what I hated was the confinement -- the clock-like regularity of everything; the regulation of my speech and actions; most of all the idea that someone considered him or herself in authority over me, with the right to question my actions or interfere with my thoughts." Howard "generally did just enough work to keep from flunking the courses..."<br />
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Though school was anathema to him, he admitted to having been at the head of the class in history. "You will find me well versed in history. Even in my earliest childhood, I read more history than anything else, partly because I lived in the country and textbooks came more easily to my hand, and partly because of a natural inclination that way."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Bob, c. 1914</i></span></td></tr>
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Howard was an insatiable reader. "As a boy and a youth in my teens, I read purely for the love of reading." Nor was the boy particular about what he read: "Books were scarce in the country. I could not go into a library or bookstore and select what I wanted. I had to read whatever came to my hand..." Whenever he'd exhausted the local supply of reading material, Howard resorted to burglary during the summer surcease of school. "With a flour sack tied to my saddlehorn, I raided isolated schoolhouses up the creeks, in the hills, and in villages. I jimmied the doors or windows of the buildings, and pried the locks off the solidly made bookcases; if that failed, I removed the hinges." He was quick to add, "I did not steal those books. I always returned them in as good shape as I took them."<br />
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When he had nothing to read, Howard turned to writing. "I remember the first story I ever wrote -- at the age of about nine or ten -- dealt with the adventures of one Boealf, a young Dane Viking." His memory may have been faulty on the matter, for elsewhere he wrote, "The first character I ever created was Francis Xavier Gordon, El Borak, the hero of 'The Daughters of Erlik Khan', etc. I don't remember his genesis. He came to life in my mind when I was about ten years old."<br />
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"Magazines were even more scarce than books," Howard recalled. "It was after I moved into 'town' (comparatively speaking) that I began to buy magazines. I well remember the first I ever bought. I was fifteen years old..." It was an issue of <i>Adventure</i>. "I'll never forget the thrill it gave me."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Teenaged pirates: Bob (right) with his neighbours, 1924</i></span></td></tr>
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If books made Howard want to read, pulp magazines made him want to write -- at least, professionally. "[A]t the age of fifteen, having never seen a writer, a poet, a publisher, or a magazine editor, and having only the vaguest ideas of procedure, I began working at the profession I had chosen." His first attempt at breaking into the field was sent to <i>Adventure</i> -- and was rejected. Years later Howard mused, "I never have been able to sell to <i>Adventure</i>; guess my first attempt cooked me with them forever!"<br />
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The high school at Cross Plains, where Howard and his parents settled in 1919 after moving from one small town to the next, only went to Grade 10, and in 1922 Howard went to Brownwood, some 40 miles away, to complete his education, staying in a boarding house. He returned to Brownwood in 1924 to take a stenography course at Howard Payne College, and while there made his first sale, "Spear and Fang", to Farnsworth Wright, <i>Weird Tales</i>' new editor, for $16. "I was eighteen when I wrote 'Spear and Fang', 'The Lost Race', and 'The Hyena'; nineteen when I wrote 'In the Forest of Villefere' and 'Wolfshead'. And after that it was another two years before I sold another line of fiction. I don't like to think about those two years."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (April 1926)<i>; cover by E. M. Stevenson; </i>"<i>She struck with her dagger, and her assailant hurled her to the floor, tearing, tearing at her.</i>"</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (April 1926)<i>; illustration by E. M. Stevenson</i></span></td></tr>
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Small wonder. College was no more tolerable than grade school or high school. "...I'm prejudiced against all colleges -- to Hell with them." Worse, Howard had to support himself through a succession of menial jobs, and his resentment of authority -- and aversion to conformity -- didn't help. "I was so depressed and discouraged that I went and got a job jerking soda in a drugstore. The manager was no Santa Claus but we got along alright after I offered to tie my right hand behind me and beat his head off with my left."<br />
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Not surprisingly, he couldn't hold a job. Sometimes work was slow or paid little, but usually Howard couldn't get along with his employer. "I've worked at several jobs, but wasn't a success at any of them; I've picked cotton, helped brand a few yearlings, hauled a little garbage, worked in a grocery store, ditto a dry-goods store, worked in a law office, jerked soda, worked up in a gas office, tried to be a public stenographer, packed a surveyor's rod, worked up oil field news for some Texas and Oklahoma papers, etc., etc., and also etc."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (January 1927)<i>; illustration by G. O. Olinick</i></span></td></tr>
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Howard's writing netted him only $50 in 1926. Something had to be done. In the summer of 1927 he sold a number of stories to Farnsworth Wright. That year he earned even less, $37.50. But he resolved to make a living at it. In 1931 he wrote, "I've always had a honing to make my living by writing, ever since I can remember, and while I haven't been a howling success in that line, at least I've managed for several years now to get by without grinding at some time clock-punching job. There's freedom in this game; that's the main reason I chose it." He summed up his personal philosophy in one sentence: "Life's not worth living if someone thinks he's in authority over you."<br />
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When Howard first learned that his Solomon Kane story, "Red Shadows", was to make the cover for the August 1928 issue of <i>Weird Tales</i>, it must have felt a great triumph; but then Wright sent him a desperate letter, asking for a carbon copy of the story, as the artist, E. M. Stevenson, had delivered the artwork but failed to return the manuscript, and the cover had already been printed. Unfortunately, Howard had no copy. In a flurry, he rewrote the story from memory, and the relieved editor paid Howard an extra $10 for his trouble.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjJiinP_raG8Fa4w9Gp5Eklz1aT6cBRBgETY3_fCTIhKyzeHmSB8M4e4WrK0651hAhRwk0T-o9SI1a3KAvOHwEQbuZ7LZ0b8l3B8uqRHULbn2imnk2GmhPJaJgNKK87pZHXKw6PzBf8PTJ/s1600/wtmar28.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1440" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjJiinP_raG8Fa4w9Gp5Eklz1aT6cBRBgETY3_fCTIhKyzeHmSB8M4e4WrK0651hAhRwk0T-o9SI1a3KAvOHwEQbuZ7LZ0b8l3B8uqRHULbn2imnk2GmhPJaJgNKK87pZHXKw6PzBf8PTJ/s400/wtmar28.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (March 1928)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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Howard's tales and poems began appearing more or less regularly in <i>Weird Tales</i> by 1928, and he quickly established himself as a favourite among readers. He augmented that income writing for other magazines, most notably <i>Fight Stories</i>, <i>Oriental Stories</i>, and <i>Action</i>, in a number of genres.<br />
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Howard's characters were piling up. Solomon Kane, Puritan swordsman, righter of wrongs, tall and grim -- almost spectral in appearance -- enjoyed some success after debuting in "Red Shadows" in the August 1928 issue of <i>Weird Tales</i>, but subsequent efforts, King Kull and Bran Mak Morn, didn't fare so well. Wright only bought two of Howard's Kull stories, and three of Bran Mak Morn, although one of them, "The Dark Man", is only peripherally related to the series.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqs2MvF5a6USyFVcRDATLhk9bAmdFwLefS8zd1cioElzu2TQPouQmREot9l9IWBTKyB2L5xik4p05O1aq8gU7LFwabAwMcMn_5__QzHHCQeFHRNRz9Ap81FrENwwV6Ltgiir84yj0YsRHo/s1600/wtaug28+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1027" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqs2MvF5a6USyFVcRDATLhk9bAmdFwLefS8zd1cioElzu2TQPouQmREot9l9IWBTKyB2L5xik4p05O1aq8gU7LFwabAwMcMn_5__QzHHCQeFHRNRz9Ap81FrENwwV6Ltgiir84yj0YsRHo/s400/wtaug28+cover.jpg" width="256" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (August 1928)<i>; cover by C. C. Senf</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs9MUsjSXo3fedmox_ljuX7tmGu0Y6ltsMyi6TNzszjExxMe5XMYKcV7shsqRYs2dvljJHtKHUGc4A0v0pEXxvsgcLYJOsjQIv1UggLmDRZcYQvI-07Z36KHLLrolKoZEB09sM_ExOQUCU/s1600/wtaug28+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1486" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs9MUsjSXo3fedmox_ljuX7tmGu0Y6ltsMyi6TNzszjExxMe5XMYKcV7shsqRYs2dvljJHtKHUGc4A0v0pEXxvsgcLYJOsjQIv1UggLmDRZcYQvI-07Z36KHLLrolKoZEB09sM_ExOQUCU/s400/wtaug28+2.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (August 1928)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Solomon Kane story</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Dags2m9hykt5yb3moRugkpK41pocfeNAQe76xoiIk3LPoiwZShazAAVi2XRZshf9w-zs1bRsTCclKhx1zb6ljhgYJv50MkcVdBorQIkWPx_wAXUWTOUIqUq63eE6ln3RlvR4U6EqiOnl/s1600/wtsept28.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1436" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Dags2m9hykt5yb3moRugkpK41pocfeNAQe76xoiIk3LPoiwZShazAAVi2XRZshf9w-zs1bRsTCclKhx1zb6ljhgYJv50MkcVdBorQIkWPx_wAXUWTOUIqUq63eE6ln3RlvR4U6EqiOnl/s400/wtsept28.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1928)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; rarely was a Howard poem illustrated</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8KfuraQxHaYBDiZNo7YiPCWqMuOiIDMHqKLahMiRNSv315bh13kktVwNHblwZPs3Rb5uFAMkSfHOJ2PhOHNQyDS0T-VjFPy6Ez_u-UDn0JnjU5ZkUwB34yOy-Sec4v0QMrqEaeFufZU3x/s1600/wtjan29.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1487" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8KfuraQxHaYBDiZNo7YiPCWqMuOiIDMHqKLahMiRNSv315bh13kktVwNHblwZPs3Rb5uFAMkSfHOJ2PhOHNQyDS0T-VjFPy6Ez_u-UDn0JnjU5ZkUwB34yOy-Sec4v0QMrqEaeFufZU3x/s400/wtjan29.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (January 1929)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Solomon Kane story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSMJYv0jrqETSdW8DgQk843Cn9lEB89JZTsu8v5_iwu6uW4uiotFiRgFcpfGtMqRyrticYFm9Sw481FX8WDZz0E4c0mBTCw_kbo0U0pFusPPrwIZtucITWZlWIT5NoA-rExglEGonmjJu6/s1600/rattle+of+bones.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1212" data-original-width="1600" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSMJYv0jrqETSdW8DgQk843Cn9lEB89JZTsu8v5_iwu6uW4uiotFiRgFcpfGtMqRyrticYFm9Sw481FX8WDZz0E4c0mBTCw_kbo0U0pFusPPrwIZtucITWZlWIT5NoA-rExglEGonmjJu6/s400/rattle+of+bones.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1929)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin (as </i>"<i>Doak</i>"<i>); a Solomon Kane story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhDvvTNVrEw7hO-zTNdX34FkYjnv7QYJOWpu4LKNKymX7oTNPeJMfDaCUBghohKkVKwAinOogxIiyO1IZuQxK7MvLGD6O1GRsRHuZfPLPw67eCSqjD8wqVy1FLxk-D4XomzF_rJWj7nAHH/s1600/shadow+kingdom.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1209" data-original-width="1600" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhDvvTNVrEw7hO-zTNdX34FkYjnv7QYJOWpu4LKNKymX7oTNPeJMfDaCUBghohKkVKwAinOogxIiyO1IZuQxK7MvLGD6O1GRsRHuZfPLPw67eCSqjD8wqVy1FLxk-D4XomzF_rJWj7nAHH/s400/shadow+kingdom.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (August 1929)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Kull story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv4l1NWsVOIBAgPbfFF8WDlnmybrQIACWuO6I-VRMHTEMH9h9SV0VBu4Y74IuT-gDCrESk5lNHypE2Z10WQ14nEIGiwoXfcJ36Y8NBV94QvDozi0QtgsI1RBtF19cWKyZ5ODwa9Ia_cB3O/s1600/wtsept29.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1480" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv4l1NWsVOIBAgPbfFF8WDlnmybrQIACWuO6I-VRMHTEMH9h9SV0VBu4Y74IuT-gDCrESk5lNHypE2Z10WQ14nEIGiwoXfcJ36Y8NBV94QvDozi0QtgsI1RBtF19cWKyZ5ODwa9Ia_cB3O/s400/wtsept29.jpg" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1929)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin (as </i>"<i>Doak</i>"<i>); a Kull story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYY49Vb4-JWY2fIeVnDRgHHQqB_EGuwF0w5LvlWqq2RG26HAjBehIxK-U_9icR2dM5CBLJiGHjMSMEFy9APi6b0746g2wIme66SK_37yglEzwJtX8wY7A5l7FsGN6bZ_QpuZ1DVyA8FilE/s1600/skull-face.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1225" data-original-width="1600" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYY49Vb4-JWY2fIeVnDRgHHQqB_EGuwF0w5LvlWqq2RG26HAjBehIxK-U_9icR2dM5CBLJiGHjMSMEFy9APi6b0746g2wIme66SK_37yglEzwJtX8wY7A5l7FsGN6bZ_QpuZ1DVyA8FilE/s400/skull-face.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (October 1929)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis6REwOcBTbERww7AGHSGM1MzIFhvPbNAoDtfj18M0jd8d06P_NQGDAMf-T_Y0bAVF-mS7HNRvjeu57BbpFPF4SjDonJwwYN7WDASgrSv6H9rkBV3rq20pTIQpi7k6VaHNL5LxeIXiy_-c/s1600/wtnov29+rankin+as+doak.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1429" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis6REwOcBTbERww7AGHSGM1MzIFhvPbNAoDtfj18M0jd8d06P_NQGDAMf-T_Y0bAVF-mS7HNRvjeu57BbpFPF4SjDonJwwYN7WDASgrSv6H9rkBV3rq20pTIQpi7k6VaHNL5LxeIXiy_-c/s400/wtnov29+rankin+as+doak.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1929)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin (as </i>"<i>Doak</i>"<i>)</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl63JwJbe0p-WmF2WZ00OESus8JdrRqrduHzVqJtVzlQZCKGYEtu0F1-2qiSDIHWH8V_ncGiqd9PJbEbz8q0Hm22wVePiUA-j53L5dHJfyxImK9kdbMHUXwtbE3R2d5y79PooNLz3oNRXH/s1600/wtdec29+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1431" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl63JwJbe0p-WmF2WZ00OESus8JdrRqrduHzVqJtVzlQZCKGYEtu0F1-2qiSDIHWH8V_ncGiqd9PJbEbz8q0Hm22wVePiUA-j53L5dHJfyxImK9kdbMHUXwtbE3R2d5y79PooNLz3oNRXH/s400/wtdec29+1.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1929)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin (as </i>"<i>Doak</i>"<i>)</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSl8UA-ea76aB56Lebh7on1KK94Eh8xeCwuG2f0niOcVY2pPY7G5AHwrcezfmLL8FSj6UIygmR4g2IKAp_If_t0LHoggTljm61EWWeJ6Cy6TC3S_6mWZXdcTKi-uR3696xOzKSqVhld_Eq/s1600/wtjune30+cover+rankin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1030" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSl8UA-ea76aB56Lebh7on1KK94Eh8xeCwuG2f0niOcVY2pPY7G5AHwrcezfmLL8FSj6UIygmR4g2IKAp_If_t0LHoggTljm61EWWeJ6Cy6TC3S_6mWZXdcTKi-uR3696xOzKSqVhld_Eq/s400/wtjune30+cover+rankin.jpg" width="256" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1930)<i>; cover by Hugh Rankin</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnTjoqTQ-2laWxb8JjO5g4mS0Yl8Wi9JDFvalQbhg0CcJrF4y4tUiHMbtZ9JZQeu2HcARLHDjHOx_1lyVB7cgarCggXOwHQDaPGp6ht2S7_q7UUX-FMaAzy7-q2Tpm3apDYmelMTfcjS1p/s1600/moon+of+skulls.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1242" data-original-width="1600" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnTjoqTQ-2laWxb8JjO5g4mS0Yl8Wi9JDFvalQbhg0CcJrF4y4tUiHMbtZ9JZQeu2HcARLHDjHOx_1lyVB7cgarCggXOwHQDaPGp6ht2S7_q7UUX-FMaAzy7-q2Tpm3apDYmelMTfcjS1p/s400/moon+of+skulls.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1930)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin (as </i>"<i>Doak</i>"<i>); a Solomon Kane story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIOeM1vexhJAnHEVvMzlHhyphenhyphenSWzT446evpzRMp08OK5Ebdi2uIG3V-VAaHVWdzPqXeoilrUrsreOPlAUPUs66KZI7wzyzjxjx_hdt8iTraSyAPEOQRglWEgibazmw_Dk8QVwd3Vh_cb8zBI/s1600/wtjuly30.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1426" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIOeM1vexhJAnHEVvMzlHhyphenhyphenSWzT446evpzRMp08OK5Ebdi2uIG3V-VAaHVWdzPqXeoilrUrsreOPlAUPUs66KZI7wzyzjxjx_hdt8iTraSyAPEOQRglWEgibazmw_Dk8QVwd3Vh_cb8zBI/s400/wtjuly30.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (July 1930)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin (as </i>"<i>Doak</i>"<i>); a Solomon Kane story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgshGTwEipvmX3cq9Zjx3s25b5H-IGl_GMkGlHFK-_QulussmASJSlKXY-VbqCbS11V96KGG8wxB2PRsKJMHQfJpgU6dmVdLKtTicIvEFiwLTj2pN2piukRmctCkk17-qYKAipyaQPm3O34/s1600/hills+of+the+dead.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1211" data-original-width="1600" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgshGTwEipvmX3cq9Zjx3s25b5H-IGl_GMkGlHFK-_QulussmASJSlKXY-VbqCbS11V96KGG8wxB2PRsKJMHQfJpgU6dmVdLKtTicIvEFiwLTj2pN2piukRmctCkk17-qYKAipyaQPm3O34/s400/hills+of+the+dead.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (August 1930)<i>; Illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Solomon Kane story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZzyKCCg7UAKsT7kRU-kNc0_ZyqfdpoDR9QivYJHLFHioBx4DsGKTSkPfLL-7xeu6w72jEa2yk0baQOa1af6daFvR9lmYl-0ETqqryIXOBApv74xraUeR5nyMjFS07Nn8XqwGWD6pZ0pKU/s1600/wtnov30.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1442" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZzyKCCg7UAKsT7kRU-kNc0_ZyqfdpoDR9QivYJHLFHioBx4DsGKTSkPfLL-7xeu6w72jEa2yk0baQOa1af6daFvR9lmYl-0ETqqryIXOBApv74xraUeR5nyMjFS07Nn8XqwGWD6pZ0pKU/s400/wtnov30.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1930)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Bran Mak Morn story</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWVFkbZqtGyiObZVfEzqQiLrW3cix4Iiwz7bUdgyZwzfqbbXSZB5KImPIzedprVUDLoLj3_Sm2tS7OhMQJlCZtzpGJiatpVQHZw6QFqfF2pqSdU_QrwhgOvX06brDGywXIMMz5k07ZnOJS/s1600/wtaprmay31.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1458" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWVFkbZqtGyiObZVfEzqQiLrW3cix4Iiwz7bUdgyZwzfqbbXSZB5KImPIzedprVUDLoLj3_Sm2tS7OhMQJlCZtzpGJiatpVQHZw6QFqfF2pqSdU_QrwhgOvX06brDGywXIMMz5k07ZnOJS/s400/wtaprmay31.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (April-May 1931)<i>; illustration by C. C. Senf</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha8TG4C1mzj05clXstl6SNUPgCB1GSIPsuk3Pqr-Fb9EiyF6LAr49t7gB3HPGUAATXL4SES30UGDV_xbxAVo2NoTHcFUfKR0_fk_BO0V1rBMKivsdSW93zidpM_7nkjMiYjSbyn5yfRQgT/s1600/footfalls+within.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1216" data-original-width="1600" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha8TG4C1mzj05clXstl6SNUPgCB1GSIPsuk3Pqr-Fb9EiyF6LAr49t7gB3HPGUAATXL4SES30UGDV_xbxAVo2NoTHcFUfKR0_fk_BO0V1rBMKivsdSW93zidpM_7nkjMiYjSbyn5yfRQgT/s400/footfalls+within.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1931)<i>; illustration by C. C. Senf</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPv0qU3FM-3gtet8JQyS1UUdRLEMmswE_wWfkDhIBDjq-hZ1rH3W_txv6IInF7E3Myt3M-wlbO5HWP4NvuPbb_8d8j9PxmQKWHPUWbTlodt1BNgpG6vqW2cg1bRvlq0PhPXwH49P_OJajQ/s1600/gods+of+bal-sagoth.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1212" data-original-width="1600" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPv0qU3FM-3gtet8JQyS1UUdRLEMmswE_wWfkDhIBDjq-hZ1rH3W_txv6IInF7E3Myt3M-wlbO5HWP4NvuPbb_8d8j9PxmQKWHPUWbTlodt1BNgpG6vqW2cg1bRvlq0PhPXwH49P_OJajQ/s400/gods+of+bal-sagoth.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (October 1931)<i>; illustration by Joseph Doolin</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsvaFEKgGLwytjSbQEaNDqn0C-C6YoF6ixMwdpbV8TtxS24Co_nD5Gcry3VH0OBqFZjxDYsuBV-eOuQnc8L8n9rOhAyn6bW76xD6BbZRuDgQFvAdOyYWPo_8URWQKjBy4kPx3iDEl2j-GK/s1600/wtnov31.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1420" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsvaFEKgGLwytjSbQEaNDqn0C-C6YoF6ixMwdpbV8TtxS24Co_nD5Gcry3VH0OBqFZjxDYsuBV-eOuQnc8L8n9rOhAyn6bW76xD6BbZRuDgQFvAdOyYWPo_8URWQKjBy4kPx3iDEl2j-GK/s400/wtnov31.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1931)<i>; illustration by Joseph Doolin</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOqtmQZQtkYXChCV-daUPWpOhZsRk5a9YUWXpL6o2IwVhP42jJmMDeccaJrkItgK8ZhPu0mq18vXUmW-t6ZgvjMMc5ZwvXpsWsQOwAGP5gSmZo1oWdID2oNB0PvTMGRf1Zsvjjs0OeVBV7/s1600/dark+man.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1177" data-original-width="1600" height="293" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOqtmQZQtkYXChCV-daUPWpOhZsRk5a9YUWXpL6o2IwVhP42jJmMDeccaJrkItgK8ZhPu0mq18vXUmW-t6ZgvjMMc5ZwvXpsWsQOwAGP5gSmZo1oWdID2oNB0PvTMGRf1Zsvjjs0OeVBV7/s400/dark+man.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1931)<i>; illustration by C. C. Senf</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjkKKeIgW_jbOqvPXkFPP1NUF4beHy-KaTPyJSJwy_gB1VhGFsfkrWtw_kNXLhN_QNVdIfRIo52lVyy6Fn9v5XRF0cm69slh5daAz1VBrcRY1a3uZPPAWdr4yXlx-ZDF6PoD6LtqNBnyka/s1600/wtfeb32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1423" data-original-width="961" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjkKKeIgW_jbOqvPXkFPP1NUF4beHy-KaTPyJSJwy_gB1VhGFsfkrWtw_kNXLhN_QNVdIfRIo52lVyy6Fn9v5XRF0cm69slh5daAz1VBrcRY1a3uZPPAWdr4yXlx-ZDF6PoD6LtqNBnyka/s400/wtfeb32.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (February 1932)<i>; illustration by Joseph Doolin</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgv3EqAK_PZ2TeJepHntMwAGsr6kZaqWVhW2NnNk3F7PbgSCNUvkVW4pgTQ5a-0vCqmFBzHGcjdRJqevRDbdy4WC2OE_qhLtZD8qqDMNRWbMhImdxWQWpzOxzUvg5K7akg8aho9_ksPC0C/s1600/wtmay32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1452" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgv3EqAK_PZ2TeJepHntMwAGsr6kZaqWVhW2NnNk3F7PbgSCNUvkVW4pgTQ5a-0vCqmFBzHGcjdRJqevRDbdy4WC2OE_qhLtZD8qqDMNRWbMhImdxWQWpzOxzUvg5K7akg8aho9_ksPC0C/s400/wtmay32.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1932)<i>; illustration by T. Wyatt Nelson</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-yYTbnBRmyb51tWQ9kxX2W3VYj7ltXrJCthyphenhyphenIxPzKDEW_5RJfLmbRG-F53JqG2UeOCp0HIVQniz3XgpxT_RCfWkdqm-5hXEHBUqvkezbNYtqHECSgWGLjC4Lm0yTt8l9SQIj35oN-tX1u/s1600/wtjuly32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1438" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-yYTbnBRmyb51tWQ9kxX2W3VYj7ltXrJCthyphenhyphenIxPzKDEW_5RJfLmbRG-F53JqG2UeOCp0HIVQniz3XgpxT_RCfWkdqm-5hXEHBUqvkezbNYtqHECSgWGLjC4Lm0yTt8l9SQIj35oN-tX1u/s400/wtjuly32.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (July 1932)<i>; illustration by T. Wyatt Nelson; a Solomon Kane story</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7CehgyU9QOeyR0m4A9yN1AMYogHivSHOvOGMO0tGsR_jWtIjPaklq7-VFnXR1IA0vixPZfRP4h2e-8Muo0bXg4d4Og7i8SUf_8X1qkZmo0NJQSjN94m-05DZ3qcoDA3jF0jt1KCD5_2NC/s1600/wtnov32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1446" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7CehgyU9QOeyR0m4A9yN1AMYogHivSHOvOGMO0tGsR_jWtIjPaklq7-VFnXR1IA0vixPZfRP4h2e-8Muo0bXg4d4Og7i8SUf_8X1qkZmo0NJQSjN94m-05DZ3qcoDA3jF0jt1KCD5_2NC/s400/wtnov32.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1932)<i>; illustration by T. Wyatt Nelson; a Bran Mak Morn story</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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If Howard wasn't eager to get a regular job, it wasn't for lack of a work ethic. "I have worked as much as eighteen hours a day at my typewriter, but it was work of my own choosing, and I could quit any time I wanted to without getting fired from the job." But his writing habits weren't consistent. "I'm provokingly indolent in writing. I work in bursts and spurts. I may turn out a month's output in a few days, and then loaf for weeks. I have written 12,000 words in a day, but I couldn't keep up such a pace, not by any manner or means, or even 10,000 words, for any length of time. I sell so little, though, that I have to produce a great deal in order to make a living at all."<br />
<br />
He had no complaints about incessantly pounding the keys of his Underwood typewriter; and rejections were one of life's little disappointments. "[A]fter all, even the bitterness of existence has its compensations, slight though they may be. To be brought up in the lap of luxury, to live a life of idle pleasure -- never to know the bite of cold, the sting of heat, the pangs of hunger, and the agony of unceasing toil, the black bitterness of failure, the sordities of poverty, the blood, the grime, and the sweat -- to live such a life is to miss the full grip of human realities."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYwyvWVcdhqc8ALLbR_z1eZhRxKgf0yUi6xvOu7dKG-wPVd0SdxpQ64p3JqlWrfJQ4cEqLYikkPsQBfWBISPa8sXIou2LtS9_hu2xnXfmE7-8hMmBWLtFKVKgNtAuXWuRv2pNHBmsQEbX1/s1600/wtdec32.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1416" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYwyvWVcdhqc8ALLbR_z1eZhRxKgf0yUi6xvOu7dKG-wPVd0SdxpQ64p3JqlWrfJQ4cEqLYikkPsQBfWBISPa8sXIou2LtS9_hu2xnXfmE7-8hMmBWLtFKVKgNtAuXWuRv2pNHBmsQEbX1/s400/wtdec32.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1932)<i>; illustration by Jayem Wilcox; the first Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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HITHER CAME CONAN<br />
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Late in 1932 <i>Weird Tales</i> introduced Conan, who would prove to be Howard's most successful creation. "Conan simply grew up in my mind a few years ago when I was stopping in a little border town on the lower Rio Grande. I did not create him by any conscious process. He simply stalked full grown out of oblivion and set me at work recording the saga of his adventures..." He was enthusiastic about his latest creation. "Episode crowded upon episode so fast that I could scarcely keep up with them. For weeks I did nothing but write of the adventures of Conan."<br />
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"[H]is supernatural adventures aside -- he is the most realistic character I ever evolved. He is simply a combination of a number of men I have known...prize-fighters, gunmen, bootleggers, oil field bullies, gamblers, and honest workmen..."<br />
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Howard himself was a large man: six feet tall, barrel-chested, averaging 200 lbs. (His weight went up and down frequently, depending on the amount of groceries the family's budget would allow.) He lifted weights, played with guns and swords, rode horses, boxed and wrestled with his friends; but only in his imagination was he akin to his many heroic characters.<br />
<br />
Nor was he well-travelled, like Conan, who wandered over much of the known world and spoke at least a dozen languages. Howard rarely left Texas, or strayed far from home, for that matter. Isolated geographically, he met only one other <i>Weird Tales</i> author, E. Hoffmann Price, with whom he'd corresponded. In 1934, headed for California, Price drove hundreds of miles out of his way to meet Howard.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnIzOvs7_Dj4JBS2bqHKmf1Y94bJTAmqZRlXsc9Moc47RxoDEBN35CSOxha7m7mBWvqLL0MlREYBRJcbfg2aaeYAzuF06o1vGJ7SIQNZtJ1y6K5QzMylf6tHoOWjCglZno-BK5dGN1vhNu/s1600/robert+e+howard+%2528sword%2529+and+truett+vinson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="373" data-original-width="600" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnIzOvs7_Dj4JBS2bqHKmf1Y94bJTAmqZRlXsc9Moc47RxoDEBN35CSOxha7m7mBWvqLL0MlREYBRJcbfg2aaeYAzuF06o1vGJ7SIQNZtJ1y6K5QzMylf6tHoOWjCglZno-BK5dGN1vhNu/s400/robert+e+howard+%2528sword%2529+and+truett+vinson.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Robert E. Howard (left); he had a collection of swords, some of them antiques</i></span></td></tr>
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<br />
Fortunately, Howard had two friends somewhat nearer in location, Tevis Clyde Smith and Truett Vinson, from his Brownwood High days. Smith's high school sweetheart, Novelyn Price, became Howard's girlfriend in 1934, but their difficult relationship lasted less than two years. Towards the end she started seeing Truett Vinson. Howard tried to maintain a friendship with Miss Price, but even that dwindled into oblivion.<br />
<br />
What must have seemed like a betrayal on Vinson's part seems all the more cruel considering this painful passage from a 1928 letter to Harold Preece: "I notice this much -- Truett or Clyde, together or alone, quite often are taken up by girls, but that the dames usually pass me up, even if they know me -- and pass us all up when I am with the crowd. I suppose that there is something forbidding about my appearance, which is usually unshaven and careless and God knows I was never accused of beauty."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhON81XN9dfLQ2t-cvGKmE71VAXeiOoDMhfzKWKpe4ZF_Z4BbbiYmUQTe8MGezT6W4eC4RMZ4pxpTrF8WDUDMBEvQGAILHcxCQjp8mYSavoEFlzzzmJ4Lg_Z5kuz2gYIf7EVp-kdT1j5kM8/s1600/wtjan33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1463" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhON81XN9dfLQ2t-cvGKmE71VAXeiOoDMhfzKWKpe4ZF_Z4BbbiYmUQTe8MGezT6W4eC4RMZ4pxpTrF8WDUDMBEvQGAILHcxCQjp8mYSavoEFlzzzmJ4Lg_Z5kuz2gYIf7EVp-kdT1j5kM8/s400/wtjan33.jpg" width="261" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (January 1933)<i>; illustration by Jayem Wilcox; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUyd_6bhsBV2hPnd91pzc6PctWfk7-HCrmrb0zcDDxqr9lQPxxz0Ilx4jT2fyKuqIHwvTzsIvPiApSU0BDTj3QGxd9X3xbV-1iHaCvKbVYqy8Y_-l3ytT95cq95Sg2bDQsEG4nnufIVRuA/s1600/wtmar33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1408" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUyd_6bhsBV2hPnd91pzc6PctWfk7-HCrmrb0zcDDxqr9lQPxxz0Ilx4jT2fyKuqIHwvTzsIvPiApSU0BDTj3QGxd9X3xbV-1iHaCvKbVYqy8Y_-l3ytT95cq95Sg2bDQsEG4nnufIVRuA/s400/wtmar33.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (March 1933)<i>; illustration by Jayem Wilcox; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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Howard sent two Conan stories to Wright, "The Phoenix on the Sword" and "The Frost-Giant's Daughter". In contrast, the events in the two stories occur when Conan is middleaged and teenaged, respectively. This capriciousness of chronology would become typical of the series. According to Howard, "In writing these yarns I've always felt less as creating them than as if I were simply chronicling his adventures as he told them to me. That's why they skip about so much, without following a regular order. The average adventurer, telling tales of a wild life at random, seldom follows any ordered plan, but narrates episodes widely separated by space and years, as they occur to him."<br />
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"The Frost-Giant's Daughter", a rather poetic effort, was rejected. "The Phoenix on the Sword", a rewrite of an unpublished Kull story, "By This Axe I Rule", was used in the December 1932 issue. Readers kept demanding more. Nine Conan stories made the cover, beginning with "Black Colossus" (June 1933), though the Cimmerian appears on only three of them; all were painted in pastels by Margaret Brundage.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFrLoFJXN2epFNXKuBlMh72JwRTM5PyLx1-v9ShCJm72JlleCBArlgGwV-gDdamN9yt4pV_vaK29XeCIm0eyuQko00zs0YqpCp531_6vx5CGRx_hqW5CryY7rNrnFxOBbvF4u1z_aQus42/s1600/wtjune33+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1432" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFrLoFJXN2epFNXKuBlMh72JwRTM5PyLx1-v9ShCJm72JlleCBArlgGwV-gDdamN9yt4pV_vaK29XeCIm0eyuQko00zs0YqpCp531_6vx5CGRx_hqW5CryY7rNrnFxOBbvF4u1z_aQus42/s400/wtjune33+cover.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1933)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage; first cover for a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOOy4FmNBVzxWUv8MlBSTFLzt4RZoCMyLUFGM6GK5qgYzYIPjYkfwLGRbhRpCldZt7RI8-iXSAN3B9F-59C_IQsckl7_DlUcPPnRo1GlxInZQg0wGcsWu2jvJcjFT8KRQmxX1b1yEFyVyT/s1600/wtjune33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1454" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOOy4FmNBVzxWUv8MlBSTFLzt4RZoCMyLUFGM6GK5qgYzYIPjYkfwLGRbhRpCldZt7RI8-iXSAN3B9F-59C_IQsckl7_DlUcPPnRo1GlxInZQg0wGcsWu2jvJcjFT8KRQmxX1b1yEFyVyT/s400/wtjune33.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1933)<i>; illustration by Jayem Wilcox; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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In The Eyrie, <i>Weird Tales</i>' letters column, Howard expressed some admiration for Brundage's charming covers: "Enthusiasm impels me to pause from burning spines of cactus for my drouth-bedevilled goats long enough to give three slightly dust-choked cheers for the April cover illustration. The colour combination is vivid and attractive, the lady is luscious, and altogether I think it's the best thing Mrs Brundage has done since she illustrated my <i>Black Colossus</i>. And that's no depreciation of the covers done between these master-pictures."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitIzNgFeyeJ-gvY4KcFNcrP_E9s1mDQSbIsA5Cp2nOAEhfHa33lWF1bLmznVjgaNGhtHpTIht8KAsPwSVGs2acM1yILNDy7XyImnEGsSEzIoxsCpaCIM3qxdRsJkrYXiYjWDT_XikfUpy1/s1600/wtsept33+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1413" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitIzNgFeyeJ-gvY4KcFNcrP_E9s1mDQSbIsA5Cp2nOAEhfHa33lWF1bLmznVjgaNGhtHpTIht8KAsPwSVGs2acM1yILNDy7XyImnEGsSEzIoxsCpaCIM3qxdRsJkrYXiYjWDT_XikfUpy1/s400/wtsept33+cover.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1933)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirOwyAOfR3UIEsOmN8CyphOiz-ys4DCvUawTkRbxWgG1_AmpzUsEwc4Pgv8loMxljw1vQJYhcQtZqvTndtHPN8ZcwoX_N8IwJGj1v1tMHIq8MeGsy0egYuhL5-h7SbFNE3au3MO6TkuSZO/s1600/wtsept33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1491" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirOwyAOfR3UIEsOmN8CyphOiz-ys4DCvUawTkRbxWgG1_AmpzUsEwc4Pgv8loMxljw1vQJYhcQtZqvTndtHPN8ZcwoX_N8IwJGj1v1tMHIq8MeGsy0egYuhL5-h7SbFNE3au3MO6TkuSZO/s400/wtsept33.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1933)<i>; illustration by Jayem Wilcox; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJB8C7aPiiCkrlx_oES8r2v2ZVgn2c3DVOULt0XhIxpHOJ9kKbUiXxKrGjMfUAYkTirZYfF8AZsVVkEUjHoq-r9FmNPqEuTYBUQtW3HyC0FwG0N0nUvCMsTN4L26u5XuNCXzoMdyEqZOSo/s1600/wtoct33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1458" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJB8C7aPiiCkrlx_oES8r2v2ZVgn2c3DVOULt0XhIxpHOJ9kKbUiXxKrGjMfUAYkTirZYfF8AZsVVkEUjHoq-r9FmNPqEuTYBUQtW3HyC0FwG0N0nUvCMsTN4L26u5XuNCXzoMdyEqZOSo/s400/wtoct33.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (October 1933)<i>; illustration by Jayem Wilcox; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhudZlXgOl4RPL6AAHX0Ar_eGJ5VpYk0EAsOTbW-8BUUiiuWw4_E8D0FYTXlpJ6HrWFOyJ3sk1JN1RU4N4_I4SXd0B2VClIYZ_ESnNpXU42A9ySPdKwxX0x_kQhHKL9VHf7Kf99q2XYQjda/s1600/wtjan34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1441" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhudZlXgOl4RPL6AAHX0Ar_eGJ5VpYk0EAsOTbW-8BUUiiuWw4_E8D0FYTXlpJ6HrWFOyJ3sk1JN1RU4N4_I4SXd0B2VClIYZ_ESnNpXU42A9ySPdKwxX0x_kQhHKL9VHf7Kf99q2XYQjda/s400/wtjan34.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (January 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLdFSWM7kFt-A09gCvi0EowG9VwqAJ1Y3EW1Pfxdlpi-rorHQ1pu6cqA4Evad8oDyIKlDp95GkBIicruOn-Jf4OwH35z2SNDb5CHBHZu9_v6RBSyuFHkpUgx14cZBgbH7aWFQFezptpHB1/s1600/wtfeb34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1462" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLdFSWM7kFt-A09gCvi0EowG9VwqAJ1Y3EW1Pfxdlpi-rorHQ1pu6cqA4Evad8oDyIKlDp95GkBIicruOn-Jf4OwH35z2SNDb5CHBHZu9_v6RBSyuFHkpUgx14cZBgbH7aWFQFezptpHB1/s400/wtfeb34.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (February 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyCZ8dV9K69PdbZ9YhumP1Stwz8vgRG-BhwQzzv_rM75ye0vnJSmArKynIsK1G8qdCO8lj1iED42aC9xm5sCRAJ89K1MhKJincNtixMM0DiQIKUFTu0Ms-sWjuaclEqrhpoTdzuY0-L-N5/s1600/wtapr34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1451" data-original-width="961" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyCZ8dV9K69PdbZ9YhumP1Stwz8vgRG-BhwQzzv_rM75ye0vnJSmArKynIsK1G8qdCO8lj1iED42aC9xm5sCRAJ89K1MhKJincNtixMM0DiQIKUFTu0Ms-sWjuaclEqrhpoTdzuY0-L-N5/s400/wtapr34.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (April 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLAkpYL3unM1rVL-jDwdbKtnNLI5KafDk-zgrTKjezMMZIeAyiMP5vZX5JBTeaZUMrHvLJnsy1HVrmrDy1k11-XZ1U14fySyXNIwNpFvFLb2Q10iGvT81Kiw0wuY6WiHxhsyzsc5F61SnU/s1600/wtmay34+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1435" data-original-width="961" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLAkpYL3unM1rVL-jDwdbKtnNLI5KafDk-zgrTKjezMMZIeAyiMP5vZX5JBTeaZUMrHvLJnsy1HVrmrDy1k11-XZ1U14fySyXNIwNpFvFLb2Q10iGvT81Kiw0wuY6WiHxhsyzsc5F61SnU/s400/wtmay34+cover.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1934)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0uWXMqa1qoocO7hCGshiWAE8MACkeo6eptRrU0WJKzNuh6tUHMNMyBB7XDLFZSExOf4v3NSBY-ZdHO73G0zv0T1hYamKVclqUHX5yCc2Md3tuQ62AWctTTD6IwSLSadsgb8QpdbJ1jDqI/s1600/wtmay34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1422" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0uWXMqa1qoocO7hCGshiWAE8MACkeo6eptRrU0WJKzNuh6tUHMNMyBB7XDLFZSExOf4v3NSBY-ZdHO73G0zv0T1hYamKVclqUHX5yCc2Md3tuQ62AWctTTD6IwSLSadsgb8QpdbJ1jDqI/s400/wtmay34.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story; a note near the beginning of the story explains that Brundage was asked to illustrate this climactic scene for the cover, and Rankin a different scene, but he</i>'<i>d already sent this one in</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-u2k66MbugF4F-14G5QW09NgXejxY4XuPcclo2dWXUMmD5bFbaX15xJYEeKxci1jc5CpPpI5tAAMzXBwTQyACCkrHedQIrvBuWkE-AQABI1xERsZpXwAlfLaA8WODjbbg7xkI3Nkwv_jl/s1600/wtjune34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1410" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-u2k66MbugF4F-14G5QW09NgXejxY4XuPcclo2dWXUMmD5bFbaX15xJYEeKxci1jc5CpPpI5tAAMzXBwTQyACCkrHedQIrvBuWkE-AQABI1xERsZpXwAlfLaA8WODjbbg7xkI3Nkwv_jl/s400/wtjune34.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1934)<i>; illustration by H. R. Hammond</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTye1uGeOy9DDugmLWBU7I_Id9oLBi5c9c-a0NIQ7B_YgIw95B7CeXWjWdzZGYsbxURdPHhX5Q-CGV3MqhqQochjE8AT8PUXAbXEpiwky6DBxcfWRjefq88qJHHglGaDQISSKnesuwcE0S/s1600/wtaug34+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1443" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTye1uGeOy9DDugmLWBU7I_Id9oLBi5c9c-a0NIQ7B_YgIw95B7CeXWjWdzZGYsbxURdPHhX5Q-CGV3MqhqQochjE8AT8PUXAbXEpiwky6DBxcfWRjefq88qJHHglGaDQISSKnesuwcE0S/s400/wtaug34+cover.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (August 1934)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM7ONMp-kVpi2EbGFOKp9vV-4AJJT2sPKOwiC1M7OQxEy_PT2E2uV8O6MuXWhH2XOZg3CRdDuvfutJnLfEq-NTn5gjHS2X-_w2sppbMX5NuI0qnR6lj0Yn7S3jnrYErN2C6vOcBrGeL3-a/s1600/wtaug34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1440" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM7ONMp-kVpi2EbGFOKp9vV-4AJJT2sPKOwiC1M7OQxEy_PT2E2uV8O6MuXWhH2XOZg3CRdDuvfutJnLfEq-NTn5gjHS2X-_w2sppbMX5NuI0qnR6lj0Yn7S3jnrYErN2C6vOcBrGeL3-a/s400/wtaug34.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (August 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz3v4TCTejCVaVLrcDyxTnR1pGWZx4jbGl7ClpbsY57dVndXrvjaQbqZK-v15XRv8JxqkZbhK1VevyycXWLa6d756bEBkt6S375iJXQGAIC-wg_amFUY9dApayziOoxbSCtsouvhnwgELP/s1600/wtsept34+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1434" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz3v4TCTejCVaVLrcDyxTnR1pGWZx4jbGl7ClpbsY57dVndXrvjaQbqZK-v15XRv8JxqkZbhK1VevyycXWLa6d756bEBkt6S375iJXQGAIC-wg_amFUY9dApayziOoxbSCtsouvhnwgELP/s400/wtsept34+cover.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1934)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE7WxKb7TAuaaz6SgaAVbiemJMMu1wVuSNs7VcSeWw_rOg0NwgQLJpfrHpF0B7cWjpR-aZ0t8-v-Df-rzOoSPzPPY2dco7yK6GbQ2mg6ViDln6rfxo6oRO9v5N2dA-8qnKdJ3QoDS6ds65/s1600/wtsept34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1379" data-original-width="896" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE7WxKb7TAuaaz6SgaAVbiemJMMu1wVuSNs7VcSeWw_rOg0NwgQLJpfrHpF0B7cWjpR-aZ0t8-v-Df-rzOoSPzPPY2dco7yK6GbQ2mg6ViDln6rfxo6oRO9v5N2dA-8qnKdJ3QoDS6ds65/s400/wtsept34.jpg" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW5fIC6WtjAJK5et9tcM8spoukUn2YMGd-3GvcSIvrElLAczrhHIASa2PnXpixG6NTVI6G3t8xjcrlFalYyBnjbf1j6vKJGf0SCyNYZaI0991v3KEIn57s83-N2kcXjaJwplTBuv7piXu7/s1600/wtoct34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1409" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW5fIC6WtjAJK5et9tcM8spoukUn2YMGd-3GvcSIvrElLAczrhHIASa2PnXpixG6NTVI6G3t8xjcrlFalYyBnjbf1j6vKJGf0SCyNYZaI0991v3KEIn57s83-N2kcXjaJwplTBuv7piXu7/s400/wtoct34.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (October 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7gRU3f9DUNllV7hW4QPiVs7aW74Y7vqMvy4h7eZohNNVZjb_O9egkZSmK5d3JLXzxwC_oSR2TwwXqRyB8YQW3MqPPUchO-oK2_ynfMw0ahh3mtvdPrm9hxLxVyGDOD7TS7iF64UIomUl9/s1600/wtnov34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1470" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7gRU3f9DUNllV7hW4QPiVs7aW74Y7vqMvy4h7eZohNNVZjb_O9egkZSmK5d3JLXzxwC_oSR2TwwXqRyB8YQW3MqPPUchO-oK2_ynfMw0ahh3mtvdPrm9hxLxVyGDOD7TS7iF64UIomUl9/s400/wtnov34.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAmUoYAKHkLAzKDu05fpAgFQ9tfEtpeIg1BEIa7wEq9vUqk40PW47lah6fdko-ze2oVaYi1SnKnn4HKgruOzgHKpSdyWXsyrvXIWmeLubaMOJKXGP7R86IWs2UXfa3nZkWnbxhpH_SR86u/s1600/wtdec34+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1415" data-original-width="961" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAmUoYAKHkLAzKDu05fpAgFQ9tfEtpeIg1BEIa7wEq9vUqk40PW47lah6fdko-ze2oVaYi1SnKnn4HKgruOzgHKpSdyWXsyrvXIWmeLubaMOJKXGP7R86IWs2UXfa3nZkWnbxhpH_SR86u/s400/wtdec34+cover.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1934)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmU-bKGehFSfMNCt1UvzxmY6wh5vDjb4r0R661Kw-mJEByCbrm03KsMwVmTZ0obp0HJaQreP0sLmrNw8QapPQKphyphenhyphenRdL2cErzCiEnYrwgcLqpatS5OLm-eCvd86z0hmpauNCFCTwrOnXKk/s1600/wtdec34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1421" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmU-bKGehFSfMNCt1UvzxmY6wh5vDjb4r0R661Kw-mJEByCbrm03KsMwVmTZ0obp0HJaQreP0sLmrNw8QapPQKphyphenhyphenRdL2cErzCiEnYrwgcLqpatS5OLm-eCvd86z0hmpauNCFCTwrOnXKk/s400/wtdec34.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1934)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
In the same letter to the Eyrie, Howard lauded the talents of another artist: "I must also express my appreciation to Mr. Napoli, who has done a splendid job of illustrating my serial." In a personal letter, Howard offered a minor complaint of Napoli: "...at times he seems to give him a sort of Latin cast of the countenance which isn't according to type, as I conceive it." The serial alluded to was the unusually lengthy "Hour of the Dragon", which appeared over the course of five issues, and which had been written much earlier.<br />
<br />
"As you doubtless remember," wrote Howard to British publisher, Dennis Archer, "in your letter of Jan. 9th., 1934, you suggested that I submit a full length novel, on the order of the weird short stories submitted, to your allied company of Pauling & Ness, Ltd. Under separate cover, I am sending you a 75,000 word novel, entitled 'The Hour of the Dragon', written according to your suggestions."<br />
<br />
Howard had completed the story by May of 1934 by rehashing many of the elements found in previous Conan tales. Unfortunately, the publisher went bankrupt, putting the kibosh on Howard's novel.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3-oIeCC_cM-Yq8wajyltlNFDwLWTXOt3v7OpFroF7Zv2b59PI4gT4xAo8TmoaOFaQZ0lJ02tFq0hOL-P5CWr_GofHNFACQIWZ_f35qz2jxJPBuW_0h0WMXY3uuOiaysX7-jeKhgEx_E9J/s1600/wtfeb35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1404" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3-oIeCC_cM-Yq8wajyltlNFDwLWTXOt3v7OpFroF7Zv2b59PI4gT4xAo8TmoaOFaQZ0lJ02tFq0hOL-P5CWr_GofHNFACQIWZ_f35qz2jxJPBuW_0h0WMXY3uuOiaysX7-jeKhgEx_E9J/s400/wtfeb35.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (February 1935)<i>; illustration by Vincent Napoli</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0mCbAz5VWrONy_lofk3tngLOoEnwrVDzv8fgGvG3hrl-kYx7637TC-3I_ndJEN_ANcbUFur_LDgF5JWL0YsPIRkPhdDhFI74tUF5hzemNc5ZEZ6djPAf17r7U-H5j3G6fZ_svYDE2q1ER/s1600/wtmar35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1424" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0mCbAz5VWrONy_lofk3tngLOoEnwrVDzv8fgGvG3hrl-kYx7637TC-3I_ndJEN_ANcbUFur_LDgF5JWL0YsPIRkPhdDhFI74tUF5hzemNc5ZEZ6djPAf17r7U-H5j3G6fZ_svYDE2q1ER/s400/wtmar35.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (March 1935)<i>; illustration by Joseph Doolin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcWwyo9JsDoBmnwsBGVqwsQ7pjM70U-NNZt33QCVSiwLpqQxWLJBqC_dT6Wo13v31YS132Y-uDrbzcNp9vjRHmd54SXEa6Aqmya6pt4LhToN2BWYB7P9tTODKx1mvIctnzBs5v8QBg-HuK/s1600/wtmay35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1425" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcWwyo9JsDoBmnwsBGVqwsQ7pjM70U-NNZt33QCVSiwLpqQxWLJBqC_dT6Wo13v31YS132Y-uDrbzcNp9vjRHmd54SXEa6Aqmya6pt4LhToN2BWYB7P9tTODKx1mvIctnzBs5v8QBg-HuK/s400/wtmay35.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1935)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1ANw3q2FHMBT9qdEQY9ZPG-KR06UxxTWfpuDBe1kb5qHMeoJAPzBQMBSiAznGfrsJpCSlYqjGTinxWz-pNtUqsdOumDXpnwsieaxT_j-2I41rQHoEeXYhSwiMNWxsIcRSSQH2w_a3TtXJ/s1600/wtjune35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1418" data-original-width="951" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1ANw3q2FHMBT9qdEQY9ZPG-KR06UxxTWfpuDBe1kb5qHMeoJAPzBQMBSiAznGfrsJpCSlYqjGTinxWz-pNtUqsdOumDXpnwsieaxT_j-2I41rQHoEeXYhSwiMNWxsIcRSSQH2w_a3TtXJ/s400/wtjune35.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1935)<i>; illustration by Hugh Rankin; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwg0hk7exumgZjo70pcZFzX3UXPA4KAsF57WR_n3w_h6xvzzPMVDbbxFpFfL-qZGTyT7K3MhGW4U_Q_lEhUopW6eiqTyoaNzCMNjGSLmvUmdprUSSDpHejuforkOu0oT5Y48pnmG7Pitvb/s1600/wtnov35+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1429" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwg0hk7exumgZjo70pcZFzX3UXPA4KAsF57WR_n3w_h6xvzzPMVDbbxFpFfL-qZGTyT7K3MhGW4U_Q_lEhUopW6eiqTyoaNzCMNjGSLmvUmdprUSSDpHejuforkOu0oT5Y48pnmG7Pitvb/s400/wtnov35+cover.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1935)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxQm4iMeuu9qLPgRy9dyvAOEM_5V1l_gVzYUd6HzTMHLm-7UHZbTCe9WsnNCnCWj8DaYVSv_JQZDR119xx1tQrYIwE8pe_s3GEUB9CXzvvHKI0Kk3jW3jG_tLR6WA9jhlSOucMrCDV7A0E/s1600/wtnov35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1448" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxQm4iMeuu9qLPgRy9dyvAOEM_5V1l_gVzYUd6HzTMHLm-7UHZbTCe9WsnNCnCWj8DaYVSv_JQZDR119xx1tQrYIwE8pe_s3GEUB9CXzvvHKI0Kk3jW3jG_tLR6WA9jhlSOucMrCDV7A0E/s400/wtnov35.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1935)<i>; illustration by Vincent Napoli; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
One of Howard's favourite illustrators was Hugh Rankin, who occasionally signed his name "Doak". "I am a sort of a fiend about Rankin's illustrations", Howard wrote in 1934; he considered Joseph Patrick Doolin "equally good."<br />
<br />
Polite remarks aside, one has to wonder if Howard was ever fully satisfied with the way Conan was rendered by the <i>Weird Tales</i> illustrators, Jayem Wilcox, Hugh Rankin, Joseph Doolin, Vincent Napoli, and Harold S. De Lay. The drawings, intended as ephemera, ranged from serviceable to spectacular; yet no one seemed to adequately capture the wild barbarian described by Howard.<br />
<br />
"The Cimmerians are tall and powerful, with black hair and blue or grey eyes," Howard mentioned in "The Hyborian Age". Fully grown, Conan was "almost a giant in stature". Still in his teens in "The Tower of the Elephant", the Cimmerian is already an impressive figure: "His cheap tunic could not conceal the hard, rangy lines of his powerful frame, the broad heavy shoulders, the massive chest, lean waist, and heavy arms. His skin was brown from outland suns, his eyes blue and smoldering..." The Cimmerian battled other gigantic men, but rarely met anyone taller than he. <br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyIfOC45VJek03u-4fEgxSbDayNxX_YpsOjGLAzHnehS8vN3nC81kr6tKQfxsOFAzK6Pf1_exI-3VlS0UmIyNnN7Jw8b3lFhQjXEdXVqnzyaxjTqofPvGXgVcl10QbMp597ms7m9ygn7uL/s1600/wtdec35+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1431" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyIfOC45VJek03u-4fEgxSbDayNxX_YpsOjGLAzHnehS8vN3nC81kr6tKQfxsOFAzK6Pf1_exI-3VlS0UmIyNnN7Jw8b3lFhQjXEdXVqnzyaxjTqofPvGXgVcl10QbMp597ms7m9ygn7uL/s400/wtdec35+cover.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1935)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUc61vwmXNgt_8CqxGKPWKi_FOmkOlVCpOSFYqS6JbwWeLPcSCrL1L4FXd00SaKk5kSBq74WvOqQ7L3W3XTKORMjLjS0iDSG-ON-xHNJMDtLUa2BsqxaXXuBhBbRPN6ZrhaXzGb7jHdzdy/s1600/wtdec35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1419" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUc61vwmXNgt_8CqxGKPWKi_FOmkOlVCpOSFYqS6JbwWeLPcSCrL1L4FXd00SaKk5kSBq74WvOqQ7L3W3XTKORMjLjS0iDSG-ON-xHNJMDtLUa2BsqxaXXuBhBbRPN6ZrhaXzGb7jHdzdy/s400/wtdec35.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1935)<i>; illustration by Vincent Napoli; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiT99h9penB-2icktYGZA8rthhHIM8JG7lKXvNkc7tRQVhJ6Eyda8kqYGWNgAyepfq2_1vbAkRJmif8szXkUYHwYSJQdUb_XmsKhTYStay4dBQojWr2luzgrQe780cD6G0wx6ZCjKD2UEE/s1600/wtjan36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1422" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiT99h9penB-2icktYGZA8rthhHIM8JG7lKXvNkc7tRQVhJ6Eyda8kqYGWNgAyepfq2_1vbAkRJmif8szXkUYHwYSJQdUb_XmsKhTYStay4dBQojWr2luzgrQe780cD6G0wx6ZCjKD2UEE/s400/wtjan36.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (January 1936)<i>; illustration by Vincent Napoli; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK-PCLrIBi-7mL5rbHOElZcRQkPOY1DnNdK2hyk0zpO95QfszOyKfpkeP8npVR3jvTikEWJtgtIbHA1cCeMOrbJ5YMcqMCoH2eXgJwwffLVeM4iKAnxJqLySniOlEBP8vzVc7S-MpaYqLo/s1600/wtfeb36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1428" data-original-width="961" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK-PCLrIBi-7mL5rbHOElZcRQkPOY1DnNdK2hyk0zpO95QfszOyKfpkeP8npVR3jvTikEWJtgtIbHA1cCeMOrbJ5YMcqMCoH2eXgJwwffLVeM4iKAnxJqLySniOlEBP8vzVc7S-MpaYqLo/s400/wtfeb36.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (February 1936)<i>; illustration by Vincent Napoli; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB5WQFOifyTOmtQrbdlmNxLCunp6Ez1HnHrddlSU-rNKla2Ybwc_8qa-wDtB8QJYehrRGKq4gnKRwBnz5SNKHoU43eEeCsUk1ZBliDw3ozd6_S6vk4vV7Vir3QeHTQrXY0KOLrzqDzzpDD/s1600/wtmar36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1478" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB5WQFOifyTOmtQrbdlmNxLCunp6Ez1HnHrddlSU-rNKla2Ybwc_8qa-wDtB8QJYehrRGKq4gnKRwBnz5SNKHoU43eEeCsUk1ZBliDw3ozd6_S6vk4vV7Vir3QeHTQrXY0KOLrzqDzzpDD/s400/wtmar36.jpg" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (March 1936)<i>; illustration by Vincent Napoli; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyj9CmeI8WDwfZQd9KRTdGgouq7UokQeHc9nLU8bjclrCzhPlHGd5T0iJj_-lLYYKj6qh6VLe8_UymlxH0_TzGS5N9yFiPZ5DWCvQbZW4XMtMIxhoOdI3Z_yHKG6Wofw-EZeM8JBpecl95/s1600/wtapr36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1422" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyj9CmeI8WDwfZQd9KRTdGgouq7UokQeHc9nLU8bjclrCzhPlHGd5T0iJj_-lLYYKj6qh6VLe8_UymlxH0_TzGS5N9yFiPZ5DWCvQbZW4XMtMIxhoOdI3Z_yHKG6Wofw-EZeM8JBpecl95/s400/wtapr36.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (April 1936)<i>; illustration by Vincent Napoli; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
Conan's strength is described as "unusual" and "beyond common conception", with speed and agility to match. In "The Pool of the Black One", Conan, after having swum a great distance, boards the Wastrel. The captain reluctantly allows the exiled Barachan pirate to join his band of Zingaran "freebooters"; but first comes the rite of passage, and the crew choose the toughest fighter amongst them to make sure the barbarian knows his place on the ship. After insulting Conan and spitting in his face, the man reaches for his sword:<br />
<br />
"The Barachan's movement was too quick for the eye to follow. His sledge-like fist crunched with a terrible impact against his tormentor's jaw, and the Zingaran catapulted through the air and fell in a crumpled heap by the rail.<br />
<br />
"Conan turned toward the others. But for a slumbering glitter in his eyes, his bearing was unchanged. But the baiting was over as suddenly as it had begun. The seamen lifted their companion; his broken jaw hung slack, his head lolled unnaturally.<br />
<br />
"'By Mitra, his neck's broken!' swore a black-bearded sea-rogue.<br />
<br />
"'You Freebooters are a weak-boned race,' laughed the pirate. 'On the Barachas we take no account of such taps as that.'"<br />
<br />
Conan's shipmates consider him "by far the strongest man any of them had seen."<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQ3ZzIYmJ4D72pgGuGBRqE7RwG4T26H3JCtjkjoLEWSBLq6DmvefoTAJMA0SGYrkxLrQyepgahpJJgPnOKSdIOlhaAK9QmE8IrzF-hgEqQH8lWZG4Gdmpd39d8vIiGRaXNccmhZsuf0TBh/s1600/wtjune36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1430" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQ3ZzIYmJ4D72pgGuGBRqE7RwG4T26H3JCtjkjoLEWSBLq6DmvefoTAJMA0SGYrkxLrQyepgahpJJgPnOKSdIOlhaAK9QmE8IrzF-hgEqQH8lWZG4Gdmpd39d8vIiGRaXNccmhZsuf0TBh/s400/wtjune36.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (June 1936)<i>; illustration by Harold S. De Lay</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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There was also the matter of Conan's wildness. In the climax to "Shadows in the Moonlight", Conan and Olivia (whom he'd rescued from a cruel master) are confronted by some sort of gigantic gorilla: "The moonlight scene swam, to Olivia's sight. This, then, was the end of the trail -- for what human could withstand the fury of that mountain of thews and ferocity? Yet, as she stared in wide-eyed horror at the bronzed figure facing the monster, she sensed a kinship in the antagonists that was almost appalling. This was less a struggle between man and beast than a conflict between two creatures of the wild, equally merciless and ferocious." Rankin's exceptional illustration for this scene is effective in its movement and spontaneous intensity, as if he had quickly and desperately sketched it from life. (Certainly not a tableau one would voluntarily want to bear witness to for any length of time.)<br />
<br />
Brundage's Conan is comparatively soft and civilised, but she had been influenced by fashion magazines, rather than the powerful paintings of artists like Howard Pyle (1853-1911), whose grim, menacing pirates appeared in popular periodicals.<br />
<br />
"One of the main things I like about Farnsworth Wright's magazines," Howard wrote in 1931, "is you don't have to make your heroes such utter saints." Indeed, some of Conan's behaviour is questionable. In "Beyond the Black River", Balthus mentions the storming of the fort at Venarium, whose people were attempting to push their border northward into Cimmerian territory. "Men, women and children were butchered." Balthus calls the slaughter, which had taken place a quarter of a century earlier, "a black blot in the chronicles of a proud and warlike people." Conan admits to having been "one of the horde that swarmed over the walls. I hadn't yet seen fifteen snows..." (Howard was mistaken when he told P. Schuyler Miller in a letter that Conan was fifteen at Venarium.) But in adulthood he has a code of honour which he adheres to, including an aversion to killing women; and while <i>gallant</i> may be too strong a word for the Cimmerian, he'll coddle and protect to the death a female companion.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjthWs5NhxULlSflSCivictVgO0cgCRImLJD1M3IwnCzj51AvGVL0xVh6ZsX8cOH2yMzIv20t0ancSlU3JHxHJYYPpJmw1-dPDGltzasSyZzGp-TweTP5wL6Qibl-5zK1kqsX8XOrRRn3ch/s1600/robert+e+howard+with+beer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="661" data-original-width="423" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjthWs5NhxULlSflSCivictVgO0cgCRImLJD1M3IwnCzj51AvGVL0xVh6ZsX8cOH2yMzIv20t0ancSlU3JHxHJYYPpJmw1-dPDGltzasSyZzGp-TweTP5wL6Qibl-5zK1kqsX8XOrRRn3ch/s400/robert+e+howard+with+beer.jpg" width="255" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Bob guzzling beer; on the back of a copy to E. Hoffman Price, Howard wrote, </i>"<i>Schlitz didn</i>'<i>t pay me a penny for this endorsement -- and probably won</i>'<i>t.</i>"</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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On May 6, 1935 it was Howard's turn to write a desperate plea to Farnsworth Wright. Much of the family income went to the care of Howard's mother, who had been ill for many years, and the writer began to worry when an expected cheque from Wright did not arrive. In his lengthy missive, Howard went into great detail about the family's plight and necessary expenses.<br />
<br />
"Costs of living have gone up; this part of the country has suffered bitterly through drouth and dust-storms. My father is an old man and most of his patients are poverty-stricken hill people who seldom have anything but farm produce to pay him. This year they may not even have that. Poverty is no new tale to me. I've gnawed crusts all my life. But the hardships I've suffered in the past may be picnics to what confronts me if Weird Tales discontinues my monthly cheques."<br />
<br />
Wright owed Howard over $800 for stories already published or bought, "enough to pay all my debts and get me back on my feet again if I could receive it all at once. Perhaps this is impossible. I have no wish to be unreasonable; I know times are hard for everybody. But I don't believe I am being unreasonable in asking you to pay me a cheque each month until the accounts are squared."<br />
<br />
Howard increased his output by writing more adventure stories and earned an estimated $2000 in 1935, more than any previous year, but that fact was of little comfort.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2wm84hopiPJXZiOh_3t2NHlicebtOMkgCcTJ16eAWFU7t61zxFJQQrehQHVI_I7o8ffL0oJpLafiz93MfHjIvQd24NqfuXLsDIgTWkRY3aIEE4booXkCoUTjzflzuyuTR3RyiGN5vDt_h/s1600/wtjuly36+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1453" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2wm84hopiPJXZiOh_3t2NHlicebtOMkgCcTJ16eAWFU7t61zxFJQQrehQHVI_I7o8ffL0oJpLafiz93MfHjIvQd24NqfuXLsDIgTWkRY3aIEE4booXkCoUTjzflzuyuTR3RyiGN5vDt_h/s400/wtjuly36+cover.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (July 1936)<i>; cover by Margaret Brundage</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3dbTHaxWu3UKkWNLnZtg2ACM9zHNdR-UpvrtGKKKTCHKF1wMpN1cHRHpi_W2t-QMTCFWsg3utLpVHj2uZ2s1QXw_R75sl1hnp6O19ecfCyhTJWDYZhEMt9SPUhQR6RH-fYZxmJSQCOGAg/s1600/wtjuly36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1413" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3dbTHaxWu3UKkWNLnZtg2ACM9zHNdR-UpvrtGKKKTCHKF1wMpN1cHRHpi_W2t-QMTCFWsg3utLpVHj2uZ2s1QXw_R75sl1hnp6O19ecfCyhTJWDYZhEMt9SPUhQR6RH-fYZxmJSQCOGAg/s400/wtjuly36.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (July 1936)<i>; </i>"<i>The vorpal blade went snicker-snack!</i>"<i>; illustration by Harold S. De Lay, unconsciously swiping John Tenniel; a Conan story</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiurysrnwrEkBct_ybV2E6D8B9CZU_Z4wtNe1ApsQAwXCoyuqPtlJPm_Nv-jpYTaB2KNdfqenGgRx-Gu_z5Brs9SauuSLauJ83YA02TkDGBhWN1w7QTb6E6EDiLwxjyyF8R4EoUfq5RRDlR/s1600/wtsept36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1508" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiurysrnwrEkBct_ybV2E6D8B9CZU_Z4wtNe1ApsQAwXCoyuqPtlJPm_Nv-jpYTaB2KNdfqenGgRx-Gu_z5Brs9SauuSLauJ83YA02TkDGBhWN1w7QTb6E6EDiLwxjyyF8R4EoUfq5RRDlR/s400/wtsept36.jpg" width="253" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1936)<i>; illustration by Harold S. De Lay</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY0fsst1mL7VaVjGRZiE45THnqIMT-HsD1TlI4bT89BZCON7Wh7e7uEjUI2Vh1JbrmSu_ZjXDkUg9Zkvq6WpE4_B5MHA_1hySZiQMC10JOWVedmyy2KNSzwT6bEypfKRaBuqPHq3CcaNIN/s1600/wtoct36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1451" data-original-width="961" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY0fsst1mL7VaVjGRZiE45THnqIMT-HsD1TlI4bT89BZCON7Wh7e7uEjUI2Vh1JbrmSu_ZjXDkUg9Zkvq6WpE4_B5MHA_1hySZiQMC10JOWVedmyy2KNSzwT6bEypfKRaBuqPHq3CcaNIN/s400/wtoct36.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (October 1936)<i>; illustration by Harold S. De Lay</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
In July 1935 Howard sent Wright a 3-part tale, "Red Nails". "A Conan yarn, and the grimmest, bloodiest, and most merciless story of the series so far. Too much raw meat, maybe, but I merely portrayed what I honestly believe would be the reactions of certain types of people in the situations on which the plot of the story hung."<br />
<br />
"Red Nails" was the last Conan story Howard wrote -- in fact, it was the last story he wrote for <i>Weird</i> <i>Tales</i>. He began devoting more time to westerns. "I would hate to abandon weird writing entirely...", he ruefully wrote, but the market was slow in paying. The end was near.<br />
<br />
Howard committed suicide on June 11, 1936, at the age of thirty. A newspaper report read (in part):<br />
<br />
"Until Thursday of last week, the young Cross Plains author had maintained an almost constant vigil at his mother's bed side. When her death became imminent he asked a nurse if she thought his mother would ever recognise him again.<br />
<br />
"Sympathetically, the nurse responded: 'I'm afraid not.'<br />
<br />
"Stoically he rose from beside the sick-bed and walked to his automobile which was parked to the side-rear of the Howard home. He got inside, closed the doors and fired a pistol bullet through his brain. Neighbours said the tragedy happened a few minutes after eight o'clock. He lived until four that afternoon.<br />
<br />
"Mrs Howard never regained consciousness and was not aware of her son's death. She expired about 30 hours later, shortly after 10 o'clock Friday night."<br />
<br />
Howard's father continued for another eight years. Fellow <i>Weird Tales</i> author Otis Adelbert Kline, whom Howard hired in 1933 as literary agent (though he continued to sell to Wright directly), represented the Howard estate after his death, and placed a few more unpublished stories and poems in that magazine. <i>Weird Tales</i> folded in 1954.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTKIYQorLf0pxP6QTxlAcrkKI8DRj2BwHZ9Dvp_PwwprywQcSRzjPLE3Moo3H7D9g8ir_yScgYGx8iIP9ArhzAiZxx-M3F9VkzVAR7kyqbXOocxtDxAfq1i2VWyCZF5wYzUU-kV11Up_oo/s1600/wtnov36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1409" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTKIYQorLf0pxP6QTxlAcrkKI8DRj2BwHZ9Dvp_PwwprywQcSRzjPLE3Moo3H7D9g8ir_yScgYGx8iIP9ArhzAiZxx-M3F9VkzVAR7kyqbXOocxtDxAfq1i2VWyCZF5wYzUU-kV11Up_oo/s400/wtnov36.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (November 1936)<i>; illustration by Harold S. De Lay</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjwpTRBntZH40ifeGHSSW0IolG2aR-PIZMNxhH1_jWeb_TkDkzL40gM1bw61w-_KXW-bwgceV4H5P_3IjXi0A9XBmN8y_nWP9SQ7t8yU_AvCe_0stW_8FSBL0N-EVEReYxRZ2mL4tSVFNt/s1600/wtdec36+cover+st+john.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1453" data-original-width="966" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjwpTRBntZH40ifeGHSSW0IolG2aR-PIZMNxhH1_jWeb_TkDkzL40gM1bw61w-_KXW-bwgceV4H5P_3IjXi0A9XBmN8y_nWP9SQ7t8yU_AvCe_0stW_8FSBL0N-EVEReYxRZ2mL4tSVFNt/s400/wtdec36+cover+st+john.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1936)<i>; cover by J. Allen St. John</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Gca6yuVvnR57GafCxKYdN3ocye5huyJIi7FH9hJ89H_oS57DdcnRA-RFm57ptMMqYtrkFroA9_FmyaGsqygEs0O8GYjWsdwFztxURTd38wqfi8DlKFDr6SQbmSXIt1TP39p7CbtmHg6N/s1600/wtdec36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1416" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Gca6yuVvnR57GafCxKYdN3ocye5huyJIi7FH9hJ89H_oS57DdcnRA-RFm57ptMMqYtrkFroA9_FmyaGsqygEs0O8GYjWsdwFztxURTd38wqfi8DlKFDr6SQbmSXIt1TP39p7CbtmHg6N/s400/wtdec36.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (December 1936)<i>; illustration by J. Allen St. John</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNydhfppzlrJ6fUFfJdRNRp_6W-APY-VVgSMyQvDr8WX_GexoBjfBclALOD3e-kciNQH1Kyeou2tdu09ZQJVFlN57hZzOl6AN5xWcdmQn9QePNGX2YNAl_RiebXv5aVpAZDXwkp06SoAR2/s1600/wtfeb37.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1406" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNydhfppzlrJ6fUFfJdRNRp_6W-APY-VVgSMyQvDr8WX_GexoBjfBclALOD3e-kciNQH1Kyeou2tdu09ZQJVFlN57hZzOl6AN5xWcdmQn9QePNGX2YNAl_RiebXv5aVpAZDXwkp06SoAR2/s400/wtfeb37.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (February 1937)<i>; illustration by Virgil Finlay</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij38z-vkb2-jjUrGBoaEVexaGaxWpk4zJWiJPeVbXimlLAtCr9yIUMn0azPFxYeraVsaeiosvWJMDkGhGtJmAHoAV60fWVFUupJU0Yjq9IDNfSSGtiY4LP2Zkyx1l01mk7gwLHzdvv9OuI/s1600/wtmay38.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1393" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij38z-vkb2-jjUrGBoaEVexaGaxWpk4zJWiJPeVbXimlLAtCr9yIUMn0azPFxYeraVsaeiosvWJMDkGhGtJmAHoAV60fWVFUupJU0Yjq9IDNfSSGtiY4LP2Zkyx1l01mk7gwLHzdvv9OuI/s400/wtmay38.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1938)<i>; illustration by Virgil Finlay</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP9gB82whn4EFF3seQRv-7qrQjTjYUTvgHBR9LyHJX5d70FwjJEC4rC4XBB50E_FnRXp0m4g5XqjVij_VCROJv4PKebBKnm3lCrwPlJs_0OUY3q6UhOS-DqGSlG4zZTPtYVFTJDX15fCCd/s1600/wtsept38.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1448" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP9gB82whn4EFF3seQRv-7qrQjTjYUTvgHBR9LyHJX5d70FwjJEC4rC4XBB50E_FnRXp0m4g5XqjVij_VCROJv4PKebBKnm3lCrwPlJs_0OUY3q6UhOS-DqGSlG4zZTPtYVFTJDX15fCCd/s400/wtsept38.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (September 1938)<i>; illustration by Virgil Finlay; story co-written by Frank Thurston Torbett</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1939)<i>; illustration by Virgil Finlay; </i>"<i>Almuric</i>"</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1939)<i>; 2nd illustration by Virgil Finlay</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (July 1939)<i>; illustration by Virgil Finlay</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (August 1939)<i>; illustration by Virgil Finlay</i></span></td></tr>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-38299552572098071452019-05-05T19:33:00.000-04:002020-10-11T08:26:07.372-04:00Mary Kornman, Queen of Tots<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Today it would be easy to underestimate how popular Hal Roach's "Our Gang" comedies were during the silent era of the 1920s. The original Gang are all but forgotten, including their little leading lady, Mary Kornman.<br />
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Hal Roach was born January 14, 1892 in Elmira, New York. A barrel-chested athlete, he excelled in high school football. 17-year-old Roach's adventurous spirit took him to Alaska, where he worked as a mail carrier, riding over rough terrain, up hill and down dale, across frozen tundra and through deep snow. Even the rugged Hal was no match for the forces of Nature, and frostbite almost led to the loss of one of his feet. Seeking a more temperate clime, he made his way down the coast to California, where he found a job with a contracting firm. In Los Angeles he chanced to meet someone in the film industry, and took an interest in the burgeoning business.<br />
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Answering an ad, in 1912 he applied for a job as an extra in a two-reel Universal western, claiming he was a cowboy. Certainly his experience with horses bolstered his resume, and he landed a role as a frontier minister. During the filming of a scene showing some fellas playing roulette, Roach pointed out the inaccuracies of the game as displayed, and offered his advice. Such boldness paid off, and soon he went from five dollar a day acting jobs to being assistant director.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Hal Roach</i></span></td></tr>
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Being ambitious, Roach, with two partners, Dan Linthicum and I. H. Nance, formed the <i>Rolin Film Company</i>. Roach supplied the initial capital, scraped together from his paltry savings, purchased an old barn and converted it into a makeshift movie studio. Aside from being producer, director and writer, Roach himself tucked the film canisters under his arm and made the trek to New York to find a distributor, but his amateurish and technically inept creative endeavours bankrupted his backers. With nothing left to lose, he made one last effort, cramming every gag he could think of into one reel and sending it to <i>Pathe</i> on spec. They bought it for $800. This slapstick farce, JUST NUTS, became an unexpected hit, and Rolin a viable and formidable producer of silent comedies, with Pathe as sole distributor.<br />
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The star of JUST NUTS, Harold Lloyd, became Roach's biggest asset, first in the two-reel <i>Lonesome Luke</i> comedies (a shameless imitation of Chaplin's Little Tramp), and later in his more familiar guise. The Roach studio grew by leaps and bounds.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad from Motion Picture News, October 6, 1917</i></span></td></tr>
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In 1921 Roach was inspired to delve into an uncharted motion picture concept: the everyday misadventures of children. "One day I looked out my window at a bunch of kids arguing over pieces of wood they had taken from a lumber yard," Roach recalled. "Of course, they would throw the wood away when they had gone two blocks. But the argument seemed terribly important to them then. I watched them for 15 minutes, and I got the idea of doing a series from the angle of kids' mentality." Roach called this prospective gang of kids "His Rascals", and recruited Ernie "Sunshine Sammy" Morrison (born December 20, 1912), whom he'd added to his stable of talent in 1919.<br />
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Another addition to the Rascals roster was Jackie Condon, whose long, tousled locks inspired one critic to describe him as "the boy who combs his hair with an egg-beater".<br />
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The first entry, titled OUR GANG, was filmed in January 1922, with Fred C. Newmeyer (of the <i>Lonesome</i> <i>Luke</i> series) directing. The footage was quickly edited by T. J. Crizer and summarily previewed, but it tested poorly, and Newmeyer's footage was extensively re-shot in February. For the re-shoots, Roach hired Robert F. McGowan as director and Tom McNamara as writer.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Robert F. McGowan (by Gene Kornman)</i></span></td></tr>
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McGowan was born July 11, 1882 in Denver, Colorado. After working as a firefighter with Engine Company No. 6 in Denver, he and two partners opened a nickelodeon. Disappointed with the types of movies being offered by Biograph and Essanay, he sold the theatre in 1915 and went to Los Angeles, determined to make movies himself. Essanay bought one of his ideas, and gave him a job in carpentry. McGowan later worked in the property department at Universal, then landed a job with <i>Christie Comedies</i> as a writer. He'd also written numerous scripts for Eddie Lyons and others by the time he met Hal Roach, who was having trouble with his OUR GANG film. McGowan, the father of two young girls, convinced Roach that he knew children.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Tom McNamara, 1923</span></i></td></tr>
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Tom McNamara, creator of the <i>Us Boys</i> comic strip, was brought in from New York for rewrites, and to provide scripts for further entries in the series. McNamara, born May 7, 1886 in San Francisco, worked as a newspaper cartoonist, then in 1908 started touring the vaudeville circuit with fellow artist Myler Marcus as <i>Mack and Marcus</i>. The duo remained silent throughout their comedy act, titled "Evolution", performing lightning sketches with chalk and black and red crayons for enthusiastic audiences. They took their successful show to London, then to the continent. Returning to the U.S. in 1910, McNamara started the <i>Us</i> <i>Boys</i> newspaper strip, which continued until 1928. But McNamara also took an avid interest in film, writing gags, directing, editing and dabbling in just about every other aspect of the business.<br />
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A key contributor was H. M. Walker, who wrote titles (now known as <i>intertitles</i>). Walker had been sports editor of the <i>Los Angeles Examiner</i> for 12 years when he tried his hand at writing titles for films in 1917. His wit earned him a place at the Roach studio, supplying gags for Harold Lloyd at $500 a week. Needless to say, he quit his newspaper job.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>H. M. Walker and Harold Lloyd, 1920</i></span></td></tr>
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Another recruitment for the juvenile cast was freckled "Mickey" Daniels, born Richard Daniels, October 11, 1914 in Rock Springs,Wyoming. Mickey, as Richard Daniels, had appeared in Vitagraph's THE LITTLE MINISTER (1922), which premiered in December of 1921, and was released the following month. Critics raved about Mickey's performance, and Vitagraph quickly threw the boy into another movie, MY WILD IRISH ROSE (released June 1922), with a part specially written for him. In March filming began on Universal's HER NIGHT OF NIGHTS (also released in June 1922), starring Marie Prevost as "Molly May Mahone", with Mickey as her little brother,<i> </i>"Mickey Dennis Mahone". All three movies are considered lost. Mickey was under contract to Vitagraph when he filmed his small role in the re-shoot of OUR GANG. He wasn't officially made a member of the Gang until June.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Richard </i>"<i>Mickey</i>"<i> Daniels in THE LITTLE MINISTER (1922)</i></span></td></tr>
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The re-worked version of OUR GANG was given a preview late in March for film critics. It was well received and "won a lot of big laughs", according to one trade paper. This prospective kid comedy series was immediately dubbed "Our Gang" by the press, and advertised as such long before the first installment was unleashed upon the public in September of 1922. The series of six two-reelers were released out of order, starting with ONE TERRIBLE DAY, while OUR GANG finally made its debut as the third episode on November 5.<br />
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Other children in this trial series included Peggy Cartwright, who appeared in only a few films, Jack Davis, and Farina. Jack Davis, born April 5, 1914, was discovered playing around the lot. He was the kid brother of Mildred Davis, who had been Harold Lloyd's leading lady for a number of years; the two stars married in 1923. Farina was born Allen Hoskins in 1920. A small child with pigtails, he was little more than a baby when he joined the gang, initially portraying a girl. As time went on fans and the press became increasingly confused on the matter of his sex. Farina always stomped around in shoes that were far too big for him. Anna Mae Bilson was a central figure in OUR GANG, but made no further appearances.<br />
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So successful was ONE TERRIBLE DAY that it was reported to have "stimulated heavy advance bookings of the entire series." Roach had another hit on his hands, though he was skeptical, convinced the series wouldn't continue after the initial six films. His judgement was faulty. Those first six Our Gang films were such a commercial and critical success, that many theatres put these short subjects over the main feature on their marquees and in their advertising. Roach considered turning Our Gang into 5-reel features, but Pathe thought it best not to fix something that ain't broke, and instead poured more money into production values on the next thirteen shorts.<br />
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AND THEN ALONG COMES MARY<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdxtcmSnkf1TDvMYLvywLE_BjzerUUEmExPc_Te9drwOyIp4nI9dyHWj2a3QC_fs9AhAtlfW40w0qZaRs12lG0lEgYmSj08StFcI5dbBvHmWJuBMlXouJVnCNHFziT1waaGfzC1D9AkSP-/s1600/our+gang+early+pic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="862" data-original-width="1176" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdxtcmSnkf1TDvMYLvywLE_BjzerUUEmExPc_Te9drwOyIp4nI9dyHWj2a3QC_fs9AhAtlfW40w0qZaRs12lG0lEgYmSj08StFcI5dbBvHmWJuBMlXouJVnCNHFziT1waaGfzC1D9AkSP-/s400/our+gang+early+pic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Early photo of the Gang, c. March 1923 - back row: Sunshine Sammy, Jack Davis, Mickey Daniels; front row: Jackie Condon, Farina, Joe Cobb, Mary Kornman; taken with a Brownie No.3 camera</i></span></td></tr>
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The second series, which began with THE CHAMPEEN, released January 28, 1923, introduced Joe Cobb, known as "Fatty", for his considerable girth; and pretty Mary Kornman, whose pulchritude and charm created rivalries on and off screen, beginning with THE CHAMPEEN, in which Mickey Daniels and Jack Davis (who was often cast as a pugnacious, pugilistic bully) vie for her affection by duking it out. Though THE CHAMPEEN was the Gang's 7th short, the next two, THE COBBLER and THE BIG SHOW, were filmed earlier. THE BIG SHOW was Mary's <i>de facto</i> debut, in which she played Mary Pickford as <i>Little Lord Fauntleroy</i>.<br />
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The blonde-haired, blue-eyed Mary (<i>brown-eyed</i>, by some later accounts) was discovered by Bob McGowan, who saw the 6-year-old in the studio cafeteria, and asked, "Who is that little girl? How did she get in?" He was told that she was the daughter of Gene Kornman, studio photographer. McGowan said he needed a leading lady for his kid pictures.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEIKGKu7TgGLZkWTKqUc-JwTNr3eibbnB9HUVbNgFPBKN9pYQHu_YWqx0M1QHbdjSvfG3pVr7ed7STBe8eVNqOhFtjzcz-RtGA8Xz7K0vreLNZgBf9xbELRjhio7_EvJ3uTPEbgj1rWFB6/s1600/little+mary+kornman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="641" data-original-width="450" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEIKGKu7TgGLZkWTKqUc-JwTNr3eibbnB9HUVbNgFPBKN9pYQHu_YWqx0M1QHbdjSvfG3pVr7ed7STBe8eVNqOhFtjzcz-RtGA8Xz7K0vreLNZgBf9xbELRjhio7_EvJ3uTPEbgj1rWFB6/s400/little+mary+kornman.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
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Eugene Kornman was born in 1897. In 1920 he became still photographer for Harold Lloyd at the Roach studios. In 1923 Lloyd acrimoniously left Roach, and Kornman went with him in August. Mary, however, stayed put, already a core member of Our Gang. Gene Kornman co-signed his daughter's contracts.<br />
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Or <i>was</i> she his daughter?<br />
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Mary Kornman was born Mary Agnes Evans, December 27, 1915 in Idaho Falls, Idaho, to Dr David Lionel Evans (born July 14, 1895 in Lehi, Utah, and whose mother's middle name was <i>Agnes</i>) and Verna Comer (born January 27, 1897, also in Lehi, Utah). David and Verna married November 30, 1914 in Idaho Falls. It didn't last, and Verna married Gene Kornman on July 5, 1921. Mary claimed that she first appeared in a movie at the age of 3, but admitted she was "just an extra."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVuIj0Op_F4pgKkHLo15-YTpN6-CtESxu3fAKAikd1v7EK2bEBJ49qYWfV6gGzeFgdDYF5DK85R-Ynei0hqooePnD7SBLRx-H4qND_DRfzJEIvAfVmwSR03NsSJVSi7USaus2tZfyu14KR/s1600/mary+kornman+baby.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="315" data-original-width="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVuIj0Op_F4pgKkHLo15-YTpN6-CtESxu3fAKAikd1v7EK2bEBJ49qYWfV6gGzeFgdDYF5DK85R-Ynei0hqooePnD7SBLRx-H4qND_DRfzJEIvAfVmwSR03NsSJVSi7USaus2tZfyu14KR/s1600/mary+kornman+baby.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary Agnes Evans, 1916</i></span></td></tr>
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One day in 1923 Mary was called in from the studio grounds where she "had lunched on bread and jam as evidenced by a red strawb'ry streak on her chin; every little while an exploring pink tongue would emerge, describing a wider arc with each trip from her rosebud mouth, until the streak had entirely disappeared." The crew on the set coaxed Mary into playing with the five dolls she'd brought along, while they prepared for a scene. She explained that Mickey and the other boys had warned her not to. "Never mind about Mickey," they said.<br />
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She went ahead and played, oblivious to all around her: "My good-nuss gra-shuss. My chil-rens jus' get worser 'n' worser every sin-gle day. It's jus' terrible. I ache so in my back I could cry. Lucille, will you stop 'at cryin' an' turn over an' go to sleep! Thank mercifus heavings to-morrar's Sunday. I got the bakin' done an' all I got to do is fry the chicken an' make th' ice cream." When the boys discovered Mary playing with dolls they gave her a hard time for breaking the Gang's rule: "no dolls or cry-baby-stuff goes."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkG4oGckeaU93CDOD8McOWwJn5aGWbgMhdq1lelyFtD4teaBbG5l5PLXS4-vza0rLco7PPJNB6IHh4trs1HXFfyNBvgixS3qhVqb1I0rtYIt-Vb_GKe00LINLcnKPSLT79RbYW2zgCPkf7/s1600/the+cobbler+lobby+card+1923+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1179" data-original-width="1500" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkG4oGckeaU93CDOD8McOWwJn5aGWbgMhdq1lelyFtD4teaBbG5l5PLXS4-vza0rLco7PPJNB6IHh4trs1HXFfyNBvgixS3qhVqb1I0rtYIt-Vb_GKe00LINLcnKPSLT79RbYW2zgCPkf7/s400/the+cobbler+lobby+card+1923+b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>THE COBBLER (1923), lobby card</i></span></td></tr>
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Mary's doll-playing aside, the boys initially didn't want her in the Gang, because girls couldn't do anything that boys could do. "I can so do what-all you can," Mary declared. Thus, Mickey challenged her to a wrestling match -- and lost! With that she earned the right to an initiation, and she accepted the dares. Her seven rites of passage included climbing a fence, riding Dinah the mule, eating grass, and standing on her head, eyes closed, while Mickey stuck a "marshmallow" in her mouth (i.e., his big toe!) She was admitted into the Gang, but had to solemnly vow not to play with dolls on the set.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVO7yZ8BW6ZGE8SIk_Q-nkBLOJrpXn6mwTVm9ECZqoWb6Pb5bVnlB0aL8WDr_ifIoDSn_TIZCXiiqyVvt6L4utBrYUJw_rzNmptcd8rd7SPbRG2n99EerVXJNxbRoP4ZrEWqGtdTTjCllR/s1600/mary+kornman+with+doll.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="854" data-original-width="595" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVO7yZ8BW6ZGE8SIk_Q-nkBLOJrpXn6mwTVm9ECZqoWb6Pb5bVnlB0aL8WDr_ifIoDSn_TIZCXiiqyVvt6L4utBrYUJw_rzNmptcd8rd7SPbRG2n99EerVXJNxbRoP4ZrEWqGtdTTjCllR/s400/mary+kornman+with+doll.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary holding her Bye-Lo Baby doll</i></span></td></tr>
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McGowan adhered adamantly to Roach's idea of having the kids behave as kids do. "They must be human," insisted Roach. "They aren't actors," said McGowan. "When one of them starts to 'act' I stop him or take him out of the group. It has been my intention to keep them from obvious acting and 'emoting' ever since the first picture with them was made." McGowan would scold any child on set if they looked at the camera while filming. He kept a megaphone at his side but never used it, a mere "Okay" sufficiently wrapping up a scene. There was some jealousy and bickering on set, but not from the kids -- it came from their parents, who were eventually banned from the lot, other than to drop off their kids and pick them up at the end of the day.<br />
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Basic stories were outlined, leaving a lot of room for improvisation. "They are placed in a certain atmosphere, and given a general idea of what is expected of them," McGowan wrote in an article. Each film began as little more than an idea, and the children literally ran with it, with occasional suggestions from the directors. Said Tom McNamara, "Usually we just give the kids the things they're to play with and let 'em go at their own gait. The business they pull all on their own is sixty times better than what a gag man would dope out. If they drift outside the camera range, we just haul 'em back into focus and start 'em going again." McGowan gave 50 cents for every gag one of the kids came up with.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLLZqV1lWbtyL4Pl0DJANznsbCLoe7UhWM6GnNfn_k-7mGeUeMOwPdWFmjz4t5lCwCV74px6kdiebSU1c1gpVpI231WYNNaB4pbZvX4BFhez_ccfONyJUbjKgukHk35EBpXR_ZIJOZEgB8/s1600/hal+roach+with+the+gang%252C+1923.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="553" data-original-width="753" height="293" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLLZqV1lWbtyL4Pl0DJANznsbCLoe7UhWM6GnNfn_k-7mGeUeMOwPdWFmjz4t5lCwCV74px6kdiebSU1c1gpVpI231WYNNaB4pbZvX4BFhez_ccfONyJUbjKgukHk35EBpXR_ZIJOZEgB8/s400/hal+roach+with+the+gang%252C+1923.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jack Davis, Farina, Jackie Condon, Mickie Daniels, Hal Roach, Mary Kornman, Joe Cobb and Ernie Morrison, 1923</i></span></td></tr>
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The Gang were encouraged to build their own preposterous props, confused contraptions and wobbly wagons. Their constructions were a shambles from the start, but these childish attempts at carpentry and mechanics were integral to the films and enhanced their <i>hijinks</i>. It's a wonder no injuries were ever reported, since it's easy to picture the chaos and peril that must have ensued, with excited kids scrambling about wielding hammers, saws and scraps of wood. The more elaborate set pieces were left to competent professionals.<br />
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Right from the start Roach was firm in his opinion that "lack of proper education facilities hurts a child actor's chances for success more than his training under the lights may help him", and so a school room was built on set for the children. Mrs Fern Carter was secured for the tumultuous task, as a teacher was required to be present on any school day when the kids were shooting. (Roach's policy would come to be adopted by other studios in 1926.) Mrs Carter had briefly been Mickey's tutor, and may have been recommended by his father. Her employ began September of 1922. Sammy, however, was supplied with a private tutor by his father, a businessman who owned ice cream parlors, grocery stores and a candy factory. "Mister" Morrison, as everyone called him, was always dressed sharply, including yellow gloves and a stovepipe hat. Mrs Carter also supervised the children while they were on the lot.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAmyCnLS89dmTWFLzhCWnvHT7aRHe8zEt-zrFCm6O7KrcbmHtr1LuGbB0rADXh1XlD2p9xX4FuJA0DEvOV8Zw5q0nEmr3ixdKnMcp4yx1MxLsmTtw5CCGyfQMwKqiHvnwSmATTkAv9gxJR/s1600/fern+carter+and+gang%252C+early+1926.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="717" data-original-width="906" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAmyCnLS89dmTWFLzhCWnvHT7aRHe8zEt-zrFCm6O7KrcbmHtr1LuGbB0rADXh1XlD2p9xX4FuJA0DEvOV8Zw5q0nEmr3ixdKnMcp4yx1MxLsmTtw5CCGyfQMwKqiHvnwSmATTkAv9gxJR/s400/fern+carter+and+gang%252C+early+1926.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mrs Carter gives the Gang their lessons, early 1926</i></span></td></tr>
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While most two-reel comedies were completed in 10 days, the Our Gang films took an average of 5 weeks, as the kids were allowed a total of only two or three hours of work per day, with school occupying the rest of their shift. Each film required only two and a half weeks to shoot, but the kids were still paid on a weekly basis during post-production and editing. The films were released at the rate of about one every four weeks.<br />
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Unlike the first series, promotional material was supplied to exhibitors for the second series, including posters, lobby cards, stills, slides, and print-ready plates. 11" x 14" sepia lobby cards were 35 cents each, as were a set of eight photos. 24-sheets (billboard posters), usually reserved for feature films, were also made available. Exhibitors paid $7.50 for two-reelers, but with a very limited number printed, each theatre was allowed only one screening. Novelty paper hats, with the inscription "HAIL HAIL OUR GANG'S ALL HERE!", $1.50 per hundred. Pathe also announced that they would be providing trailers for this second season of Our Gang shorts, an unprecedented move, as trailers were also reserved for features.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgllMjL90w26VszgVbBLjJlsFUhQlQdqPsz0RnZ4229ZYEDv0KPPMpBeAA_DFSnD1-KTm2B02YtDMntCp8KuDfXcm6jQsE-CqRcVMmHOvsivPci6LW4McWpdCJS4hg_HZiscDqamVQsK-2_/s1600/our+gang+paper+hats.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="224" data-original-width="426" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgllMjL90w26VszgVbBLjJlsFUhQlQdqPsz0RnZ4229ZYEDv0KPPMpBeAA_DFSnD1-KTm2B02YtDMntCp8KuDfXcm6jQsE-CqRcVMmHOvsivPci6LW4McWpdCJS4hg_HZiscDqamVQsK-2_/s320/our+gang+paper+hats.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Our Gang paper hats, printed in red ink</i></span></td></tr>
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An enormous crowd of fans turned up at the California Theatre in Los Angeles in March of 1923 to see the Gang in person. An earlier film, FIRE FIGHTERS, was being shown, and though Mary wasn't in the film, she attended, along with the other six cast regulars. The Gang showed up in their homemade DOGS OF WAR costumes, being that they were in the midst of shooting that film.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIPEuDUmw0mEYltOKurs_fc2Tujq9ExkWypBP1rbDeNhWF8acM2jFu4ZwEP1232REaPYaSM8N_53Co22ZB0VVWjzVcDucZGBVL_Voj6dGaMfXno6GIMQnk4LeA2jyJby5T1TlLsNaBXk59/s1600/our+gang+fans%252C+1923.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="641" data-original-width="810" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIPEuDUmw0mEYltOKurs_fc2Tujq9ExkWypBP1rbDeNhWF8acM2jFu4ZwEP1232REaPYaSM8N_53Co22ZB0VVWjzVcDucZGBVL_Voj6dGaMfXno6GIMQnk4LeA2jyJby5T1TlLsNaBXk59/s400/our+gang+fans%252C+1923.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgD66J2dhNm7uFa9Gwkp9d09szvqeo7M7Q5LnBA9rb-xqBAyy5qfImLBEJSO915BI5nE0WCupDIlSgMY5cRdsHpR3R6NCTOg6L-QEbgOmAwqy_UqbKW0jaUG4PZYDAGAUMQDV5doB09Cdk/s1600/dogs+of+war.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="578" data-original-width="742" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgD66J2dhNm7uFa9Gwkp9d09szvqeo7M7Q5LnBA9rb-xqBAyy5qfImLBEJSO915BI5nE0WCupDIlSgMY5cRdsHpR3R6NCTOg6L-QEbgOmAwqy_UqbKW0jaUG4PZYDAGAUMQDV5doB09Cdk/s400/dogs+of+war.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>DOGS OF WAR (1923), sepia lobby card</i></span></td></tr>
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An average of only 40 copies were made for each Our Gang release, and their popularity and constant demand caused the films to wear out after repeated use. Unfortunately, some theatre owners received copies in poor condition -- not surprising, as the two-reelers were booked in thousands of theatres. Pathe soon remedied this oversight by ordering second and third sets of prints.<br />
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In March of 1923 Roach expanded his Culver City studio at a cost of $100,000, having purchased 10 acres of land adjacent to the existing lot to house the exteriors for the seven units he had running, with an eighth in preparation for Will Rogers, under contract to star in 13 shorts. Roach had an exclusive contract with Pathe, and was expecting to spend $1,000,000 more on production than he had in the previous year, demand for his product being high, especially for the Our Gang comedies. Loew's theatres booked each Our Gang release for an unprecedented 85 days. The Gang films were making on average $80,000 each.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtdOKA4QTWd0aopwayQpgGKA0JFVEbrIQs9jJv3pG7uBSu5n3B-ts0OL7tzSR8h5kQgogLq7gA9oiWepafFbeyKpcMex6mghqInh2tTN1MXDohsKtvMdANMYWO5pi7PGYREz-JE91hk5mY/s1600/film+daily+oct+13%252C+1924.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="397" data-original-width="752" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtdOKA4QTWd0aopwayQpgGKA0JFVEbrIQs9jJv3pG7uBSu5n3B-ts0OL7tzSR8h5kQgogLq7gA9oiWepafFbeyKpcMex6mghqInh2tTN1MXDohsKtvMdANMYWO5pi7PGYREz-JE91hk5mY/s400/film+daily+oct+13%252C+1924.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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A humorous news brief appeared in September quoting Mary, who stated that if her father didn't get her some red shoes she would "get some shoe trees and grow 'em herself."<br />
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After a hiatus of several months due to the pressure of directing films and trying to keep a deadline with the newspaper syndicate, it was announced in April that Tom McNamara would be returning to the Roach studios, having signed a contract to co-direct more Our Gang shorts with McGowan, though he still hadn't given up his newspaper strip.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdqoArPJAMk2OT_FpZuMZ0xXiLEcp6LQSLV0Eat1-shrXoozOYYXHueigBxMyDmXtjRpvGR80aSh4zrD0O4587LLeh4cdFMRcSJZV5cgS0NWzqsh91h7vtduACaThkQ1rbUcD-3OonTRDp/s1600/derby+day+3-sheet+poster+1923.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="829" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdqoArPJAMk2OT_FpZuMZ0xXiLEcp6LQSLV0Eat1-shrXoozOYYXHueigBxMyDmXtjRpvGR80aSh4zrD0O4587LLeh4cdFMRcSJZV5cgS0NWzqsh91h7vtduACaThkQ1rbUcD-3OonTRDp/s400/derby+day+3-sheet+poster+1923.jpg" width="206" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>DERBY DAY 3-sheet poster, 1923</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYv7PEegJMf2hr5-rdXAdDnOMJxE747dj_L-nqyveeGA2Z4zD5XqsH5JuE3o0ggqZCIelqoFSP1F-8mXTvS43gV_ruMEZIvr_i0HUwkhOE2uveHkWGsFyRxojeAJyCjGHRXv8BbbS6TMz/s1600/stage+fright+poster+1923.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="736" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYv7PEegJMf2hr5-rdXAdDnOMJxE747dj_L-nqyveeGA2Z4zD5XqsH5JuE3o0ggqZCIelqoFSP1F-8mXTvS43gV_ruMEZIvr_i0HUwkhOE2uveHkWGsFyRxojeAJyCjGHRXv8BbbS6TMz/s400/stage+fright+poster+1923.jpg" width="183" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Joe Cobb plays the merciless Nero in STAGE FRIGHT (1923); Mary (in black wig) is the "captiff maid"</i></span></td></tr>
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In November the manager of the Apollo Theatre in Peoria, Illinois came up with the idea of an "Our Gang Club", with 500 paper hats to be given away at the offices of the local newspaper, who agreed to run the story. Going one better, J. D. Kennedy, a Pathe representative, organised a club at the James Theatre in Columbus, Ohio, giving out paper hats and a membership card a week ahead of that venue's first showing of an Our Gang film. On the reverse, the card read:<br />
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"<i>The Our Gang Band will be at Mound and High at 9 a. m. sharp. They will conduct you to The James Theatre. Remember you must wear your Our Gang Hat in the Parade.</i>"<br />
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The following Saturday morning, October 6, the children congregated at the prearranged spot and, escorted by Kennedy, who supplied hats to any newcomers, marched through town towards the theatre, along with a local Boy Scouts band incessantly playing "Hail, Hail, the Gang's All Here", drowned out by the excited mob. The films, SATURDAY MORNING and THE CHAMPEEN, were shown free, and the theatre allowed sale of lemonade, ice cream, etc., without asking for a cut. Clubs began popping up everywhere, and theatre owners began devising imaginative ways to exploit Our Gang pictures.<br />
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SUNDAY CALM, released December 16, 1923, was Jack Davis' final appearance with the Gang. In September, his parents decided to put his acting career on hiatus and sent him off to military school, much to the boy's despair.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGVYBt18-fQ3_n-tJm22KrsBV0EI6nMmCZpY915_MbAsIpJgJUCmNA74wdxq8fm_H8gSO29T5zX3aC6tCS7VfTk7k-DDE482w2rtw1DooJZ3KKwmZ8i6HNQ9h4WXN8QpoKhy5oyYfIvpjY/s1600/exhibitors+trade+review+june+7%252C+1924.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1168" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGVYBt18-fQ3_n-tJm22KrsBV0EI6nMmCZpY915_MbAsIpJgJUCmNA74wdxq8fm_H8gSO29T5zX3aC6tCS7VfTk7k-DDE482w2rtw1DooJZ3KKwmZ8i6HNQ9h4WXN8QpoKhy5oyYfIvpjY/s400/exhibitors+trade+review+june+7%252C+1924.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad for CRADLE ROBBERS (released June 1, 1924), from Exhibitors Trade Review, June 7, 1924</i></span></td></tr>
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A prime example of a plot going off in another direction is THE BUCCANEERS, filmed September 28 to October 28, 1923. The Gang, having just finished erecting their own home made ship, decide to play pirates, though they know little about seafaring. (Jackie's previous deep water experience: "the Saturday night bath tub".) Mary, having just arrived on Captain Whalen's fishing boat, dashes across the dock, eager to join the fun; and though Captain Mickey is enthusiastic about Mary's participation, the others vote him down. "Wimmen ain't no good! They can't stand th' sight o' blood!" says Joe. Mary turns to leave, but Mickey gives her a pirate outfit to put on. Mary returns in costume, with a bottle of "tomato catchup" to christen the Gang's boat, which promptly sinks. They blame Mary.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzTc9osxYA_yxhZwMFtGGk1S2zhCZ7mPrA49vr8W1KrhIn8mEnrfanOpI4GqP7BxQBA7ix-1Lr2wetyjpsd0htRzzhzE8AIzRx02JTuH1gyR6DOQfJcJwW3hWawmdwVpDf7puyQUrXZuDx/s1600/our+gang+-+buccaneers+1924.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="787" data-original-width="1024" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzTc9osxYA_yxhZwMFtGGk1S2zhCZ7mPrA49vr8W1KrhIn8mEnrfanOpI4GqP7BxQBA7ix-1Lr2wetyjpsd0htRzzhzE8AIzRx02JTuH1gyR6DOQfJcJwW3hWawmdwVpDf7puyQUrXZuDx/s400/our+gang+-+buccaneers+1924.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The Gang with Captain Whalen in THE BUCCANEERS (1924)</i></span></td></tr>
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The ship's immediate demise was planned, but the speed at which it sank spoiled the shot, being almost completely submerged before the cameraman was ready. To make matters worse, a passing boat left enough of a wake to upset the raft upon which the cameraman was filming, tipping over the camera and sending it to join the wreck down below. A professional diver was obtained to fetch the precious equipment.<br />
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Captain Whalen finds Mary alone and dejected on the dock, and after she explains what happened, the old salt offers the girl his boat to play pirate on. She claps her hands together with delight, and jumps aboard. Meanwhile, the boys get into their usual trouble, and escape the police by hiding aboard Captain Whalen's boat. Mary discovers the little fugitives and says, "Goody! I'm goin' to be a pirate on this boat." Unbeknownst to the kids, their dog has just loosened the vessel from its mooring, setting it adrift. When the kids realise their predicament, they determine to make the most of it, as any "reg'lar pirate" would do: "We're at sea! Le's keep goin'!"<br />
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Where the story might have gone from there is anybody's guess, but fate intervened in the form of the U.S.S. California, a U.S. Navy battleship. The crew of the dreadnought spotted the vessels containing the kids and camera crew and invited them aboard. This opportunity lead to some new ideas, and the U.S. Navy granted a few days' access to the deck of the ship for filming purposes, which took place in San Pedro. It wasn't the first -- or last -- time the ship was used for such a purpose. Dorothy Devore starred in NAVY BLUES (1923), and cowboy star Hoot Gibson starred in OUT OF LUCK (1923), both filmed aboard the U.S.S. California.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFZoiHnLz13DgBWfqWXP_8u_hKJcIKyu0ZBDR__9SDAJa7gB6K4T3t_mRVFo3iwrP9Hca1eYDNN4EuBgSv4VkvROgTaCn5bdh5YmMpg3II96fvkzH-8w49M-vpSs9cXerNEFotm2NDwJCk/s1600/buccaneers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="621" data-original-width="800" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFZoiHnLz13DgBWfqWXP_8u_hKJcIKyu0ZBDR__9SDAJa7gB6K4T3t_mRVFo3iwrP9Hca1eYDNN4EuBgSv4VkvROgTaCn5bdh5YmMpg3II96fvkzH-8w49M-vpSs9cXerNEFotm2NDwJCk/s400/buccaneers.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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In THE BUCCANEERS, the Gang's vessel is spotted, Jolly Roger hoisted high, and the navy has them brought aboard for questioning. "I'm going to scare these kids," says the captain. He's clearly unimpressed with their wooden swords and Mary's pistol, which seems to have been fashioned from a sawed off banister. "Do you know what we do with pirates?" he asks Mickey. The boy nods yes...then no. "We hang 'em!" Fortunately, the captain arrives at a less severe punishment: swabbing the deck. Of course, the kids don't take kindly to authority, and manage to escape back onto their fishing boat.<br />
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A preview of THE BUCCANEERS was shown aboard the California. "Afterwards members of the cast, their parents and a delegation from the Hal Roach Studios were entertained in the officers' quarters." Although Mark Goldaine, who was with Roach only a short time, was credited as director, trade magazines reported that <i>both</i> he and McGowan were present the day the battleship intercepted the crew.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjffcbiGO6PKbcPITjG6TXIs1vAvDU1f0k2B7DaWeJ8fiu5x7BTLrxVolDs8ahv6FOdtBAE0At-WGzPI-PD4HbX9yRefQk6lXumZ_n1RSgQEbVjwts-iS9hNtFMAKQVxV5iNHLa5AER_lLg/s1600/film+daily+nov+21%252C+1924.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1421" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjffcbiGO6PKbcPITjG6TXIs1vAvDU1f0k2B7DaWeJ8fiu5x7BTLrxVolDs8ahv6FOdtBAE0At-WGzPI-PD4HbX9yRefQk6lXumZ_n1RSgQEbVjwts-iS9hNtFMAKQVxV5iNHLa5AER_lLg/s400/film+daily+nov+21%252C+1924.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad from Film Daily, November 21, 1924</i></span></td></tr>
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Mickey's infatuation with Mary was no secret around the studio, but when the ring he gave Mary turned green, she returned it -- minus the candy it came with. He even spent a whole week's allowance on Mary, taking her to a Saturday afternoon matinee, followed by an ice cream soda, candy and peanuts. Mickey's heart was rendered asunder, however, as the 7-year-old girl seemed interested only in the officers aboard the U.S.S. California. He couldn't wait for filming on THE BUCCANEERS to end.<br />
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Mickey won her heart back with an early Christmas gift: a puppy. Mary rewarded him with a kiss, in front of the gang, who teased him mercilessly. He chased his little tormentors around the studio.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDokbVD6ZJzPKPq5DaiNh6DveqfLWaGhCt4psn4PyFmlBtYitBM4XQbYho2Qz2WU_gs4p_SmQkNAcCPAMz-fWVTkRfjmioL6ry9qMFsYxhHUkQtDXHdpYCRQkLPH7rWgrvLeVYG9K5By0G/s1600/our+gang+-+tire+trouble%252C+1924.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="649" data-original-width="807" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDokbVD6ZJzPKPq5DaiNh6DveqfLWaGhCt4psn4PyFmlBtYitBM4XQbYho2Qz2WU_gs4p_SmQkNAcCPAMz-fWVTkRfjmioL6ry9qMFsYxhHUkQtDXHdpYCRQkLPH7rWgrvLeVYG9K5By0G/s400/our+gang+-+tire+trouble%252C+1924.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>TIRE TROUBLE, released January of 1924, features what must be the Gang</i>'<i>s crowning achievement: an automobile made almost entirely from garbage. It took them two days to nail together this delightful monstrosity. The doors, on which </i>"<i>OG</i>"<i> is scrawled in paint</i><i>, open with knobs and have wooden window frames; a piece of wood serves as a bumper; the </i>"<i>attamatick signal</i>"<i> is a board that slides side to side to indicate turns; the roof is a bed sheet; a broken shard from a mirror affords a rear view; and the dashboard is too bizarre for words. But it</i>'<i>s legit: being that their vehicle is adorned with numerous license plates, they expect no trouble from the coppers. Still, before the end of this fun two-reeler, they</i><i> reduced their rattling creation to little more than the chassis.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx5iGd9Ur6SwGC0wi2c_rXRgAwzl7roviH9zHQ-0noH4ehcejKg_QbqRJcAs0-epF2cevRxljb3GhFRyu8RmVgpqEpM3XcE9YQaaynfzdgM6iAKlqIzA4dwxWWRSU5wOXT_KMfPTrgz-Gg/s1600/our+gang+-+jubilo+jr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="691" data-original-width="1392" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx5iGd9Ur6SwGC0wi2c_rXRgAwzl7roviH9zHQ-0noH4ehcejKg_QbqRJcAs0-epF2cevRxljb3GhFRyu8RmVgpqEpM3XcE9YQaaynfzdgM6iAKlqIzA4dwxWWRSU5wOXT_KMfPTrgz-Gg/s400/our+gang+-+jubilo+jr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>JUBILO, JR. (1924); this bitter-sweet entry co-starred Will Rogers; the Gang</i>'<i>s homemade circus show was utterly ridiculous, of course -- which elicited uproarious laughter from the juvenile patrons in the stands</i></span></td></tr>
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The Gang, minus Farina, made a brief appearance in a Stan Laurel two-reeler titled RUPERT OF HEE HAW, released June 8, 1924. The kids appear as the "great throng" cheering the false king. Filming took place December 20 to 26, 1923, and January 2 to 12, 1924. Mary and Mickey had larger roles when they appeared in another Laurel film, SHORT KILTS. Shooting took place from January 16 to January 24, 1924, in between production of the Gang's IT'S A BEAR and CRADLE ROBBERS. The two-reel comedy was released on August 3. Sunshine Sammy left the Gang after filming IT'S A BEAR and went into vaudeville; however, in June 1924 both he and Jack Davis returned for re-shoots of FAST COMPANY, which director Charles Parrott had started filming in March of 1923 but had left unfinished. McGowan completed the film.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNzGvUDLfkjarW6OY0qZKvoCBJvHHBpIn8ViAFgdkyCT1CUYowOsPGJHgTit3x_I5ud00k5H4nFTbtrTxB0NBSn8JVZi76T92agSNgZZ0o03DvP0sCpaiGS9WzVnzwoEDlz_L6p7I0C_cN/s1600/our+gang+all+in+a+row.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1044" data-original-width="1552" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNzGvUDLfkjarW6OY0qZKvoCBJvHHBpIn8ViAFgdkyCT1CUYowOsPGJHgTit3x_I5ud00k5H4nFTbtrTxB0NBSn8JVZi76T92agSNgZZ0o03DvP0sCpaiGS9WzVnzwoEDlz_L6p7I0C_cN/s400/our+gang+all+in+a+row.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Photo taken during filming of IT'S A BEAR (1924)</i></span> </td></tr>
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A fire broke out at the Roach studio on the evening of July 7, 1924, destroying stage number 2, including sets used by the Our Gang unit, and most of the electrical equipment. At first the loss was thought to be $175,000, but was later estimated at $100,000. The studio promised that production (on THE MYSTERIOUS MYSTERY!, in the Gang's case) would continue, and a new stage was completed the next day. Other studios loaned Roach some needed equipment.<br />
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If fire couldn't halt production, lying in bed would. A week after the conflagration Mary had a "slight attack" of scarlet fever, and Joe was stricken with measles.<br />
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There was more disappointment: a planned tour for August that would have the Gang making personal appearances in large cities in the east had the kids jumping up and down with excitement, but the idea had to be scrapped due to complications with child labour laws there.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbVp0VHIm-YpHbHhoKD5aOcVNHM-RaV9YpC5Okd4rhlE8njwBm6uFjN328pquPbhtbDFw6pk6X7H6O_4PPR6WA7NRy9Qgn_bLCc0qjuL7sUhp8XtHPBgCdDZ6DfBuJTldZhijFoM8XRsh8/s1600/Sundown+Limited+train.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="790" data-original-width="606" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbVp0VHIm-YpHbHhoKD5aOcVNHM-RaV9YpC5Okd4rhlE8njwBm6uFjN328pquPbhtbDFw6pk6X7H6O_4PPR6WA7NRy9Qgn_bLCc0qjuL7sUhp8XtHPBgCdDZ6DfBuJTldZhijFoM8XRsh8/s400/Sundown+Limited+train.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>THE SUNDOWN LIMITED (1924)</i></span></td></tr>
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However, there came a small measure of compensation. Courtesy of the <i>Oakland Tribune</i> newspaper, Mary made a personal appearance at the American Theatre on Saturday morning, August 23. Mary gave a speech about what's it like to be a moving picture star, as well as a recitation. The program also included an Our Gang film, TIRE TROUBLE, and a performance by the Tribune Juveniles, a singing-dancing-acting troupe. The Tribune reported that when she appeared on stage there were exclamations of "Oh! What a sweet little girl." "What a little darling." "Isn't she pretty."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdYB3qL8rNG_DibL8vlfAR6s7qVOtS71h9OiAluFQg5vQir8M-bVfGpvze8ga-LJz1YwOLeoxxaTZihi0R52JimMwlZus_BUR1wuVzA-Iz8gFq68N3U5BI9QoBEFef6tv9N0If6UMQOkfr/s1600/our+gang+charity+work.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="923" data-original-width="931" height="396" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdYB3qL8rNG_DibL8vlfAR6s7qVOtS71h9OiAluFQg5vQir8M-bVfGpvze8ga-LJz1YwOLeoxxaTZihi0R52JimMwlZus_BUR1wuVzA-Iz8gFq68N3U5BI9QoBEFef6tv9N0If6UMQOkfr/s400/our+gang+charity+work.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Charity work in San Bernardino, 1924</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDmVkHAlBzpQb978ss2EvEf-BUZO1fYszdyQ4ODOiDfuTkP4KlIJvZIgdK2ThpICvqnvSR3GZOeiILLcbBvgtqodTGGE-iB8hIgs7Qad4ZFD3JbhEQlGEauWAlW0vnNGc2iAmmaF0YOVKQ/s1600/mary+kornman+and+bob+mcgowan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1376" data-original-width="1098" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDmVkHAlBzpQb978ss2EvEf-BUZO1fYszdyQ4ODOiDfuTkP4KlIJvZIgdK2ThpICvqnvSR3GZOeiILLcbBvgtqodTGGE-iB8hIgs7Qad4ZFD3JbhEQlGEauWAlW0vnNGc2iAmmaF0YOVKQ/s400/mary+kornman+and+bob+mcgowan.jpg" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary with director Robert McGowan; </i>"<i>Uncle Bob</i>"<i>, the kids called him</i></span></td></tr>
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But it wasn't just the Gang that kids were clamouring to see. A morning paper in New York carried the story that Robert McGowan was in town, searching for talent. In fact, it was supposed to be a vacation. The hotel he was staying at was besieged by children, as well as their parents, who were hoping to get them into the pictures. Management insisted McGowan come down to the lobby to deal with the horde, but he could barely get out of the elevator. He was escorted out the back for his own safety. The Gang <i>also</i> invaded New York in THE BIG TOWN, released January 11, 1925.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAOGPeJJIa6GZNHQ2Ya_9P4g9UFfp_LvBynovW9aaqnteSAV5VF9EaYEuU0ePHfZasvLIjUyy1hGdhFAT9mGEO7K2OTDA6LRmyF44PsFmstN6HljURarAfcIZbfumTN07pgGB-lnwqF1TE/s1600/big+town+1925.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1002" data-original-width="1235" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAOGPeJJIa6GZNHQ2Ya_9P4g9UFfp_LvBynovW9aaqnteSAV5VF9EaYEuU0ePHfZasvLIjUyy1hGdhFAT9mGEO7K2OTDA6LRmyF44PsFmstN6HljURarAfcIZbfumTN07pgGB-lnwqF1TE/s400/big+town+1925.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary sporting long curls in THE BIG TOWN (1925)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqR6KgB3uYe_mC1Rc9JLPMFg22hBiLKBOJx_G9qB_nZRIGW9LBj05XaglibkS8CDG_kfgsyWzDx33kOA_4tsXolf4TKn67zJ-_dmBr7KVFJ9Xz3hWhIgu5xYtXPmDEzXnJrK68Qyibuc_J/s1600/moving+picture+world+jan+24%252C+1925+big+town.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="629" data-original-width="802" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqR6KgB3uYe_mC1Rc9JLPMFg22hBiLKBOJx_G9qB_nZRIGW9LBj05XaglibkS8CDG_kfgsyWzDx33kOA_4tsXolf4TKn67zJ-_dmBr7KVFJ9Xz3hWhIgu5xYtXPmDEzXnJrK68Qyibuc_J/s400/moving+picture+world+jan+24%252C+1925+big+town.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>During production, THE BIG TOWN went under the working title </i>"<i>In New York</i>"</span></td></tr>
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Their next release, CIRCUS FEVER, introduced Johnny Downs, who joined in the fall of 1924, in a small role. That same month it was announced that Johnny was "formally initiated" into the group, chosen from a list of fifty hopefuls. Johnny was rather effusive in his admiration for Mary. He composed several poems for her, and for his efforts was mocked and given the raspberry by the other fellas in the Gang.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3jLZ6f5rqztz5O4pEsUILEnG7ra1TgLkL8zfSmBI-j2FyuXS2Zd6hBXWSLRvzXwCI_SgzELliURPSsn0opNPNiVZDmhwL45q_x1zqU4g81f8e_1GZEiX01ELczztnA5kOwVOQAnDcOh-l/s1600/with+christy+walsh+1922.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1262" data-original-width="1600" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3jLZ6f5rqztz5O4pEsUILEnG7ra1TgLkL8zfSmBI-j2FyuXS2Zd6hBXWSLRvzXwCI_SgzELliURPSsn0opNPNiVZDmhwL45q_x1zqU4g81f8e_1GZEiX01ELczztnA5kOwVOQAnDcOh-l/s400/with+christy+walsh+1922.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The Gang with Christy Walsh, Babe Ruth's agent, as well as a ghost writer for sports columns; as Eugene "Pineapple" Jackson was with them for a very short time, this photo was probably taken late 1924 or early 1925</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPpkITmVDZgNZoCq3VeUB590vik64GRjUGJQsIngfF-9nBD8w8Eg7-Kb94KT3Nfiscr_uwcQ7ZDe7q5GZrHyAulkjf2wkMA_UNuPgB05yshcz0t5dkr3Uretw2D9xWT2K9yJugjNee2pEu/s1600/moving+picture+world+jan+31%252C+1925.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1149" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPpkITmVDZgNZoCq3VeUB590vik64GRjUGJQsIngfF-9nBD8w8Eg7-Kb94KT3Nfiscr_uwcQ7ZDe7q5GZrHyAulkjf2wkMA_UNuPgB05yshcz0t5dkr3Uretw2D9xWT2K9yJugjNee2pEu/s400/moving+picture+world+jan+31%252C+1925.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The kids look like they're thinking of skippin' school; ad from Moving Picture World, January 31, 1925</i></span></td></tr>
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The age-old mystery of whether pets go to heaven seems to have been solved by Mary Kornman in 1925 during an exchange with Robert McGowan:<br />
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"Do chickens go to heaven?" she asked.<br />
"What a question! Of course not."<br />
"Why don't chickens go to heaven when cats do?"<br />
"What makes you think cats go to heaven?"<br />
"Because when I dug up my kitty where it was buried it was all gone."<br />
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Mary, usually a supporting player, was the dominant force in MARY, QUEEN OF TOTS, released August 23, 1925. A pre-release was shown at the Ocean Grove Auditorium in New Jersey August 17, as part of a program screening Harold Lloyd's new movie, THE FRESHMAN. A Pathe news reel was thrown in for good measure.<br />
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In QUEEN OF TOTS, Mary plays a poor little rich girl whose parents have no time for her. The gardener (played by Richard Daniels, Mickey's dad, who made numerous appearances in Our Gang films) is her only ally, and he purchases four handcrafted dolls for her (the likenesses of Mickey, Jackie, Joe and Farina). Mary is confined to her bedroom by her stern governess, but when the gardener presents the dolls to Mary, the little girl is overjoyed. She reads a fairy tale to her "dollies", imagining herself as the princess of the story, being fought over by two suitors -- in suits of armour. Mary falls asleep on the floor, and starts to dream. The dolls, as well as a couple of her stuffed animals, come to life and begin climbing about the chairs and dresser. This surreal sequence employed trick photography and a gigantic replica of the bedroom and its furnishings. As well, the viewer looks up through a glass floor at Farina, as if he's walking on air. The governess enters the room while Mary is still asleep, sees the dolls sitting where Mary had left them, and gathers them up. She tosses them in the garbage can outside. When Mary awakens, she's in a panic, searching for the dolls. She spies Mickey, Jackie, Joe and Farina near the sidewalk, and believes her new toys have come to life. Mary invites the boys inside for a snack, and when the governess discovers the little ragamuffins, she's baffled. She rushes off to fetch a police officer after the boys refuse to leave, and while she's gone the gardener returns with the dolls, which he'd found in the garbage. The boys explain that they were paid a dollar per week to model for the dolls. All conspire to fool the governess, and leave the dolls in the dining room. The policeman with whom the governess returns has trouble accepting her bizarre story about living dolls. He asks Mary if the lady might be a bit looney. "I don't know for sure -- Mebbe she is --" The cop carts off the governess, presumably to the madhouse.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-OgR4P_Cfxp-NGSsQD0-MCPfvRRr0P-DIlcstV2IKEl5uEgNnkUIEaw-gdZwWo8j8ZGwaS9AN3pqstC1jhtxwsz2Jjb92nu_dlLaTQjM-cTlXAjOVfOeYw8r591vU81UGsJ6fbuHIk4zq/s1600/mary%252C+queen+of+tots+props.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="894" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-OgR4P_Cfxp-NGSsQD0-MCPfvRRr0P-DIlcstV2IKEl5uEgNnkUIEaw-gdZwWo8j8ZGwaS9AN3pqstC1jhtxwsz2Jjb92nu_dlLaTQjM-cTlXAjOVfOeYw8r591vU81UGsJ6fbuHIk4zq/s400/mary%252C+queen+of+tots+props.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Hal Roach (right), with Elmer Pearson, vice-president of Pathe (sitting on a 10-foot-tall chair) and the Gang, in a publicity photo for MARY QUEEN OF TOTS</i></span></td></tr>
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It's possible the inspiration for this story came from the bickering that must have occasionally occurred between the boys and Mary over the "no dolls" rule, for she certainly never kept her vow. She continued getting new ones, like the "Bye-Lo Baby", the first realistic doll on the market. When her little sister Mildred was born July 10, 1925, Mary declared that she was through with dolls, that Mildred was all she needed. But an article from March 1926 describes how one day the Gang were keeping themselves busy in between scenes: "Jackie was trying to drive a nail with an empty pop bottle, Mickey was moving things around to suit his own architectural scheme, Farina was dabbling in a convenient barrel of tar and Mary Kornman, the little leading lady of the Gang, was playing dolls as unconcernedly as though she were far removed from a movie lot." This peaceful moment suggests that the boys had long ago given up trying to enforce their "no dolls" rule.<br />
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The boys were either flattered or dismayed when Sayco released a boxed set of Our Gang dolls in 1926. 12 inches tall, Freckles, Fatty, Jackie, Mary and Farina, "the most famous gang of kids in the world", danced when wound up.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAsEv4nEHtVWUDSe45lKPXHVAvKjhAKRCoTQBpwmMXJVgPFsd70_yCGUyE0a-Kb91NTy9t4rUB2J5IdQUi9Zh5qUZB_xCi5P71UK57HBqeMNJ2CuoDVNpghdRext0hmNWfjhX6ZjfKtFTw/s1600/mary%252C+queen+of+tots+-+dolls.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="641" data-original-width="1019" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAsEv4nEHtVWUDSe45lKPXHVAvKjhAKRCoTQBpwmMXJVgPFsd70_yCGUyE0a-Kb91NTy9t4rUB2J5IdQUi9Zh5qUZB_xCi5P71UK57HBqeMNJ2CuoDVNpghdRext0hmNWfjhX6ZjfKtFTw/s400/mary%252C+queen+of+tots+-+dolls.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Farina, Jackie, Mickey and Joe -- caught playing with dolls!; from MARY, QUEEN OF TOTS</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQYmopsg6_zjolYqMhgFvDGWN3SegxXbNjnwpZbqYDbPgvqJFql9IKPukWKHf4mKWsOqEzNmkemx7aLuFhrTOySdbZiOnUbIaIzMLxORiWx5JbiApqShC8pJBk1hKfc4c9XsrrXXliH-VC/s1600/cut+outs+-+woman%2527s+home+companion%252C+october+1925.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1339" data-original-width="978" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQYmopsg6_zjolYqMhgFvDGWN3SegxXbNjnwpZbqYDbPgvqJFql9IKPukWKHf4mKWsOqEzNmkemx7aLuFhrTOySdbZiOnUbIaIzMLxORiWx5JbiApqShC8pJBk1hKfc4c9XsrrXXliH-VC/s400/cut+outs+-+woman%2527s+home+companion%252C+october+1925.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>More dolls. From Woman's Home Companion, October 1925</i></span></td></tr>
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1925 saw the beginning of Our Gang merchandise and tie-ups with advertisers: Jantzen Knitting Mills (bathing suits and knit goods); Proctor and Gamble (Ivory soap); Beech-nut Packing Company (Beech-nut Fruit Drops); A. Stein and Company (Paris Garters); Armour Grain Company (breakfast cereal); H. C. White Company (Kiddie Kars and wagons); Meccano Company (construction toys); Wilson Company (sporting goods); Camelline Face Powder; Huntington Non-Skid tan soles; Twistum Toys; Cannon Ball Brake scooters; Ingersoll Dollar Pens; Bishop and Company (Honeysweet Grahams); Ruud water heaters (how the Gang promoting a water heater was of any advantage to the manufacturer is anyone's guess).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi36jwkdO4db3qFMrZ9Y49E4Nb7pc9Z3KssYRY4NZgjC2_5g80D0do97gd0seduY5aAiji4LsJKhCw-2Koo_5BwCJ1pMEO2uGldBC_5C4Xf-fCR3A3nBz2vxzY_5ZD7anUXuMM13O0x53VM/s1600/cannon+ball+brake+scooter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="637" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi36jwkdO4db3qFMrZ9Y49E4Nb7pc9Z3KssYRY4NZgjC2_5g80D0do97gd0seduY5aAiji4LsJKhCw-2Koo_5BwCJ1pMEO2uGldBC_5C4Xf-fCR3A3nBz2vxzY_5ZD7anUXuMM13O0x53VM/s400/cannon+ball+brake+scooter.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The Gang advertising Cannon Ball Brake scooters</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1Nirx3h_tEM1hYveV1wrX9NwE742P_VIPldz1i1Aky1pv_dW1d65n0XBrJmiVJvg5ArqDsj1tGq_MtOQyLVNYEgNUnbQiU9BRL7DK-gcTni01xv9EXAZ7xzTx70DBMHm3rBDiPZuAXz98/s1600/our+gang+-+twistums+toys.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="708" data-original-width="900" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1Nirx3h_tEM1hYveV1wrX9NwE742P_VIPldz1i1Aky1pv_dW1d65n0XBrJmiVJvg5ArqDsj1tGq_MtOQyLVNYEgNUnbQiU9BRL7DK-gcTni01xv9EXAZ7xzTx70DBMHm3rBDiPZuAXz98/s400/our+gang+-+twistums+toys.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Pathe Review No. 45 included a segment featuring the Gang, along with Bob McGowan. Produced by the Roach studio, it was shot by Alvin Knechtel using a process camera to produce the special effects. The film begins with McGowan sitting at his desk, jotting down ideas on a clip board. The kids, only a few inches tall, are standing on the desk between the telephone and a pile of books, trying to get his attention. The director shakes his fountain pen, splashing Joe full of ink, then each of the kids is given a brief scene. "Mary, our Harum-Scarum! Her ambition -- to grow up -- have a lovely cottage -- and triplets!" Mary, in a tutu, uses a magic wand to produce three miniature versions of herself, which dance a slow motion ballet side by side; Jackie multiplies; Mickey becomes elongated; Joe watches three versions of himself marching; and Farina dances on a glass floor, the camera situated below.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOGj_EaWZYb-wMvu_7Ki58iBaZuuDoGisA1krnNXOeEaETfYO4zcGPrqcT5o36qMTgGg1Z3pHG_f4qYZ_0V_MGi0FAVKzEBwknak5btjQ1wt9Jy66d8JwytOhVPv4kEb-5FEuza7GpHBIu/s1600/motion+picture+news+nov+28%252C+1925+-+pathe+review.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="596" data-original-width="697" height="341" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOGj_EaWZYb-wMvu_7Ki58iBaZuuDoGisA1krnNXOeEaETfYO4zcGPrqcT5o36qMTgGg1Z3pHG_f4qYZ_0V_MGi0FAVKzEBwknak5btjQ1wt9Jy66d8JwytOhVPv4kEb-5FEuza7GpHBIu/s400/motion+picture+news+nov+28%252C+1925+-+pathe+review.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The Gang, cluttering Bob McGowan's desktop, tries to attract his attention, to no avail</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKeeSK4sWZ1qJBmwgsPPOa52-QSpNFzwW7WZ_bqanbQNc1-E6Mp-JJNAkVgr902BgF-CkDSNhgPGNCa7gNjDfwtkWQrWE09qRpRsxxjWGPJ1Z1JjEgj6wfYKmb7jp3U_dj1Nyj9yPADDQT/s1600/pathe+review+no.+45%252C+1925.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="615" data-original-width="854" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKeeSK4sWZ1qJBmwgsPPOa52-QSpNFzwW7WZ_bqanbQNc1-E6Mp-JJNAkVgr902BgF-CkDSNhgPGNCa7gNjDfwtkWQrWE09qRpRsxxjWGPJ1Z1JjEgj6wfYKmb7jp3U_dj1Nyj9yPADDQT/s400/pathe+review+no.+45%252C+1925.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Scene from Pathe Review No. 45, 1925; that's a telephone, to the left</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzoMsjy1jq_eiOydzzzx3vTbF6IzmLic8ZJqJgDY8Z4ukIiMbRuONmhPyyjqGncK2TgVoLo9rYLeFnHSIaDxfTpWbmCJDu_pkyiQwVPyaMHviU3CPxHfaBFgxTKfK1rP_RmYoowOeRL5ce/s1600/our+gang+-+la+times+june+27%252C+1925.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="788" data-original-width="991" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzoMsjy1jq_eiOydzzzx3vTbF6IzmLic8ZJqJgDY8Z4ukIiMbRuONmhPyyjqGncK2TgVoLo9rYLeFnHSIaDxfTpWbmCJDu_pkyiQwVPyaMHviU3CPxHfaBFgxTKfK1rP_RmYoowOeRL5ce/s400/our+gang+-+la+times+june+27%252C+1925.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The Gang, from the L.A. Times, June 27, 1925</i></span></td></tr>
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Although released November 8, 1925, the segment was filmed March 1 to 14, immediately prior to MARY, QUEEN OF TOTS, filmed March 16 to April 1. The glass floor used in the Pathe Review film was either contructed for QUEEN OF TOTS, or inspired the similar scene used in that two-reeler. Art Lloyd was the cameraman for QUEEN OF TOTS, but it's possible that Knechtel had a hand in producing the special effects. Although Johnny Downs appears with the Gang on McGowan's desk, he isn't given a solo bit -- at least not in surviving prints -- nor does he appear in QUEEN OF TOTS. Katherine Grant, an actress with the Roach studio, was also Mary's dance teacher.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcUlnXheBfj80JPlz6pdxBxxh53HVnsc6bIJvt5X80gu2KwrFul4fnRTCgb-oSME5MW4xeq46KDTeWqP74EPJRUxmIOJWdq_G3pKK_TmBz5VIeE5-ukDjVpR6GJ2IeermIYCigFFrR_hjM/s1600/our+gang+valentine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="773" data-original-width="994" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcUlnXheBfj80JPlz6pdxBxxh53HVnsc6bIJvt5X80gu2KwrFul4fnRTCgb-oSME5MW4xeq46KDTeWqP74EPJRUxmIOJWdq_G3pKK_TmBz5VIeE5-ukDjVpR6GJ2IeermIYCigFFrR_hjM/s400/our+gang+valentine.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>And to think, at first those urchins didn</i>'<i>t even want her in the Gang!</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY_cDqgGG87zfdURZ5m-lkr0ZZgnzj3gJ-5uR28lbHlUqFdR7Nd7hIbA1ez-9jpxZh3z5OYY_6iXkV9rpYkPVJVFNGpYb5HtpNkFp7z9rgWikjbztBRoYA8BerQaOJBRF6NwpJ3pHUyNRg/s1600/better+movies.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1092" data-original-width="1422" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY_cDqgGG87zfdURZ5m-lkr0ZZgnzj3gJ-5uR28lbHlUqFdR7Nd7hIbA1ez-9jpxZh3z5OYY_6iXkV9rpYkPVJVFNGpYb5HtpNkFp7z9rgWikjbztBRoYA8BerQaOJBRF6NwpJ3pHUyNRg/s400/better+movies.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>BETTER MOVIES (1925)</i></span></td></tr>
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In August of 1925 Gene Kornman was called to the studio. It seems Mary was being difficult: she refused to roll down her socks. "How come, Mary?" Gene asked. "I won't do it, daddy. They want to make a flapper out of me, an' -- an' -- I wanna be a dignified actress!"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7ilhKyAwTHDkHn0cjZyTHw0E76BHY8rrvVPztAGNrM44V2dFk5rTjx5SMObrpgMBxfLxmgBhX4PnNM7zU4CSwU1JENQIg0KCJItatHZqr5Yt3zo0cbJHSmwLTeU44Z6RfIzlw4WhCkyXD/s1600/official+officers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="357" data-original-width="503" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7ilhKyAwTHDkHn0cjZyTHw0E76BHY8rrvVPztAGNrM44V2dFk5rTjx5SMObrpgMBxfLxmgBhX4PnNM7zU4CSwU1JENQIg0KCJItatHZqr5Yt3zo0cbJHSmwLTeU44Z6RfIzlw4WhCkyXD/s400/official+officers.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>So she is a flapper, after all! The Gang become cops for a day, in OFFICIAL OFFICERS, one of the better episodes in the Pathe series.</i></span></td></tr>
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The Gang's first Christmas film, GOOD CHEER, was released January 10, 1926. By this time, Our Gang films were booked in 11,500 theatres in the U.S. out of a possible 17,000 -- and those were just regular bookings.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0AYwfggiX6SgFNwCbHOa9XcjJIjqGCLczodL2fLfvIlXMTFR8H3NlU2bodpiNX3UxuEVuT-50tWva108nAeEt5KXV7QI6_BPPZHUDXbks8D0HrjHZw_10Rfxc7r8bvhrDAeeL0MBJ5r_Q/s1600/santa+trap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="796" data-original-width="1276" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0AYwfggiX6SgFNwCbHOa9XcjJIjqGCLczodL2fLfvIlXMTFR8H3NlU2bodpiNX3UxuEVuT-50tWva108nAeEt5KXV7QI6_BPPZHUDXbks8D0HrjHZw_10Rfxc7r8bvhrDAeeL0MBJ5r_Q/s400/santa+trap.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A month before Christmas 1925, the kids posed for this picture; Farina figured if they could catch Santa in a bear trap they'd get a lot more presents</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDaNe3ELUxpMxXp5iYuahAF-cFS09-ZoB8ivHhuf1NaislJp0Zmlix425mrCRX47XUZKFzq_cNn6wUm5trJhzSQJgmomtikhFSQmMFqMJn0JsCFE_RycndW56V48dto8v7oIUOVGjeuGGZ/s1600/good+cheer+frozen+car.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="610" data-original-width="767" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDaNe3ELUxpMxXp5iYuahAF-cFS09-ZoB8ivHhuf1NaislJp0Zmlix425mrCRX47XUZKFzq_cNn6wUm5trJhzSQJgmomtikhFSQmMFqMJn0JsCFE_RycndW56V48dto8v7oIUOVGjeuGGZ/s400/good+cheer+frozen+car.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary warms her hands over the stove in GOOD CHEER; beside her, Richard Daniels and David Durand</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieAfBaCwDc-LNC6K4vfCQOvcHzGol9Ks8zJpti_-f4b0L8NQn3ATLcTMQ57aNWwVZkaN4uoRwqwzoa5_kh03P1r0g9TSwzAXMNMQcgdfIsmHX6co0T0QaSOKbVxNdPiIwQ4v0gJgJiYLd0/s1600/good+cheer+toboggan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="594" data-original-width="783" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieAfBaCwDc-LNC6K4vfCQOvcHzGol9Ks8zJpti_-f4b0L8NQn3ATLcTMQ57aNWwVZkaN4uoRwqwzoa5_kh03P1r0g9TSwzAXMNMQcgdfIsmHX6co0T0QaSOKbVxNdPiIwQ4v0gJgJiYLd0/s400/good+cheer+toboggan.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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THUNDERING FLEAS, released July 4, 1926, was Mickey's last film with the Gang. It also introduced Elmer "Scooter" Lowry (as "Skooter"), a tough kid from Brooklyn, with Mildred Kornman making a brief appearance as his little sister. Scooter's original nickname was "Skippy", but, as he was always scooting about, the Gang rechristened him.<br />
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Mickey's departure marked the beginning of the end for the original Gang. THE FOURTH ALARM!, released September 12, 1926, was Mary's swan song. Mildred, less than a year old when it was filmed, is given a lot of screen time, in a plot devised specifically for her by Joe Cobb. Filming finished June 14, and early in July McGowan announced to the press in Chicago that Mickey and Mary were no longer with the Gang. Mickey, 11, and Mary, 10, had simply grown too old. Jay Smith, who joined the Gang in 1925, had even more freckles than Mickey. Mary would eventually be replaced by another pretty blonde, 4-year-old Jean Darling, in 1927.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0feyi5lt26qJBRyG4nAcemn9Unng01Jnry_zg9gXneui-EaG1hmolekSeNxNE_Wj0XePqUxWSYXl4XatG0nJLZKVla2ht4rg2Zc7RTeOuaLOWfWnCq6NbvyW7gSO4A8iXdlUhW3bUfTXR/s1600/mary+front+of+roach+studio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="934" data-original-width="738" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0feyi5lt26qJBRyG4nAcemn9Unng01Jnry_zg9gXneui-EaG1hmolekSeNxNE_Wj0XePqUxWSYXl4XatG0nJLZKVla2ht4rg2Zc7RTeOuaLOWfWnCq6NbvyW7gSO4A8iXdlUhW3bUfTXR/s400/mary+front+of+roach+studio.jpg" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary, in front of the Roach studio</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhldShV-6cpjVuVbT5IZ_MMF4RjUF6k6jMFApOvEmB67cpUTeR6efLh0FKnhvmcoOsBE5hcm9HPhMXmEeRYpMs3Bv5AOd4X4A32h55takA9UtcLC5xUG18eTuDZe_1BzFt0R9LejCdkFroA/s1600/mildred+kornman+1927.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="719" data-original-width="649" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhldShV-6cpjVuVbT5IZ_MMF4RjUF6k6jMFApOvEmB67cpUTeR6efLh0FKnhvmcoOsBE5hcm9HPhMXmEeRYpMs3Bv5AOd4X4A32h55takA9UtcLC5xUG18eTuDZe_1BzFt0R9LejCdkFroA/s400/mildred+kornman+1927.jpg" width="360" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mildred Kornman, 1927</i></span></td></tr>
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THE FOURTH ALARM! was also the last film with McGowan as sole director of the series. Afterwards, he co-directed with his nephew, Robert Anthony McGowan, (who used the name "Anthony Mack" to avoid confusion), then alternated with Anthony and other directors.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJcZzQJl1yaqXu-oArwexALa_dYql9P0C8iokkOppbt08HSXvnNaGSHjo0F9ZgHFDgJ0nFc3tTI9bbm8u-FvK01tMAAmO8-M1qLrRpMSTTQ1dlYw8q5uPdl69o1CWcVk1Jv9ZsQd4xHlN4/s1600/mary+kornman+1926.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1511" data-original-width="800" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJcZzQJl1yaqXu-oArwexALa_dYql9P0C8iokkOppbt08HSXvnNaGSHjo0F9ZgHFDgJ0nFc3tTI9bbm8u-FvK01tMAAmO8-M1qLrRpMSTTQ1dlYw8q5uPdl69o1CWcVk1Jv9ZsQd4xHlN4/s400/mary+kornman+1926.jpg" width="211" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary, 1926; ten years old and already facing retirement</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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A copy of Mary's last contract with Roach, valid from July 27, 1925 to July 26, 1926, showed that Mary earned $50 per week for the first six months, and $75 thereafter; an additional $25 per week was given for "the exclusive and sole right" to Mary's services. A 1924 article claimed that Sammy was the highest paid of the Gang, earning $250 a week. Hal Roach must have thought highly of him. To the average citizen the $75 or $100 a week that Mary was earning would have seemed an awful lot, but it was a far cry from her contemporary, Baby Peggy, who, according to trade papers, was signed to a 3-year deal for one and a half million dollars, though Principal Pictures president Sol Lesser denied the reports of such an exorbitant sum.<br />
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MARY, MARY, WHERE YOU GOING TO?<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EUwF-G8V6AaWfuwueUurDFHKM3S73CKhjwlXyavBAwfGZwgpBaOjmu7nK-72S6FMcfknWS5a0SYpsTiUpbWU8pQL_lhc1Pshnga8EfWiwAZaDLGvFxgdoyE8LxVQ6mI_wRFkzsHD1MQF/s1600/vaudeville+goat+cart+film.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="537" data-original-width="935" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EUwF-G8V6AaWfuwueUurDFHKM3S73CKhjwlXyavBAwfGZwgpBaOjmu7nK-72S6FMcfknWS5a0SYpsTiUpbWU8pQL_lhc1Pshnga8EfWiwAZaDLGvFxgdoyE8LxVQ6mI_wRFkzsHD1MQF/s400/vaudeville+goat+cart+film.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary and Mickey celebrate the opening of the Broadway Theatre, Santa Ana, in 1926; it's possible their involvement in this event was filmed and used as the introduction to their stage show</i></span></td></tr>
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Mary and Mickey had no choice but to follow Sammy's footsteps and go into vaudeville. Songwriter Blanche Merrill was hired to write a skit for the two kids. Titled "A Day Off", the performance begins with a short film showing Mary and Mickey in a goat cart leaving a movie studio and driving through the streets of Los Angeles before arriving at a vaudeville theatre. The kids are seen moving towards the stage entrance, at which point the film ends and the curtain rises. Mary and Mickey are on stage, seated on wooden crates. They chat, and Mickey says he misses the Gang. This leads to a comical discussion about the "peculiarities" of movie stars, including current gossip. The kids then mock some of them with imitations, Mickey as western star William S. Hart and Mary as Mae Murray in THE MERRY WIDOW. Mary asks Mickey why he's shooting his gun so much, to which he responds, "Mabel Normand'll get blamed anyhow, so I don't care who I hit." (Mabel Normand was an actress scandalised by links to two separate murders in 1922 and 1924, both involving guns.) They close the show, 18 minutes in all, with imitations of Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2PPaDea7jQcOYlJMPobKLX8lgjlWAwrK7RHxWQEcx5lb8IwCQixMJVlCq_6qrqrVvcpXZ57HAOE0rvfJlN0qKsJB40VlHGEsvm2E5wG0_aqD0250Lvdex-v85vZh7Oj50z2P8SJI0pADQ/s1600/mary+kornman+as+mae+murray%252C+1927.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="858" data-original-width="443" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2PPaDea7jQcOYlJMPobKLX8lgjlWAwrK7RHxWQEcx5lb8IwCQixMJVlCq_6qrqrVvcpXZ57HAOE0rvfJlN0qKsJB40VlHGEsvm2E5wG0_aqD0250Lvdex-v85vZh7Oj50z2P8SJI0pADQ/s400/mary+kornman+as+mae+murray%252C+1927.jpg" width="206" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary, impersonating Mae Murray, 1927</i></span></td></tr>
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Mary and Mickey toured the Orpheum Circuit, first on the Coast, then the Middle West. In February 1927 Mary took ill at the Riviera Theatre in Chicago, and had to have her tonsils and adenoids removed on the 19th at a local hospital, resulting in the cancellation of bookings until she could recover. She left on the 26th to convalesce at her home in Los Angeles. The kids eventually took to the road again, but the stress proved too much for 11-year-old Mary, and she went home, exhausted. Mickey continued the tour with a new partner, singer-dancer Peggy Eames, who had appeared in a few of the Our Gang shorts.<br />
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Johnny Downs had left the Gang late in 1926 for a 12-week engagement in vaudeville. Afterwards, he immediately returned to the Roach studio to appear in one more Our Gang film, CHICKEN FEED, which was also Scooter Lowry's final appearance.<br />
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Herman Timberg, a well-known vaudevillian, was hired early in 1928 to put together an act for Mary, Johnny and Scooter for the Keith-Albee circuit. The result was "In and Out of the Movies", a comical, behind-the-scenes look at film studios. Johnny Downs summed up the show's content in an interview: "We're here to tell you how they do stunts in the movies. We'll show you what goes on behind the camera when Hal Roach isn't looking. We'll sing, dance, and do anything to entertain."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8p7OaqQRwa11ityXfpV2qZquCWszVIVqpB191mIjsAhOBm2lmt47JDCE5_9PAvUhBiXGfZ9TGJiZzw3oCat8ayPC6x2LPVI-ExtIQRtdwxes6zSsqFRcjvOoIXz_8XYKU7Rbl3txuzTC8/s1600/mary%252C+scooter%252C+johnny+-+vaudeville+1928.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="608" data-original-width="793" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8p7OaqQRwa11ityXfpV2qZquCWszVIVqpB191mIjsAhOBm2lmt47JDCE5_9PAvUhBiXGfZ9TGJiZzw3oCat8ayPC6x2LPVI-ExtIQRtdwxes6zSsqFRcjvOoIXz_8XYKU7Rbl3txuzTC8/s400/mary%252C+scooter%252C+johnny+-+vaudeville+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary, Scooter Davis and Johnny Downs; vaudeville, 1928</i></span></td></tr>
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Asked for her opinion of vamps, whom Mary was poking fun at on stage, the 12-year-old girl replied, "Oh, I don't think much of the 'vamp' type for myself. They are always so snaky and slinky. I'd rather be just a regular girl, with tennis and swimming for hobbies and doing other things in the out-of-doors. Vamps have to be too careful of their complexions and their looks. I like to be just me."<br />
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Accompanying Mary, Johnny and Scooter was an entourage, including three of their parents, a governess, a private tutor, and manager Walter J. Neal. A performance in Santa Cruz sold 680 children's tickets, not including toddlers, for whom admission was free, and accompanying parents. The kids performed to capacity crowds at every venue during their lengthy tour, which eventually brought them to the East Coast. Aside from their professional duties, the kids also performed at children's hospitals and orphanages.<br />
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In January of 1929 they played in Elmira, New York, which the kids couldn't wait to visit, being that it was Hal Roach's home town. "You know, I always wanted to see Elmira because Mr. Roach used to tell us so much about it," said Mary. "But I thought it was larger." Their tour continued through the summer.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFxCX1t8Ly-NRFncOU4jPOFfgLBo9IQHXFRaMgp8R-VXA-GWAclVrLtPP1StQOLNJr-Xn8mpbEOx720bruhjVIRXSgZWWIP8j24PP5cEx7Hd8fg0LmFM_mABSzNyj8CSWcc4l70J6kfvQu/s1600/mary%252C+scooter%252C+johnny+1928.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="792" data-original-width="671" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFxCX1t8Ly-NRFncOU4jPOFfgLBo9IQHXFRaMgp8R-VXA-GWAclVrLtPP1StQOLNJr-Xn8mpbEOx720bruhjVIRXSgZWWIP8j24PP5cEx7Hd8fg0LmFM_mABSzNyj8CSWcc4l70J6kfvQu/s400/mary%252C+scooter%252C+johnny+1928.jpg" width="338" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary, Scooter and Johnny, 1928</i></span></td></tr>
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In November, Mary visited the Our Gang lot. There had been some changes. In 1928 Roach ended his association with Pathe. MGM was now his distributor, and the Our Gang shorts were packaged with their features. And in the spring of 1929 the studio converted to sound. But Mary noticed something else. When Farina saw those familiar golden locks he shouted, "Oh, boy, it's Mary", and ran to her. "Where's everybody I used to know, Farina?" asked Mary. They were all gone. Joe had retired earlier in the year. Jackie left after filming ELECTION DAY in August of 1928. Farina was the only one remaining of the old Gang. Mary left the lot, on the verge of tears.<br />
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Mary had no real idea what it was like to attend a public school. She had always been tutored, whether on the lot or on the road. Shortly before Christmas of 1929 she enrolled at Beverly Hills High school. She was uncomfortable in this strange environment, and was hoping to get back to work as soon as possible, and continue her school lessons with a private tutor. Asked if the students treated her differently because she was an actress, Mary replied, "No, I'm not well enough known for that." She left Beverly Hills High early in 1930, and later commented, "I guess one month in school in 19 years is some kind of a record."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZLNp10KtAHoO7njFKVkP9DBSJMVv0vUU5TOJKHmuN3IRITTI58SZOACcwPr3srbxPUOYoyPQGaa9RK1aG__ETSHkbdqtucvon1MNdAAd-4nrCLHqZi4Rhy0_gU9HoeXGoKZQPKWDQA88-/s1600/johnny+downs+and+mary+kornman+1934.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1359" data-original-width="906" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZLNp10KtAHoO7njFKVkP9DBSJMVv0vUU5TOJKHmuN3IRITTI58SZOACcwPr3srbxPUOYoyPQGaa9RK1aG__ETSHkbdqtucvon1MNdAAd-4nrCLHqZi4Rhy0_gU9HoeXGoKZQPKWDQA88-/s400/johnny+downs+and+mary+kornman+1934.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Johnny Downs and Mary Kornman reminiscing, 1934; the two kept in touch throughout their lives</i></span></td></tr>
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By this time Gene and Verna Kornman were divorced, and Verna was appointed legal guardian of Mary, to care for the $10,000 her daughter had saved over the years. Verna and the girls were living in Beverly Hills, renting an apartment for $50 a month. On April 14, Verna told the enumerator for the 1930 Census that she was an "actress" in "studios" and had worked the previous day, to cover up the fact that it was actually 14-year-old Mary supporting the family. Verna needn't have concerned herself, as the Census was confidential. On December 13, 1930, Verna married Leland Traver. It was her third marriage.<br />
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Early in 1930 Mary was in negotiations with Hal Roach to star in a new comedy series about teenagers, something he'd been mulling over for three years. Early working titles were "Puppy Love" and "The Younger Set", but "The Boy Friends" was finally settled upon. Mary's co-star was Mickey Daniels. The 2-reel series, which ran from 1930 to 1932, was the least successful of Roach's productions, and only 15 were made.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiWaA7GgSvioUcrG1LnC2_qSD-Zs7JeYT_3TvflplP9w1_XgA1qClRtoMUchuQbFtgoCGrtOeXFuL4s-qP2XPoc-yK7nznv-_vMdQuaKcOn5T9VSY_fSiOw3TNwFpIoOJDzcR3Xo7KH-Qe/s1600/the+boy+friends.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1248" data-original-width="1586" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiWaA7GgSvioUcrG1LnC2_qSD-Zs7JeYT_3TvflplP9w1_XgA1qClRtoMUchuQbFtgoCGrtOeXFuL4s-qP2XPoc-yK7nznv-_vMdQuaKcOn5T9VSY_fSiOw3TNwFpIoOJDzcR3Xo7KH-Qe/s400/the+boy+friends.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">"<i>The Boy Friends</i>"<i> cast: Gertie Messinger (top); Mary Kornman and Dorothy Granger (middle); David Sharpe, Mickey Daniels and Grady Sutton (bottom); the series was still tentatively titled </i>"<i>The Younger Set</i>"<i> when this photo was taken</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiimVnz6alwr_fsTflo9vqZ-SkWx1cVaFkDo5Sk8-8fJwueabX0VBXRJjOVVyLKewQnEnwbHsqHIJT1G30ysa7DbXJYb-YrWBkD6slkjvkHP0ZEPtkv0sZh4YxjIasaOx0TNOJQmNi2f_Pk/s1600/boyfriends+-+blood+and+thunder+1931.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1279" data-original-width="1600" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiimVnz6alwr_fsTflo9vqZ-SkWx1cVaFkDo5Sk8-8fJwueabX0VBXRJjOVVyLKewQnEnwbHsqHIJT1G30ysa7DbXJYb-YrWBkD6slkjvkHP0ZEPtkv0sZh4YxjIasaOx0TNOJQmNi2f_Pk/s400/boyfriends+-+blood+and+thunder+1931.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>BLOOD AND THUNDER (1931), a </i>"<i>Boy Friends</i>"<i> short</i></span></td></tr>
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In 1931 Mary was on loan to RKO for ARE THESE OUR CHILDREN? The pre-Code debauchery depicted in this lurid feature prevented it from being exhibited after 1934.<br />
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Mary and Mickey returned to the Our Gang set to appear in FISH HOOKY (released January 28, 1933) as a teacher and truant officer, respectively. Joe Cobb and Farina also appeared.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhETQkD-J8Ik5wSFzvKrsWjDQEwnT4WNr7myfwHZxk4Jy5w6OeAbnhJ3NC7elBJkZxyVIeZOdnu8PbWNacBSeBYHDb8w-bQvYGk-fKor_Tehr_piHmBYBAIwLSm7UucK1p_KhidXTZmpMng/s1600/fish+hooky+set.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="609" data-original-width="777" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhETQkD-J8Ik5wSFzvKrsWjDQEwnT4WNr7myfwHZxk4Jy5w6OeAbnhJ3NC7elBJkZxyVIeZOdnu8PbWNacBSeBYHDb8w-bQvYGk-fKor_Tehr_piHmBYBAIwLSm7UucK1p_KhidXTZmpMng/s400/fish+hooky+set.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mickey, Mary, Bob McGowan, Joe and Farina on the set of FISH HOOKY (1933), with the latest Our Gang troupe</i></span></td></tr>
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On July 18, 1936 Hal Roach celebrated the 15th anniversary of Our Gang's inception, with an event emceed by Fern Carter. Mary, Mickey, Farina, Joe, Johnny Downs, and later members of the Gang attended. Mrs Carter had been schooling generations of Our Gang kids since 1922, and would continued to do so until the end of the series in 1944, even after Roach sold the rights to MGM in 1938 and had nothing more to do with Our Gang.<br />
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Mary, Mickey and Joe appeared one last time together in the Our Gang short, REUNION IN RHYTHM (released January 9, 1937). Their roles were small, and only Mickey had a speaking part. By this time the Our Gang shorts had been scaled back to one reel.<br />
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The highlight of Mary's talkie career may have been her work with Bing Crosby at Paramount, first in a supporting role in COLLEGE HUMOR (1933), and a co-starring role in a couple of 2-reelers, PLEASE (released December of 1933) and JUST AN ECHO (released January 1934). She said she was nervous: "I never used to be when I was playing with the Gang. And when I have lines with Bing I have the jitters." COLLEGE HUMOR premiered in Washington, Boston and Cincinnati on June 16, an event preceded by a live half-hour radio broadcast from Hollywood, featuring Bing, Mary and others from the cast, as well as an orchestra.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaJsNppWXDI4EjI3ia7szhUB3qYgu9dgswTlGaiHetfCrJwhwVzIPPkkl1qT0JezsemfV1HTC9hvfq2LKeasdzBGcWQFjI7h_k_o9W-RN1QVk6eUEsMPkNprWVwLfdCDCJ4cRQ53ngBaIb/s1600/mary+kornman+and+bing+crosby+-+please+1933.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="825" data-original-width="1020" height="322" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaJsNppWXDI4EjI3ia7szhUB3qYgu9dgswTlGaiHetfCrJwhwVzIPPkkl1qT0JezsemfV1HTC9hvfq2LKeasdzBGcWQFjI7h_k_o9W-RN1QVk6eUEsMPkNprWVwLfdCDCJ4cRQ53ngBaIb/s400/mary+kornman+and+bing+crosby+-+please+1933.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Bing wins Mary's forgiveness by singing his 1932 hit, </i>"<i>Please</i>"<i>, in the 1933 two-reeler of the same name</i></span></td></tr>
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Mary and cameraman Leo Tover, whom she'd met on the set of COLLEGE HUMOR, eloped to Yuma, Arizona and married on March 15, 1934. She was 18 and he was 31. They moved into a small apartment not far from where Mary had been living with her mother, sister and stepfather. She thought being married would help her career: "My greatest difficulty so far has been trying to convince casting directors that I am grown up."<br />
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Her ploy didn't work. The rest of Mary's acting career, which ended in 1940, was underwhelming. Her biggest roles were for poverty row studios, such as the 12-chapter serial, QUEEN OF THE JUNGLE (1935, Screen Attractions), and THE DESERT TRAIL (1935, Monogram), in which she co-starred with John Wayne, who was grinding out low-budget programmers until John Ford's STAGECOACH (1939) made him a star.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7kIiA1Z_qMurQ9RHIxJ5GaZ19YBdOmrRBiGF56m5QivPE2MSb7g7vv5c1hJbRqQO_FnS5PLpJhccjdBh-yBld0ya_APzD8EfiTkw5J1y0rLAJtey8VK7N86f78TOx892rNZspPksFwBdH/s1600/queen+of+the+jungle+one+sheet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1014" data-original-width="680" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7kIiA1Z_qMurQ9RHIxJ5GaZ19YBdOmrRBiGF56m5QivPE2MSb7g7vv5c1hJbRqQO_FnS5PLpJhccjdBh-yBld0ya_APzD8EfiTkw5J1y0rLAJtey8VK7N86f78TOx892rNZspPksFwBdH/s400/queen+of+the+jungle+one+sheet.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>QUEEN OF THE JUNGLE (1935) one-sheet; an edited feature version, tentatively titled </i>"<i>White Jungle Goddess</i>"<i>, was planned for release concurrently with the serial</i><i>, but this did not come to pass</i></span></td></tr>
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Mary and Leo Tover divorced October 7, 1938, and Mary moved back in with her mother, sister and stepfather.<br />
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Mildred's stint with the Gang had barely lasted two years. She began a modelling career in her late teens, under the name "Ricki Van Dusen". To what extent Gene Kornman kept in contact with his daughter and stepdaughter is hard to say. In September of 1944 he was taking photos of girls at the Diamond Horseshoe club in Manhattan (probably for the 1945 film, DIAMOND HORSESHOE), when one of them said, "Don't you know me?" He didn't recognise her. It was Mildred.<br />
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Mary married again on May 6, 1940, to 37-year-old Ralph McCutcheon, a rancher from Colorado. Mary had taken a liking to horses while filming THE DESERT TRAIL in 1935 and eventually bought one, and hired Ralph to teach her to ride. Ralph was a horse-trainer whose animals appeared in movies and television. Most famously, his horse, "Beaut", was "Black Beauty" in the 1946 movie, and "Fury" in the long-running television series. They took their vows at the McCutcheon family home in Greeley, Colorado. Mary retired from acting in 1940, and she and Ralph lived on the ranch in California. Mary died from cancer June 1, 1973, and Ralph followed her two years later. They're buried together in Greeley.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBDOdk9QSXZb3BCHt6iZQjB5Re3CUB52mLxZF87s7lQN6DBzUAS7lXhE6YBbiKtg_AumnvgG_gEsEyFwNlZ_ljJVfP42iL2xayYZmHUP-xmaAO9sH0zoHjO5UGgjLQ1HJ95HBfqOjSl0RW/s1600/tv+guide+our+gang+reunion+1955.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1273" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBDOdk9QSXZb3BCHt6iZQjB5Re3CUB52mLxZF87s7lQN6DBzUAS7lXhE6YBbiKtg_AumnvgG_gEsEyFwNlZ_ljJVfP42iL2xayYZmHUP-xmaAO9sH0zoHjO5UGgjLQ1HJ95HBfqOjSl0RW/s400/tv+guide+our+gang+reunion+1955.jpg" width="317" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary, photographed for an </i>"<i>Our Gang</i>"<i> article in the May 14, 1955 issue of TV Guide; also on hand were Joe Cobb, Jackie Condon, and members of the Gang from the sound era: Carl </i>"<i>Alfalfa</i>"<i> Switzer, Mary Ann Jackson, Darla Hood and Tommy </i>"<i>Butch</i>"<i> Bond</i></span></td></tr>
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In 1955 the sound era Our Gang shorts were repackaged and syndicated to television as "The Little Rascals". A few years earlier, Hal Roach had sold the rights to the first 90 Our Gang talkies to Interstate Television Corporation, a subsidiary of Monogram Pictures, for $27,000.<br />
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Mickey Daniels died in 1970 at the age of 55; Jackie Condon in 1977, at the age of 59; Allen "Farina" Hoskins in 1980, aged 59; Ernest "Sunshine Sammy" Morrison in 1989, aged 76; Jack Davis in 1992, aged 78; and Joe Cobb in 2002, aged 86.<br />
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As for Hal Roach, he died in 1992 (one day before Jack Davis) at the age of 100! He outlived most of the original Gang.<br />
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<i>(As of this writing, Mildred Kornman and the aforementioned Baby Peggy are still alive and kickin</i>'<i>. Mildred is 93 and Baby Peggy is 100!)</i>Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-63123075885119254422018-04-04T15:14:00.001-04:002019-07-16T09:43:51.775-04:00Kay Aldridge, Queen of the Serials<br />
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<b>Nyoka Gordon</b> -- a scholarly adventurer in the grand tradition of Sir Richard Francis Burton and T. E. Lawrence. This bold, two-fisted archaeologist displayed an uncanny ability for extricating herself from certain doom. Her saga is fraught with sensational tales, but perhaps her most incredible exploit was the war with <b>Vultura</b>, as each sought to secure the <i>Golden Tablets of Hippocrates</i>, perhaps the greatest treasure the world has ever known.<br />
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Movie serials began to appear early in the 20th century, doubtlessly drawing inspiration from the lurid stories found in pulp magazines of the day, and Nyoka was no exception. Her source material was ostensibly Edgar Rice Burroughs' novel, JUNGLE GIRL (1932), which originally ran in the May to September 1931 issues of the BLUE BOOK MAGAZINE under the title "The Land of Hidden Men".<br />
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Edison's WHAT HAPPENED TO MARY (1912), starring Mary Fuller, was one of the earliest serials, if not the first, and one of many to feature a heroine who finds herself in deadly predicaments in every reel. The lengthy PERILS OF PAULINE (1914), starring Pearl White, was one of the most influential. The list is too numerous to mention here, but women dominated the form during the 1910s. Pearl White alone made nine serials in that decade, and did most of her own stunts.<br />
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Republic Pictures, arguably the best producer of the sound era movie serials, purchased the rights to a filmed version of the story. What they were really after was the right to use the author's name to entice theatre goers, as Burroughs' most famous creation, Tarzan, was being successfully adapted by MGM (and, later, RKO), with Johnny Weissmuller playing the role of the ape man. From 1918 to 1929, four silent Tarzan feature-length movies and four serials were released. TARZAN THE APE MAN (1932), Weissmuller's acting debut, was the first of the talkies.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvj9p-oBQhpG4o1h0W6V8a66u-UbwvCWeClPexlUjoUOqisiHAUwlvCm36aRLKqRJYiN_jR4UdhhXpb1u0EmtbkT9QRyxpPqw3wmuvdD4zMjgJyElkZ83-2QpP0nduirMtGY9pq3sGfdgz/s1600/jungle+girl+chapter+1+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1074" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvj9p-oBQhpG4o1h0W6V8a66u-UbwvCWeClPexlUjoUOqisiHAUwlvCm36aRLKqRJYiN_jR4UdhhXpb1u0EmtbkT9QRyxpPqw3wmuvdD4zMjgJyElkZ83-2QpP0nduirMtGY9pq3sGfdgz/s400/jungle+girl+chapter+1+b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Right about now Nyoka Meredith is starting to appreciate the more tedious aspects of being an archaeologist, like brushing dirt off of pottery fragments.</span></td></tr>
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Republic's JUNGLE GIRL was released in 1941, and starred Frances Gifford as Nyoka Meredith, but the serial had nothing to do with Burroughs' story, other than appropriating the title of the book. In fact, Nyoka was entirely Republic's own creation. The chapter play was successful enough to warrant a sequel, but Republic avoided having to pay Burroughs by dissociating the new serial from the previous one. Thus, PERILS OF NYOKA (1942) was anything <i>but</i> a sequel.<br />
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This new cliffhanger starred Kay Aldridge as Nyoka, whose surname was changed to "Gordon". Aldridge was a second-tier actress who (to her credit) was never able to shake her country bumpkin roots during her brief tenure in Hollywood.<br />
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Kay was born Katharine Gratten Aldridge, July 9, 1917 in Tallahassee, Florida. Her mother, Cornelia Aldridge (nee Ward), had earlier dabbled in verse, but her efforts were scant and appeared in periodicals such as ST NICHOLAS MAGAZINE, which paid little, if anything, to the amateur submissions of its young readers. Kay's father, John Aldridge, a surveyor, died October 23, 1920 when she was three, leaving a widowed Cornelia with five children to take care of. It was more than Cornelia could manage, so she returned to the Ward family home, a large wooden house known as "Bladensfield".<br />
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Bladensfield was located near Lyells, an unincorporated community in Richmond County, Virginia. The home was built for the original owner, John Jenkins, around 1690, on his 1,000 acre plantation, then known as Billingsgate. It came into the possession of Robert Carter, who assigned it to his grandson, also named Robert, in 1733, and it was renamed Bladensfield in 1847, presumably by his wife, Frances, whose mother's maiden name was Bladen. In 1790 Carter gave the home to his daughter, Ann, and her husband, John Peck. Their daughter, Harriet, sold it to Reverend William Norvell Ward in 1842, and it stayed in the Ward family for well over a century.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6bbAIvSt_9D6G6Lj4eDmpavvMLd8_zi1vbEktApeBDbEAbTlEdH_XB6SXe_6WdHaPxOoBx-KMoNRnsm9DsXktaMCw99fWsEMO9LI38mevKHXCjINsV0LxTv2e73vmDwlA93uQ2Q_fJofl/s1600/kay+aldridge+1930+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="688" data-original-width="343" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6bbAIvSt_9D6G6Lj4eDmpavvMLd8_zi1vbEktApeBDbEAbTlEdH_XB6SXe_6WdHaPxOoBx-KMoNRnsm9DsXktaMCw99fWsEMO9LI38mevKHXCjINsV0LxTv2e73vmDwlA93uQ2Q_fJofl/s400/kay+aldridge+1930+b.jpg" width="198" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kay at 13, in 1930. She scrawled "SNOBISH" (sic) on it, and on the back wrote, "Please don't show this to anybody."</span> </td></tr>
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When Cornelia and the children arrived the property was now reduced to 575 acres, some of which held long-forgotten graves, and Bladensfield was a dilapidated manor perched on a brick basement, with most of the original structure intact, including a back door secured by the same heavy timber bar used in the 1690s for fear of marauding Indians. In the hallway, a colonial lamp depended from the ceiling. Outside were the original clapboards, still unpainted.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bladensfield, 1932 -- a fixer-upper. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, and burned down in 1996.</span></td></tr>
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The neglected home was in the care of Cornelia's three maiden aunts, all school teachers. Kay wore hand-me-downs from family and friends, and did her fair share of chores alongside the help. She supplemented the family income with her first job: "I dug up buttercups at five cents an hour. And don't think that that money didn't come in handy." She recalled her time at Bladensfield pleasantly: "My childhood, while impoverished, was very, very good and I enjoyed it." One of her favourite memories was "sitting around a watermelon patch" with her mother and three aunts.<br />
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Kay was later sent to Newport News for three years, where she stayed with relatives and attended Stonewall Jackson School from Grades 5 to 7. Her lifelong friend, Elsie Duval, remembered that when Kay arrived she had a fashionable bob and very little in her wardrobe. She was also the class clown and a trickster, whom the children nicknamed "The Village Halfwit", eventually shortened to "Village", though she took it in stride.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">St Mary's Seminary basketball team, 1932. Conspicuously pretty, 15-year-old Kay is centre row, far right.</span></td></tr>
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In 1930 Kay stayed with relatives in Westminster, Maryland, where she attended high school for one year, and in 1931 was sent away to St Mary's Female Seminary in St Mary's City, at the time accessible only by steamboat travelling down the Chesapeake Bay. She played on the basketball team and was a member of the Delta Phi Epsilon sorority. She also acted in a play titled "Sound Your Horn", performed at the school on January 21, 1933. She was voted prettiest girl in class, but was also voted "the biggest nuisance". In 1934 she was chosen as the school's apple blossom princess, representing St Mary's at the annual Apple Blossom fair held in Winchester, Virginia. Kay graduated that year, which was also the tercentenary of St Mary's City, and during the grand graduation ceremony gave a monumental speech to mark the occasion.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sorority, 1932. A rather austere-looking group. Kay is standing 2nd from left.</span></td></tr>
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She found a job at the Federal Land Bank in Baltimore working as a stenographer. "I remained with the bank for nine months, getting my $15.50 each week and sending most of it back to Bladensfield, where it was used for repairs and upkeep."<br />
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While horseback riding Kay was thrown when the feisty animal suddenly bucked. She woke up in the hospital with a broken hip. (A "lucky break", as one journalist later put it). "One of the papers sent over a photographer for a picture and after it appeared in print I began to receive letters and phone calls suggesting that when I got well I become an advertising model. I said I'd think about it..." <br />
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Still in pigtails and wearing a gingham dress, 18-year-old Kay, with $6 in her pocket, applied for a job at the famed John Powers modelling agency in New York City in 1935. She was hired on the spot -- but there was a catch: she had to cut off her pigtails. Kay was in a quandary, being rather fond of her long braids. "Well, I couldn't and before I agreed to cut my hair I made Mr Powers promise that if I failed to make good as a model he would find a job for me as a secretary." She stayed with Powers for 2 years, earning up to $300 a week.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1936 ad</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Don't forget to remove the price tag! Kay, at Saks Fifth Avenue, Palm Beach, 1938</span></td></tr>
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The other girls nicknamed Kay "Woodsy" because she preferred being photographed as an outdoors girl. However, her effortless beauty and unsophisticated charm soon gave way to the exigencies of cosmopolitan advertising. Kay must have been dazzled by her sudden popularity, as she became one of the ten most photographed models in New York. The mundane catalogue work quickly led to covers for popular magazines, such as LIFE, LOOK, LADIES' HOME JOURNAL, and REDBOOK. She also posed for illustrators, earning as much as $100 a sitting, far above the going rate of $5 to $25.<br />
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Kay appeared on the cover of LIFE three times. The contents page for the September 5, 1938 issue (her first cover) mentioned that her ambition was "to be a female Noel Coward, i.e. write and act in her own plays. She has written several, but so far none have been produced."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kay's first cover for LIFE.</span></td></tr>
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Kay's humorous response was printed two weeks later, in the September 26, 1938 letters page:<br />
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"Sirs: Inasmuch as you chose to describe me as a 'demure brunette...[whose] ambition is to be a female Noel Coward,' I feel in duty bound to submit to you an outline of the following play:<br />
<br />
Act I: LIFE puts Katharine Aldridge on its cover.<br />
<br />
Act II: Things begin to happen. She receives: a) four telegrams from four motion-picture companies asking her to call on their New York representatives; b) a dozen or so letters from various New York cleaners assuring her that 'no cleaner is too good' to do justice to the dress she wore on the cover of LIFE; c) assorted invitations including one from a West Point cadet to attend the Army-Notre Dame football game; d) 25 proposals of marriage including one from a man who states by way of recommendation that he 'loves vegetables, hates meat and cannot abide the Republican Party.'<br />
<br />
Act III: Katharine Aldridge undergoes a screen test and hopes for the best."<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Kay's oval face was perfect, "considered ideal by editors of women's magazines." Her measurements in 1937 were listed as "Height, 5 feet 7 1/2 inches; weight, 120; dress size, 12 to 14; bust, 32; waist, 23; hips, 35", her hair described as light brown, her eyes grey-blue.<br />
<br />
Hollywood talent scouts took notice, and producer Walter Wanger, who often plundered the John Powers agency for potential talent, cast Kay in the 1937 United Artists film, VOGUES OF 1938, though her role turned out to be an uncredited bit part as a model. She was paid $200 a week, plus expenses.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKoZih_uQ8STWGeCF42KJgO2Ku87UQOrjCRQ5_XT_KVmSXfGlzjpnxBAVK7dsO5G6tQhRFouQAGPiLZLh7GZJxx2hGiPXU6dBl5lJSkVfCgbrZ-TfJ0cniL1P0zIOZS_pFllhfdnDyZaO3/s1600/elsa+maxwell%2527s+hotel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="900" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKoZih_uQ8STWGeCF42KJgO2Ku87UQOrjCRQ5_XT_KVmSXfGlzjpnxBAVK7dsO5G6tQhRFouQAGPiLZLh7GZJxx2hGiPXU6dBl5lJSkVfCgbrZ-TfJ0cniL1P0zIOZS_pFllhfdnDyZaO3/s400/elsa+maxwell%2527s+hotel.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kay Aldridge (left) in her first film for Fox, HOTEL FOR WOMEN (1939).</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
The following year Kay and Georgia Carroll, a fellow model who proved to be another lifelong friend, went to Hawaii and on their return made a stopover in Los Angeles, where they were offered movie contracts. Georgia's Hollywood career consisted of a long string of uncredited roles, though she eventually enjoyed brief success in the mid-1940s as vocalist in Kay Kyser's band. Kay <i>Aldridge</i>, however, had better luck, signing a contract with 20th Century Fox. Never a star, she was relegated to supporting roles, starting with HOTEL FOR WOMEN (1939), until her final film with Fox, DEAD MEN TELL (1941), part of the Charlie Chan series, with Sidney Toler as the Chinese detective. <br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitCshjBRFKpuZUIlrShiRIVzwvzlYpFplu5C3TIWeAgHKyGYRRIlH3dGHM-u-oUOU1wuLnnM6vayItQ63bqldRBRxE3ThjngjJTrYc1U-A7FQ_n3DZWd4AVrTSINni9WP5Tzw9PostlRw9/s1600/click+march+1940+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1291" data-original-width="1000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitCshjBRFKpuZUIlrShiRIVzwvzlYpFplu5C3TIWeAgHKyGYRRIlH3dGHM-u-oUOU1wuLnnM6vayItQ63bqldRBRxE3ThjngjJTrYc1U-A7FQ_n3DZWd4AVrTSINni9WP5Tzw9PostlRw9/s400/click+march+1940+b.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CLICK, March 1940</span></td></tr>
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<br />
When interviewed Kay often expressed her motivation behind modelling and acting: "One of these days I want to return to Virginia and become the lady of the manor. That has been my dream for years." She was hoping to return to the homestead with enough money for much-needed repairs, but her immediate concern was to install a bathtub and modern plumbing, "then other modern facilities like electricity, if I have enough money."<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqxZp0vXo2cDSwLB_Ai1Kj8YQa-pmPFE53dFSgaABGPRRo691v3aAEIHNY35SZSn9GHwQBgDqMKVO5qF_WfB6rLf6BVoTslTPFsSsByONDmf5bKKgshugehASOuccu_HS6e2_gSOkcTwA0/s1600/kay+1938+catalina.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="620" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqxZp0vXo2cDSwLB_Ai1Kj8YQa-pmPFE53dFSgaABGPRRo691v3aAEIHNY35SZSn9GHwQBgDqMKVO5qF_WfB6rLf6BVoTslTPFsSsByONDmf5bKKgshugehASOuccu_HS6e2_gSOkcTwA0/s400/kay+1938+catalina.jpg" width="322" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sailing, 1938</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
In 1940 a columnist remarked that it was a pity that a "girl as glamorous as Kay Aldridge should be seen in swanky night clubs wearing cotton clothes." Kay responded to the insult: "In the first place, I don't like night clubs and visit them very rarely and then only on the spur of the moment. And in the second place nobody is going to tell me what I should or should not wear. And in the third place we raise cotton on our plantation and so why can't I wear it on my back?"<br />
<br />
Later that year Kay's mother, Cornelia, visited her in Hollywood at her "very modest" apartment, where Kay did her own housework. "She'll be happy to find that I haven't changed a bit since the five of us sat around the watermelon patch." They had their first Thanksgiving together in years.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQLYET21WrUrNlU2sfjROCJB07WbiIz4_5O5QOjG1I1_Fxj3wuxYYdzMCq3ONa9mCMn8aBIHv6rrwysDQMjWsIDcnaOseiAZ5bsVLDZ50zceCya1m12YeFu8N_3c3E_cmB2s1lIw_w4gVf/s1600/perils+of+nyoka+poster+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1188" data-original-width="1200" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQLYET21WrUrNlU2sfjROCJB07WbiIz4_5O5QOjG1I1_Fxj3wuxYYdzMCq3ONa9mCMn8aBIHv6rrwysDQMjWsIDcnaOseiAZ5bsVLDZ50zceCya1m12YeFu8N_3c3E_cmB2s1lIw_w4gVf/s400/perils+of+nyoka+poster+b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nyoka wears salaciously shredded shorts, while a gorilla drools over her, in this 1942 poster. The outfit Kay Aldridge wore in the serial was of much more durable material.</span> </td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
Kay's contract with Fox expired and wasn't renewed. Warner Brothers promised big things for her, none of which materialised. The farm girl's luck had seemingly run out. Then, early in 1942, Republic Pictures tested 200 girls for their upcoming serial, PERILS OF NYOKA. For half a year trade publications had reported that Frances Gifford would be returning to the role, and there are conflicting accounts as to why she was replaced, such as other commitments, but most likely Republic wanted to avoid any trouble with Burroughs by hiring a different actress, to further avoid any association with the previous Nyoka serial.<br />
<br />
The part went to Kay. Initially she had misgivings about the project, which seemed a step down after working at a major studio: "It was a comedown in one way, but it was a comeup in another way because I was the lead. They paid me about $650 a week, which was pretty good money at the time."<br />
<br />
A cruel joke was perpetrated on Kay, when she was told that she would have to learn a jungle yell, ala Tarzan, for her role as Nyoka. After she'd "practiced a jungle yell long, loudly and laboriously, they tipped her that it was just a gag -- wasn't needed in the picture at all."<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzZVfL0SD3RDVAemNJSlgScnvR6YJFJ0FW4jH81C7mUGaysW2nRDeyOkRwMHMAiINYZ2lDGSxbA5plUO1goH4urEcBaIyA7Z2gLZxSf3102uoFat00laSJRaZXzozJaTPLz7zjM9mcgrnD/s1600/perils+of+nyoka+chapter+1+c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1016" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzZVfL0SD3RDVAemNJSlgScnvR6YJFJ0FW4jH81C7mUGaysW2nRDeyOkRwMHMAiINYZ2lDGSxbA5plUO1goH4urEcBaIyA7Z2gLZxSf3102uoFat00laSJRaZXzozJaTPLz7zjM9mcgrnD/s400/perils+of+nyoka+chapter+1+c.jpg" width="253" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Movie poster, 1942. Unfortunately, none of the poster artists ever did Kay justice. Here she looks more like Ann B. Davis!</span></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
The new Nyoka lost some sex appeal. Though pretty, Kay wasn't as gorgeous as Frances Gifford, and gone was her predecessor's miniskirt, replaced by a pair of Bermuda shorts.<br />
<br />
William Witney, who co-directed JUNGLE GIRL with John English, returned as sole director of PERILS OF NYOKA. Witney, who directed almost two dozen serials for Republic between 1937 and 1946, specialised in filming stunts and outdoor action scenes, as well as choreographing fights. He left the quieter moments to English, his frequent collaborator. Serials often had two directors, explained Witney, "so you could shoot one day, and then plan the next day." Also returning were 5 of the 6 writers from JUNGLE GIRL.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZtC9rGaYaYg2qS7QBaREnvoNPX08aXr2T2_Cl6zGE8e88BTEffgOV8MqClb0J0IMkYmfKLhxODOlOlM4-mDYvKoQbShsJAwEzbNd1Ch9K36iKenaWOT2a7Lm1qvdT0pWll-cKvDwbG6Ye/s1600/nyoka+lobby+card+3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1261" data-original-width="1600" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZtC9rGaYaYg2qS7QBaREnvoNPX08aXr2T2_Cl6zGE8e88BTEffgOV8MqClb0J0IMkYmfKLhxODOlOlM4-mDYvKoQbShsJAwEzbNd1Ch9K36iKenaWOT2a7Lm1qvdT0pWll-cKvDwbG6Ye/s400/nyoka+lobby+card+3.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lobby card, with Kay Aldridge (Nyoka) and Clayton Moore (Larry)</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
It was a gruelling schedule. According to Witney, "We'd start shooting as soon as the sun came up and shoot till after the sun went down, and we did it for six days a week." Lorna Gray, who played Vultura, said there would be phone calls at 3 a.m.: "When were we to sleep? Nyoka and Queen Vultura decided to take motel rooms across from the studio!"<br />
<br />
For the sake of economy, scenes were shot out of sequence. Kay recalled, "They'd do everything in the Cave of the Evil Bird one day, and the next day you're in bubbling oil actually before you've been thrown in." Reshoots were rare, said Kay: "You can have delivered your line very badly, but they won’t reshoot it unless the horse happens to simultaneously make a social error. That’s about the only reason for a retake on a serial."<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyTgr6bf4BV8FmwbX9KIK-sVd0NdokA6BNLHmlsrOHxCCp6SPzMWdEzooZvzgIXhzr-msdnNuuvuhOtIpJWTcDDhrpOc2Qmp0bZfaBj8quFm8la-Fkt7sX0J6X3pXsen28t0ahbg9ljdU4/s1600/nyoka+and+larry.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="791" data-original-width="1050" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyTgr6bf4BV8FmwbX9KIK-sVd0NdokA6BNLHmlsrOHxCCp6SPzMWdEzooZvzgIXhzr-msdnNuuvuhOtIpJWTcDDhrpOc2Qmp0bZfaBj8quFm8la-Fkt7sX0J6X3pXsen28t0ahbg9ljdU4/s400/nyoka+and+larry.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nyoka and Larry doing what they do best: killing the bad guys.</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
It didn't take long for Kay to get injured on the job: "I knew how to ride, but they put me on a horse that was much too wild for me. The first day on PERILS OF NYOKA, the horse reared up and threw me over his head toward the sound truck...I got kinda bruised and everything, so after that they brought Davey Sharpe in for some of those moments I wasn’t quite equal to."<br />
<br />
It's clear from watching the serial that Kay was comfortable racing around on a horse, but the more dangerous stunts were handled by Helen Thurston and Babe DeFreest, as well as the aforementioned David Sharpe, who wore a wig. Kay hoped the audience wouldn't mistake his muscular legs for hers! Still, Witney said Kay took her lumps: "She bore the bumps, bruises, skinned knees and elbows that go with being a serial leading lady without a complaint."<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHvNbChdvp2rR8dedG6sXA9FnCXfXWkmV2HtZ377uTyE9jscY3kMdtIckr7BuD3EFQvGjWi_e_IrJTIw9KL8pdZzC9jl-KiPhy0DNrWU-E05EPGYfqvEyoer-RJFB7ooAv-OogoWIA2-Qg/s1600/nyoka+and+the+tigermen%252C+episode+10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1226" data-original-width="1542" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHvNbChdvp2rR8dedG6sXA9FnCXfXWkmV2HtZ377uTyE9jscY3kMdtIckr7BuD3EFQvGjWi_e_IrJTIw9KL8pdZzC9jl-KiPhy0DNrWU-E05EPGYfqvEyoer-RJFB7ooAv-OogoWIA2-Qg/s400/nyoka+and+the+tigermen%252C+episode+10.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">That swine Torrini gets the drop on Larry and Nyoka. (A still from the 1952 re-release, NYOKA AND THE TIGERMEN.)</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
Each chapter opens with an ancient parchment bearing the title, pinned to the desert sands with a decorative dagger casting a long shadow. The first chapter, "Desert Intrigue", opens in the fictitious town of <i>Wadi Bartha</i>, located somewhere in north Africa. (This rather lush desert was actually the Iverson Movie Ranch, where many westerns were filmed.) We meet Torrini (Tristram Coffin, misspelled "Tristam" in the trailer), a "friend of Vultura's", but posing as a guide sent to lead Professor Douglas Campbell (Forbes Murray) and his expedition, in search of the Golden Tablets of Hippocrates, said to be hidden with "other treasures of great value." Being that the tablets are made of gold, their intrinsic value is obvious, but they also contain priceless "medical secrets", including the cure for a "dread disease", presumably cancer. Rounding out the archaeological team is Dr Larry Grayson (Clayton Moore, later of <i>Lone Ranger</i> fame) and Red Davis (former <i>Bowery Boy</i> William Benedict, providing some comic relief).<br />
<br />
The location of the Tablets is inscribed on papyrus in the ancient Assyrian language, and the only one able to decipher the text is Professor Henry Gordon (Robert Strange) -- except that he's been missing for some time, and feared dead. His daughter, Nyoka, however, has not given up hope of finding him alive. Having been "thoroughly schooled" by her father, there's a chance Nyoka may be able to translate the inscription, and she is sent for. Torrini surreptitiously sends a message to Vultura by hawk.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjewcFJSbgV7NGOUSiw03xeDtrD5wxpT-zoZvNYo9v3Szt4OUchv0wlor_rbIvUAOzs6DZk468nYpJt3Uedyf9pX9-f6kDuv0sNWuf1pcRIwoBzIVJCfSXJUy6rikG-LTgfTVr2Z7nKZkFj/s1600/vultura+and+nyoka.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="847" data-original-width="1118" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjewcFJSbgV7NGOUSiw03xeDtrD5wxpT-zoZvNYo9v3Szt4OUchv0wlor_rbIvUAOzs6DZk468nYpJt3Uedyf9pX9-f6kDuv0sNWuf1pcRIwoBzIVJCfSXJUy6rikG-LTgfTVr2Z7nKZkFj/s400/vultura+and+nyoka.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vultura invents an instant translating device.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
Queen Vultura and her Tuareg followers reside in a temple built into surrounding rock and caves, though the pillars, furniture and exotic interior decoration of her throne room almost belie the fact. The leggy beauty also wears a cape, and rides around in a chariot with her bodyguard, a gorilla named <i>Satan</i>, who "can crush a dozen men!"<br />
<br />
Of course, Vultura is also seeking the treasure, and attacks Nyoka and her Bedouin allies. Nyoka gallops into camp, accompanied by her German Shepherd, <i>Fang</i>, but decides not to join the skirmish just yet, as she notices Vultura sneaking into her personal dwelling, a cave. Nyoka rushes in and tackles Vultura, while Fang and Satan fight tooth and nail. Fang defeated, Satan rescues Vultura, who has her men confine Nyoka. With the exception of one Major Reynolds, none of the Campbell expedition has ever actually <i>met</i> Nyoka. Vultura rides into Wadi Bartha posing as Nyoka, and kills Reynolds with a poisoned needle hidden in her ring. She absconds with the valued papyrus, leaving Torrini to continue his undercover work.<br />
<br />
In the meantime, Nyoka escapes her captors, thanks to Fang untying her bonds. She meets up with sword-wielding hero Larry Grayson, and the two infiltrate Vultura's compound, only to be apparently crushed under tons of stone when Satan tears down some pillars. To be continued next week in "Death's Chariot"!<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2szm6hRlBviEnChu9NTZOVmTO_VHPlv80r5QPwqz-lAfFCiMHlgMIlxrZMB_OrM99FzVxNpBL8LYLDL-t2DLF1a2XouKJEjGPpBpRzMrmSWS7b9ca84ZdNE3m3cBP8j5N5fhS_iQiqlbW/s1600/nyoka+and+campbell+expedition.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="787" data-original-width="1050" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2szm6hRlBviEnChu9NTZOVmTO_VHPlv80r5QPwqz-lAfFCiMHlgMIlxrZMB_OrM99FzVxNpBL8LYLDL-t2DLF1a2XouKJEjGPpBpRzMrmSWS7b9ca84ZdNE3m3cBP8j5N5fhS_iQiqlbW/s400/nyoka+and+campbell+expedition.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The gang's all here: Forbes Murray, George Pembroke, Robert Strange, Kay Aldridge, Clayton Moore, Billy Benedict.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
The rest of the episodes have Nyoka and Vultura attempting to kill each other in their desperate race to locate the tablets. Nyoka finds her amnesiac father, who had somehow become the chieftain of a sun-worshipping cult of cave-dwelling Tuaregs. Henry Gordon's memory is restored, and he reveals that the tablets are hidden in the <i>Tomb of the Moon God</i>. When they get there, they discover that the tablets have been moved to the <i>Cave of Winds</i>.<br />
<br />
Every episode is action-packed, and fraught with danger, deadly traps and torture devices, all enhanced by an exciting musical score composed by Mort Glickman. Cliffhanger endings have Nyoka falling into a flaming pit of molten lava (on two separate occasions); going over a cliff in a chariot; trapped on a platform rising up towards a ceiling of spikes; jumping from a cliff to avoid the clutches of Satan; buried in an avalanche of rocks; burning at the stake; veering off a cliff in a speeding car; unconscious atop an altar that rises towards the enormous crescent-shaped blade at the end of a swinging pendulum; blown out of a cave by tornado-like winds and sent hurtling from a cliff (yet again); trampled by horses; and plummeting into a raging inferno. Kay had only one regret: "I was never tied up on a railroad track."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGP78DAoW9qi5Avf7d4lHxmIdeQk8il5BNo9_9U1n5oU1nNbQ4wDFObitE1_2zu7Ch7FQ_dF6nTNTteIpBgizHbAV6PIysZW111-suuOFqxun7KthtP0frCl4iv4RbiMbfs8DsPAGXpK9D/s1600/perils+of+nyoka+chapter+15+c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1051" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGP78DAoW9qi5Avf7d4lHxmIdeQk8il5BNo9_9U1n5oU1nNbQ4wDFObitE1_2zu7Ch7FQ_dF6nTNTteIpBgizHbAV6PIysZW111-suuOFqxun7KthtP0frCl4iv4RbiMbfs8DsPAGXpK9D/s400/perils+of+nyoka+chapter+15+c.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The posters were all the same, except for the scenes shown in the top left corner.</span></td></tr>
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The story concludes with Chapter 15, "Satan's Fury". By this time Vultura possesses the tablets, which read, in part, "<i>In the <b>Shrine of the Evil Birds</b>, where sacrifice was made to the ancient gods, there repose great riches, and let him who possesses the <b>Tablets of Hippocrates</b> use them wisely.</i>" One of Vultura's henchmen informs her that the altar in the throne room had long ago been replaced by her father, who had conquered the desert before she was born, and that the original altar was known in antiquity as the <i>Shrine of Evil Birds</i>. The treasure, alas, was beneath Vultura's feet!<br />
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Nyoka and her mob attack Vultura's compound. She steals into the throne room, in time to stop Vultura from making off with the treasure. In the climax, the two clash once more, wrestling over a dagger, with Nyoka ultimately pinning her adversary to the floor. Satan snaps free from his chain and fetches a spear, with the intention of killing Nyoka. Fortunately, Nyoka notices and rolls over, using Vultura as a shield, and the murderous gorilla catastrophically drives the weapon into his mistress's back! Poor Satan meant well. Larry arrives in time to put six bullets into the maddened creature, who continues moving towards his punisher. Similar to a scene in Robert E. Howard's 1934 pulp story, "Rogues in the House", in which Conan battles the gorilla, Thak, Nyoka leaps upon Satan's back and plunges her dagger into the monster, ending his reign of brutality once and for all.<br />
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The tablets recovered, the treasure secured, the team plans "to found the greatest chain of cancer clinics that anyone ever dreamed of!"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRzq-DrxToENZG7hSeukIly86kZAFlXq2TYPJv7i8z20DG5NUTFsKcRBCBzMfbZC9I2SfpCu28xnPfSAPfauybnGv4T3HReYMrXQNaWHoah0lKKiGgX9l_Hh3xtrvrZT3yBlo5CVbtWfnU/s1600/nyoka+and+fang.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="781" data-original-width="560" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRzq-DrxToENZG7hSeukIly86kZAFlXq2TYPJv7i8z20DG5NUTFsKcRBCBzMfbZC9I2SfpCu28xnPfSAPfauybnGv4T3HReYMrXQNaWHoah0lKKiGgX9l_Hh3xtrvrZT3yBlo5CVbtWfnU/s400/nyoka+and+fang.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nyoka and Fang. He really, <i>really</i> doesn't like that gorilla.</span></td></tr>
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PERILS OF NYOKA is one of the greatest serials ever made, and Kay Aldridge will always be remembered for it. (PERILS OF NYOKA was the first time she was credited as "Kay" Aldridge; until then she had been credited as "Katharine".) Several decades later she was surprised by the amount of fans that came to see her at festivals and conventions. "And they are reading sociological significance into my performances," said Kay, referring to invitations to speak at colleges about feminism in film. ''Of course, I was blithely unaware that I was a social statement. I was just a hungry actress.'' Kay wrote in her introduction to Bill Feret's LURE OF THE TROPIX (1984), "Yes, it is very delightful and gratifying to be rediscovered, and you can image how proud it makes Grandma Nyoka to hear from her grandchildren...'You sure did fight good.'"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIYXcYfl492b9tmXhMSGRScGepqRxB9UoRcdCb07psfGseRD52CgE1NRknckIuIPfFsVhDQHqYFtS7jP1XDP3L6B-k0PrvuoHF-GYCGI6WF0Pp5yG90QT_KPdoa6tqEdntDoj_i1Bjz_f2/s1600/nyoka+and+the+tigermen%252C+episode+8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1218" data-original-width="1532" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIYXcYfl492b9tmXhMSGRScGepqRxB9UoRcdCb07psfGseRD52CgE1NRknckIuIPfFsVhDQHqYFtS7jP1XDP3L6B-k0PrvuoHF-GYCGI6WF0Pp5yG90QT_KPdoa6tqEdntDoj_i1Bjz_f2/s400/nyoka+and+the+tigermen%252C+episode+8.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nyoka makes Annie Oakley seem like Mr Magoo. (A still from the 1952 re-release, NYOKA AND THE TIGERMEN.)</span></td></tr>
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Hollywood gossip columnist Hedda Hopper predicted that PERILS OF NYOKA, yet to be released, would herald a wave of serials featuring tough heroines: "Kay is a 'suthen gal', Virginia born and bred; but much more important than her undeniable beauty is her ability to take it on the chin and elsewhere! These flowers of the Old South may look as if a breath would blow them away, but underneath their fragile exteriors they're as tough as whipcord, and will tackle their weight in wildcats once their dander's up, as many a man has discovered to his sorrow, after being taken in by that "you-all" stuff! Kay neither drinks nor smokes (nor chews!) but don't let that deceive you. She's as deadly as a rattlesnake... it's my guess we're going to see the dawn of a new era for those legendary ladies of yesterday. So look to your laurels, glamour gals, you may be exchanging your sex appeal for socks appeal, come this time next year!"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyC0yq_bMiXvdPFdwgCXR4bJ99IbIC_nFV3D3HqVqd1X-Zi6e3fGa6XLhdchr3BbEzVBiSd15FPuPWXlF0mXOkzgGREZXPYXIB-Et1QvXITELCMMGIOY2W0ovsDX1Ghmir25fq-Fr2xnMd/s1600/tigermen+poster+1952+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1063" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyC0yq_bMiXvdPFdwgCXR4bJ99IbIC_nFV3D3HqVqd1X-Zi6e3fGa6XLhdchr3BbEzVBiSd15FPuPWXlF0mXOkzgGREZXPYXIB-Et1QvXITELCMMGIOY2W0ovsDX1Ghmir25fq-Fr2xnMd/s400/tigermen+poster+1952+b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Poster for the 1952 re-release.</span></td></tr>
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Kay did two more serials for Republic: DAREDEVILS OF THE WEST (1943), and HAUNTED HARBOR (1944). PERILS OF NYOKA was re-released in 1952 as NYOKA AND THE TIGERMEN, and it's just as well known by that name.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-Rj_1lktRgwx1EHiMmin01Wg0n0lM-hEwKyTsf4t02TgbDlCCKmvuEY7fFcGenDEbvVBij6z8bKNYaQhhkHGM-4EP2UHJ5CMOkRPjcJONTv4F7gv5FJ_B_WJntPiS0JcuDJu41fL5Kt24/s1600/jungle+girl+comic+%25231+1942.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1419" data-original-width="1000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-Rj_1lktRgwx1EHiMmin01Wg0n0lM-hEwKyTsf4t02TgbDlCCKmvuEY7fFcGenDEbvVBij6z8bKNYaQhhkHGM-4EP2UHJ5CMOkRPjcJONTv4F7gv5FJ_B_WJntPiS0JcuDJu41fL5Kt24/s400/jungle+girl+comic+%25231+1942.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fawcett's comic book adaptation, JUNGLE GIRL #1 (1942); Nyoka had this and 76 more adventures you may not have known about.</span></td></tr>
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In 1942 Fawcett Publications released a comic book called JUNGLE GIRL, with a small photo of Kay on the cover. Despite the title, it was actually an adaptation of PERILS OF NYOKA. Originally intended as a one-shot, the series resumed with NYOKA, THE JUNGLE GIRL #2 (Winter 1945) and continued publication until issue #77 (June 1953). Aldridge and Moore appeared on the cover of #25.<br />
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Kay made an uncredited appearance in the MGM musical, DU BARRY WAS A LADY (1943), significant only because of the connection to a Vargas calendar that featured her as Miss April, and which was also published in ESQUIRE.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaxV3y6AlxqGXjTA9zuQCNT0WQaSQqCogae1SkB5sh_0rNkeMxo-K1vzRya96AyCyQtKUiZRWMElt2CTDPh8Vujq-ArvOhy99JqJ3mY9rzc6J2xoUpU8XCXwUxCJeYepn9ATnozJ-T2CCJ/s1600/vargas+calendar+april+1942+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1326" data-original-width="866" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaxV3y6AlxqGXjTA9zuQCNT0WQaSQqCogae1SkB5sh_0rNkeMxo-K1vzRya96AyCyQtKUiZRWMElt2CTDPh8Vujq-ArvOhy99JqJ3mY9rzc6J2xoUpU8XCXwUxCJeYepn9ATnozJ-T2CCJ/s400/vargas+calendar+april+1942+b.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pinup artist Vargas paints Kay; he thought she possessed the perfect profile.</span></td></tr>
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It was during this time, 1942-'43, that Kay supplemented her income by assisting author and philosopher Lewis Browne "in the preparation of a book on the psychology of war." Her duties must have been either transcribing her own shorthand notes, or typing up Browne's longhand. (Possibly for his 1943 novel, SEE WHAT I MEAN?) She also landed a role on stage in producer Vinton Freedley's musical, DANCING IN THE STREETS, which opened in Boston and received "so-so notices". It didn't make it to Broadway.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWjP7B0f7-RxBzybk9jyc8ROd87yZ_RK2obgRFTF5TlFTy7qBrvTN5J5RVQ2PnHnwEYbE5cvGAGBa57xjYudHk7cDCioT2KIYHF4esFV3Vk4lKXhOiJiLGjqCdkhaeEogiXJtx3DgGd_xn/s1600/kay+aldridge+-+stenographer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="578" data-original-width="390" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWjP7B0f7-RxBzybk9jyc8ROd87yZ_RK2obgRFTF5TlFTy7qBrvTN5J5RVQ2PnHnwEYbE5cvGAGBa57xjYudHk7cDCioT2KIYHF4esFV3Vk4lKXhOiJiLGjqCdkhaeEogiXJtx3DgGd_xn/s400/kay+aldridge+-+stenographer.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Don't quit your day job.</span></td></tr>
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Kay made two more movies, THE MAN WHO WALKED ALONE (1945) and THE PHANTOM OF 42ND STREET (1945), both for the poverty row studio, Producers Releasing Corporation; afterwards, she retired from film.<br />
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In February 1945 Kay married oil tycoon Arthur Cameron and the couple had four children. They divorced in 1954. She was married to artist Richard Derby Tucker from 1956 until his death in 1979, and to Harry Nasland, who died in 1988.<br />
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Kay Aldridge died January 12, 1995 at the age of 77. "Kay was a sweet, pretty and thoughtful person. She never met a stranger in her life and the crew loved her," William Witney commented. "She was one hell of a gal. I’m sure there is a place in heaven for a beautiful, gutsy, fun loving, caring person like Kay."<br />
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Her friend Elsie DuVal had last seen her the previous October: "She was still beautiful, spontaneous, and as full of vinegar as when I met her at 9 in Newport News. I remember clearly the childish tricks she played then, and at 77 she was still playing them."<br />
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<br />Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-82594652082820871252017-10-04T12:26:00.001-04:002017-10-06T21:30:36.363-04:00Little Orphan Annie: Big Little Books<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0-QOZa72DjUqJCj852dOzddDYemS_yCHaOvOIZXa_iIpwMkMw3KanplQwz1vLnxF2KdaLOzy3romkIVdUWH8LaLtn3zeEXvLuuNu-zyUSG-sUgTE68X2BKINYw51bLwwSLcdi4w-i1518/s1600/ovaltine+shake-up+game+1934.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="667" data-original-width="1015" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0-QOZa72DjUqJCj852dOzddDYemS_yCHaOvOIZXa_iIpwMkMw3KanplQwz1vLnxF2KdaLOzy3romkIVdUWH8LaLtn3zeEXvLuuNu-zyUSG-sUgTE68X2BKINYw51bLwwSLcdi4w-i1518/s400/ovaltine+shake-up+game+1934.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Try finding a mint copy of a <i>Big Little Book</i> today. Originally released with black and white illustrations every other page, it was an invitation for kids to spill their crayons on the floor and start colouring. Other copies might have pages stuck together with strawberry jam. Copies that weren't subjected to the casual carelessness typical of toddlers never served their purpose: to entertain children. <i>Those</i> copies are wasted on collectors, who would dare not even peek at the wondrous contents, lest the spine should crack.</div>
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Whitman Publishing Company's Big Little Books made their debut in December of 1932 with THE ADVENTURES OF DICK TRACY (who'd made his newspaper strip debut only a year earlier). This was followed by LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE in 1933.</div>
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A total of 18 Little Orphan Annie books were issued between 1933 and 1949. All were based on stories by Harold Gray that appeared in the comic strip. Big Little Books varied slightly in size, but they eventually conformed to a standard format of 3 5/8" x 4 1/2". Thickness depended on page count, which (for the <i>Annie</i> series) varied from 288 to 432 pages. They sold for 10 cents and, later,15 cents.</div>
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The earliest titles had two or more printings, and are identical except for the ads. One of the books, LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE GHOST GANG, was also issued as a soft-cover variant with a different cover illustration (in black and white), and is very rare. These may have been given away as premiums.</div>
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The year of publication given below for each book is taken from the books themselves, and each of the copyrights shown corresponds with those given in the <i>Catalog of Copyright Entries</i>. One exception is the first Annie book, which is copyrighted 1928, though it came out in 1933. The stories are based on strips that appeared in 1931 and 1932.</div>
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The numbering of the books makes little sense after the eighth title, LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE $1,000,000 FORMULA. For instance, the ninth book, LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE IN THE MOVIES, copyrighted 1937, is #1416; but LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE ANCIENT TREASURE OF AM, copyrighted 1939, is #1414.</div>
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Sometime in 1938 Whitman changed the name of their Big Little Books imprint to <i>Better Little Books</i>. LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE SHOEMAKER (1938) was the last of Annie's Big Little Books, and THE ANCIENT TREASURE OF AM (1939) was the first to bear the Better Little Books mark. (In fact, an abridged reprint of THE ANCIENT TREASURE OF AM, published in 1949, was the last Annie book, and also the last of any book to be issued with the Better Little Books logo.) Therefore, the books are placed here in order of their copyright dates, rather than publisher's number, which seems logical.</div>
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The back covers of the Big Little Books were also illustrated, and, as these mini-tomes were quite thick, so too was the spine. Unfortunately, the back covers of the Better Little Books were unadorned by these colourful pictures; instead, a list of available titles was shown. As these rather dull ads are of no interest here, they are not displayed below.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirzyp9kDCzwrK60BhDrTziZmQdg0owuZAdO4T3ND6fxFrVxGNoMosAYkyfWDldY9LTlVK1GE6H-ZuTZ_T_Igm293JptE2sqwrljlYgLW9-MlEKViyVOh3zFY7oPGdNSeIYa155WWRknnTj/s1600/loa+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="796" data-original-width="711" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirzyp9kDCzwrK60BhDrTziZmQdg0owuZAdO4T3ND6fxFrVxGNoMosAYkyfWDldY9LTlVK1GE6H-ZuTZ_T_Igm293JptE2sqwrljlYgLW9-MlEKViyVOh3zFY7oPGdNSeIYa155WWRknnTj/s400/loa+1.jpg" width="356" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE (1933) #708; <i>Big Little Books</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfMr04OQRO19uCmuYPFoHpFtWVKfo7y3k5yQmzNWLuBsPJ3GprcL9RUUIUcd-Dx8Xghxd9msxYBkpY13qsmVXVauKx3QnsYU7j15lL4bdcnBRQf9c2mEmZ7vKvNGDVO8hfaAWizlD6mbuf/s1600/sandy.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1349" data-original-width="1238" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfMr04OQRO19uCmuYPFoHpFtWVKfo7y3k5yQmzNWLuBsPJ3GprcL9RUUIUcd-Dx8Xghxd9msxYBkpY13qsmVXVauKx3QnsYU7j15lL4bdcnBRQf9c2mEmZ7vKvNGDVO8hfaAWizlD6mbuf/s400/sandy.JPG" width="366" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND SANDY (1933) #716; <i>Big Little Books; copyrighted July 15, 1933</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvbX8uiy67iV3Tg2bxnfBKY6PmYqdscHkwIsPlfcaLYfjJgQSZWsGCRZHt_WxjZzd5aCXDVYVPLs6iHVs02zO-LKuQASPAANvWFSbYS99h48U1qvg9uymQu5HZv_H2SkkwN9sj-0yuTxYk/s1600/chizzler+front.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="1100" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvbX8uiy67iV3Tg2bxnfBKY6PmYqdscHkwIsPlfcaLYfjJgQSZWsGCRZHt_WxjZzd5aCXDVYVPLs6iHVs02zO-LKuQASPAANvWFSbYS99h48U1qvg9uymQu5HZv_H2SkkwN9sj-0yuTxYk/s400/chizzler+front.jpg" width="321" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND CHIZZLER (1933) #748; <i>Big Little Books; copyrighted November 6, 1933</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizdrm6oFgPPiW4_uE3oyOW51BBrdj86f3T4SfOM4FYmchicdkZkVxW8atqyJkX3Eg0DJXVxkuYrb-2ZSRINwwUq7ONtLSg9HIQggl6BD9v-hFVit7ai56qJqUjUXOLBjFpAj34b6eTTMer/s1600/circus.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1393" data-original-width="1088" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizdrm6oFgPPiW4_uE3oyOW51BBrdj86f3T4SfOM4FYmchicdkZkVxW8atqyJkX3Eg0DJXVxkuYrb-2ZSRINwwUq7ONtLSg9HIQggl6BD9v-hFVit7ai56qJqUjUXOLBjFpAj34b6eTTMer/s400/circus.JPG" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE WITH THE CIRCUS (1934) #1103; <i>Big Little Books; copyrighted April 10, 1934</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-FVDMuZg8ouin_OF5Fefe5Kxgir-rH6rWS8FWxeGuDDh183PVkpYqS8X5TYhPsI025D8Glp9fJlFonThOPkOVytDcx9ArHDbcpEtKxinjMUJW2hnhYG9pZa-2qmYGPRVZQlY7gv1bhLNW/s1600/train+robbery.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1380" data-original-width="1135" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-FVDMuZg8ouin_OF5Fefe5Kxgir-rH6rWS8FWxeGuDDh183PVkpYqS8X5TYhPsI025D8Glp9fJlFonThOPkOVytDcx9ArHDbcpEtKxinjMUJW2hnhYG9pZa-2qmYGPRVZQlY7gv1bhLNW/s400/train+robbery.JPG" width="328" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE BIG TRAIN ROBBERY (1934) #1140; <i>Big Little Books; copyrighted September 15, 1934</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj-wis1EfB6wJulE2nzYneWqlXk5EBWTReSy6dnddRHgBFrrsSWTggZ8-nklH8QeqhOP9foqEEM-tvA9UH9NGHMedNBmOulGHtPtaoNG3s0s9YADRpIV3mGHE7DpNw7wvcze5QseSJa_I_/s1600/ghost+gang.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1396" data-original-width="1084" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj-wis1EfB6wJulE2nzYneWqlXk5EBWTReSy6dnddRHgBFrrsSWTggZ8-nklH8QeqhOP9foqEEM-tvA9UH9NGHMedNBmOulGHtPtaoNG3s0s9YADRpIV3mGHE7DpNw7wvcze5QseSJa_I_/s400/ghost+gang.JPG" width="310" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE GHOST GANG (1935) #1154; <i>Big Little Books; copyrighted March 13, 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJg8RvuGJfYCU-fTxflAtQjZvptdRycZNseMnQN9qdyEptB9-80Jz0YIhsB5H2Zkwp1QeIt7yda-nq8VQTHUoEXDzleha3FQvEtpGTQm0E5ZWziNVzBiF5TjwrZTeulDvu41Ap9GurCWoO/s1600/ghost+gang+rare+softcover.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1144" data-original-width="946" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJg8RvuGJfYCU-fTxflAtQjZvptdRycZNseMnQN9qdyEptB9-80Jz0YIhsB5H2Zkwp1QeIt7yda-nq8VQTHUoEXDzleha3FQvEtpGTQm0E5ZWziNVzBiF5TjwrZTeulDvu41Ap9GurCWoO/s400/ghost+gang+rare+softcover.JPG" width="330" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE GHOST GANG (1930s); <i>rare softcover version; possibly a giveaway </i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQq4wU3P_KHhb4xwhIbEOyCDmsNsBmTxdYPQ6yWqsXrP4LE8g8D6YVIT9WEX3G-d0H3vh0VlxZAiXumo4mtnQeIevAP7HT2xKQ0xLshvSZ7tZjuCn6NmGo4alk2cSzbnfZihi7oTob6Zgj/s1600/punjab.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1380" data-original-width="1104" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQq4wU3P_KHhb4xwhIbEOyCDmsNsBmTxdYPQ6yWqsXrP4LE8g8D6YVIT9WEX3G-d0H3vh0VlxZAiXumo4mtnQeIevAP7HT2xKQ0xLshvSZ7tZjuCn6NmGo4alk2cSzbnfZihi7oTob6Zgj/s400/punjab.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND PUNJAB THE WIZARD (1935) #1162; <i>don't let the cover fool you -- the full title of this book can be seen on the spine; Big Little Books; copyrighted December 4, 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiexMCXzU4x5yeQfiVUUISy-UPCB66c2yN0LJXdqOubC70071JVQU-dhuv6eunDMg7KbDX3ebY2Nt1uol4ouFYJjgwu2ew8kCFdDHXJTfVvfzAwkFNjIe_qYv1YVT1tHwnMJIWvKAxg_hhF/s1600/formula.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1385" data-original-width="1107" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiexMCXzU4x5yeQfiVUUISy-UPCB66c2yN0LJXdqOubC70071JVQU-dhuv6eunDMg7KbDX3ebY2Nt1uol4ouFYJjgwu2ew8kCFdDHXJTfVvfzAwkFNjIe_qYv1YVT1tHwnMJIWvKAxg_hhF/s400/formula.JPG" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE $1,000,000 FORMULA (1936) #1186; <i>Big Little Books; copyrighted October 9, 1936</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaofiaqT1LelDdre29Ot57Rp3L1kraq_bDTjHxkoWYoC0244038YM8-TmvO2ZnEsy_jQRvM62g4vWFZBURk0RVO4Cm2CJZdOxVGyyBHcLu2yU4Wki3NaJDgMhS2aMhNCa_gsTz1ZuHdOiE/s1600/in+the+movies.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="987" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaofiaqT1LelDdre29Ot57Rp3L1kraq_bDTjHxkoWYoC0244038YM8-TmvO2ZnEsy_jQRvM62g4vWFZBURk0RVO4Cm2CJZdOxVGyyBHcLu2yU4Wki3NaJDgMhS2aMhNCa_gsTz1ZuHdOiE/s400/in+the+movies.JPG" width="328" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE IN THE MOVIES (1937) #1416; <i>Big Little Books; copyrighted August 3, 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFS34ssRUfS5_t3MRh8D7sjVhNdVYS-syzqTCBViPZ14yYT2hHKdtlQv3G7nMyGbyoiMmVKLXZ8Wp0v3hHhaa7jWVfJeawY2auvLSJqq5sFBLYG_fbGMKH8iRvwN97C0Ux3b_Tisxb5vZf/s1600/mysterious+shoemaker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1372" data-original-width="1106" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFS34ssRUfS5_t3MRh8D7sjVhNdVYS-syzqTCBViPZ14yYT2hHKdtlQv3G7nMyGbyoiMmVKLXZ8Wp0v3hHhaa7jWVfJeawY2auvLSJqq5sFBLYG_fbGMKH8iRvwN97C0Ux3b_Tisxb5vZf/s400/mysterious+shoemaker.jpg" width="321" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE MYSTERIOUS SHOEMAKER (1938) #1449; <i>the only Big Little Book not to use the familiar Little Orphan Annie logo; Big Little Books; copyrighted June 8, 1938</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjlcT5uz_6DWv50JfsYGCpd_xQzpc_v3sty5cV10ODwCz289hziU-hMfJbDUBMLmE7GJGDadjHDySaY7HGb14mRl9CH2ZESXMzV4A5lAAU1Qzygi45gHxToXIhp673dmWUeG3x_ZQ7TXtE/s1600/am+1414.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1377" data-original-width="1118" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjlcT5uz_6DWv50JfsYGCpd_xQzpc_v3sty5cV10ODwCz289hziU-hMfJbDUBMLmE7GJGDadjHDySaY7HGb14mRl9CH2ZESXMzV4A5lAAU1Qzygi45gHxToXIhp673dmWUeG3x_ZQ7TXtE/s400/am+1414.jpg" width="323" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE ANCIENT TREASURE OF AM (1939) #1414; <i>reprinted 10 years later (see #1468 below); Big Little Books; copyrighted August 20, 1939</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLyCwjtMMfHp4-OSqgONH3rDlTcVljNDKfLuBdfLOKYI-NLSrpURguEGrvLm6b0Fkuia-az8pLvXaVfSNNEl6q0DMkgHlCjY_KXmHoEi7Esg7u-nwYpkW87JsaSbMPiku1G-6eHbsdByzi/s1600/haunted+mansion.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="741" data-original-width="594" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLyCwjtMMfHp4-OSqgONH3rDlTcVljNDKfLuBdfLOKYI-NLSrpURguEGrvLm6b0Fkuia-az8pLvXaVfSNNEl6q0DMkgHlCjY_KXmHoEi7Esg7u-nwYpkW87JsaSbMPiku1G-6eHbsdByzi/s400/haunted+mansion.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE HAUNTED MANSION (1941) #1482; <i>Better Little Books; copyrighted October 23, 1941</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4PJKrdOM1Y48AeNd2p88JLNt-QYDKqyoa74sP9TH2GJV8UP1WE5R_SUxfUFE3psgHZuT1WCWj7Xg1MYE5wd5DmvdbvtEXCr0GIJ5g9S8kxJ8jrMk8Iqec_HNOioVsuo37MnRImJttToFi/s1600/junior+commandos.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="827" data-original-width="675" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4PJKrdOM1Y48AeNd2p88JLNt-QYDKqyoa74sP9TH2GJV8UP1WE5R_SUxfUFE3psgHZuT1WCWj7Xg1MYE5wd5DmvdbvtEXCr0GIJ5g9S8kxJ8jrMk8Iqec_HNOioVsuo37MnRImJttToFi/s400/junior+commandos.jpg" width="326" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND HER JUNIOR COMMANDOS (1943) #1457; <i>Better Little Books; copyrighted October 14, 1943</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE UNDERGROUND HIDE-OUT (1945) #1461; <i>Better Little Books; copyrighted January 25, 1945</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE SECRET OF THE WELL (1947) #1417; <i>Better Little Books; copyrighted April 18, 1947</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE GOONEYVILLE MYSTERY (1947) #1435; <i>Better Little Books; copyrighted November 28, 1947</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE IN THE THIEVES' DEN (1948) #1446; Better Little Books; <i>copyrighted June 14, 1948</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE AND THE ANCIENT TREASURE OF AM (1949) #1468; <i>abridged reprint of #1414, with new cover; Better Little Books; retains 1939 copyright date inside</i></span></td></tr>
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(For those interested in Big Little Books and their ilk, much more information can be found at <a href="http://biglittlebooks.com/">biglittlebooks.com</a>. The covers for the 1920s and '30s <i>Cupples and Leon</i> reprints of the Little Orphan Annie newspaper strip can be seen <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.ca/2012/01/little-orphan-annie-merchandise.html" target="_blank">here</a>.)</div>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-49174624178661424232017-02-15T22:08:00.000-05:002019-09-02T22:05:01.330-04:00The Mystery of Marjorie Torrey (Solved)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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I've been an admirer of Marjorie Torrey's illustrations since I was very small. We had a copy of the Dandelion edition of ALICE IN WONDERLAND (1955) and PETER PAN (1957), which combined the two books into one. Torrey's colour paintings and black and white illustrations were charming and magical. I felt like I was there, in Wonderland. There were other children's artists that I liked, such as Dr. Seuss, Sid Hoff and H. A. Rey. Crockett Johnson's <i>Harold and the Purple Crayon</i> series never ceased to intrigue me. But I think for sheer beauty, Marjorie Torrey was the greatest children's book illustrator of the 20th century.<br />
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But who was Marjorie Torrey? The only information available online is that she was born in 1899, and that in 1966 a fellow named Tom Torre Bevans began renewing the copyright on her books and illustrations. The 1899 year of birth is given in publications and catalogues dating back to the 1940s, but when she died is unknown. As for Tom Torre Bevans (in some Catalog of Copyright Entries his name is spelled "Torrey"), there is some speculation that he was Marjorie Torrey's husband. There are no other biographical details available. But I wasn't buying the idea that Tom Torre Bevans was Marjorie's husband, and after a little research I confirmed that he wasn't. Nor was Marjorie born in 1899. So now I went from two little scraps of biographical information to none at all. I was off to a good start.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original art: gouache on board (date unknown)</span></i></td></tr>
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It seemed too much of a coincidence that Tom Bevans' middle name was <i>Torre</i>. I wondered, could he be Marjorie Torrey's son? He was. But, as it turns out, he was born in 1912, so it seemed unlikely (though not impossible) that Marjorie was born in 1899. According to the 1920 <i>United States Federal Census</i>, Marjorie T. Bevans (27) was born "about" 1893. Her spouse, Thomas M. Bevans (39), was born in 1881 in Illinois, and they had one child, listed as "Torre H." (7). They were renting a home in Manhattan. Staying with them was Marjorie's mother, Caroline L. Hood (51), born 1869 in New York. Both Tom and Marjorie gave their occupations as "Illustrator", and that they were working on their "Own Account" (i.e., freelance). <br />
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So now we know that Marjorie Torrey was born Marjorie Torrey Hood in 1893. Except that I came across the November 1901 issue of ST. NICHOLAS, a children's magazine. "The St. Nicholas League" was a section devoted to their young readers, a forum where they could display their drawings and poems. One of the entrants, Marjorie T. Hood, gives her age as 13, rather than 8. She couldn't have been born in 1893. Thwarted again!<br />
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Checking the 1910 <i>United States Federal Census</i> we find that Marjorie T. Hood was actually born in 1888, in Connecticut (not New York, as was claimed on the 1920 census). She was single, and living in Ridgewood, Bergen County, New Jersey with her parents, William A. Hood, born 1859 in New York, and Carolyn [sic] L. Hood, born 1862 in New York. For some reason, Marjorie and her mother lied about their ages on the 1920 census.<br />
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Not only did Marjorie Torrey shave 5 years off her age, but she later shaved off another 6 years. At the very least, she never bothered to disabuse anyone of the notion that she was born in 1899. Even with this new information, we're left with a woefully thin biography.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> St. Nicholas <i>magazine (April 1900)</i></span></td></tr>
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Marjorie Torrey Hood was born in 1888 in Connecticut, the only child of William A. Hood, born 1859, and Carolyn L. Hood, born 1862. She came from American Dutch and English stock. The Hood family eventually settled in Brooklyn, New York.<br />
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From an early age Marjorie enjoyed drawing, and sent her artwork to ST NICHOLAS, a popular children's periodical that ran from 1873 to 1940. The last few pages of the magazine, "The St Nicholas League", was devoted to their young readers, and provided a place for them to have their drawings, poems, short stories and essays printed. Cash prizes were awarded for the best entries. At first Marjorie's drawings were relegated to the Special Mention section: "Though not quite up to the publication mark, special mention should be made of the drawings sent this month by Dates Pursell, Ethel York, Robert H. McKoy, Marjorie Hood, Margaret Peckham, Margaret Thomasson, and Arthur Bell. Also of stories and essays by Lily Carpenter Worthington, Anna Spencer Stokes, Edgar Daniels, Rachel D. Kanes, and Lois W. Martin. The work sent by these young writers and artists is very promising, and they should persevere." The children named here were also listed, along with several more, in the Roll of Honor: "A list of those whose work, though not used, has been found worthy of honorable mention."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCPXz4MpEIdawKWFNFdGmNUsz7V67lspVKYMhjQwI-VS8eVGwhYGOViEy_MWMqhv9hgs7J401nb9R7qL-QlAtM-eFBi1UupT8pUL9IBjoQLnsOv2ViUoYspcuY96R-jOmET2H4w8qJeYuR/s1600/st+nicholas+november+1901.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCPXz4MpEIdawKWFNFdGmNUsz7V67lspVKYMhjQwI-VS8eVGwhYGOViEy_MWMqhv9hgs7J401nb9R7qL-QlAtM-eFBi1UupT8pUL9IBjoQLnsOv2ViUoYspcuY96R-jOmET2H4w8qJeYuR/s400/st+nicholas+november+1901.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> St. Nicholas <i>magazine (November 1901); Marjorie is showing remarkable competence at the age of 13</i></span></td></tr>
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Marjorie did persevere, and one of her drawings, of a little girl sitting before a glowing hearth, was published in the next issue (April 1900). She contributed regularly, and though her drawings weren't always published, the ones that were showed a young artist whose skill was growing by leaps and bounds. Eventually she merited the League's gold badge award, winning cash prizes.<br />
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In her early teens Marjorie enrolled at the National Academy of Design. AMERICAN ART NEWS reported in their February 3, 1906 issue that "the social event of the season" had taken place on the evening of January 26. The National Academy had held their annual exhibition of students' work, as well as a costume dance: "Several hundred people were present, and about two hundred were masked." The dance was the highlight of the evening: "There were, or course, clowns, farmers, tramps, courtiers, wild westerners, Spanish girls, nuns, dancers, etc...After they had posed for the flash light photographer several times, prizes for the most artistic, original and unique costumes were awarded. Miss Marjorie Hood won first prize. Her costume was that of Robin Hood, or a hunter, and was of her own design." Marjorie's acute sense of fashion was to serve her well a few years later.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7GZwOgBGSpK4CKv7eRhNZcZ3gwfoxOvolBch50Q7WsuzNlvbkjWaCeuXnrogHmTI697W-NpEYb2RREVjJGThFsZaj1rlGV0f6W1rWTe22pTqpgjPszWAbIB5kiMIlKxiERL_uLAK_e2WE/s1600/lhj+april+1923.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7GZwOgBGSpK4CKv7eRhNZcZ3gwfoxOvolBch50Q7WsuzNlvbkjWaCeuXnrogHmTI697W-NpEYb2RREVjJGThFsZaj1rlGV0f6W1rWTe22pTqpgjPszWAbIB5kiMIlKxiERL_uLAK_e2WE/s400/lhj+april+1923.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"When One is to be a June Bride": illustration for</i> Ladies' Home Journal <i>(April 1923)</i></span></td></tr>
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That same year the students at the National Academy organised a committee "for the purpose of regulating and improving the conditions of the various classes when an occasion presents itself." Marjorie and seven others, representing various classes, were elected to the committee.<br />
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AMERICAN ART NEWS for July 11, 1908 reported that a "surprise party and dance was organized by Miss Margery Hood and Leighton Smithe in honor of A. L. Kroll, recipient of the Mooney scholarship from the Academy for two years' study abroad." It's interesting to note that here her name was spelled "Margery". (It may very well have been the writer's error, but in the future Marjorie was to use seemingly endless variations on her name.)<br />
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The National Academy held an annual award ceremony, and though Marjorie received only an honourable mention in 1907 in the composition class, in 1909 she received a Suydam bronze medal in the women's life drawing class. A silver and bronze medal were awarded for the two most accomplished pieces, the competitors having made their drawings in a group, from the same model. By this time she had dropped the <i>y</i> from her middle name.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVi8z0aZPNA8qNe3B9gSde_iubFOZS4DGY-PYJWSGd4xe72ow-mOcVS1AjQ5jfJayktlNd6vlKLa9PUc2RuNJwQ0hsdB83H3L68y4rG4GluW2H7dPFr5FGWyxZr1hIQgou-xRnDUoKW_xn/s1600/royal+baking+powder+ad+1920.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVi8z0aZPNA8qNe3B9gSde_iubFOZS4DGY-PYJWSGd4xe72ow-mOcVS1AjQ5jfJayktlNd6vlKLa9PUc2RuNJwQ0hsdB83H3L68y4rG4GluW2H7dPFr5FGWyxZr1hIQgou-xRnDUoKW_xn/s400/royal+baking+powder+ad+1920.jpg" width="255" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Royal Baking Powder ad, 1920</span></i></td></tr>
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Marjorie's days were spent in parks, sketching children as they played, an exercise that would later pay off. Evenings were spent at museums with her fellow artists, as well as writers, suffragettes, socialists and radicals. One of her more notable acquaintances was a struggling poet named Vachel Lindsay, the de facto leader of the group.<br />
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"We decorated a restaurant together," wrote Lindsay, in his COLLECTED POEMS (1925), "and the restaurant used this song [Litany of the Heroes] for a souvenir. We gloried in that place. It was there we held some of our midnight arguments. We were grander than Greenwich Village, long before there ever was such a thing on the art map. We were Paul Burlin, George Mather Richards, Pierre Laird, Earl H. Brewster, Leighton Haring Smith, and some brilliant girls, among whom were Margery Torrey Hood, now Torrey Bevans, and Achsa Barlow, now Mrs. Earl H. Brewster. The restaurant was called The Pig and the Goose, and has since disappeared." COLLECTED POEMS was a rather thick tome, with a print run of only 350 copies. Earlier in the book Lindsay mentioned that he'd mailed his small press publications "War Bulletins" and "Peace Advocate" to "Marjorie Torre Hood (now Torre Bevans)". This alternative spelling may have been more typical of Marjorie than Vachel.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRZQnR6YjOc91Q8m_XjTtRyh5StsxO6cU81ezuiSuLld6f1PNvG0g2_czvlK4QV7aDvvOp8E33AMQWSwS2W0GAWsQcmQml3h89Lnymz0rizfd19dQWPZfAxSP_hkT_sZYLPr6BFuckcmj1/s1600/royal+baking+powder+1920.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRZQnR6YjOc91Q8m_XjTtRyh5StsxO6cU81ezuiSuLld6f1PNvG0g2_czvlK4QV7aDvvOp8E33AMQWSwS2W0GAWsQcmQml3h89Lnymz0rizfd19dQWPZfAxSP_hkT_sZYLPr6BFuckcmj1/s400/royal+baking+powder+1920.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Royal Baking Powder Christmas ad, 1920</span></i></td></tr>
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Her circle of friends, particularly those with socialist leanings, would have her cross paths with Thorstein Veblen, the sociologist and economist. According to Elizabeth Watkins Jorgensen and Henry Irvin Jorgensen in THORSTEIN VEBLEN: VICTORIAN FIREBRAND (1999), Veblen had for years been involved with a woman named Ann Bradley, a suffragette and socialist known as "Babe", whose ex-husband, Tom Bevans, "was now involved with a certain Marjorie Hood -- eighteen years old, beautiful, pregnant with Tom's child, and with money in her background. 'Marjorie liked to go to parks and restaurants...had a flair for...clothes, [and] wore them well...'" Marjorie wasn't 18 in 1912, when she was pregnant, so she must already have been claiming an 1893 birth date. It's possible she lied even to Tom Bevans. Veblen divorced his wife Ellen January 20, 1912, and married Ann Bradley on June 17, 1914. Ann had custody of her and Tom's two daughters, Becky and Ann.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsUq7StiO4ICQrQO6ElFD2YTHh6hQDaOvg_TuMm1LJpfrZXphZmtLDM2Bce0CtjhzfjGYg5kK47n4XgWZ-FIL9-_G0oLGj4pWVul3zs1WMuqfID2NiFD3_7_ntGEQmamq93b628aLZ9cux/s1600/the+masses+april+1911.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsUq7StiO4ICQrQO6ElFD2YTHh6hQDaOvg_TuMm1LJpfrZXphZmtLDM2Bce0CtjhzfjGYg5kK47n4XgWZ-FIL9-_G0oLGj4pWVul3zs1WMuqfID2NiFD3_7_ntGEQmamq93b628aLZ9cux/s400/the+masses+april+1911.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> The Masses<i> (April 1911)</i></span></td></tr>
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It's interesting to note that Marjorie had "money in her background." She'd put it to some use, as a stockholder in THE MASSES, a radical socialist magazine that ran from 1911 to 1917, when they were put on trial for "treasonable material", specifically for seeking to obstruct the recruiting and enlistment of the military. Marjorie was also an active participant, contributing illustrations, and a brief article, "Art Impossible Under Capitalism", which reads, in part,<br />
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"Art is the expression of that sense of beauty which lies deep and purposeful in the human soul.<br />
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"It lies buried, crushed -- by poverty, dirt, monotonous toil. It is exploited by the impersonal, hurried, machine-like labor that goes into the making of everything about us -- the clothes we wear, the houses we live in, our utensils, our public buildings, even our books and pictures and music."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhURXs-qs7D1E1IxL3ewILuPdNjSdbaS1rPw6JFVWDdhyEfYN3nCBKNujsAgfILxuXejivR2mz04ZNuDCgY89aje3ZOL0TkM3kiLQPdfqQmcYtmeuzL2wCD_E073doS-svMZ4VSoFXCJRNQ/s1600/the+masses+june+1911.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhURXs-qs7D1E1IxL3ewILuPdNjSdbaS1rPw6JFVWDdhyEfYN3nCBKNujsAgfILxuXejivR2mz04ZNuDCgY89aje3ZOL0TkM3kiLQPdfqQmcYtmeuzL2wCD_E073doS-svMZ4VSoFXCJRNQ/s400/the+masses+june+1911.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> The Masses (<i>June 1911)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIGI3xUg1WizBF6_yzVCtd2rwKGehrPtil18rJJxbkzhxSd6LovEynUsEpDtLLCSBlPB6ZpSh-Uzqzv0kcKcsfWsPh4WTvxNrn0pfELR0ZaygG_R4dYfcHP9sqaE8dY0hlI2xTSmsQh7Yf/s1600/the+masses+march+1912.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIGI3xUg1WizBF6_yzVCtd2rwKGehrPtil18rJJxbkzhxSd6LovEynUsEpDtLLCSBlPB6ZpSh-Uzqzv0kcKcsfWsPh4WTvxNrn0pfELR0ZaygG_R4dYfcHP9sqaE8dY0hlI2xTSmsQh7Yf/s400/the+masses+march+1912.jpg" width="255" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Art Impossible Under Capitalism", in toto, from</i> The Masses <i>(March 1912)</i></span></td></tr>
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Marjorie was involved with the magazine only during its first couple of years of existence, so she wasn't one of the people listed on the masthead who ended up being tried. <br />
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But with a family -- Tom Torre Bevans was born September 11, 1912 -- comes responsibility, and idealism was replaced by the reality of need. Thus, Marjorie was soon forced to become part of the capitalist society she decried, earning a living as a freelance artist, taking whatever work she could find in advertising (she did numerous ads for the Royal Baking Powder Company) and fashion design. As well, she became an illustrator of magazine covers and articles, and, of course, children's books. She continued supporting THE MASSES financially until late 1913. The magazine, which, at its peak, reach a circulation of 25,000, lasted another four years.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNoPkR_uN894ZzLvgN7c5lfYyvDix0YqIPV2D6bBaJYjmkYNwt8wDcQN8GCbAe3wt6H6jKxeqXyCWJIi5IkJaUYHU30Vqfw7fBqq4HXlwBEfPbJ7UXQBb0jwsVIgLpz1sfvXj5ZC74pXTp/s1600/st+nicholas+january+1915+queen+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNoPkR_uN894ZzLvgN7c5lfYyvDix0YqIPV2D6bBaJYjmkYNwt8wDcQN8GCbAe3wt6H6jKxeqXyCWJIi5IkJaUYHU30Vqfw7fBqq4HXlwBEfPbJ7UXQBb0jwsVIgLpz1sfvXj5ZC74pXTp/s400/st+nicholas+january+1915+queen+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration for</i> St. Nicholas <i>magazine (January 1915)</i></span></td></tr>
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She returned to ST NICHOLAS, this time as a professional illustrator for a story titled "The Little Queen of Twelfth-Night", written by Katharine Elise Chapman. For Marjorie, it must have been a dream come true, to work for the magazine that thrilled her as a child. It was at this time that she began signing her name "Bevans". (The credit for the three ST NICHOLAS illustrations was "T. M. and M. T. Bevans", i.e., Thomas Bevans and Marjorie Torre Bevans, but it should be noted that the artwork is recognisably Marjorie's, and that it bears her signature, except for one piece, which might have been a collaboration.) According to a 1940 article, "at first she signed her drawings Torrey Bevans, but decided to drop the y so that its descender would not be a lone stilt under her signature." (This statement notwithstanding, she'd left off the <i>y</i> long before she'd met Tom Bevans.)<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiXSSZQVCAhUuk6yRoiV1G6hmCVkKzQN0mpgxKRIAzgs0N-bnA_CXToqgu8bebFkZOD_LGnw_grprJs1IAqu5kbikvAXXagcKKiC7hbaiwKFAxu1EzUMfFsQJ59Cs93X9OYcvHUt-6Kf30/s1600/st+nicholas+january+1915+queen+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="391" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiXSSZQVCAhUuk6yRoiV1G6hmCVkKzQN0mpgxKRIAzgs0N-bnA_CXToqgu8bebFkZOD_LGnw_grprJs1IAqu5kbikvAXXagcKKiC7hbaiwKFAxu1EzUMfFsQJ59Cs93X9OYcvHUt-6Kf30/s400/st+nicholas+january+1915+queen+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration for</i> St. Nicholas <i>magazine (January 1915)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkpqNUtv9ftppuL5E7SBGBgczXDqqHVNDBMSEpSlJYM1HmARJn2W1iryVWu6Tmo2km_S1Hs3RZbvpQqVKBAu8X9vLUSvdAaQKM1Hgnx5L0b1ai0cA4aNoq-B3ZTesfMdkinJhyphenhyphenWCWSvOiR/s1600/st+nicholas+january+1915+queen+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkpqNUtv9ftppuL5E7SBGBgczXDqqHVNDBMSEpSlJYM1HmARJn2W1iryVWu6Tmo2km_S1Hs3RZbvpQqVKBAu8X9vLUSvdAaQKM1Hgnx5L0b1ai0cA4aNoq-B3ZTesfMdkinJhyphenhyphenWCWSvOiR/s400/st+nicholas+january+1915+queen+3.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration for</i> St. Nicholas <i>magazine (January 1915)</i></span></td></tr>
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She also found work at HARPER'S BAZAR (later HARPER'S BAZAAR), primarily as an illustrator, but she also began to hone her writing skills. In 1915 HARPER'S BAZAR said that Marjorie "loves the French artists but is always so anxious to please the art editor that she will draw any old way..." It was in women's magazines that she was able to earn a living. She contributed covers and illustrations to GOOD HOUSEKEEPING, THE DELINEATOR, McCALL'S and THE LADIES' HOME JOURNAL.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7iAeJsJaFNoT_xX2zhCB1-J8kbSzqIAUNaRpJoVmpnxKp2WLg9tTXQE2AWDNxa8AnNr3fvhdj1u_4Q-IPOTSYy3wirohRrKLrjDQrPto7aq8hOwlC_6WsLN6gNfRdz31VnLoUso4sqmdr/s1600/ladies+home+journal+april+1914.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="95" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7iAeJsJaFNoT_xX2zhCB1-J8kbSzqIAUNaRpJoVmpnxKp2WLg9tTXQE2AWDNxa8AnNr3fvhdj1u_4Q-IPOTSYy3wirohRrKLrjDQrPto7aq8hOwlC_6WsLN6gNfRdz31VnLoUso4sqmdr/s400/ladies+home+journal+april+1914.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> Ladies' Home Journal <i>(April 1914)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisHrju8SMi5RN4TwAAvnJaQTm03M4vN1f5ps-eZtk3Ez1D0r5_nHfLuYrpECw4qKouQWgHZf8ldG1oNgeNQlRIOQF1Qfq6LPFctpuT2xZNBEnu9RQhmvzaQf2q8E-F9bs9beTLjGsceAyn/s1600/ladies+home+journal+december+1914.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="347" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisHrju8SMi5RN4TwAAvnJaQTm03M4vN1f5ps-eZtk3Ez1D0r5_nHfLuYrpECw4qKouQWgHZf8ldG1oNgeNQlRIOQF1Qfq6LPFctpuT2xZNBEnu9RQhmvzaQf2q8E-F9bs9beTLjGsceAyn/s400/ladies+home+journal+december+1914.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> Ladies' Home Journal <i>(April 1914)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Wax6wJT9u6o1PtDivCY9OgFLVyspHZQ_3f5xJRzg3GSYFCuOBTVPkqXcGWz32EYGlrL9p3us6xrNauWEPESblhj91H6sBO5HrCLatqoAFLA6dq0R_wICH9MxWEPZTN_CAZY25zn5bDJ9/s1600/ladies+home+journal+december+1915.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1Wax6wJT9u6o1PtDivCY9OgFLVyspHZQ_3f5xJRzg3GSYFCuOBTVPkqXcGWz32EYGlrL9p3us6xrNauWEPESblhj91H6sBO5HrCLatqoAFLA6dq0R_wICH9MxWEPZTN_CAZY25zn5bDJ9/s400/ladies+home+journal+december+1915.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> Ladies' Home Journal <i>(December 1915)</i></span></td></tr>
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Marjorie and Tom occupied the ground floor of a large house in Washington Square, in the heart of Greenwich Village. Tom, an architect by trade, often collaborated with Marjorie, who posed for the figures he sketched, leaving Marjorie to draw the faces and to drape the figures in her rather unique costumes. Marjorie also filled in the ornate backgrounds, in the <i>Art Nouveau</i> style that she grew up admiring and which stuck with her for the rest of her life. Both did their work at night, drawing and painting till sunrise.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSMiWU9JpuduY0wHi22XprvhOUVsKC-LjAUIsyZOxXiyaH8MVKhQ2i3EWIqnghwV13WdBZWX6SOzPVvzJ3SuAZusHhbzb-A3jNHqfg7POIa8rGH27EHhVv4lk2SH7vlSQG7DwvHkYYzl6r/s1600/ladies+home+journal+august+1915.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSMiWU9JpuduY0wHi22XprvhOUVsKC-LjAUIsyZOxXiyaH8MVKhQ2i3EWIqnghwV13WdBZWX6SOzPVvzJ3SuAZusHhbzb-A3jNHqfg7POIa8rGH27EHhVv4lk2SH7vlSQG7DwvHkYYzl6r/s400/ladies+home+journal+august+1915.jpg" width="322" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> Ladies' Home Journal <i>(August 1915)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW6jeAD1mRzuCvLrCsdCZrQgFCA-Z28XEl4zDFXbOBzUgXvn0B-8OzadiNLIknYt6ELKR07jW6FJUGJ-kpFBvugavFJfPggI3L1xWv_MP3Dk1O-VY_3U_0IEYf3M-ESZ56axlbXURiJjk5/s1600/marjorie+and+tom+bevans+1915.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW6jeAD1mRzuCvLrCsdCZrQgFCA-Z28XEl4zDFXbOBzUgXvn0B-8OzadiNLIknYt6ELKR07jW6FJUGJ-kpFBvugavFJfPggI3L1xWv_MP3Dk1O-VY_3U_0IEYf3M-ESZ56axlbXURiJjk5/s400/marjorie+and+tom+bevans+1915.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The Bevans family, 1915: Thomas, Marjorie and son Tom</span></i></td></tr>
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Marjorie was also known to wear unusual fashions, in and out of the house. "My husband and myself," she explained in a 1915 newspaper article, "feel that everyone has a right to work out his or her own individuality and to express themselves in their own way. But this doesn't operate against our working together. In fact where two persons are very congenial and like the same things there is a combined strength and power in their effort which for either alone would be quite impossible of attainment. We find this to be the case with our work and enjoy the result more in consequence."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE1_NJLm0YpXNlKrVdVX9r7bc9e5eC9IJeRfGoeujiDE-TD69Oq5XB_U2kjzultklF5UqcbAcfjkFnaJaL4x3YroOPZ9hJlYFFzoe3CcbJHc13dDxVlSgaqyAlLtC1FC6ZWgTWQwQNYC7z/s1600/harper%2527s+bazar+october+1916.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE1_NJLm0YpXNlKrVdVX9r7bc9e5eC9IJeRfGoeujiDE-TD69Oq5XB_U2kjzultklF5UqcbAcfjkFnaJaL4x3YroOPZ9hJlYFFzoe3CcbJHc13dDxVlSgaqyAlLtC1FC6ZWgTWQwQNYC7z/s400/harper%2527s+bazar+october+1916.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cover for</i> Harper's Bazar <i>(October 1916)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsThWOd1YfuVL2mUDH3PIqgiXk5nHk00IVi3MTzk-dYGPFaAvgUnHLGt8yZmSn-QJmxUzV_K6o8KbPiaw5tTCTqgC9UQ9IkFJNtJ-7iPYXjH9j_0nFfp6m_x1J7XueTbkA3a2MKFYArSSs/s1600/harper%2527s+bazar+1917.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsThWOd1YfuVL2mUDH3PIqgiXk5nHk00IVi3MTzk-dYGPFaAvgUnHLGt8yZmSn-QJmxUzV_K6o8KbPiaw5tTCTqgC9UQ9IkFJNtJ-7iPYXjH9j_0nFfp6m_x1J7XueTbkA3a2MKFYArSSs/s400/harper%2527s+bazar+1917.jpg" width="333" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> Harper's Bazar, <i>1917</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1xlMBzoswI5QCBfGWxD_-1BXFgU4URbBoCSvwj7fpwwKZNLwPCqEZ7uYST9WDASd3laGBLmccu8x6gaTC15jsK7f-aOOjQC5C6736eaXiOTGXjLUPxkJ0sPY7dZ278ZyOgqkacYAwTXUx/s1600/harper%2527s+bazar+1917+lingerie+for+little+people.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1xlMBzoswI5QCBfGWxD_-1BXFgU4URbBoCSvwj7fpwwKZNLwPCqEZ7uYST9WDASd3laGBLmccu8x6gaTC15jsK7f-aOOjQC5C6736eaXiOTGXjLUPxkJ0sPY7dZ278ZyOgqkacYAwTXUx/s400/harper%2527s+bazar+1917+lingerie+for+little+people.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Article and Illustration for</i> Harper's Bazar <i>(February 1917)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGgvg76vOrfbl7jsDZTgKmtuCuy8GDLUuXKIpdtNcLSb3HCProsGRw4iQv_V-JFH1PegNINmbIRjdmJ8OI-fN81Ptf62Vjzgf65NbAOgt0SxcogronOlnrkM5zXC3RM8coSUCFBsKdNoBV/s1600/ladies+home+journal+february+1918.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGgvg76vOrfbl7jsDZTgKmtuCuy8GDLUuXKIpdtNcLSb3HCProsGRw4iQv_V-JFH1PegNINmbIRjdmJ8OI-fN81Ptf62Vjzgf65NbAOgt0SxcogronOlnrkM5zXC3RM8coSUCFBsKdNoBV/s400/ladies+home+journal+february+1918.jpg" width="255" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Aunt Jemima ad from</i> Ladies' Home Journal <i>(February 1918)</i></span></td></tr>
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Marjorie, who always had a penchant for drawing children, particularly little girls, made dozens of pretty illustrations for a book called ON OUR HILL (1918), written by Josephine Daskam Bacon. Though it was credited to T. M. and M. T. Bevans, as usual Tom seems to have had little, if anything, to do with the drawings. In fact, in the <i>Catalog of Copyright Entries</i>, the book is copyrighted to Josephine Daskam Bacon and M. T. Bevans.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg81G7stYZnknHD0lgnpTrY7aV2EkXR4xJ9u8wjAiV2qhs-D6fAC7efU1cc7gGEf3AwU21fTtTbCbH6ybY_raxgrVNII9D0xNI_qtu54Vt6phuyS_q_-WGM3HRSGJsiRPYMYQ9ZiKCR35rQ/s1600/on+our+hill+pg+10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg81G7stYZnknHD0lgnpTrY7aV2EkXR4xJ9u8wjAiV2qhs-D6fAC7efU1cc7gGEf3AwU21fTtTbCbH6ybY_raxgrVNII9D0xNI_qtu54Vt6phuyS_q_-WGM3HRSGJsiRPYMYQ9ZiKCR35rQ/s400/on+our+hill+pg+10.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">On Our Hill <i>(1918), page 10</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglImZEnoyhwihOzkSVHrv2-ssxhyVqDB8NA1lj7YKmLWyD06aNK5Ddbd2qyL9yPwAizwLDBPGbPumbLngpMIEfKdPddBfoJ70pkyo-waAfuZ_e3OlcaxmiHUDVfUwieCPCNrYSzTWkJgT1/s1600/on+our+hill+pg+117.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglImZEnoyhwihOzkSVHrv2-ssxhyVqDB8NA1lj7YKmLWyD06aNK5Ddbd2qyL9yPwAizwLDBPGbPumbLngpMIEfKdPddBfoJ70pkyo-waAfuZ_e3OlcaxmiHUDVfUwieCPCNrYSzTWkJgT1/s400/on+our+hill+pg+117.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">On Our Hill <i>(1918), page 117</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3rIPkBjra9Kw43Sv3xIFCK3csUzQKf14FB-o8y9FnAnrN7GwUsaeZsN9qhoisoAqJf9kYA_yQHsInOLC0zDrrFxuAkzmJcbi95eQMxQFF0-uknS2fLisvQ08mCEI1d7-pucedQHvKBBMp/s1600/on+our+hill+pg+151.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3rIPkBjra9Kw43Sv3xIFCK3csUzQKf14FB-o8y9FnAnrN7GwUsaeZsN9qhoisoAqJf9kYA_yQHsInOLC0zDrrFxuAkzmJcbi95eQMxQFF0-uknS2fLisvQ08mCEI1d7-pucedQHvKBBMp/s400/on+our+hill+pg+151.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">On Our Hill <i>(1918), page 151</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNVA07-bWoq7Go4c3SkoOEWuLKUSYVmUQ1mqssTkuGZ5G29QoETSlPMCt_R6k6_IWGUVIcVha0f2ST-Q2Tvi8R8R4uv_0v0zmS93ZS3loQcJI6-QN6gTlr5LUpSQHhJAiIGr3ViPps4Bw4/s1600/on+our+hill+pg+243.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNVA07-bWoq7Go4c3SkoOEWuLKUSYVmUQ1mqssTkuGZ5G29QoETSlPMCt_R6k6_IWGUVIcVha0f2ST-Q2Tvi8R8R4uv_0v0zmS93ZS3loQcJI6-QN6gTlr5LUpSQHhJAiIGr3ViPps4Bw4/s400/on+our+hill+pg+243.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">On Our Hill <i>(1918), page243</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhClwUJElT3y3rHWsUB9h1zdmlw58b5uYIyqGtPiqMftAJTTQ0KR3roXDLtvqbwF9NhwSE8mLgyoRV9uRpNQGbbNA0KsOnfjVhRLtHGdlITnp2oOk504c-6tCnvaensSVspFNpzYVi3cYF_/s1600/marjorie+torrey+1922.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhClwUJElT3y3rHWsUB9h1zdmlw58b5uYIyqGtPiqMftAJTTQ0KR3roXDLtvqbwF9NhwSE8mLgyoRV9uRpNQGbbNA0KsOnfjVhRLtHGdlITnp2oOk504c-6tCnvaensSVspFNpzYVi3cYF_/s1600/marjorie+torrey+1922.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Marjorie Torre Bevans, 1922</span></i></td></tr>
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An April 22, 1922 article in the <i>New York Herald</i> lists numerous notables leaving for Europe that day aboard six steamships, Mr and Mrs T. M. Bevans amongst them, on the <i>Touraine</i>. Various society pages during November and December 1922 stated that the "noted illustrator" had "returned to America after six years abroad." Where this glaringly false information originated is uncertain, but it wouldn't be beyond Marjorie to rewrite her own history and fabricate such a glamorous story for the press. The 1920 <i>U. S.</i> <i>Federal Census</i> decrees otherwise: Marjorie and her husband, Thomas, were renting an apartment at 129 West 11th Street in Greenwich Village. Other members of the household were their 7-year-old son and Marjorie's widowed mother, as well as a 24-year-old "servant" and a 31-year-old "lodger". A year later, AMERICAN ART ANNUAL (a catalogue of artists) for 1921 gives Marjorie's address as "Hotel Brevoort, 8th and 5th Ave., New York, N.Y." The family moved frequently, but remained denizens of Greenwich Village.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuMw5HV3EvQffK28ZNHsb0JSCB2XbMu7hoM6S1pG7exEltNyogw9na_lditguYccTz26eaUY6J5ciVAtHkeUPKAwjjCRYjt8g1eTjmXDyyovsC6KNrdmoWRNXD0CeVJImsonRnAuzAD8Hs/s1600/marjorie+torre+bevans+1922.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuMw5HV3EvQffK28ZNHsb0JSCB2XbMu7hoM6S1pG7exEltNyogw9na_lditguYccTz26eaUY6J5ciVAtHkeUPKAwjjCRYjt8g1eTjmXDyyovsC6KNrdmoWRNXD0CeVJImsonRnAuzAD8Hs/s400/marjorie+torre+bevans+1922.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>You can't believe everything you read: Marjorie Torre Bevans, seen here in November 1922, wasn't a "French illustrator"</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP9CGYUgRoo6y_dDlIoTaknsAn1n7faE89SWk93goT_hh_O05dGEbZz342VjTTQl6OHs3CiOHHipMLEsstfeDaVjjEOWDEswhLeVmH0TqLNLMw4TehwhQKPHkInw8tpFkMDbX4sZJwcXAI/s1600/ladies+home+journal+february+1922+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP9CGYUgRoo6y_dDlIoTaknsAn1n7faE89SWk93goT_hh_O05dGEbZz342VjTTQl6OHs3CiOHHipMLEsstfeDaVjjEOWDEswhLeVmH0TqLNLMw4TehwhQKPHkInw8tpFkMDbX4sZJwcXAI/s400/ladies+home+journal+february+1922+cover.jpg" width="287" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cover for</i> Ladies' Home Journal <i>(February 1922)</i></span></td></tr>
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In 1926 Marjorie copyrighted a play, "The Shimmering Tail; or The Dead Man's Wink, a comedy in 4 acts", under the name <i>M. Torre</i>. Whether this composition was ever published or performed is not known.<br />
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During the 1920s Marjorie took part (along with other local celebrities) in an annual event, the <i>Carnival of Imagination</i>, benefitting the <i>Dr. Mary Halton Endowment for Girls</i>. Marjorie also served on the endowment's board, as secretary. The proceeds from ticket sales for the costumed ball funded hospital beds for hundreds of working girls in New York who couldn't otherwise afford medical care. In 1925 the event was held at the Biltmore on May 1. It was reported that the Queen of the May was to be "Marjorie Torre Bevans, probably the only artist extant who has never been able to draw a lady so beautiful as herself." In 1928 she attended the ball as the Pharaoh's daughter, in an Egyptian dress she undoubtedly designed herself.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR4YIyU6H6GDjl6Qt2ttk54wiOWWl84Soy2Vm5aqdOv0SjQbcmSbOzxaRzmQJbfwvuIxCh_xCygdbwVevXWlpthZJU9io8cbYTprPHIQpIhir282XKdYht-YQsf8fi-Wctr2Pb4Dri0KfP/s1600/mccall%2527s+august+1921.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR4YIyU6H6GDjl6Qt2ttk54wiOWWl84Soy2Vm5aqdOv0SjQbcmSbOzxaRzmQJbfwvuIxCh_xCygdbwVevXWlpthZJU9io8cbYTprPHIQpIhir282XKdYht-YQsf8fi-Wctr2Pb4Dri0KfP/s400/mccall%2527s+august+1921.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cover for</i> McCall's <i>magazine (August 1921)</i></span></td></tr>
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The fashion illustrator known as "Torre Bevans" was something of a New York celebrity, and seemed to revel in the spotlight, as little as it was. But, beginning in the 1930s, <i>Marjorie Torrey</i>, the children's book illustrator, shunned any personal publicity, becoming more and more obscure as the years went by.<br />
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It's unknown when her marriage to Tom Bevans ended, but in the 1930s she found a new kindred spirit named Roy Chanslor. Roy was born August 25, 1899, and was 11 years younger than Marjorie, though it's possible he never knew it. Radicals attracted Marjorie in her youth, and 20 years later Roy was no exception. He was born in Clay County, Missouri, and began a career in journalism on the student newspaper at the University of California, Berkeley.<br />
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April 1922 saw the release of THE LAUGHING HORSE, a small press publication ("Limited Edition of 500 Copies Printed on Genuine Wrapping Paper", at the hefty price of 25 cents each) of "satire, burlesque and all around destructive criticism", whose main target was the educational system in general, and the University of California in particular. It was published anonymously, until issue number 4, when it was revealed that Roy Chanslor (who held the copyright), Willard "Spud" Johnson and James Van Rensselaer, Jr. were the culprits behind the radical magazine. But some of the contents of this issue -- an excerpt from a book by Upton Sinclair scathingly criticising the University of California and its president, and a contribution by D. H. Lawrence -- got Roy, the only one of the editors actually enrolled at the University -- in trouble. The scandal made the papers nationwide. What happened next was described by Rensselaer, Jr. in a 1922 article for THE TEMPEST: "A self-appointed delegation of students visited all the book stands where the magazine was on sale and demanded that the proprietors take it off." They also demanded the district attorney take legal action. The D.A. "promptly swore out a warrant and had Chanslor arrested. The bail was fixed at $500 but was later reduced to $250. When the trial came up our lawyer discovered a technical error in the warrant and the case was dismissed."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjOWfCQeBfYurCTRiXUkCMEZ6uPg2RwVhSEk-1Vjn-s-PTuPZKo7K6v26jQQ1vzIOADOZvQ-KH50L6g9p1AS9VuUFpEbp9467iMQGXfe0KagTtzEePjtDX0ta76qifZVMbvvgWdnQ58w0j/s1600/blue+and+gold+1924+roy+chanslor.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="382" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjOWfCQeBfYurCTRiXUkCMEZ6uPg2RwVhSEk-1Vjn-s-PTuPZKo7K6v26jQQ1vzIOADOZvQ-KH50L6g9p1AS9VuUFpEbp9467iMQGXfe0KagTtzEePjtDX0ta76qifZVMbvvgWdnQ58w0j/s400/blue+and+gold+1924+roy+chanslor.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The University of California's </i>Blue and Gold <i>yearbook for 1924 mercilessly mocked Roy Chanslor in their "Depredation"</i></span></td></tr>
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The printer had also been arrested and released. Still, Roy was expelled from the University less than six months before graduation. The expulsion was unfair, he felt, since the magazine wasn't a college publication. "Some people may not like the ideas expressed in the magazine, but that does not constitute impropriety or obscenity." The May 15, 1923 issue of THE TEMPEST mentioned that Roy Chanslor would be leaving for Europe the next week. "The authorities at California didn't seem to like him." He moved to Paris.<br />
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When he returned to America, Roy worked in New York and Washington as a reporter, sports writer and proofreader. He also reviewed movies and books. After his stint in journalism, Roy began writing screenplays for Hollywood pictures in the early 1930s. He wrote scripts, stories, dialogue and additional material for some 60 movies over the next three decades. He also wrote dime novels, starting with LOWDOWN (1931). Later efforts, JOHNNY GUITAR (1953) and CAT BALLOU (1956), were both made into movies (the latter posthumously), though neither brought Roy any personal fame.<br />
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The original story for THE GIRL ON THE FRONT PAGE (1936) was credited to Roy and Marjorie Chanslor. It was probably Marjorie's only attempt at writing for the movies, but it seems her association with Roy brought her into contact with others in the trade. According to an April 30, 1935 newspaper article, she was fined for an incident the day before at a Sunset Strip nightclub frequented by movie stars:<br />
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"Mrs. Marjorie Chanslor must pay $1,450 for hurling a cocktail glass at Lon Young, screen writer, at last New Year's Eve celebration at the Cafe Trocadero in Hollywood, Commissioner K .L. Kauffman ruled today. In awarding the judgment, Commissioner Kauffman divided the damages as $250 for loss of work by Young, $200 for medical services, $750 compensatory damages, and $250 by way of punishment."<br />
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It's hard to reconcile such a secretive woman with the rather conspicuous one making a scene in a Hollywood nightclub.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFqDcfuKTMM_VW9Hr_YYoxxFZge6890RLb-hJZ6LEdt4ChSl6ZzezjzmoYA-85l_YUxlPRneBj-Zq5HLbXw7UJoh3YJ4RHYNMWxh_ry5UtRsLHTH53nwyoSyujZ9LzjQRuvokbLSH_YYue/s1600/children%2527s+spring+book+festival+poster%252C+circa+1950.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFqDcfuKTMM_VW9Hr_YYoxxFZge6890RLb-hJZ6LEdt4ChSl6ZzezjzmoYA-85l_YUxlPRneBj-Zq5HLbXw7UJoh3YJ4RHYNMWxh_ry5UtRsLHTH53nwyoSyujZ9LzjQRuvokbLSH_YYue/s400/children%2527s+spring+book+festival+poster%252C+circa+1950.JPG" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Children's Spring Book Festival poster</span></i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLojaf91i3lre5hryI1AH35DDxGNZRrAqFdQAlBwiauZHJKFKinig8-FKDdHNiucjNvhVCtHv_PUQmOfJqxkr8yhSHCRszYz8vMaB3B7bvki20M-uFs7aHHLjD9lmnXGM-hBRnHV9R0hpp/s1600/sarah%2527s+idea+5th.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLojaf91i3lre5hryI1AH35DDxGNZRrAqFdQAlBwiauZHJKFKinig8-FKDdHNiucjNvhVCtHv_PUQmOfJqxkr8yhSHCRszYz8vMaB3B7bvki20M-uFs7aHHLjD9lmnXGM-hBRnHV9R0hpp/s400/sarah%2527s+idea+5th.jpg" width="273" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sarah's Idea <i>(1938)</i></span></td></tr>
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Fortunately, Marjorie had already found her true calling: children's books. She used the name Marjorie Torrey for SARAH'S IDEA (1938), written by Doris Gates.<br />
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Having parents who were both illustrators, it isn't surprising that Tom Torre Bevans developed into an artist himself. He supplied the illustrations for FATHER'S DOING NICELY (1938), written by David Victor, and for WHERE, OH, WHERE? (1939), a children's book which he also wrote. He joined publishers Simon and Shuster in 1939, and was promoted to vice-president in charge of production in 1947. In 1950 he defected to Random House, where he was director of art and production. His field of expertise was in designing books and covers. Keeping art in the family, in 1938 he married Margaret Van Doren, a children's book illustrator, whose father, Carl Van Doren, would win a Pulitzer Prize for his biography on Benjamin Franklin a year later, and whose mother was Irita Bradford, editor of the <i>New York Herald Tribune</i> for almost four decades.<br />
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1940 saw the publication of OUR FIRST MURDER, a detective novel which Marjorie wrote as Torrey Chanslor. It introduced elderly sisters Amanda and Lutie Beagle, who inherit their brother's detective agency. A sequel, OUR SECOND MURDER, followed in 1941. She also illustrated the covers of both books. The novels were almost immediately reprinted in the Gold Seal Novel series, an 11" x 14" Sunday supplement to <i>The Philadelphia Inquirer</i>, which ran from 1934 to 1949. A theatrical version of OUR FIRST MURDER, written for the stage by Robert Presnell, and to star ZaSu Pitts, was announced in 1940 in film trade magazines, and its debut was promised at various times in 1942, but it doesn't seem to have materialised.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVM3rx_87Hv_4OwNPSM3MGmOugXoDNCj0vlX5yd-RGnFuIKGJGHG6VIP7mBo0jfT6qYc0Gu6RQBsx8L9HYADUWqJnYOM8sGCNzLyceA13yuCyCPSe2sizrgLzvLjLzdzQi-2VKNbUsqFhV/s1600/philadelphia+inquirer+-+our+first+murder+%25281941%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVM3rx_87Hv_4OwNPSM3MGmOugXoDNCj0vlX5yd-RGnFuIKGJGHG6VIP7mBo0jfT6qYc0Gu6RQBsx8L9HYADUWqJnYOM8sGCNzLyceA13yuCyCPSe2sizrgLzvLjLzdzQi-2VKNbUsqFhV/s400/philadelphia+inquirer+-+our+first+murder+%25281941%2529.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Our First Murder", reprinted in</i> The Philadelphia Inquirer<i>, February 9, 1941, with a cover very similar to Marjorie's original design; "Our Second Murder" appeared in the October 12, 1941 issue; both bore covers by Ben Dale</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwvmG_8KcIfbj5tvvW9y5om1IDXeEwI9oW9cPtVbjALOIeZHlZEyFAOsvwXE_XZoCDRnuTTytFIx2Ypf5iprP2Ukjmc9rD3gV2C_bN2zmSlyC0FDfwwUoHfcpZ-tZ5Oq4KdmmA_zbYzhGd/s1600/our+second+murder+dj.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwvmG_8KcIfbj5tvvW9y5om1IDXeEwI9oW9cPtVbjALOIeZHlZEyFAOsvwXE_XZoCDRnuTTytFIx2Ypf5iprP2Ukjmc9rD3gV2C_bN2zmSlyC0FDfwwUoHfcpZ-tZ5Oq4KdmmA_zbYzhGd/s400/our+second+murder+dj.jpg" width="358" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Marjorie's cover for</i> Our Second Murder <i>(1941), written as Torrey Chanslor</i></span></td></tr>
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Marjorie had a studio in her home in Encino, California, as well as a "special hideaway" in which to write, but she preferred working in a corner of the large living room, amidst the hustle and bustle of activity. She was still a nighthawk, drawing and painting until dawn.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgCGGh36lj_olBpeLc0mDjRNs8rrabtQqT3sExlgFJsIIej0r2bPopkudHtIxC1OmzG2YGHoFbyG_PQ9wo8ewvgbanloiCO6SAUF2n9g2xKYvrYVZ8HjKrx61DomNYunnlJn310mW9I0da/s1600/sensible+kate+1st+edition.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgCGGh36lj_olBpeLc0mDjRNs8rrabtQqT3sExlgFJsIIej0r2bPopkudHtIxC1OmzG2YGHoFbyG_PQ9wo8ewvgbanloiCO6SAUF2n9g2xKYvrYVZ8HjKrx61DomNYunnlJn310mW9I0da/s400/sensible+kate+1st+edition.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sensible Kate <i>(1943)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQV1_WiiMzYyfXXlvI0SY8EBMBsuxpnyzZ972zSk-bmcCWmosnMcqak7g7cWkfJKQIcDaPKCT_aRpGHhgxrvVBK-NhU6I6Urt8lJlyy9K9CrL8uQwkW8QEWtvGJ70XfWJfMj5hT6ADYLMl/s1600/far+from+marborough+street+1944.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQV1_WiiMzYyfXXlvI0SY8EBMBsuxpnyzZ972zSk-bmcCWmosnMcqak7g7cWkfJKQIcDaPKCT_aRpGHhgxrvVBK-NhU6I6Urt8lJlyy9K9CrL8uQwkW8QEWtvGJ70XfWJfMj5hT6ADYLMl/s400/far+from+marborough+street+1944.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Far From Marlborough Street <i>(1944)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNeaS1f2H1XtVaOQ6NgFKicq6ZQfNA67O1eIwRGFRw2v3qpEpqkFPE1YgRwvtYzHTonT74ckhQVODE_Ure2n_XXlyBvX3lSkaFOfUO3OQxyHcLzZaqapFstEz5aEBCXaJLkVSpxxCYKQxE/s1600/penny+1944+1st+ed.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNeaS1f2H1XtVaOQ6NgFKicq6ZQfNA67O1eIwRGFRw2v3qpEpqkFPE1YgRwvtYzHTonT74ckhQVODE_Ure2n_XXlyBvX3lSkaFOfUO3OQxyHcLzZaqapFstEz5aEBCXaJLkVSpxxCYKQxE/s400/penny+1944+1st+ed.JPG" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Penny <i>(1944)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgxvljwaeWVv-mUacibKj2jwECfQE45p5NcYl7q9Xsw8nb9MAGbn8nHIau_SJYm7YgrnIsuTYKp9YwhFBWpjrfBqMcx-UMw-Zben1FZKCTtgDDF3TO1GyfECohRQsZomFJMt-SAacMfS0U/s1600/artie+and+the+princess+1945.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgxvljwaeWVv-mUacibKj2jwECfQE45p5NcYl7q9Xsw8nb9MAGbn8nHIau_SJYm7YgrnIsuTYKp9YwhFBWpjrfBqMcx-UMw-Zben1FZKCTtgDDF3TO1GyfECohRQsZomFJMt-SAacMfS0U/s400/artie+and+the+princess+1945.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Artie and the Princess <i>(1945)</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhThlrk_HFbktjyPfdRfH_FGIoLjHs2wey_nIWdSRaV6MOuAt2nSsonaDTdvZv0w1b6oxwOc12VNwAN5y05Gy0OKxuw_9xG5EY3PRBXHaEcWHuVLCUgEWj2PQpumnnW6ISIN4fTf4JfHYZg/s1600/artie+and+the+princess+-+life+magazine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="983" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhThlrk_HFbktjyPfdRfH_FGIoLjHs2wey_nIWdSRaV6MOuAt2nSsonaDTdvZv0w1b6oxwOc12VNwAN5y05Gy0OKxuw_9xG5EY3PRBXHaEcWHuVLCUgEWj2PQpumnnW6ISIN4fTf4JfHYZg/s400/artie+and+the+princess+-+life+magazine.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girl reaching for <i>Artie and the Princess</i>; photo by Al Fenn, for <i>Life</i> magazine, 1946</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbTOkyv3igSES70gPIIFHev8KwHq1iCL7dLmxAU7G7E2pbM371MBw9ySp8s0bOAXv13ho82bUUA_YF9UhMEKjlmt86kefQ6RMMXLhTKtFTiJncaf3JL2vg8mB7Uw0p8creHWdiS2jXJpPC/s1600/merriweathers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbTOkyv3igSES70gPIIFHev8KwHq1iCL7dLmxAU7G7E2pbM371MBw9ySp8s0bOAXv13ho82bUUA_YF9UhMEKjlmt86kefQ6RMMXLhTKtFTiJncaf3JL2vg8mB7Uw0p8creHWdiS2jXJpPC/s400/merriweathers.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Merriweathers <i>(1949)</i></span></td></tr>
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The 1940s proved to be a productive period for Marjorie. She wrote and illustrated four children's books: PENNY (1944), ARTIE AND THE PRINCESS (1945), THREE LITTLE CHIPMUNKS (1947), and THE MERRIWEATHERS (1949). In addition, she collaborated once again with writer Doris Gates on two more children's books: SENSIBLE KATE (1943), and TROUBLE FOR JERRY (1944), a sort of sequel to SARAH'S IDEA. She also illustrated FAR FROM MARLBOROUGH STREET (1944), written by Elizabeth Philbrook. But her two most beloved books were SING MOTHER GOOSE (1945) and SING IN PRAISE (1946), both written by Opal Wheeler. Marjorie's colour and black & white illustrations for these two delightful books were rewarded with an honour by the Caldecott Medal awards for best children's picture books. Unfortunately, she didn't win the coveted medal itself.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6L6ZSAV8RPVsliIBhUqM3-pBCVoeq_fNH_cUBLjZhjS3kbJsjO88wmTfbi4CsqSdUpYjamzhymuy5fk63ag7UviuQuqpIOPRqH93Ae46bX2mgYj8YiSIU0FamK4nK3XWlEparG78JyqKR/s1600/sings+mother+goose.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6L6ZSAV8RPVsliIBhUqM3-pBCVoeq_fNH_cUBLjZhjS3kbJsjO88wmTfbi4CsqSdUpYjamzhymuy5fk63ag7UviuQuqpIOPRqH93Ae46bX2mgYj8YiSIU0FamK4nK3XWlEparG78JyqKR/s400/sings+mother+goose.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sing Mother Goose <i>(1945)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv0tPMmZWw3BH3PUjxKaQhA1hyphenhyphen5-zC_yqrXzqVfgSttT0DogGeDKsDjRokrAd7aSJsTl_UbV4Nm2v7Rnv84uDTuB6k4-Cuxi3wBqV_4ha6CwuExJStZ-ZU-_amj_A_q7cidBCviD-6ZhJL/s1600/little+bo+peep.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv0tPMmZWw3BH3PUjxKaQhA1hyphenhyphen5-zC_yqrXzqVfgSttT0DogGeDKsDjRokrAd7aSJsTl_UbV4Nm2v7Rnv84uDTuB6k4-Cuxi3wBqV_4ha6CwuExJStZ-ZU-_amj_A_q7cidBCviD-6ZhJL/s400/little+bo+peep.jpg" width="307" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Little Bo Peep, from</i> Sing Mother Goose</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Z9Ng0ZvkFXlfYAPjns1nIDTzKUnxp4kgZPkC-xc-xpOkUQu528oKFMmeudu1tFq5c2UgiRt7A8EjGjtjNsAA0vwyoGwQhsC5mLd3ezk1RCgBiep48-7kEr1Mu2xhokmM_yvi2SN4YHQa/s1600/there+was+an+old+woman+1945+from+mg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Z9Ng0ZvkFXlfYAPjns1nIDTzKUnxp4kgZPkC-xc-xpOkUQu528oKFMmeudu1tFq5c2UgiRt7A8EjGjtjNsAA0vwyoGwQhsC5mLd3ezk1RCgBiep48-7kEr1Mu2xhokmM_yvi2SN4YHQa/s400/there+was+an+old+woman+1945+from+mg.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"There was an old woman tossed up in a basket...", from </i>Sing Mother Goose</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCDvBLW_LDJfozGgRjdSb33PuFT-ElueGhnnfXnTR6RGOALfVRCFDLNyH9086ziOwuyIo9tk2WU80SJW3EvuTQjzqJnLZhyphenhyphen478nwY3g-bS9cRDuO0jyxDuvl0hizgYCn-b7VSppIZfOWr3/s1600/hot+cross+buns+1945+smg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCDvBLW_LDJfozGgRjdSb33PuFT-ElueGhnnfXnTR6RGOALfVRCFDLNyH9086ziOwuyIo9tk2WU80SJW3EvuTQjzqJnLZhyphenhyphen478nwY3g-bS9cRDuO0jyxDuvl0hizgYCn-b7VSppIZfOWr3/s400/hot+cross+buns+1945+smg.jpg" width="317" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Hot cross buns, from</i> Sing Mother Goose</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU6KKWLC5-xz6Sd9REN8Wm_5JHsMqKF6HVTOpS3N2YkqbqP77Gxay3g6oa1yzMAW88CHy-7z-t38jd0vGLKIDWmn36Y6JIul8IbZvqWELiUkNakauATzhIRNXAxkwY6sxjzuygiTn3menA/s1600/sing+in+praise+1946+1st+ed.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU6KKWLC5-xz6Sd9REN8Wm_5JHsMqKF6HVTOpS3N2YkqbqP77Gxay3g6oa1yzMAW88CHy-7z-t38jd0vGLKIDWmn36Y6JIul8IbZvqWELiUkNakauATzhIRNXAxkwY6sxjzuygiTn3menA/s400/sing+in+praise+1946+1st+ed.JPG" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sing in Praise <i>(1946)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl_4bhCa6RHt5Sv_CqpFA8NSsmagO9vdSHqewHxZK_WrJ0enYhb2fv_WffB8yOeKv6Min023l6Gyr9fjnkokJsXvzLNX_8Pwr1YhVV4Sycop9Q83eW2-zgnUixtN_fCuwIYzeecmdCpw89/s1600/sing+in+praise+carolling.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl_4bhCa6RHt5Sv_CqpFA8NSsmagO9vdSHqewHxZK_WrJ0enYhb2fv_WffB8yOeKv6Min023l6Gyr9fjnkokJsXvzLNX_8Pwr1YhVV4Sycop9Q83eW2-zgnUixtN_fCuwIYzeecmdCpw89/s400/sing+in+praise+carolling.jpg" width="305" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Carolling, from</i> Sing in Praise</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe5iS7ysM2BE3cP7CO9VjrBQe9HKQFyi47uMPDh7Nv-k0AIF3rtWdiQIeMNKaWGHScDN2DtCSiBfI-ivsTs_3RCnFYMuoGZNvpQlTRgcb3PW-L88DNeg0JDyTFB0ps0BhofN7f0Xie62oT/s1600/sing+in+praise+illo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe5iS7ysM2BE3cP7CO9VjrBQe9HKQFyi47uMPDh7Nv-k0AIF3rtWdiQIeMNKaWGHScDN2DtCSiBfI-ivsTs_3RCnFYMuoGZNvpQlTRgcb3PW-L88DNeg0JDyTFB0ps0BhofN7f0Xie62oT/s400/sing+in+praise+illo.jpg" width="310" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> Sing in Praise</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge3nl_bxyIIcVqvUlE4R-upre5Ecbq7hzKtsVqKiLAtfKvS6FRSFknoBiPHCOcGagh99e7mfozZDZfqtuky3eOgJlQl0j7Qu5_QmoqqMNGn4UgYoxYa5Y5tKB0YgQWZMe4bs_rR0bYXQpo/s1600/sing+in+praise+winter+wonderland+1946.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge3nl_bxyIIcVqvUlE4R-upre5Ecbq7hzKtsVqKiLAtfKvS6FRSFknoBiPHCOcGagh99e7mfozZDZfqtuky3eOgJlQl0j7Qu5_QmoqqMNGn4UgYoxYa5Y5tKB0YgQWZMe4bs_rR0bYXQpo/s400/sing+in+praise+winter+wonderland+1946.jpg" width="295" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Illustration from</i> Sing in Praise</span></td></tr>
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Marjorie's two detective novels weren't her only excursion into the adult field. 1952 saw the publication of SATURDAY NIGHT IS MY DELIGHT, which she published under the name <i>Torrey Hood</i>. She supplied the cover illustration.<br />
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She also illustrated FAIRING WEATHER (1955), a children's novel written by Elspeth Bragdon, and FAVORITE NURSERY SONGS (1956), compiled by Phyllis Brown Ohanian, which was reprinted in an abridged version in 1966, with a new cover.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB14VE9TjYSsYubW8yJbvD9DzGOI2JTU0_o9_Xl0JqfbyaRr8wQKuPTgbfGDVYcebfd-4WiiUqfiM4WtAuwfDLWN7w_uBy00oK_FAF7Y2tYbcTgK2nDQmptQIppNM8uLwKvjLNo4-wxddf/s1600/fairing+weather+1955+torrey+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1130" data-original-width="800" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB14VE9TjYSsYubW8yJbvD9DzGOI2JTU0_o9_Xl0JqfbyaRr8wQKuPTgbfGDVYcebfd-4WiiUqfiM4WtAuwfDLWN7w_uBy00oK_FAF7Y2tYbcTgK2nDQmptQIppNM8uLwKvjLNo4-wxddf/s400/fairing+weather+1955+torrey+2.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fairing Weather <i>(1955)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW557-1P3Vy2AWY12TF6-fhWEd9vQRezSaG9RnTP5KirN5XWMITfssQaNFL8rosfndO9wtMecrXA0TGcloLg7Y7RjoYpyjrK4l7sNpEf6GqTzbtXv4QFYT9MCUrHJ-WTmMyO053HVeWCNr/s1600/favorite+nursery+songs+1956.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW557-1P3Vy2AWY12TF6-fhWEd9vQRezSaG9RnTP5KirN5XWMITfssQaNFL8rosfndO9wtMecrXA0TGcloLg7Y7RjoYpyjrK4l7sNpEf6GqTzbtXv4QFYT9MCUrHJ-WTmMyO053HVeWCNr/s400/favorite+nursery+songs+1956.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Favorite Nursery Songs <i>(1956)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPbA8OrY8Kb8_pXAKChljv7iuzTOU-hkvWzgzz8ooOI0uhr7dfnjiu5s5Y-8XJ_flS-m5YbHFANHhR8uUJIIfyrJXUbd4I5kgY2jZBSq1MOhYgJQOo0ZjaS9R096EI120bxmpsjxysAwbs/s1600/favorite+nursery+songs+-+lazy+mary.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPbA8OrY8Kb8_pXAKChljv7iuzTOU-hkvWzgzz8ooOI0uhr7dfnjiu5s5Y-8XJ_flS-m5YbHFANHhR8uUJIIfyrJXUbd4I5kgY2jZBSq1MOhYgJQOo0ZjaS9R096EI120bxmpsjxysAwbs/s400/favorite+nursery+songs+-+lazy+mary.jpg" width="307" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Lazy Mary, from</i> Favorite Nursery Songs</span></td></tr>
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Still, the 1950s was a less productive decade for Marjorie, and though she was aging the artist was at the peak of her powers, blessing us with her two greatest artistic achievements: ALICE IN WONDERLAND (1955), and PETER PAN (1957), which would prove to be her swan song. Both books were abridged by Josette Frank. Marjorie's enthusiasm for the classic material is evident throughout. Each illustration is a masterpiece of storytelling. The real world melts away, drawing the reader into every scene. It's easy to imagine that Lewis Carroll and J. M. Barrie would have been most pleased with the illustrations for their books.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEucLhhniAuz5Hv8hqyL9nrAKI9pYJPfEqFLzJW_Pjui1vazc3_Ylxdz9RfCE8A6_8GIYcDsvLuBT6XZkn1jvlZNaF4vuJoBPkQop56JYhC_C-zvqsQY2hvitMEFqX_bzqhSBiK3bG8N2f/s1600/alice+in+wonderland+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEucLhhniAuz5Hv8hqyL9nrAKI9pYJPfEqFLzJW_Pjui1vazc3_Ylxdz9RfCE8A6_8GIYcDsvLuBT6XZkn1jvlZNaF4vuJoBPkQop56JYhC_C-zvqsQY2hvitMEFqX_bzqhSBiK3bG8N2f/s400/alice+in+wonderland+2.jpg" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Alice in Wonderland <i>(1955), by Lewis Carroll</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj5sFoWsVs37uczKDS1iNGdRkvTg69UWKQFs2X3qs4PBJrGiWLajE8rfPjfEYYxRkyfu-cpXm40ZhEPBgi-CnUMFpcbmX2wbLNE_pCRqt0FUFB7q95oh4X-faS_LOmCJ9ff7-g8ERZRZi1/s1600/down%252C+down%252C+down.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj5sFoWsVs37uczKDS1iNGdRkvTg69UWKQFs2X3qs4PBJrGiWLajE8rfPjfEYYxRkyfu-cpXm40ZhEPBgi-CnUMFpcbmX2wbLNE_pCRqt0FUFB7q95oh4X-faS_LOmCJ9ff7-g8ERZRZi1/s400/down%252C+down%252C+down.jpg" width="142" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Down, down, down...", from</i> Alice in Wonderland</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQp9uxXF7FraZpw8lrlNpHMyO49N3fOxNfg-E2gHM3AXESS0u_yRYtG0jvf0tulY-FajjLdzr0nmEHv2103fpYMza3TOkR3B0wNYD45nCguXU9K1IqIlthGIUChSWigmiKUkC8dltA7qNC/s1600/drink+me.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQp9uxXF7FraZpw8lrlNpHMyO49N3fOxNfg-E2gHM3AXESS0u_yRYtG0jvf0tulY-FajjLdzr0nmEHv2103fpYMza3TOkR3B0wNYD45nCguXU9K1IqIlthGIUChSWigmiKUkC8dltA7qNC/s400/drink+me.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Drink me, from</i> Alice in Wonderland</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaD9QevCGFK7UAqR93AY-2S60dmv6Pd3gCRZRmvhnT0IM1IZl3I_pTCqps_Bdpl68Qtp6o_GdIFQuawRtLLmRMGjGrhHUaAdBW1fOKEZrjv7u3ca-ZTXU9do9CCqfCp_4-h4zaNQaETRAD/s1600/caucus+race.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaD9QevCGFK7UAqR93AY-2S60dmv6Pd3gCRZRmvhnT0IM1IZl3I_pTCqps_Bdpl68Qtp6o_GdIFQuawRtLLmRMGjGrhHUaAdBW1fOKEZrjv7u3ca-ZTXU9do9CCqfCp_4-h4zaNQaETRAD/s400/caucus+race.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A caucus race, from</i> Alice in Wonderland</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg952a_gjWPfIW9ih-X6N99QFqScdJB2WS-c53y-ZUc277PO_lNOYEa4ybk9S2EZs_gDnCJnnJSCiAThPoLfBsH_lsG-74e-HntrIupfkJFrRJ3gu1QLB_dsKrhc8dePUDhrAMrujNaJ0Je/s1600/alice+and+the+cheshire+cat.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg952a_gjWPfIW9ih-X6N99QFqScdJB2WS-c53y-ZUc277PO_lNOYEa4ybk9S2EZs_gDnCJnnJSCiAThPoLfBsH_lsG-74e-HntrIupfkJFrRJ3gu1QLB_dsKrhc8dePUDhrAMrujNaJ0Je/s400/alice+and+the+cheshire+cat.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cheshire cat, from</i> Alice in Wonderland</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiL9aGd3SOlIihbIG8dERyvpphT7XDnnoo0S0C9Myp-AgZEpRT5VuSezKJACNKwrKDqfmwfBJNCmFjBukOPa9zKDkX5fJ6WiGUt2KDQJDErKT-0McyhxAJsGomDZpyaeL9OW7F60dFiH14/s1600/peter+pan+1957.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiL9aGd3SOlIihbIG8dERyvpphT7XDnnoo0S0C9Myp-AgZEpRT5VuSezKJACNKwrKDqfmwfBJNCmFjBukOPa9zKDkX5fJ6WiGUt2KDQJDErKT-0McyhxAJsGomDZpyaeL9OW7F60dFiH14/s400/peter+pan+1957.JPG" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Peter Pan <i>(1957)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBXCj-AdvnnR2QA0UPGT-E6mWH_kEWMGBIUW5yr2Q5NfgNbRSCYeCExCTKGEHrBDGj6HxKqkIquVqa65MmQs7fd7-9jlmAmFVpH-Bo77tMLXLAXTBsa9z2y8Q4EoH4IS8eVY-ywQ54Z_dO/s1600/peter+and+wendy+shadow.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBXCj-AdvnnR2QA0UPGT-E6mWH_kEWMGBIUW5yr2Q5NfgNbRSCYeCExCTKGEHrBDGj6HxKqkIquVqa65MmQs7fd7-9jlmAmFVpH-Bo77tMLXLAXTBsa9z2y8Q4EoH4IS8eVY-ywQ54Z_dO/s400/peter+and+wendy+shadow.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Wendy sews on Peter's shadow, from</i> Peter Pan</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIZ56YinGbFXO26R6_fwVFX9rdNuUuEdxgkl1Aa0xhNJ9T_Xw3QMkQ7PhzCRZvD08_E5ZqclCrjIvQn_SYzn5frNKSVLZ1jvuTI3cQdYw-5bH-oUGxPVKoOXqe_JzqpzUpOFTobIGnytte/s1600/the+darling+children.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIZ56YinGbFXO26R6_fwVFX9rdNuUuEdxgkl1Aa0xhNJ9T_Xw3QMkQ7PhzCRZvD08_E5ZqclCrjIvQn_SYzn5frNKSVLZ1jvuTI3cQdYw-5bH-oUGxPVKoOXqe_JzqpzUpOFTobIGnytte/s400/the+darling+children.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Teaching the Darling children to fly, from</i> Peter Pan</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmIr_VfKOZblOb6Ut_uzoPJ5W2GxJWV1-YhTPa4PY-37uBjI-MZfZteWmHtgXNC3sMfjsQYtenRa_Tch4HSyLBA9XennZGD4ZmAd94r2j5zBpoQWjV6dISybT5gBLha7oXzunOLJZTH_BQ/s1600/peter+and+wendy+arrow.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmIr_VfKOZblOb6Ut_uzoPJ5W2GxJWV1-YhTPa4PY-37uBjI-MZfZteWmHtgXNC3sMfjsQYtenRa_Tch4HSyLBA9XennZGD4ZmAd94r2j5zBpoQWjV6dISybT5gBLha7oXzunOLJZTH_BQ/s400/peter+and+wendy+arrow.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Wendy fluttered to the ground, with an arrow in her breast...", from</i> Peter Pan</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Peter kills Captain Hook, from</i> Peter Pan</span></td></tr>
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At 69, Marjorie may have been ready to retire. Or it could be that she felt no desire to pick up her pencils and paint brushes after her divorce from Roy, to whom she'd been married some 20 years. But Roy soon married again, to Elayne Hopper, whose husband, writer James M. Hopper, who was much older than she, died in August of 1956. In 1957 Elayne renewed the copyright on some of her late husband's stories, as Elayne Hopper, and in 1958 as Elayne Hopper Chanslor.<br />
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Though he and his wife Elayne had a home in Carmel, California, Roy Chanslor was temporarily living in an apartment in New York City when he died of a heart attack April 16, 1964, at the age of 64. He was there working on a movie script.<br />
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Marjorie died only a few months later. The September 4, 1964 New York Times obituary was terse: "CHANSLOR - Marjorie Torrey (Marjorie Torrey Bevans). If you think of sending flowers, please keep them and look at them with a thought of her. She wanted no service and there will be none." Marjorie's last wishes were typical of her discreet nature. Her death, like her life, was cloaked in secrecy. Did the New York Times even know who this once "noted illustrator" was?<br />
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In 1966, Tom Torre Bevans started renewing copyrights on some of his mother's books. In 1991, he and his wife Margaret founded The Cornwall Chronicle, a monthly newspaper for the small town of West Cornwall, Connecticut. Margaret died July 14, 1993. Tom Torre Bevans died December 16, 2003.<br />
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One can only speculate as to why Marjorie employed so may pseudonyms throughout her career, all of them variations on her name: Marjorie Hood, Marjory Hood, Margery Hood, Marjorie Bevans, Marjory Bevans, Torre Bevans, M. T. Bevans, M. Torre, Marjorie Chanslor, Torrey Chanslor, Torrey Hood, Marjorie Torrey, etc. The mendacity began at a very young age, and she remained elusive all her life, and even in death. But she needn't be forgotten.<br />
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<br />Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-67101589892434983112016-01-17T23:58:00.001-05:002020-08-14T20:46:50.369-04:00Lewis Carroll versus Mrs Grundy<div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Lewis Carroll (January 27, 1832-January 14, 1898), polishing his camera lens, taken March 28, 1863 by O. G. Rejlander</span></i></td></tr>
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<i>"It was simply a bit of vanity on my part, to fancy that all parents are willing to trust their daughters with me..."</i> (Lewis Carroll, to Gertrude Chataway, January 1, 1892)<br />
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Many are of the opinion that Lewis Carroll's attraction to young girls was sexual, while others argue that there's no proof for such allegations. What exactly would constitute "proof"? A confession in Carroll's own handwriting?<br />
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Accusations of pedophilia are part of what Karoline Leach calls the "Carroll Myth", and more recent biographers and scholars have built up a case to support the notion that Carroll had a normal, healthy preference for adult females. As far as popular perception goes, these revisionists are vastly outnumbered. The problem, these new scholars say, is that for more than a century biographers have perpetuated myths about Carroll, based on misinformation, lack of information, and shoddy research, as well as a gross misunderstanding of Victorian attitudes towards child nude photography.<br />
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Another reason cited for the "Carroll Myth" is that four of the thirteen volumes of his diaries are missing: Vol. 1 (1854); Vol. 3 (the last few months of 1855); Vols. 6 & 7 (April 1858 to May 1862). As well, some pages have been cut out from the existing nine volumes. Revisionists speculate that the missing diaries and pages were suppressed or destroyed by Carroll's relatives to conceal his friendships with grown women, some of whom were married, which they feared might be deemed scandalous. However, it's also possible that the family was trying to conceal something else.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Mary Millais, daughter of painter John Everett Millais, one of the founding members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood; taken July 21, 1865 at 7 Cromwell Place, London</span></i></td></tr>
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The Dodgson family was certainly aware of the countless little girls who were Lewis Carroll's frequent companions. Late in 1899, in the magazine LITERATURE, Wilfred Dodgson wrote a letter clarifying the magazine's description of Isa Bowman as Carroll's "adopted niece": "As a matter of fact, my brother had almost a mania for 'adopting' nieces." He also wrote, "I believe I am under the mark in saying that he had something like fifty 'adopted nieces'..." His sister Mary wrote a letter to Carroll in 1893 expressing concern about the rumours and gossip involving his relationships with young girls. Carroll obviously didn't feel compelled to either confirm or deny whatever had been said about him when he replied on September 21, 1893: "The only two tests I now apply to such a question as the having some particular girl-friend as a guest are, first, my own conscience, to settle whether I feel it to be entirely innocent and right, in the sight of God; secondly, the parents of my friend, to settle whether I have their full approval of what I do. You need not be shocked at my being spoken against. Anybody, who is spoken about at all, is sure to be spoken against by somebody..." <br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Carroll at his best: This unusual portrait, of Kathleen Tidy, was taken on her seventh birthday, April 1, 1858. She was born in Ireland, but was living with her grandmother in Littlethorp, Yorkshire, near Ripon, where this picture was taken.</span></i></td></tr>
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Carroll's nephew, Stuart Dodgson Collingwood, published THE LIFE AND LETTERS OF LEWIS CARROLL in 1898, a project he undertook after Carroll died in January of that year. It was quite a feat, since he managed to assemble the 450-page tome in only a few months. The last two chapters of the book (10 and 11) are devoted to Carroll's "child friends". It's possible that Collingwood <i>did</i> feel compelled to explain Carroll's relationship with young girls, for the first seven and a half pages of text for chapter 10 seem a bit defensive. He sums it up at the beginning in just one word, "Love", but afterwards lays it on thick when he carries on about Carroll's "intense admiration, one might almost call it adoration, for the white innocence and uncontaminated spirituality of childhood..." (Collingwood published a second book, THE LEWIS CARROLL PICTURE BOOK, less than a year later, in 1899.)<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"Polly and Flo"; Marion and Florence Terry, younger sisters of actress Ellen Terry, July 14, 1865, Caversham Road, Kentish Town. Carroll enjoyed a life-long friendship with Ellen, who wrote in her autobiography, "He was as fond of me as he could be of anyone over the age of 10."</span></i></td></tr>
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As Collingwood quoted from all of the diaries, it's clear that the four missing volumes disappeared sometime later. In a letter (February 3, 1932) to his cousin Menella, Collingwood wrote, "I don't think I ever had the complete diary, though possibly Uncle Wilfred had it." Leach has been utterly hostile towards Collingwood on this discrepancy: "In fact he had not simply 'had' the missing diaries," she says, "he was very likely one of the last people who had ever seen them. So, we are left wondering why he felt the need to lie about this to his cousin Menella." One wonders why Leach feels Collingwood's statement has to be a "lie". Derek Hudson, in his 1954 biography, LEWIS CARROLL, addressed the same statement with a more rational explanation in a footnote: "Here Collingwood was mistaken..."<br />
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The term "Victorian Child Cult", often used by Hugues Lebailly, has been bandied about so much on the internet, that the casual Carroll reader assumes it was some kind of movement, like Temperance or the Pre-Raphaelites. There was no "Victorian Child Cult". It's also an unfortunate choice of words, as it almost gives the impression of a secret society of pedophiles. One well-meaning person, responding to an open question online about Lewis Carroll, had this to say: "It is documented Carroll was a member of the Victorian Child Cult...Whom [sic] were an organization that took pictures of nude girls as it was not a taboo in their era of society . . ."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Katie Brine, June 16, 1866, Badcock's Yard, Oxford. Her grandfather, Dr. E. B. Pusey, nominated Carroll for Studentship for Christ Church, Christmas Eve, 1852</span></i></td></tr>
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The revisionist argument hinges largely on the theory that the Victorians had a different attitude towards children, that children were viewed as pure and innocent, and that Carroll's nude photos of young girls were simply an artistic expression of such values. They contend that those who believe Carroll's attraction to young girls was sexual are viewing that era through modern, suspicious eyes. "In the same way that people criticise and raise alarms about Dodgson's nude studies, we fail to understand the Victorian way of life, their values and their sensibilities," said Edward Wakeling, in a speech about Carroll and early photography.<br />
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But the revisionists are perceiving a veneration of children that never existed. Any Victorian who had eyes to see or ears to hear was certainly aware of how very many orphaned children were roaming the streets, eking out a survival as beggars, thieves and prostitutes, and of the awful conditions in orphan asylums and work houses. Lord Ashley estimated that there were 30,000 "naked, filthy, roaming lawless and deserted children in London." Most brothels had little girls available for clients with certain tastes, or could at least procure one upon request. Many factories employed children as young as 3, working 12 to 16 hours a day, six days a week. They were beaten to keep awake, fed gruel or a potato for lunch, and many of those little sleepy heads were maimed or killed in the machinery. Children were cheap labour, paid a few pennies a day, some of which was subtracted for food and lodgings, though their lodgings may have been nothing more than a hayloft. Yet the cries of those helpless waifs were so often ignored by the very society that supposedly cherished them so much.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Agnes Florence Price, Badcock's Yard, Oxford, March 24, 1864</i></span></td></tr>
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Even the most insular citizen had only to read Dickens to be aware of the awful conditions which were a horrific reality for so many unfortunate children. Others might have read Henry Mayhew's LONDON LABOUR AND THE LONDON POOR, first published in 1851. This expansive survey of "that part of London...which underlay the pompous urbanity of its fashionable streets and squares", was subsequently revised and expanded till it grew to several volumes, the fourth detailing the lives of prostitutes, thieves and beggars.<br />
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There was also a sensational article about child prostitution, particularly in London, titled "The Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon", written by William T. Stead, who conducted a thorough investigation. It was published in four parts in the PALL MALL GAZETTE. After reading the first part, which appeared July 6, 1885, Carroll wrote a letter the next day to Lord Salisbury attempting to have the articles suppressed: "I would ask you to look at the Pall Mall of last night, and see if it seems to you that the publication...of the most loathsome details of prostitution, is or is not conducive to public morality. If not, the sooner legal steps are taken, the better." <br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Beatrice Henley, daughter of vicar at Putney, July 20, 1864, Lambeth Palace</i></span></td></tr>
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Stead's mission wasn't to eradicate prostitution, but to raise the legal age of consent from 13 to 16, to help eliminate child prostitution, those girls under 16 "being too young in fact to understand the nature of the crime of which they are the unwilling victims". He was encouraged by records kept by the Rescue Society indicating that the number of 12-year-old prostitutes rescued from the streets was halved after the age of consent was raised from 12 to 13 in 1875. (There were 855 girls rescued from 1862 to 1875.) Stead mentioned a report that estimated "that there are no less than 10,000 little girls living in sin in Christian England. I do not know how far that is correct, but there is no doubt as to the existence of a vast and increasing mass of juvenile prostitution."<br />
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One brothel keeper told Stead: "I sent my own daughter out on the streets from my own brothel. I know a couple of very fine little girls now who will be sold before very long. They are bred and trained for the life. They must take the first step some time, and it is bad business not to make as much out of that as possible. Drunken parents often sell their children to brothel keepers. In the East-end, you can always pick up as many fresh girls as you want. In one street in Dalston you might buy a dozen. Sometimes the supply is in excess of the demand..."<br />
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Stead, in his attempts to test how easy it was to procure a young girl, was told that "after champagne and liquors, my old friend G––, M––lane, Hackney, agreed to hand over her own child, a pretty girl of eleven, for £5, if she could get no more."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"Coates"; Annie Coates was the daughter of an employee at Croft Rectory; taken August 1857</span></i></td></tr>
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Most clients were looking for virgins, certified by either a doctor or midwife employed by the brothel. The girls were often trussed up and raped in a secluded room, where their screams couldn't be heard. They were often drugged. One brothel keeper said "A gentleman paid me £13 for the first of her, soon after she came to town. She was asleep when he did it -- sound asleep. To tell the truth, she was drugged. It is often done. I gave her a drowse. It is a mixture of laudanum and something else. Sometimes chloroform is used, but I always used either snuff or laudanum." <br />
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Stead goes into great detail about how girls are lured into prostitution. As lurid as his report seems on the surface, he deemed it necessary, so that other girls wouldn't fall into the same trap, to warn parents who think their child is being sent to a "situation", and to show how these young girls are unwilling and unwitting victims in these insidious schemes, and not in any way responsible for their own "ruin".<br />
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"As a rule," said Stead, "the children who are sent to homes as 'fallen' at the age of ten, eleven, and twelve, are children of prostitutes, bred to the business, and broken in prematurely to their dreadful calling...One child in St. Cyprian's was turned out on to the streets by her mother to earn a living when ten."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGGVW81mVdvD6-i7V3OMSdCoanudWzKKHEFeohYVEGzxpDdG22eW1iAvJAk9002PC6hkAJyVjOs6SZGWxPzpb1EiIMuRQhJZ_9AfAtqZ7R_ObW0Pk58D12uLAH2LzIOQxaL068vndKaLVS/s1600/isabella+%2528ella%2529+maude+drury+1869+chair.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGGVW81mVdvD6-i7V3OMSdCoanudWzKKHEFeohYVEGzxpDdG22eW1iAvJAk9002PC6hkAJyVjOs6SZGWxPzpb1EiIMuRQhJZ_9AfAtqZ7R_ObW0Pk58D12uLAH2LzIOQxaL068vndKaLVS/s400/isabella+%2528ella%2529+maude+drury+1869+chair.jpg" width="243" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Isabella "Ella" Drury, September 1869, Chestnuts, Guildford. Carroll had just met the Drury sisters, Ella, Emmie and Minnie, that year</span></i></td></tr>
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The article made it clear that there were pedophiles rampant in London, as one brothel keeper indicated: "Oh, Mr. ––– is a gentleman who has a great penchant for little girls. I do not know how many I have had to repair after him." It also showed that the clients were from all walks of life: a brothel keeper, who kept a popular house on Mile-end road, said "I once sold a girl twelve years old for £20 to a clergyman, who used to come to my house professedly to distribute tracts."<br />
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Was Carroll worried that Stead's article would cast suspicion on his friendship with young girls? His letter to Lord Salisbury is odd in that he shows a total disregard for the welfare of the young girls, possibly because they were of a lower class and were "ruined". His only concern was that the articles would somehow corrupt young men.<br />
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Carroll was certainly guilty of snobbery. In a letter to Beatrice Hatch, dated February 16, 1894, he wrote: "I should like to know, for curiosity, who that sweet-looking girl was, aged 12, with a red nightcap -- I think she had a younger sister, also with a red nightcap. She was speaking to you when I came up to wish you good-night. I fear I must be content with her name only: the social gulf between us is probably too wide for it to be wise to make friends. Some of my little actress-friends are of a rather lower status than myself. But, below a certain line, it is hardly wise to let a girl have a 'gentleman' friend..."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFHCE9AvFy8BGMJk3gLPMtmRWRNgvKCVY9vBtZ5-xwtpjOX2qrGmiAoV_g2Lyu4sdG0utGPtR1I3-BkXt39AFb1JMGpxYrP4oTIHinh48Wo29PBwXAirnajyfThHBmUOH-upR-IMN0_ERN/s1600/beatrice+hatch.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFHCE9AvFy8BGMJk3gLPMtmRWRNgvKCVY9vBtZ5-xwtpjOX2qrGmiAoV_g2Lyu4sdG0utGPtR1I3-BkXt39AFb1JMGpxYrP4oTIHinh48Wo29PBwXAirnajyfThHBmUOH-upR-IMN0_ERN/s400/beatrice+hatch.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Beatrice "Birdie" Hatch (1866-1947), one of Carroll's favourite models</span></i></td></tr>
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But, more to the point, it's hard to believe that the Victorian attitude towards child nude photography was remarkably different from what it is today. True, nude children were depicted on post cards of the day, but these were taken by professional photographers in studios and meant for public consumption, whereas Carroll was an amateur, whose nude photos of girls were a private matter. The photo of Evelyn Hatch reclining is a far cry from a post card depicting a cherubic cupid with a bow and arrow accompanied by a cute caption. To be fair, some of the nude post cards wouldn't be printed today -- but does the fact that such post cards existed in Carroll's time necessarily mean that his own nude photos were devoid of an erotic element, or that he had no romantic feelings for some of his little models?<br />
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If the Victorians were as accepting of child nudes as we're led to believe, then Carroll should have had no problem obtaining parental consent to take nude photos of young daughters. The fact is, he often had a hard time convincing mothers that his intentions were wholesome and that the result would be an aesthetic portrait suitable for displaying in the home, or at least including in a family album. When broaching the subject he would tread very carefully, and often employed euphemisms for nudity, such as "Eve's original dress" and "absence of drapery". Even in his own diary he used the term "sans habilement". "Oh the trouble I have sometimes had with ladies," Carroll wrote in a letter, discussing rejections and mistrust, "who will give fictitious reasons for things, and, when those break down, invent others, till at last they are driven to speak the truth!" Julia Margaret Cameron, being a woman, likely had an easier time of securing permission to take nude photos of children.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUrOx0Zwisr8_GA-U0yvtUzGFcf5FXT0Js99DezU5zR0koe_Te9lgwOO2XzYJ9KDje1_a688RZjA7kaCQh8yh7rufm-5v7LlmtRThowJ5Ypo4ZzksyjsmVApqz562XU33EFZK4lOHUGRPM/s1600/lucy+tate+1856.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUrOx0Zwisr8_GA-U0yvtUzGFcf5FXT0Js99DezU5zR0koe_Te9lgwOO2XzYJ9KDje1_a688RZjA7kaCQh8yh7rufm-5v7LlmtRThowJ5Ypo4ZzksyjsmVApqz562XU33EFZK4lOHUGRPM/s400/lucy+tate+1856.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Lucy Hutchinson Tate, July 11, 1856, Whitburn; daughter of James Tate, who succeeded his father (also James) as headmaster of Richmond Grammar School, which Carroll attended for about a year and a half, from 1844-1846. Carroll lived at the Tate residence, and wrote to two of his sisters on August 5, 1844 that "there are 7 besides a little girl who came down to dinner the first day, but not since..." Lucy (1842-1873) was the little girl he was referring to. Carroll considered Mr. Tate a "kind old schoolmaster", and stayed in touch with the family long after he left Richmond. </span></i></td></tr>
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"[O]ne hardly sees why the lovely forms of girls should ever be covered up!" wrote Carroll to E. Gertrude Thomson, who provided illustrations for THREE SUNSETS AND OTHER POEMS (1898), Carroll's last book, published posthumously. But he was well aware that not everyone shared his view about art. In a letter of November 26, 1876, he thanked Mrs. Chataway for sending her daughter Gertrude over to be photographed and "in making concessions (much against inclination, I fear) to my rather outre and unconventional notions of art..."<br />
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Carroll wrote to Mrs. E. Hatch on March 14, 1877, to discuss having a nude photo of her daughter Beatrice (Birdie) coloured by a lady named Miss Bond: "But I am shy of asking her the question, people have such different views, and it might be a shock to her feelings if I did so. Would you kindly do it for me?"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJpMNHsqOeH4f_Lnm4A8s7Jmyxc_7-3pLJEjncxQzE-_ilokYUmuHPjin0f9QqvLa8_E7bawxFRIhEY-4cyZ-9q0bybzRbUZVpgpim-uMmuD7afqJbMq_QAHvbr6oi3tf769DMLHYxedHU/s1600/Beatrice+Hatch+chair.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJpMNHsqOeH4f_Lnm4A8s7Jmyxc_7-3pLJEjncxQzE-_ilokYUmuHPjin0f9QqvLa8_E7bawxFRIhEY-4cyZ-9q0bybzRbUZVpgpim-uMmuD7afqJbMq_QAHvbr6oi3tf769DMLHYxedHU/s400/Beatrice+Hatch+chair.jpg" width="242" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Beatrice Hatch, March 24, 1874, Christ Church</span></i></td></tr>
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He wrote a long letter (May 26, 1879) to Mrs. Mayhew asking for permission to photograph her younger daughters Ethel and Janet in the nude (though not ruling out the eldest daughter, Ruth), while recognising that his theories of art were "so out-of-the-way". He even supplied a caveat: "...people will be sure to hear that such pictures have been done, and that they will talk." (Note that he uses the phrase "such pictures".) After several correspondences, Mrs. Mayhew insisted that she be present at the photo sessions as a chaperon. Carroll wrote: "But the fact I have so unfortunately learnt, that you consider your presence essential, which is the same as saying 'I cannot trust you,' has taken away all the pleasure I could have in doing any such pictures, and most of my desire to photograph them again in any way. It is not pleasant to know one is not trusted."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWd22gC9RPGQYvgaxQjzNDHoRt7ccQxx5A38cAZ6ThD-p8-vueEjloROW2ishY4iBZ75hj68lrI0AEJj6uGCEwc3l6SEpYXBuLtM_9R1lmsJtA1yjdFQxgWOg4b-Xu0VNcVWZr3AlgK2K7/s1600/gertrude+chataway%252C+october+26%252C+1876.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1336" data-original-width="1600" height="333" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWd22gC9RPGQYvgaxQjzNDHoRt7ccQxx5A38cAZ6ThD-p8-vueEjloROW2ishY4iBZ75hj68lrI0AEJj6uGCEwc3l6SEpYXBuLtM_9R1lmsJtA1yjdFQxgWOg4b-Xu0VNcVWZr3AlgK2K7/s400/gertrude+chataway%252C+october+26%252C+1876.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Gertrude Chataway, October 26, 1876, Christ Church studio</i></span></td></tr>
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Carroll was offended enough to end the acquaintance. However, many years later he met Margaret Mayhew, who wasn't born until long after the episode mentioned above, and on February 19, 1896 he wrote Mrs. Mayhew asking if she would allow their friendship. Permission was granted. (In an interview, Margaret spoke about the incident that ruptured Carroll's relationship with the Mayhews, saying "...my mother's strict sense of Victorian propriety was shocked, and she refused the request.")<br />
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Carroll also made assurances to parents that the negatives were locked away in a safe, with instructions that they be destroyed upon his death. "I would not like (for the families' sakes) the possibility of their getting into other hands." What hands would those be? Surely not the people who viewed child nudes as an expression of innocence.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK2u1jI6dCa0EM-Bs7MOpoL6HLj5FngqpOa5AuzQMyPyDsPbn1Zk_GkEQ4kKycEcFU9OHdkWUL2nxmc_Hgt_fOMPG7zjMq2umfcfiJ9KdwfQFgBSy-iizF7380EAI9N4MKmafPJqYF8Zfn/s1600/bessie+goundry+1864.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK2u1jI6dCa0EM-Bs7MOpoL6HLj5FngqpOa5AuzQMyPyDsPbn1Zk_GkEQ4kKycEcFU9OHdkWUL2nxmc_Hgt_fOMPG7zjMq2umfcfiJ9KdwfQFgBSy-iizF7380EAI9N4MKmafPJqYF8Zfn/s320/bessie+goundry+1864.jpg" width="252" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Bessie Goundry, June 1864, Badcock's Yard, Oxford</span></i></td></tr>
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But the idea that Carroll's attraction to young girls wasn't just spiritual or avuncular isn't a recent one. Psychoanalytical studies about him have been written since at least the early 1930s, a major contribution to that field being Dr. Phyllis Greenacre in SWIFT AND CARROLL (1955). As well, Florence Becker Lennon didn't shy away from the topic when she wrote VICTORIA THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS (1945; revised 1962 as THE LIFE OF LEWIS CARROLL).<br />
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Another argument made by Carroll revisionists is that his aversion to boys is also mythical, and makes his interest in girls seem more pronounced than it actually was. "I am fond of children (except boys)," he's often quoted from a letter to Kathleen Eschwege on October 24, 1879, "and have more child-friends than I could possibly count on my fingers, even if I were a centipede..." That adds up to a lot of girls, and he wasn't exaggerating: a diary entry for March 25, 1863 contains a list of the names of 107 girls "photographed or to be photographed".<br />
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To Edith Blakemore he said, "with little boys I'm out of my element altogether." He went on further with this anecdote: "I sent Sylvie and Bruno to an Oxford friend, and, in writing his thanks, he added, 'I think I must bring my little boy to see you.' So I wrote to say 'don't', or words to that effect: and he wrote again that he could hardly believe his eyes when he got my note. He thought I doted on all children. But I'm not omnivorous! -- like a pig. I pick and choose..."<br />
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In THE LEWIS CARROLL PICTURE BOOK, a former child friend, Ella Monier Williams, spoke of the last time she'd seen Carroll, two years earlier: "...he tried to prove to me -- the mother of six sons -- how infinitely superior he considered girls to boys."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIUi5ipCmoLOni48XPTyBXh1H-3pAkt-QZTYnCK_Mgc3HAmcy2VTrON9gjpexKFQRO1x-r66PrWyUJvZBsgapaXggzgnkpVQsxT0xaWAE_-bvMiM13LWrP3bYacvVyyGkBVRpkHtHWjRL1/s1600/evelyn+hatch+june+15%252C+1880.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIUi5ipCmoLOni48XPTyBXh1H-3pAkt-QZTYnCK_Mgc3HAmcy2VTrON9gjpexKFQRO1x-r66PrWyUJvZBsgapaXggzgnkpVQsxT0xaWAE_-bvMiM13LWrP3bYacvVyyGkBVRpkHtHWjRL1/s400/evelyn+hatch+june+15%252C+1880.jpg" width="323" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Evelyn Hatch, June 15, 1880, Christ Church</span></i></td></tr>
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Alice Liddell grew up to become Mrs. Hargreaves, and her youngest son Caryl told this story to the press: "Soon after the eldest Hargreaves child was born, Mr. Dodgson wrote to my mother, and asked if he might have a copy bound and sent to 'your little daughter, who no doubt is called Alice.' When she wrote and said that she had no daughter, and asked if he would be godfather to her eldest son, he never answered, and took no further notice. Whether, if my mother had had a daughter, he would have taken any interest, we shall never know, as she only had three sons."<br />
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Carroll added this post script to a letter to Margaret Cunnynghame (January 30, 1868): "My best love to yourself -- to your Mother my kindest regards -- to your small, fat, impertinent, ignorant brother my hatred. That is all."<br />
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While those words surely were written in jest, the sentiment was sincere enough. Less comical was a painful story Alice Collett told to Derek Hudson, which occurred when she was about five years old. While travelling with her family, her father bumped into Carroll, an old acquaintance: "There followed a journey I shall never forget and a time which might have been boring became entrancing. For kind 'Lewis Carroll' took me on his knee and told me stories and drew pictures for me. I had the luck to be called Alice and to have a quantity of fair hair, so he took a fancy to me, while my poor brother, who knew 'Alice' almost by heart, gazed at its author with adoring eyes but had no notice taken of him."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhghIxnpLlpQ_fLd3b4B1tbfmGZ2c8A9fqxA7N9k3uAzEPfHfFbumwxJwa9Y0wXBB4CefkmWpVyQJW8Ud3dkpqls7nKT07mgvyiRBdKvHCubaZOZ9W879j8E9vdfkeZ-G7EL3ScDMSuxYve/s1600/effie+millais%252C+july+21%252C+1865.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="934" data-original-width="705" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhghIxnpLlpQ_fLd3b4B1tbfmGZ2c8A9fqxA7N9k3uAzEPfHfFbumwxJwa9Y0wXBB4CefkmWpVyQJW8Ud3dkpqls7nKT07mgvyiRBdKvHCubaZOZ9W879j8E9vdfkeZ-G7EL3ScDMSuxYve/s400/effie+millais%252C+july+21%252C+1865.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Effie Millais, with her mother (also named Effie), sister Mary, and father John Everett Millais, the Pre-Raphaelite painter, July 21, 1865, 7 Cromwell Place, London; Effie, the eldest of three daughters at the time this photo was taken, was Carroll's favourite</i></span></td></tr>
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Edward Wakeling has come up with a list of some 90 boys Carroll has photographed, as proof that his interest in girls was a false assumption, but Helmut Gernsheim, in his book LEWIS CARROLL, PHOTOGRAPHER (1949), gave what seems a reasonable explanation for such a high figure: "[H]e photographed [boys] only when they were pretty in a girlish way, when they were brothers of his girl friends and could not very well be left out, or, occasionally, when they could be used as a bait to catch their famous parents." (Carroll was a notorious lioniser.) But Carroll never had any of these boys visiting his rooms, nor did he take them for long walks, or to the theatre, or sketch them, or invite them to stay with him at Sandown or Eastbourne, where he spent his vacations, and letters to them are rare.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6yLaIdpvUWCmLnurn1dyvDTxsOR32-pd02PJDxMnuTPiBz1zFOYGfl47vpoAb9UiMyL2Q_O8MUKwlwMTVlhRMu9fPl2VM_TpHdSGLy-w0y54j2JRa616Iv1Bfy_p4FtH97yx44b9JhW3y/s1600/dymphna+ellis.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6yLaIdpvUWCmLnurn1dyvDTxsOR32-pd02PJDxMnuTPiBz1zFOYGfl47vpoAb9UiMyL2Q_O8MUKwlwMTVlhRMu9fPl2VM_TpHdSGLy-w0y54j2JRa616Iv1Bfy_p4FtH97yx44b9JhW3y/s400/dymphna+ellis.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Dymphna Ellis, July 25, 1865; daughter of the Rector at Cranbourne</span></i></td></tr>
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It's also argued that Carroll photographed many other subjects besides little girls, including landscapes, skeletons, sculptures and paintings, but what's not mentioned is that most of these were taken from 1856 to 1860, when Carroll was still experimenting with his camera. Even then, some of his early work was created specifically with a commercial prospect in mind. Photography was an expensive enough hobby that Carroll sold photos to Ryman and Co., Ltd., an art dealer, so that it might pay for itself. In 1860 he printed a 4-page pamphlet titled simply "Photographs", which contained 159 images meant for public consumption: 106 were portraits of men, the bulk of them Oxford clergymen and professors; the rest consisted mostly of architecture, landscapes, sculptures and skeletons. To lump these and other such groups of early subjects together and offer them as proof that Carroll had a wide range of photographic interests is deceptive. His portraits of young girls were artistic and intended for his personal collection; most other subjects were merely mechanical endeavors. In a letter to Mr. P. A. W. Henderson, written June 18, 1877, Carroll described himself as "an amateur photographer whose special line is 'children'..."<br />
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A curious note discovered in the Dodgson family archive appears to be a summary of two missing pages from Vol. 8 (pgs. 72 and 91, though the latter is mistakenly identified as 92), and pg. 110 from Vol. 11. Concerning the page from Vol. 8, which covered part of June 27, 1863, as well as June 28 and 29, the note says "L. C. learns from Mrs. Liddell that he is supposed to be using the children as a means of paying court to the governess. He is also supposed by some to be courting Ina." Carroll was rumoured to be courting Miss Prickett, the governess, as early as 1857, and he addressed it in an entry dated May 17 of that year: "I find to my great surprise that my notice of them (the children) is construed by some men into attentions to the governess, Miss Prickett." He goes on to call the rumours "groundless". He also cross-referenced the entry with a note: "(See June 27, 1863)". The note has been offered up as evidence that Carroll never had any romantic interest in Alice Liddell, who was 11 years old, at all, but in the more grown up Lorina, her older sister, or Miss Prickett. Of course, it's understandable if someone assumed Carroll was interested in Lorina, who was pretty and of a marriageable age, or the governess. Who would have guessed at some romantic interest in Alice?<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhABcFkR181bVZJoPN0RZU1-JtxEGI4z6dZkxYb4Pn245dClKZhMoNg7DJ-on2MlZeQ4SQRNIy7mk5K9wXG39V-D5_wcP0troR7b1b4aDUKBwGZoUmb8vIiQ1oG3H37T6KxDuVqbGC7j6AG/s1600/it+won%2527t+come+smooth%252C+july+1863.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1466" data-original-width="1131" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhABcFkR181bVZJoPN0RZU1-JtxEGI4z6dZkxYb4Pn245dClKZhMoNg7DJ-on2MlZeQ4SQRNIy7mk5K9wXG39V-D5_wcP0troR7b1b4aDUKBwGZoUmb8vIiQ1oG3H37T6KxDuVqbGC7j6AG/s400/it+won%2527t+come+smooth%252C+july+1863.jpg" width="307" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"It won't come smooth"; Irene MacDonald, July 1863, Elm Lodge, Hampstead</i></span></td></tr>
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The provenance of the aforementioned note is dubious, however. Lorina wrote two letters to Alice regarding her conversation with Florence Becker Lennon about the 1863 split between Carroll and the Liddells. In the second letter, written May 2, 1930, Lorina said, "I suppose you don't remember when Mr. Dodgson ceased coming to the Deanery? How old were you? I said his manner became too affectionate to you as you grew older and that mother spoke to him about it, and that offended him so he ceased coming to visit us again, as one had to give some reason for all intercourse ceasing. I don't think you could have been more than 9 or 10 on account of my age! I must put it a bit differently for Mrs. B's book. I had no idea my words were to be taken down!" Lennon's Lewis Carroll biography wouldn't be published until 1945, long after the two sisters passed away.<br />
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One thing is sure: Carroll visited the Liddells far more frequently in 1863 than in previous years: "Destined to meet the Liddells perpetually just now..." he wrote in his diary February 17, 1863. He visited the Deanery 10 times in April, 9 times in May, and 8 times in June. That's when the mysterious split occurred. During the next few months he visited them not at all, and visited very rarely after that.<br />
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Mrs Liddell tore up all of Carroll's letters to Alice. In an article published in CORNHILL MAGAZINE (July 1932) Alice said, "I cannot remember what any of them were like, but it is an awful thought to contemplate what may have perished in the Deanery waste-paper basket."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNX-Kqdxd6ShVfMLYhUEGBsq7p7q_5AWF3oOIX4ZY2ulo5zgflSsXUxe2F7GtYIxU64j3LaJRd1BiL0sfSrBzuAzGWlVhZPcLZZmlq8VTrfV-x6mjOiPqFokscCnwuCqzJm08tnWJaamKE/s1600/edith+lorina+alice+liddell.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNX-Kqdxd6ShVfMLYhUEGBsq7p7q_5AWF3oOIX4ZY2ulo5zgflSsXUxe2F7GtYIxU64j3LaJRd1BiL0sfSrBzuAzGWlVhZPcLZZmlq8VTrfV-x6mjOiPqFokscCnwuCqzJm08tnWJaamKE/s400/edith+lorina+alice+liddell.jpg" width="321" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"Open your mouth and shut your eyes" Edith, Lorina and Alice Liddell, July 1860, Christ Church</span></i></td></tr>
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Alice Liddell wasn't his first child friend. Earlier he'd sketched a girl he met on the seashore, who, as it happens, was a cousin of Alice, "one of the nicest children I have ever seen," he wrote in his diary, September 21, 1855, "as well as the prettiest: dear, sweet, pretty little Frederika!" He then encountered her sister: "The youngest Liddell, Gertrude, is even prettier than my little favourite, Freddie: indeed she has quite the most lovely face I ever saw in a child." (In his diaries and letters, Carroll rarely describes a child's personality, but usually remarks on her physical beauty.)<br />
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Carroll's uncle, Skeffington Lutwidge, got him interested in photography in 1855, and, after learning some of the basics with his friend, Reginald Southey, his own camera was delivered to him on May 1, 1856. To test it out, Carroll photographed just about anything that could be photographed, including Harry Liddell, the young son of the new dean at Christ Church college (where Carroll, a former pupil, became mathematical lecturer the year before, and retained that position until 1881). Eventually he would meet the Liddell girls, Lorina, Alice and Edith. He wrote in his diary on June 3: "Spent the morning at the Deanery, photographing the children."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8d-SdtGvSLPlL5b0GYwL4rH3X_OjCHLK413FRA-PelJC9FzQL2cRpvKk6yhpOXBBIkGlXKgJn1Rf_08WlqfRluFIt8UHJgXjclA0KFlcKX0JoQYtN55pMvFK5eyI3-fyHgqpsLu47oflC/s1600/alice.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8d-SdtGvSLPlL5b0GYwL4rH3X_OjCHLK413FRA-PelJC9FzQL2cRpvKk6yhpOXBBIkGlXKgJn1Rf_08WlqfRluFIt8UHJgXjclA0KFlcKX0JoQYtN55pMvFK5eyI3-fyHgqpsLu47oflC/s400/alice.jpg" width="330" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Alice Liddell, June 1857</span></i></td></tr>
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It was Alice, though, who was to become his favourite. On March 1, 1885, he wrote to Alice, who was then Mrs. Hargreaves, "my mental picture is as vivid as ever, of one who was, through so many years, my ideal child-friend. I have had scores of child-friends since your time: but they have been quite a different thing."<br />
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Carroll first told the story of "Alice" July 4, 1862 while he, the three Liddell sisters (Lorina, 13; Alice, 10; Edith, 8), and Carroll's friend, Robinson Duckworth, rowed up the Isis river. Duckworth recalled that day in a letter to Collingwood:<br />
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"I rowed stroke and he rode bow in the famous Long Vacation voyage to Godstow when the three Miss Liddells were our passengers, and the story was actually composed and spoken over my shoulder for the benefit of Alice Liddell, who was acting as 'cox' of our gig. I remember turning round and saying, "Dodgson, is this an extempore romance of yours?" And he replied, "Yes, I'm inventing as we go along."<br />
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One wonders if Duckworth's question was meant to be ambiguous.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifiVfemxpNMkF-hSddxmpfLBKX0xFcmELyEdeVHUwXUE9onNukjhjBFzAL8D3rOKP-42RehUsFAXmF6-PKgYNsAGlyo2Jzom2FKH2fvghjJEXvszMdl-cCBz2TUT6Km_XoNs-goN8RLwxg/s1600/summer+1858+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifiVfemxpNMkF-hSddxmpfLBKX0xFcmELyEdeVHUwXUE9onNukjhjBFzAL8D3rOKP-42RehUsFAXmF6-PKgYNsAGlyo2Jzom2FKH2fvghjJEXvszMdl-cCBz2TUT6Km_XoNs-goN8RLwxg/s400/summer+1858+b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Edith, Lorina and Alice Liddell, Summer 1858</span></i></td></tr>
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That evening Alice begged "Mr. Dodgson" (the girls always addressed him so) to write down the story. He wrote an outline during a train trip to London the next day and began work on the famous manuscript copy on November 13. He finished the text on February 10, 1863, leaving spaces for the illustrations, which were completed September 13, 1864. The finished copy of ALICE'S ADVENTURES UNDERGROUND was presented to Alice Liddell on November 26. The refined, more famous version, ALICE'S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND, was published July 4, 1865, having been expanded to twice its original length, and with Carroll's charming illustrations replaced by those of John Tenniel.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirSp1iN54Z997c5beYB6rFfQuGoRPNyLENIV7YB0GFdU8y0LhvqDP0Jxr2rqSqs2ZXKxhvjk1OoIX50Mn2O1RxgT5hE9qmjPfvgBsl_hjG4IQhApqqP5zdSafc4V27-vvpGW5zd9ywrj3y/s1600/alice+liddell+in+profile+summer+1858.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirSp1iN54Z997c5beYB6rFfQuGoRPNyLENIV7YB0GFdU8y0LhvqDP0Jxr2rqSqs2ZXKxhvjk1OoIX50Mn2O1RxgT5hE9qmjPfvgBsl_hjG4IQhApqqP5zdSafc4V27-vvpGW5zd9ywrj3y/s400/alice+liddell+in+profile+summer+1858.jpg" width="330" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Alice Liddell, summer 1858, in profile against the sandstone wall in the Deanery garden at Christ Church</span></i></td></tr>
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Carroll wrote in his diary on November 1, 1888, "Skene [Lorina's husband] brought, as his guest, Mr. Hargreaves, the husband of 'Alice,' who was a stranger to me, though we had met, years ago, as pupil and lecturer. It was not easy to link in one's mind the new face with the once-so-intimately known and loved 'Alice,' whom I shall always remember best as an entirely fascinating little seven-year-old maiden." He reiterated that sentiment to Alice herself, when he wrote to her December 8, 1891 mentioning that very meeting: "It was hard to realise that he was the husband of one I can scarcely picture to myself, even now, as more than 7 years old!"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiG1nomv_-MB0J9OuF5Xsbxr6gfbIj7MtR3l1rCuuVnsQaEwmtSs7Ni7K5twkoMUZ_SBB_azCWjPBG7HLLZOvtoQNwhS1_mFXj93Sy38zeyWv8nfD0TF9LkmUDOhmPHxaCelH6OlWFuAwog/s1600/alice+liddell+beggar+maid.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiG1nomv_-MB0J9OuF5Xsbxr6gfbIj7MtR3l1rCuuVnsQaEwmtSs7Ni7K5twkoMUZ_SBB_azCWjPBG7HLLZOvtoQNwhS1_mFXj93Sy38zeyWv8nfD0TF9LkmUDOhmPHxaCelH6OlWFuAwog/s400/alice+liddell+beggar+maid.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Alice Liddell as Beggar-Maid, Summer 1858. Perhaps Carroll's most famous photo. The dreamy eyes are childish in contrast to the come-hither posture, with Alice's rags slipping off her shoulder, revealing the left nipple; inspired by a Tennyson poem</span></i></td></tr>
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Responding to a question from his cousin Menella Dodgson, Stuart Dodgson Collingwood wrote (February 3, 1932), "[I]n regards to the Liddells it was Alice who was undoubtedly his pet, and it was his intense love for her (though she was only a child) which pulled the trigger and released his genius. Indeed it is quite likely that Alice's marriage to Hargreaves may have seemed to him the greatest tragedy in his life."<br />
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Alice's son, Caryl Hargreaves, said "...that he [Carroll] very likely was in love with her -- if he was ever in love with anybody. I have always felt in my bones that probably was the case."<br />
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But if he was actually in love with Alice Liddell, he was never faithful. He kept a great number of little girl friends, and constantly replenished his stock, knowing that they would eventually grow up. And if his post-Alice child friends were a "different thing", he nonetheless smothered them all with kisses, both in person and in writing.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqyymh1NlaI20KwHRfXwb37Nui5U6XXFO2a3Ws51U3Vqu7_JHgTp9kbaj4xfs9Y0HZZVjreexZtbuZpd5_st5SgX5Wpg-_oFc6ahyphenhyphenqB7IZ4mTQ00PDsw4_LTHs_EMJlIYdGgpEr9dOId0e/s1600/annie+parkes%252C+august+13%252C+1864.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1458" data-original-width="1143" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqyymh1NlaI20KwHRfXwb37Nui5U6XXFO2a3Ws51U3Vqu7_JHgTp9kbaj4xfs9Y0HZZVjreexZtbuZpd5_st5SgX5Wpg-_oFc6ahyphenhyphenqB7IZ4mTQ00PDsw4_LTHs_EMJlIYdGgpEr9dOId0e/s400/annie+parkes%252C+august+13%252C+1864.jpg" width="312" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">A beautiful portrait of Annie Parkes, Farringford, Isle of Wight, August 13, 1864; note her reflection in the window</span></i></td></tr>
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Carroll was an insatiable letter writer, and on January 1, 1861 he started keeping a register of all the letters he sent. The last recorded number was 98,721. This number doesn't include the numerous business letters he sent off as Curator of Senior Common Room at Christ Church, and, of course, there's no telling how many letters he'd written prior to 1861, but the total number must be staggering.<br />
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The seemingly countless letters to his little girlfriends are delightful to read, full of humour, wit and playful teasing. Some are written backwards, some contain poems, puzzles, acrostics, hidden rhymes, drawings, and even come in the form of a rebus. One letter to Agnes Hughes circa 1871 displays some of the same cruel humour found in the "Alice" books:<br />
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<i>My dear Agnes,<br /><br />You lazy thing! What? I'm to divide the kisses myself, am I? Indeed, I won't take the trouble to do anything of the sort! But I'll tell you how to do it. First, you must take four of the kisses, and -- and that reminds me of a very curious thing that happened at half-past four yesterday. Three visitors came knocking at my door, begging me to let them in. And when I opened the door, who do you think they were? You'll never guess. Why, they were three cats! However, they all looked so cross and disagreeable that I took up the first thing I could lay my hand on (which happened to be the rolling-pin) and knocked them all down as flat as pan-cakes! "If you come knocking at my door," I said, "I shall come knocking at your heads." That was fair, wasn't it?</i><br />
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Another example of such a letter was written to Edith Blakemore on November 7, 1882:<br />
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<i>My dear Edith,<br /><br />How often you must find yourself in want of a pin! For instance, you go into a shop, and you say to the man, "I want the largest penny-bun you can give me for a half penny." And perhaps the man looks stupid and doesn't quite understand what you mean. Then how convenient it is to have a pin ready to stick into the back of his hand, while you say, "Now then! Look sharp, stupid!"</i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ5usgdNNsfcMwzDiYAEV5n_sUEOrhuIYpojHrtvpcHvE0uJCYwwsMvrsnmbXvikSuCMCUBPTVg-m2YJ0R0Ce2FP-4TYaVo_K4X1bPch3gemq3EuWywXsKWCUOUKVL1rNbH-BvprhvAOMl/s1600/edith+blakemore.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ5usgdNNsfcMwzDiYAEV5n_sUEOrhuIYpojHrtvpcHvE0uJCYwwsMvrsnmbXvikSuCMCUBPTVg-m2YJ0R0Ce2FP-4TYaVo_K4X1bPch3gemq3EuWywXsKWCUOUKVL1rNbH-BvprhvAOMl/s400/edith+blakemore.jpg" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Carroll's drawing of Edith Blakemore at Eastbourne, September 14, 1880</span></i></td></tr>
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And the letters are full of kisses. He closed one letter to Gertrude Chataway with ten million kisses! On February 28, 1891 Carroll wrote in his diary: "Took Winnie Stevens for a walk and tea: and, on taking her home, I met, for the first time, her beautiful little sister, Enid, who seems a sweet lovable child." He seems to have wasted no time in kissing Enid, for he wrote to her mother the next day that he "took it for granted that any child under 12 is 'kissable'..."<br />
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Of Carroll's kisses in letters to girls, Florence Becker Lennon aptly put it that "His ability to convert danger into play was unique." In a letter to Gertrude Chataway, dated July 21, 1876, he ended the letter with "I send you 7 kisses (to last a week)..." A few months later, he wrote Gertrude a humorous letter dated October 28, 1876, telling her how he had gone to see a doctor to complain that he was tired. After a series of questions, the doctor determined that the source of his fatigue was his lips:<br />
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<i>"Of course!" I said, "that's exactly what it is!" Then he looked very grave indeed, and said "I think you must have been giving too many kisses." "Well," I said, "I did give one kiss to a baby-child, a little friend of mine." "Think again," he said, "are you sure it was only one?" I thought again, and said "Perhaps it was eleven times." Then the Doctor said "You must not give her any more until your lips are quite rested again." "But what am I to do?" I said, "because, you see, I owe her a hundred and eighty-two more." Then he looked so grave that the tears ran down his cheeks, and he said "You may send them to her in a box." Then I remembered a little box that I once bought at Dover and thought that I would give it to some little girl or other. So I have packed them all in it very carefully: tell me if they come safe, or if any are lost on the way."</i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg59V1QujS2BLo-RaS9e-uAwNQlb0dwiv-J7Fe2RSnyGr7yYyBuNil3iETQAwSxmTgWtWFFNNeV0iJX0vS3VAPn5EtLE4H5_W7BlEev17elJfX53urkuntwabQw1xCPxya4wR0qZ2LGgia6/s1600/smith+girls+playing+chess+summer+1859.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1246" data-original-width="1455" height="342" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg59V1QujS2BLo-RaS9e-uAwNQlb0dwiv-J7Fe2RSnyGr7yYyBuNil3iETQAwSxmTgWtWFFNNeV0iJX0vS3VAPn5EtLE4H5_W7BlEev17elJfX53urkuntwabQw1xCPxya4wR0qZ2LGgia6/s400/smith+girls+playing+chess+summer+1859.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The Smith girls playing chess: Fanny, Maria, Joanna, and Anne (and cat), Summer 1859, Dinsdale Rectory, Yorkshire</i></span></td></tr>
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He often had kisses to spare, as in this extract from a letter to Agnes Hull, dated November 26, 1879: "No end of love and kisses to Evie and Jessie. I suppose there's no use in saying 'and the same to you,' for, if I never leave off kissing them, how in the world can I begin on you?" He also offered kisses indiscriminately, as he did in a letter to Isa Bowman: "Love and kisses to any one you know who is lovely and kissable."<br />
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He wrote to Mary Mileham (September 6, 1885), "Thank you very much indeed for the peaches. They were delicious. Eating one was almost as nice as kissing you..."<br />
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His kisses, though, weren't just limited to greetings and farewells. According to Isa Bowman in her book, THE STORY OF LEWIS CARROLL (1899), she had drawn a caricature of Carroll, which he tore up and threw into the fire: "Afterwards he came suddenly to me, and saying nothing, caught me up in his arms and kissed me passionately. I was only some ten or eleven years of age at the time, but now the incident comes back to me very clearly, and I can see it as if it happened but yesterday -- the sudden snatching of my picture, the hurried striding across the room, and then the tender light in his face as he caught me up to him and kissed me."<br />
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Derek Hudson wrote in his biography: "...one lady, who was taken out by him as a child, has told the present writer that she was rather surprised to be kissed by him in the middle of a performance in the theatre."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilQrv0qL69shnpup4ZajCawNylgisMC2m_PizT4APzseRqbnnA5KJqGjS_q4NKwgefeWIcbkkcGX2uQEwXq_jXwSmIRcrDSq_ETgzOUljjkWFSI1t2L-KpJ2ZhRy1KliXY6bX7bbhiYB5r/s1600/young+girl+holding+a+basket.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilQrv0qL69shnpup4ZajCawNylgisMC2m_PizT4APzseRqbnnA5KJqGjS_q4NKwgefeWIcbkkcGX2uQEwXq_jXwSmIRcrDSq_ETgzOUljjkWFSI1t2L-KpJ2ZhRy1KliXY6bX7bbhiYB5r/s400/young+girl+holding+a+basket.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Young girl holding a basket</span></i></td></tr>
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The first reference to nude photography in Carroll's diaries was on May 21, 1867: "Mrs. L. brought Beatrice, and I took a photograph of the two; and several of Beatrice alone, 'sans habilement'." Though it appears he might have taken only 30 nude photos, only four of which survive, Carroll probably would have taken many more if circumstances were more favourable.<br />
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He first proposed taking nude photographs of one of his favourite child friends, Gertrude Chataway, to her mother in the post script to a letter written June 28, 1876: "If you should decide on sending over Gertrude and not coming yourself, would you kindly let me know what is the minimum amount of dress in which you are willing to have her taken?" He assured her that he rarely had a chance to photograph "so well-formed a subject for art."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg03C9b__rZ89Y3Lt39EnqVAThueBrA6uwkits2evvoqGgbHcuXzgIoWTxGl7BzgVWvtTm_QlVJq-rCX4tko3yzvRFG3qg7id2IzN3kWqjkD5n7zJ90MnubLT5-01L_ClhkxI6mNevXA1eS/s1600/bessie+slater+and+pet+guinea+pig+1860.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg03C9b__rZ89Y3Lt39EnqVAThueBrA6uwkits2evvoqGgbHcuXzgIoWTxGl7BzgVWvtTm_QlVJq-rCX4tko3yzvRFG3qg7id2IzN3kWqjkD5n7zJ90MnubLT5-01L_ClhkxI6mNevXA1eS/s400/bessie+slater+and+pet+guinea+pig+1860.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Bessie Slatter and pet guinea pig, Spring 1862, Christ Church. Carroll never forgot her. He gave her inscribed copies of ALICE'S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND ("Bessie Slatter, from the Author"); THROUGH THE LOOKING-GLASS ("Elizabeth Anne Slatter, from the Author, Christmas, 1871"); and even EIGHT OR NINE WISE WORDS ABOUT LETTER-WRITING ("Bessie Slatter, from the Author July 10, 1890").</span></i></td></tr>
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Rarely did Carroll address the father when seeking permission to photograph a child, but he did so June 18, 1877 when he wrote to Mr. P. A. W. Henderson, a complete stranger, asking leave to photograph his "2 little girls (whom i don't even know by sight yet)..." on the suggestion of a mutual acquaintance. He took a photo of Annie Henderson November 1, 1878, and, the following year, began taking photos of Annie and her younger sister, Frances, more frequently, including nudes. In one instance, he hadn't the express permission of Mrs. Henderson; in fact, she forbade it. Carroll wrote to her May 31, 1880: "I felt so confident that, when you told Annie they must not be taken naked because it was too cold, it was your only reason..." Carroll explained that his studio was now heated and admitted that the girls ran around his studio in "their favourite costume" (i.e., naked) for three hours. He also hoped to photograph them in the nude for the next two or three years, but he was to take his last photos of the Henderson girls 18 days later, and took only a few more photos before giving up photography in July 1880. <br />
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Carroll wrote to Mrs Henderson June 21, 1881, "Today I write to ask if you would like to have any more copies of the full-front photographs of the children. I have 2 or 3 prints of each, but I intend to destroy all but one of each. That is all I want for myself, and (though I consider them perfectly innocent in themselves) there is really no friend to whom I should wish to give photographs which so entirely defy conventional rules. Miss Thomson is the only friend who has even seen them, and even to her I should not think of giving copies."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Unknown girl, May 1868, Badcock's Yard, Oxford; Carroll had already taken a photo of Agnes Weld as Little Red Riding Hood on August 18, 1857, at Croft Rectory</i></span></td></tr>
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It's unclear whether a certain person found Carroll's nude photography in general, or his nude photos of the Henderson girls in particular, to be questionable, but he wrote to Mrs Henderson June 30, 1881 to comment on the matter: "If the remarks that have been made have caused you any annoyance, I am indeed sorry to have (indirectly) caused them; otherwise, for my part, I am not only indifferent to being thus gossiped about, but even regard it as being possibly useful as an advertisement!"<br />
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Carroll wrote to her again the next day: "...I would have been glad to hear from you (if you don't object to repeating it) what the terrible remark was which somebody made in Annie's hearing. Possibly it may be easier to write than to repeat viva voce. Her name I don't the least desire to know: I don't think it is good for one to know the name of anyone who has said anything against one. But it might be useful to know what is said -- as a warning of the risk incurred by transgressing the conventional rules of Society.<br />
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"One thing I will add to the note I left -- that your remark that you would even now, but for what has been said by others, have lent me Annie as a model, has gratified me nearly as much as if you were actually to do it. It is a mark of confidence which I sincerely value."<br />
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As persuasive as he could be in his carefully-worded letters, Carroll wasn't always successful in obtaining permission to photograph nudes, as mentioned above in the case of the Mayhew girls.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsNSesLE-4a4nazdUH-9dBBOraIJBc4dhyqiAL0gH15syDMoOBTfKRRqXnh2IEqkDjeTUjAgSOUQzgD8MwuEm-mEAXGKy3QrVUhxMjsEHHqbJ9ICpalA1WMwgWuGrBrTuzyI8IZNoqCpXN/s1600/xie+kitchen%252C+may+14%252C+1873.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1042" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsNSesLE-4a4nazdUH-9dBBOraIJBc4dhyqiAL0gH15syDMoOBTfKRRqXnh2IEqkDjeTUjAgSOUQzgD8MwuEm-mEAXGKy3QrVUhxMjsEHHqbJ9ICpalA1WMwgWuGrBrTuzyI8IZNoqCpXN/s400/xie+kitchen%252C+may+14%252C+1873.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Xie Kitchin, Carroll's most photographed subject, May 14, 1873; this may have been his favourite picture of her, which he made many copies of</span></i></td></tr>
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Perhaps Carroll's favourite photographic subject was Alexandra Kitchin, whose nickname was Xie (pronounced "Ecksy"). Carroll created a pun with her name, when he told her father, Rev. G. W. Kitchin, upon meeting him for the first time, how to achieve excellence from a photo: "All you have to do is to get a lens and put Xie before it." (Xie-lens.) Although this anecdote appeared in a letter from Brook Kitchin (one of Xie's younger brothers) to Beatrice Hatch, Carroll certainly told the joke on more than one occasion, as it also appears in Henry Holiday's autobiography REMINSCENCES OF MY LIFE (1914): "The girl was called Alexandra, after her godmother, Queen Alexandra, but as this name was long she was called in her family X, or rather Xie. She was a perfect sitter, and Dodgson asked me if I knew how to obtain excellence in a photograph. I gave it up. 'Take a lens and put Xie before it.'” He even addressed her once as "My dear Unknown Quantity". Carroll took at least 50 photos of Xie, from 1869 to 1880, when he gave up photography.<br />
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Holiday, who illustrated Carroll's THE HUNTING OF THE SNARK (1876), also supplied Carroll with drawings to help him pose his subjects in photos. On January 15, 1874 Carroll wrote, "He showed me the drawings he is doing for me (suggestions for groups of two children -- nude studies -- for me to try to reproduce in photographs from life), which are quite exquisite."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Xie Kitchin</span></i></td></tr>
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It's odd that during the month of July in 1879 there are many references in Carroll's diary to nude photos, for he'd earlier sent a letter to Mrs. Mayhew on May 28 in which he mentions just having "received a distressing letter of domestic news" and how he didn't feel like taking photos anymore, even non nudes, which suggests that the letter had something to do with nudes; then, in 1880, Carroll stopped photographing altogether.<br />
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This drastic decision is the subject of some speculation. Carroll himself was never consistent with his reasons for giving up photography. He complained that it was taking up too much of his time, and required too much labour, when a professional studio could be used to take portraits of his friends. "The last photograph I took was in August 1880!" he said in a letter to a Mrs. Hunt, dated December 8, 1881. "Not one have I done this year: as there was no subject tempting enough to make me face the labour of getting the studio into working order again...It is a very tiring amusement, and anything which can be equally well, or better, done in a professional studio for a few shillings I would always rather have so done than go through the labour myself." This explanation doesn't ring true, however, since it seems unlikely that Carroll saw his photography as nothing more than a mechanical process. As Edward Wakeling said, Carroll was "a man who appreciated beauty in art, a regular visitor to art galleries and exhibitions, a friend of famous artists of his day. To some extent, he saw photography as an alternative to painting and sketching. He was never satisfied with his own attempts to draw. Photography gave him an opportunity to use and develop his aesthetic and artistic abilities. Later, when he gave copies of his photographs to sitters and their families, he would inscribe the picture as 'from the Artist' rather than 'from the Photographer.'" He wrote to E. Gertrude Thomson July 16, 1885, "It is 3 or 4 years now since I have photographed -- I have been too busy..." But his decision wasn't written in stone, for, in a letter to Miss Thomson, dated July 9, 1893, he hinted at the possibility of returning to photography: "If I had a dry plate camera, and time to work it, and could secure a child of really good figure, either a professional model, or (much better) a child of the upper-classes, I would put her into every pretty attitude I could think of, and could get in a single morning 50 or 100 such memoranda."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidWJUqUMpQ9zZTyl1-JhutfLK2mKMrkbjtAtYR8nQlmVstByZah000IM2mcJBMB8Cn4xb0aYkwQV7F8AevHR2BnsGtSOTYNKTDeU13O6akwO0-Bw0FODQIquMcwknn5A0EDF556FxPly8H/s1600/st+george+and+the+dragon+july+26+1875.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidWJUqUMpQ9zZTyl1-JhutfLK2mKMrkbjtAtYR8nQlmVstByZah000IM2mcJBMB8Cn4xb0aYkwQV7F8AevHR2BnsGtSOTYNKTDeU13O6akwO0-Bw0FODQIquMcwknn5A0EDF556FxPly8H/s400/st+george+and+the+dragon+july+26+1875.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"St. George and the Dragon". Taken June 26, 1875 in Carroll's studio. Xie Kitchin and her brothers: Brook (on the rocking horse), Hugh (in leopard skin, as the dragon), and Herbert (a fallen would-be rescuer).</span></i></td></tr>
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Whatever his reasons for giving up photography, Carroll found a new outlet for artistic expression: nude drawings. Although Carroll had been drawing all his life, he was somewhat more earnest in this new hobby. In the same letter to Miss Thomson of July 16, 1885 he said that a "Mr. Paget, a London artist, kindly says that, whenever I can come to his studio and he happens to have a nude model sitting, I may draw her too (of course the model's consent must first be asked). I hope it will be a child, if I ever do go: but I would try an adult rather than lose the chance of such splendid practice..." Carroll often submitted his nude drawings to Gertrude Thomson for her critical analysis.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Xie, 1869, Badcock yard studio</span></i></td></tr>
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On April 12, 1891, he wrote to Mrs. P. A. W. Henderson, whose daughters he had "so often photographed naked", saying "I've been drawing, in Mrs. Shute's studio in London, 2 beautiful models, aged 16 and 14: but I'd far rather draw a child of 11 than any number of girls in their teens: the child-form has a special loveliness of its own." His passion for drawing knew no bounds: "In the next life, I do hope we shall not only see lovely forms, such as this world does not contain, but also be able to draw them."<br />
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Carroll wrote to Gertrude Chataway's sister, Mrs. C. F. Moberly Bell, September 22, 1893, about the possibility of letting artist Gertrude Thomson use her 6-year-old daughter, Cynthia, "...in the very unusual character of a nude model", for THREE SUNSETS (which wouldn't be published until 1898).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Edith Liddell, 1860. Edith died June 26, 1876, at only 22 years old. Alice's son said, "She was the member of the family to whom my mother was especially devoted -- and to the day of her death nearly sixty years later she could hardly bear to speak of Edith's death."</i></span></td></tr>
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Carroll confided in Gertrude Thomson up to a point. His letters to her are full of discussions involving girls, nude photos, nude drawings, etc. Admirers of each others' work, the two arranged to meet at a museum in 1879 after corresponding for a time. Gertrude Thomson recalled the day: "...a gentleman entered, two little girls clinging to his hands, and as I caught sight of the tall slim figure, with the clean-shaven, delicate, refined face, I said to myself, 'That's Lewis Carroll.' He stood for a moment, head erect, glancing swiftly over the room, then, bending down, whispered something to one of the children; she, after a moment's pause, pointed straight at me. Dropping their hands he came forward, and with that winning smile of his that utterly banished the oppressive sense of the Oxford don, said simply, 'I am Mr. Dodgson; I was to meet you, I think?' To which I as frankly smiled, and said, 'How did you know me so soon?' 'My little friend found you. I told her I had come to meet a young lady who knew fairies, and she fixed on you at once. But I knew you before she spoke.'" Most likely Carroll brought the two girls as chaperons.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Eliza Hobson, August 1857, Croft Rectory</span></i></td></tr>
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He wrote on August 10, 1897, responding to Miss Thomson's mention of another seaside resort: "Your description of the sands, and the naked children playing there, is very tempting..." He expressed an interest in going there, if her landlady would take him in, and of being able to do sketches: ""Yet it is doubtful if I should not, after all, find I had come in vain -- and that it was a hopeless quest to try to make friends with any of the little nudities. A lady might do it: but what would they think of a gentleman daring to address them! And then what an embarrassing thing it would be to begin an acquaintance with a naked little girl!" He goes on to ask Miss Thomson if she has a camera, and if she could make friends with some of these "girl-fairies" and take photos for him, singularly or in groups, for which he would give each of the girls one of his books. He said that he might put under one of the photos a quote from a poem by Sir Noel Patton:<br />
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<i>"And there upon the gleaming sands,</i><br />
<i>Between the ripples and the rocks,</i><br />
<i>Stood, mother-naked in the sun,</i><br />
<i>A little maid with golden locks."</i><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Such remarkable eyes has 8-year-old Sarah Hobson, beautifully captured in this August 1857 photo</span></i></td></tr>
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Carroll's obsession with young girls manifested itself in odd ways. In the introduction to one of his dozens of published pamphlets, THE DYNAMICS OF A PARTI-CLE (1865), he wrote: "It was a lovely Autumn evening, and the glorious effects of chromatic aberration were beginning to show themselves in the atmosphere as the earth evolved away from the great western luminary, when two lines might have been observed wending their weary way across a plain superficies. The elder of the two had by long practice acquired the art, so painful to young and impulsive loci, of lying evenly between her extreme points; but the younger, in her girlish impetuosity, was ever longing to diverge and become an hyperbola or some such romantic and boundless curve."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZeUl_RPaOottUabFapfR09yBO35kaTbh0AEb85TvkvupCtYzUUOH4IOMdu17luZrcZp9Z8mUzyWXNWZnf6Jv-wpxAL2Y_1f_LS3LISifz9GyQAQU73rcMPIEDHswvfjUJdCYtKPOhiM8s/s1600/mary+ellis+1865.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZeUl_RPaOottUabFapfR09yBO35kaTbh0AEb85TvkvupCtYzUUOH4IOMdu17luZrcZp9Z8mUzyWXNWZnf6Jv-wpxAL2Y_1f_LS3LISifz9GyQAQU73rcMPIEDHswvfjUJdCYtKPOhiM8s/s400/mary+ellis+1865.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">A lovely picture of Mary Ellis (aged 9), July 26 or 27, 1865, Cranbourne. Carroll took a number of pictures of Mary and her three sisters at that time.</span></i></td></tr>
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Carroll was an avid theatregoer. By one estimate, he attended the theatre at least 479 times between 1855 and 1897, seeing at least 686 productions. He first saw Ellen Terry June 16, 1856 in her debut, as Mamillius in "The Winter's Tale", at the Princess's Theatre. He described her as "...a beautiful little creature who played with remarkable ease and spirit..." He was impressed enough to see her in every play she did. In his 1932 biography Langford Reed quoted Carroll from a diary (now missing), "I can imagine no more delightful occupation than brushing Ellen Terry's hair!" That he was enomoured of her goes without saying. But he wasn't to meet her until years later, and then he would often take advantage of their friendship and Ellen's inability to say no. Carroll would often send a note to Ellen, asking her to consider taking one of his young companions, an aspiring little actress, under her wing, or at least to have her send an autographed programme to the girl's seat. Ellen never refused.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAUxGDff-l9b4pdOCNi527ybEKJhVL35lE8yKuW_7xNXU3-ygCuKkPLpVeQarMh0EfpiuCaM2YR1I0PWOlBmO1b_MMVa4b1Dpb0Py97pngWgbvHtJ_9n0dw2OGboTflh-a0_38012KvMsJ/s1600/grace+denman%252C+July+8%252C+1864.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1033" data-original-width="1061" height="388" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAUxGDff-l9b4pdOCNi527ybEKJhVL35lE8yKuW_7xNXU3-ygCuKkPLpVeQarMh0EfpiuCaM2YR1I0PWOlBmO1b_MMVa4b1Dpb0Py97pngWgbvHtJ_9n0dw2OGboTflh-a0_38012KvMsJ/s400/grace+denman%252C+July+8%252C+1864.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Little Dear", Grace Denman, daughter of Lord Chief Justice Denman, July 8, 1864, Lambeth Palace</i></span></td></tr>
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"I always get two tickets, when I go to a Matinee, and then cast about for a companion..." Carroll wrote to Mrs. C. F. Moberly Bell, September 27, 1893, proposing that one day he would ask to borrow one of her girls for an outing. Carroll usually attended the theatre with a young girl, or occasionally more than one if that was the only arrangement that could be made. (He preferred his companions "tete-a-tete" rather than in parties.) A great number of the plays he saw were either children's plays, or plays in which children had a role. In his diaries, he commented on at least 70 little actresses he'd seen perform over the years, and he often had an autographed copy of his books sent round to them. Sometimes the same actress received a different book for each performance he saw her in.<br />
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Carroll had some deep-seated need to tell everyone about his girlfriends, his outings with them, his photographing them. The girls knew that their friendship with Carroll wasn't unique, that there were hundreds of others, for he often mentioned them in letters. When he wrote to their mothers making a request for nude photos, or asking if they could accompany him for a day, or visit him at Eastbourne, he made it known how many other girls were allowed to do so. Even the public was made aware, as in a letter to the St. James's Gazette, published July 19, 1887 (though written on July 16) under his Carroll pseudonym: "I spent yesterday afternoon at Brighton, where for five hours I enjoyed the society of three exceedingly happy and healthy little girls, aged twelve, ten and seven."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMPmquA5Nyizzyo46Qokh-bNAEtBJ1lQ1AUvNNAMD7lu7mMizV2soRsoVr-DZESvnpkr8GwFvx6HW-3qTbjR0qzc-fFtxKOudZBcfBIAreAAzmBSQBRtP4WsT5xn_Z2Sw6FYgUIEM4AZbi/s1600/kate+terry+andromeda+1865+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMPmquA5Nyizzyo46Qokh-bNAEtBJ1lQ1AUvNNAMD7lu7mMizV2soRsoVr-DZESvnpkr8GwFvx6HW-3qTbjR0qzc-fFtxKOudZBcfBIAreAAzmBSQBRtP4WsT5xn_Z2Sw6FYgUIEM4AZbi/s400/kate+terry+andromeda+1865+b.jpg" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Kate Terry as Andromeda, July 15, 1865, Caversham Road, Kentish Town</i></span></td></tr>
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Ella Monier Williams said to Collingwood: "A 'grown-up' child was his horror. He called one day just after I had 'put my hair up,' and I, with girlish pride, was pleased he should be there to see. My satisfaction received a blow when he said, 'I will take you for a walk if you let your hair down your back, but not unless.'"<br />
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To Adelaide Payne, he wrote on January 9, 1884, that "the majority (say 60 p.c.) of my child-friends cease to be friends at all after they grow up: about 30 p.c. develop 'yours affectionately' into 'yours truly': only about 10 p.c. keep up the old relationship unchanged." Adelaide was one of the 10 percent.<br />
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To Isabel Standen he wrote (August 5, 1885): "I always feel especially grateful to friends who, like you, have given me a child-friendship and a woman-friendship too. About 9 out of 10, I think, of my child-friendships get shipwrecked at the critical point 'where the stream and river meet'...and the child-friends, once so affectionate, become uninteresting acquaintances, whom I have no wish to set eyes on again."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivk76alJjZ1QRTMAHnE5FoECgi7wLMy8GC9GqfD8NFLBXnZj28yYIC4dzcEBTaTZbFy7MoDaDVecuvmuEskFd98ETR30cOfi5rKXMGBBs3ZhdmIpUnK4PZFT5XwdykQDFT2_XrRUgvPkJx/s1600/xie+kitchin+in+tuning+july+1%252C+1876.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivk76alJjZ1QRTMAHnE5FoECgi7wLMy8GC9GqfD8NFLBXnZj28yYIC4dzcEBTaTZbFy7MoDaDVecuvmuEskFd98ETR30cOfi5rKXMGBBs3ZhdmIpUnK4PZFT5XwdykQDFT2_XrRUgvPkJx/s400/xie+kitchin+in+tuning+july+1%252C+1876.jpg" width="338" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Xie Kitchin, "tuning", taken in Carroll's studio, July 1, 1876. The violin wasn't just a prop -- Xie really did play</span></i></td></tr>
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But, as Carroll grew older, he felt more comfortable with teenage girls and young women, and occasionally enjoyed the company of the girls' mothers. But to him they seemed young girls still, and with the mothers Carroll felt safe, for there was no danger of a romantic relationship developing, since they were married. Gertrude Chataway told Collingwood: "I stayed with him only a few years ago, at Eastbourne, and felt for the time that I was once more a child. He never appeared to realise that I had grown up, except when I reminded him of the fact, and then he only said, 'Never mind, you will always be a child to me, even when your hair is grey."<br />
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He wrote to Mrs. J. C. Egerton March 8, 1894, "Much of the brightness of my life, and it has been a wonderfully happy one, has come from the friendship of girl-friends. Twenty or thirty years ago, 'ten' was about my ideal age for such friends: now, 'twenty' or 'twenty-five' is nearer the mark." Still, his interest in little girls remained as intense as it ever was.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkQ9iZVcARRnN_XCqKcxdyGjDFO5y7vMwlCYiv9WNCa4FAzQakjcnxkrPgEGF8a-wcW659nb98FWDOs_SPfJ3iG8mFSPEhClkHePC0F3uw3oKmWvgmpGnwQ5dvtJvtlU2Ih6Jpk5qciKIs/s1600/xie+kitchin+-+umbrella+july+1%252C+1876.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="332" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkQ9iZVcARRnN_XCqKcxdyGjDFO5y7vMwlCYiv9WNCa4FAzQakjcnxkrPgEGF8a-wcW659nb98FWDOs_SPfJ3iG8mFSPEhClkHePC0F3uw3oKmWvgmpGnwQ5dvtJvtlU2Ih6Jpk5qciKIs/s400/xie+kitchin+-+umbrella+july+1%252C+1876.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Xie Kitchin, July 1, 1876; note the lines in Xie's stockings, the umbrella and the wicker chair</span></i></td></tr>
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In 1877 Carroll started taking his vacation at Eastbourne, which Collingwood called a "happy hunting ground" for his child-friends, who were often discovered playing on the beach. He wrote in his diary September 2, 1880: "...I made acquaintance with a family who were banking up with sand the feet and legs of a pretty little girl perched on a sand-castle. I got her father to make her stand to be drawn. Further along the beach a merry little mite began pelting me with sand, and I drew her too." Most of the little bathers were restless, perhaps even unwitting models. Carroll wrote to Ethel Hatch August 19, 1884: "Yesterday I tried to draw a pretty little girl, who was building a sand-castle: but, as she didn't keep in the same position for 2 moments together, I had to invent every line of it: and the result is awful -- worse than you would draw, with your left foot, and both eyes shut!"<br />
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He also made a habit of inviting girls to stay with him alone at his seaside resort. Most were allowed to, especially after assurances that they would have their own bedroom, a maid to look after them, and that both Carroll and his guest would be under the scrutiny of his landlady, Mrs. Dyer. He eventually took to inviting older girls. He invited 21-year-old Gertrude Chataway in a letter of September 7, 1890: "[I]f I live to next January, I shall be 59 years old. So it's not like a man of 30, or even a man of 40, proposing such a thing. I should hold it quite out of the question in either case. I never thought of such a thing, myself, until 5 years ago. Then, feeling I really had accumulated a good lot of years, I ventured to invite a little girl of 10, who was lent without the least demur. The next year I had one of 12 staying here for a week. The next year I invited one of 14, quite expecting a refusal, that time, on the ground of her being too old. To my surprise, and delight, her mother simply wrote, 'Irene may come to you for a week, or a fortnight. What day would you like to have her?' After taking her back, I boldly invited an elder sister of hers, aged 18. She came quite readily. I've had another 18-year-old since, and feel quite reckless now, as to ages: and, so far as I know, 'Mrs. Grundy' has made no remarks at all." At the end of the letter he added that "At present, there is, lying on the sofa by the open window of my tiny little sitting-room, a girl-friend from Oxford, aged 17. She came yesterday, and will stay perhaps a week."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS6ywUc7Qv4WT9lvkRgIVKa8EUEhSUWwg4JwiiwtI5tWxCu0GyyNNFlf6g_D4C0RcSgzgWhFnPtIAXZnM3w3JCG-UdZVC6aYqFQYLpvTciynF5qp4hNe2Hj9Fs316NrexGw9sriGj540rM/s1600/evelyn+dubourg+and+kathleen+oreilly.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS6ywUc7Qv4WT9lvkRgIVKa8EUEhSUWwg4JwiiwtI5tWxCu0GyyNNFlf6g_D4C0RcSgzgWhFnPtIAXZnM3w3JCG-UdZVC6aYqFQYLpvTciynF5qp4hNe2Hj9Fs316NrexGw9sriGj540rM/s400/evelyn+dubourg+and+kathleen+oreilly.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Evelyn Dubourg and Kathleen O'Reilly, July 10, 1875, Oak Tree House, Hampstead; Evelyn (1861-1917) was the daughter of Augustus William Dubourg, who tried -- unsuccessfully -- to bring Alice to the stage</span></i></td></tr>
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Another of Carroll's favourite child-friends, Isa Bowman, 14, was allowed to stay with him for 5 weeks the summer of 1888. Carroll wrote to Winifred Holiday February 28, 1879 that "we got on so well together, that I kept writing to Mrs. Bowman for leave to keep her longer, till the week had extended to five! When we got near the end of four, I thought 'at any rate I'll keep her over the honey-moon period.' I felt rather curious to see whether there was any young person, of the feminine gender, whose company, tete-a-tete, I could endure for a month. I hadn't believed it possible: and used to say, when twitted with being a bachelor, 'I never saw the young lady whose company I could endure for a week -- far less for life!' But alas, I can plead that argument no longer!" Obviously, Isa was very special to him.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7mvq7uI2AUAWyjVz8eo9hE2Z7APQsvuK2AEC_2tFom5_WnRskcMre2q6bWHxcCg3hkGMR2MV2B-NKDZMvK8RQxqWYlPHzjTtiDWx1DLiogCXNMlJSQIX12iyEu6RMMQhzkQcgHVdypbW_/s1600/mary+and+charlotte+webster+and+margaret+gatey.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7mvq7uI2AUAWyjVz8eo9hE2Z7APQsvuK2AEC_2tFom5_WnRskcMre2q6bWHxcCg3hkGMR2MV2B-NKDZMvK8RQxqWYlPHzjTtiDWx1DLiogCXNMlJSQIX12iyEu6RMMQhzkQcgHVdypbW_/s400/mary+and+charlotte+webster+and+margaret+gatey.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">One of Carroll's early photographic efforts: Mary and Charlotte Webster, with Margaret Gatey, September 25, 1857, Crosthwaite</span></i></td></tr>
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"I'm a very old fogey now, you know; so I defy 'Mrs. Grundy' fearlessly!" he wrote to Winifred in the same letter about his Eastbourne guests. In fact, later in life, he used his age, and the age gap between him and his "child-friends", as an assurance that his motives were entirely platonic. Permission wasn't always granted, though. Enid Stevens, one of Carroll's favourites, wasn't allowed to go to Eastbourne, a missed opportunity that she deeply regretted.<br />
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There were rumours at Eastbourne. Carroll wrote in his diary August 14, 1894, that May Miller, one of two sisters, was "engaged to dine with me; but Mrs. Miller wrote to say there was so much 'ill-natured gossip' afloat, she would rather I did not invite either girl without the other." Carroll often insisted that girls visit him alone. He wrote to Mrs. A. L. Moore July 24, 1896, "I don't think anyone knows what girl-nature is, who has only seen them in the presence of their mothers or sisters."<br />
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Mothers needn't have worried. Carroll had hundreds of little girlfriends over the years, and by all accounts he conducted himself with the utmost propriety. He took them out for a day and restored them to their homes safe and sound, and their cherished memories of Carroll were nothing short of pleasant<br />
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Enid Stevens offered this wonderful testament: "I know now that my friendship with him was probably the most valuable experience in a long life, and that it influenced my outlook more than anything that has happened since -- and wholly for good."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDweN_fETHiDU-8ensKJV6PXUFjcrBr_PP06L7RALFo734wzX1c5-wGvvsJLzg7xunIO9-6NcnJadpXQk3EXfnfbYXdvXp2Lx9KmWPXNEzBORWaoCagaAP8SgpapbhQKM9g_vEJN4SZctu/s1600/mw66626.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDweN_fETHiDU-8ensKJV6PXUFjcrBr_PP06L7RALFo734wzX1c5-wGvvsJLzg7xunIO9-6NcnJadpXQk3EXfnfbYXdvXp2Lx9KmWPXNEzBORWaoCagaAP8SgpapbhQKM9g_vEJN4SZctu/s400/mw66626.jpg" width="221" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Alice Liddell, July 1860</span></i></td></tr>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-48650498575794255802015-04-28T19:46:00.001-04:002017-09-18T09:08:53.559-04:00Die Kleine Cornelia: The Berlin Brat<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Today, Cornelia Froboess is an actress. As a teenager, she was a pop star known as "Conny". But our story concerns a little girl called <b>Die Kleine Cornelia</b> ("Little Cornelia"), who entertained German audiences in the early 1950s.<br />
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Her father, Gerhard Froboess, was born in Weisswasser, Germany, May 10, 1906. At the age of 11 he was playing his accordian in restaurants, entertaining the guests with dance music. Later, he put together a small band with some school mates and gave afternoon performances at a silent movie theatre. A fan of American jazz, Gerhard formed a new band in high school, the Ohio-Jazzband. They played some lively numbers, and it wasn't long before they were the most popular dance orchestra in Leipzig -- an unexpected development, to say the least. He acquired the nickname "Professor Hot".<br />
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But Gerhard had other interests, too: ham radio, and tinkering with electronics. He went to Kothen and studied high frequency technology and electroacoustics. He landed a job at Telefunken, where he worked for a few years as a sound engineer, initially making field recordings; afterwards, as the war broke out, he went to work at Tobis film studios as a sound engineer and mixer.<br />
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It was this facility for electronics that made Gerhard "indispensable" and kept him out of the war, allowing him to continue with his music. He had his first records during the war, "Ich liebe nur dich allein" ("I Love Only You"), "Treppauf treppab" ("Upstairs, Downstairs"), and others. His wife Margaretha, herself a gifted singer, joined him, and they entertained the troops in Wehrmacht programs. Margaretha's singing career was cut short when she became pregnant. Gerhard was hoping for a boy, and had already chosen a name: Sebastian Cornelius. The couple fled to the town of Wriezen to escape the bombing of Berlin.<br />
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Gerhard kept his job at Tobis, and on October 28, 1943, during the filming of JUGENDLIEBE (1944), he received a phone call from Wriezen: Margaretha had given birth to a girl. Gerhard was initially disappointed, but he was at least able to salvage part of the name, and so they called their daughter "Cornelia".<br />
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Cornelia grew up at 27 Gottschalk Street in Berlin's Wedding district, a working-class neighbourhood. She was a little brat who was used to getting her way, and called her father <i>Dicker</i> ("thick") with playful impudence, though she sometimes called him <i>Papi</i>. An only child, her parents doted on her and filled her bedroom with dolls and toys, though she slept on a folding bed.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5fUHl5sbQnjT6bzfLTHWeFFEiAKI6FkIp2WLjjjB8RxQuEM1p0V3e0IYoNeU_nyksVyW3WlvkpZkr8dxBPDSkyhrTzlRyZq9fKbv-8ZNK6i_tj33is1ViNcRYglgK-FJzd4YYEdNQkxxg/s1600/cornelia+doll.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5fUHl5sbQnjT6bzfLTHWeFFEiAKI6FkIp2WLjjjB8RxQuEM1p0V3e0IYoNeU_nyksVyW3WlvkpZkr8dxBPDSkyhrTzlRyZq9fKbv-8ZNK6i_tj33is1ViNcRYglgK-FJzd4YYEdNQkxxg/s1600/cornelia+doll.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Cornelia packing her dolls -- and maybe even her badehose</span></i></td></tr>
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A 1952 article in <i>Der Spiegel</i> describes how road workers made a large mound of sand on her street. The children played a game they called "King's Hall" by building two thrones out of the sand, one for the king and one for the queen. It tells a lot that Cornelia was the queen. A follower she was not.<br />
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Cornelia went home and burst into her father's music room complaining about an old man with long teeth and "as little hair as you", and that he stunk like a thousand men. The children had been throwing sand at him and he had threatened to call the police. She told the story with hands on her hips, as though she were in the right! Clearly she wanted to get her side in first, in case a policeman should come knocking.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmxrjW8xaeyLqqsc-inpSk35YiYVlDJv8bNtuHT-xqNIuxcOsQ33Ok3xs8rPNAi_TTaQxMzotD8dlWhoxuSHJlQgdNivPA62HCA9dJ1yPUhxDkEI4FicEaTyGCRW8Kdc8ozGvsIQJnEc5o/s1600/cornelia+froboess+tree.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmxrjW8xaeyLqqsc-inpSk35YiYVlDJv8bNtuHT-xqNIuxcOsQ33Ok3xs8rPNAi_TTaQxMzotD8dlWhoxuSHJlQgdNivPA62HCA9dJ1yPUhxDkEI4FicEaTyGCRW8Kdc8ozGvsIQJnEc5o/s1600/cornelia+froboess+tree.jpg" width="292" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The little troublemaker</span><span style="font-size: small;">, no doubt taunting her neighbours</span></i></td></tr>
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In the first few years following the war, Gerhard had little time for Cornelia. He worked as chief sound engineer at the Soviet DEFA, a film studio in East Germany run by the state, then started his own music publishing company, <b>Melodie</b> (originally <i>Froboess and Schlag</i>, later <i>Froboess and Budde</i>, when Rolf Budde bought 50 percent of the company in 1947) and increased his output of compositions, such as <i>Die Sonne geht schlafen</i>, which became a hit. From 1946 to 1949 he published a magazine also called <i>Melodie</i>, subtitled <i>Illustrierte Zeitschrift fur Musikfreunde</i> ("Illustrated Magazine for Music Lovers").<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgckZsM2i0IDY5wikE7-Z0AN8inqOe2S1_9ZfovIWtVOD3CQgL6Oxus9_5Bmo8cfZPei1wZqttMtycK2HJoGgUPOSZzIBUJmk2pXQt9vl3tHEB0FX-kCEpj_aJp4XpA_OIZQslrfG2TH0qi/s1600/gerhard+froboess+business+card.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="123" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgckZsM2i0IDY5wikE7-Z0AN8inqOe2S1_9ZfovIWtVOD3CQgL6Oxus9_5Bmo8cfZPei1wZqttMtycK2HJoGgUPOSZzIBUJmk2pXQt9vl3tHEB0FX-kCEpj_aJp4XpA_OIZQslrfG2TH0qi/s1600/gerhard+froboess+business+card.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Despite the musical environment in the Froboess home, Cornelia at first showed little interest in following in her father's occupation, though she'd wake him every morning with her rendition of a popular tune called <i>Open the Door, Richard</i>, which she'd changed to <i>Open the Door, Gerhard</i>.<br />
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But one day in February 1951, Gerhard was struggling with a new arrangement for a song written by Werner Muller and Hans Bradtke called <i>An der Ecke steht ein Schneemann</i> ("On the Corner Stands a Snowman"), while 7-year-old Cornelia sat in the corner playing with her dolls. The session dragged on until Muller, leader of RIAS Tanzorchester (dance orchestra), and Gerhard, his musical director, concluded that what the song needed was a children's choir. Cornelia jumped to her feet and insisted that she sing the <i>Snowman</i> song. Cornelia was used to hearing her father banging away at the piano for hours while composing, and would learn the melodies almost unconsciously. Humouring the little girl, all were astonished by her untutored vocal talent as she belted out the tune without hesitation or flaw, despite being an impromptu performance. That same day, Gerhard made a demo tape recording of Cornelia singing the Snowman song with the Metropolitan Vocalists.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnrtFGKZdFjQ15V8p0hWNAwbXg_m_3E6v5svrrhyucAVOXpPRMOUug0eXlhtOvPy4q_BNFxYj1EzmwISytXdQ8eSyhUtG2NhUO6SsdXkBcX7VXzK3cw70k1GSgZHBYP8l6VXFP13t8f_oy/s1600/cornelia+rias.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnrtFGKZdFjQ15V8p0hWNAwbXg_m_3E6v5svrrhyucAVOXpPRMOUug0eXlhtOvPy4q_BNFxYj1EzmwISytXdQ8eSyhUtG2NhUO6SsdXkBcX7VXzK3cw70k1GSgZHBYP8l6VXFP13t8f_oy/s1600/cornelia+rias.jpg" /></a></div>
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Gerhard accepted an offer to play the ballroom at the Kindl brewery in the borough of Neukolln. Not surprisingly, the crowd was roaring drunk and paid no mind as Froboess, on piano, led the Metropolitan Vocalists through their usual repertoire. Fortunately, Gerhard had brought Cornelia along to test out the <i>Snowman</i> song. Without the slightest qualm she stood on the stage and began singing. The clattering beer steins fell silent. The little brat had their attention, and by the end of the song Cornelia was surrounded by an unruly mob of clamouring admirers.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT7hIRvAeeF5ZsPrgzeTYMWyGRuz9QkvgR4v5Xs2uwn_xZZVXyzj_Q0u-vb8VednllMJRkTBiEDxXwQTxvbFyDrLoCqXPQdlXxnTPeBlYgFdHYlJYsnGKvQn9VISByaclC9Kc-98SGq7Kx/s1600/naughty+cornelia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT7hIRvAeeF5ZsPrgzeTYMWyGRuz9QkvgR4v5Xs2uwn_xZZVXyzj_Q0u-vb8VednllMJRkTBiEDxXwQTxvbFyDrLoCqXPQdlXxnTPeBlYgFdHYlJYsnGKvQn9VISByaclC9Kc-98SGq7Kx/s1600/naughty+cornelia.jpg" width="311" /></a></div>
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Impressed, Erica Bruning, one of Gerhard's lyricists, presented him with the words to a new song, <i>O, diese Jore</i>, about a girl who dreams of being a boy, which she'd written for Cornelia. Gerhard immediately set it to music, and it was performed by Cornelia at a talent show. Another little girl took first prize for her poetry reading. No matter; for Cornelia, singing for an audience was nothing more than play.<br />
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Another of Gerhard's lyricists, Hans Bradtke, was an architect who found work as a cartoonist after the war. He also designed covers for the sheet music published by Froboess and Budde and, realising that one could make money writing the words underneath all those little notes, decided to give it a try. His first effort was <i>Pi-pa-paddelboot</i> in 1948.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYSI2UqZvvLLZvDclklLHlM6vaxzcF9oPG70_GvbNZpBtmyVGZEEveSVZ_4RFibB6MToPJ0-g9Swe-dRMVHlkoMeaFjfZVAbyYnB0kqoiY7G50l6wnzqtbvuZYKLZkvDbTumOOa5IDc0S9/s1600/hans+bradtke+and+gerhard+froboess.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYSI2UqZvvLLZvDclklLHlM6vaxzcF9oPG70_GvbNZpBtmyVGZEEveSVZ_4RFibB6MToPJ0-g9Swe-dRMVHlkoMeaFjfZVAbyYnB0kqoiY7G50l6wnzqtbvuZYKLZkvDbTumOOa5IDc0S9/s1600/hans+bradtke+and+gerhard+froboess.jpg" width="253" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Hans Bradtke and Gerhard Froboess</span></i></td></tr>
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That spring in 1951, Bradtke suggested they collaborate on a song for Cornelia. Gerhard was open to suggestions. One morning while shaving, Bradtke came up with lyrics about swimming in the Wannsee, a lake in western Berlin, where the popular beach was always crowded. He committed the words to paper with lather still covering his face and delivered them over the phone to Gerhard, who, with equal excitement, came up with a melody almost immediately. The song was called <i>Pack die Badehose ein</i> ("Pack Your Bathing Suit"). Gerhard made a demo recording of Cornelia singing the song, but as usual it was only for home use.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8ZgkzCQstyC3O_F1FIPQ1sl4a7hMZ6h9HesV0Gi6eTYtlQlCBxQ9d3dmrHwz63kWGxShQ8iyCrwmMXccpwEmP4tgHN1kYMleVC7P-MCUSDRND4wH4jKUynz54usLkL89u6lw1FIjYD4RE/s1600/cornelia+and+gerhard+august+12+1952.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8ZgkzCQstyC3O_F1FIPQ1sl4a7hMZ6h9HesV0Gi6eTYtlQlCBxQ9d3dmrHwz63kWGxShQ8iyCrwmMXccpwEmP4tgHN1kYMleVC7P-MCUSDRND4wH4jKUynz54usLkL89u6lw1FIjYD4RE/s1600/cornelia+and+gerhard+august+12+1952.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"Dicker, lass mich doch det singen!"</span></i></td></tr>
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Gerhard made a visit to Hans Carste, head of the entertainment division at RIAS (a post-war radio station in the American sector of Berlin) to drop off some sheet music. He had taken Cornelia with him and she groaned about how boring it was waiting in the car, and asked if she could come inside. Gerhard acquiesced, and during their visit Carste gave the little girl a chocolate bar. In return for his kindness, Gerhard insisted that she sing him a song. She felt imposed upon, but nevertheless sang <i>O, diese Jore</i>. Carste was impressed enough to promise her a spot on a future radio program. Two weeks later Gerhard was asked to give a concert at the Titania Palast, a grand movie theatre in Berlin, from which RIAS regularly broadcast live shows, and to bring Cornelia along.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghmUp7axqW_T1-uYZzVEhBs1EhWAJpS_fFjPytjq0k8SEtlkT08gaeQ5CvGgHBPdflBdijYZh4iG__sHbWdLxSZAqmspxxye3vIp4MIrcYthUGV_n5jWrwlXHsBZORxFScVPwlFQrPMq9X/s1600/with+bradtke+and+father+Hor+Zu+%2336+1951.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghmUp7axqW_T1-uYZzVEhBs1EhWAJpS_fFjPytjq0k8SEtlkT08gaeQ5CvGgHBPdflBdijYZh4iG__sHbWdLxSZAqmspxxye3vIp4MIrcYthUGV_n5jWrwlXHsBZORxFScVPwlFQrPMq9X/s1600/with+bradtke+and+father+Hor+Zu+%2336+1951.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">With Hans Bradtke (top) and Dad</span><span style="font-size: small;">, from </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOR ZU</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #36 (1951)</span></i></td></tr>
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Margaret suggested that Cornelia sing <i>Pack die Badehose ein</i>, and on the day of the show in May 1951 both parents were terribly excited -- and very nervous. Cornelia had only ever sung in public twice before, in a beer hall and at a talent show. They were worried she'd freeze in front of the microphone facing an audience of a thousand. Cornelia didn't share their misgivings. She was backstage doing cartwheels. She couldn't wait to perform! <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrGtZ9tJSpIKIpO1NX9AFuzwX-IAdVL_nPl1wSjD8EJflu5Tdu21v8PSCdAB1yUdQd5VbCYu3gZ447it_m5toty0wogeaRzuTP7H9Ktxgo0Udn8Do3Py_3RS-xhMdsl99zswat8LQ_Az_K/s1600/die+kleine+cornelia+with+the+schoneberg+boys+choir.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrGtZ9tJSpIKIpO1NX9AFuzwX-IAdVL_nPl1wSjD8EJflu5Tdu21v8PSCdAB1yUdQd5VbCYu3gZ447it_m5toty0wogeaRzuTP7H9Ktxgo0Udn8Do3Py_3RS-xhMdsl99zswat8LQ_Az_K/s1600/die+kleine+cornelia+with+the+schoneberg+boys+choir.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">With the Schnoneberg Boys' Choir</span></i></td></tr>
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When it was her turn she leapt onto the chair placed in front of the microphone and sang <i>Pack die Badehose ein</i>, accompanied by the Metropolitan Vocalists. As usual, her voice, though cute, wasn't dainty. She delivered the tune in her Berlin dialect with an impudence that made it seem like she was scolding the listener. She was cheeky, uninhibited, bold -- but these qualities were all part of her charm, and she was a sensation.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYWvoCYtl-M5x0XRkfGi6TJck73VDGSU63rBrspppXVEDpGl5DFb06RNn4M-qtUzhyY0MOPaEL_FMG3nOu4-XHlXsJDaKVJEsCbYu387x8MxsBcRfZMhvcyUcMrQqwbQfe-xvWkm71mn5r/s1600/der+spiegel+32+6-8-52.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYWvoCYtl-M5x0XRkfGi6TJck73VDGSU63rBrspppXVEDpGl5DFb06RNn4M-qtUzhyY0MOPaEL_FMG3nOu4-XHlXsJDaKVJEsCbYu387x8MxsBcRfZMhvcyUcMrQqwbQfe-xvWkm71mn5r/s1600/der+spiegel+32+6-8-52.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">DER SPIEGEL</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">, August 6, 1952</span></i></td></tr>
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A few days later, the show was broadcast over RIAS, and all of Berlin was talking about Cornelia. That same day a recording was made of the song -- without her! It was given to the Schoneberg Boys Choir, under the direction of Kurt Drabek. Apparently the person responsible for this deplorable decision assumed that the song itself was the attraction, and that this unknown 7-year-old couldn't possibly sell any records. When Gerhard heard of this he was understandably irate. He demanded that his daughter be the one to sing the song, and a new recording was made. Cornelia was accompanied by a Hammond organ and, oddly, the Schoneberg Boys Choir. For the other side of the record she sang <i>Ich wunsch mir ein neues Kleidchen</i> ("I Wish For a New Dress").<br />
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The Schoneberg Boys' recording of <i>Pack die Badehose ein</i> went unnoticed, but when Electrola released Cornelia's version soon after in June 1951, just in time for summer, it was an instant hit! "Die Kleine Cornelia" shot to fame.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8aJUjyEPwBWORwEtHCsFfZdhf3JPa1EoKD0ewmNZLuVYr5Jtx2NdbD2HPbFVbTArLNrHRePEWn006t_WLqHUuvZNOSWxDpwlWkAAgGUcxuxResi4aaO7p7uFledzfcZ41elUjpVetyry6/s1600/die+kleine+cornelia+music+book.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8aJUjyEPwBWORwEtHCsFfZdhf3JPa1EoKD0ewmNZLuVYr5Jtx2NdbD2HPbFVbTArLNrHRePEWn006t_WLqHUuvZNOSWxDpwlWkAAgGUcxuxResi4aaO7p7uFledzfcZ41elUjpVetyry6/s1600/die+kleine+cornelia+music+book.jpg" width="285" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Cornelia's first music book</span></i></td></tr>
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In her wake came a succession of record companies trying to cash in. The lyrics were translated into other languages, or rewritten entirely. And where they couldn't find a little girl who could perform to their standards, they'd bring in an adult who could imitate a child's voice. But they were just flashes in the pan.<br />
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The song was popular even in the U.S. -- at least in Pittsburgh. Disc jockey Art Pallen played Cornelia's <i>Pack die Badehose ein</i> on his program at WWSW. According to an article by Win Fanning in the October 2, 1952 edition of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, "Apparently thousands of Pittsburghers were laying out some 89 cents for a record in a language they didn't understand, whose title they didn't know, sung by a little girl with an odd name in a distant land..."<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh-4Ftb9C76ewzoRwWlhIujKMhqJrZi0QCxCqmNaidqcSSs1hg1iBeJRD5fdTgG8sxSHoHerRAsBH5tXpsdHzCM0rLnhRTNGrD9AIAlzUAU2KWl-JshMSgWFtG84gr_h1rtFi8B2CeJzLm/s1600/cornelia+in+concert.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh-4Ftb9C76ewzoRwWlhIujKMhqJrZi0QCxCqmNaidqcSSs1hg1iBeJRD5fdTgG8sxSHoHerRAsBH5tXpsdHzCM0rLnhRTNGrD9AIAlzUAU2KWl-JshMSgWFtG84gr_h1rtFi8B2CeJzLm/s1600/cornelia+in+concert.jpg" width="293" /></a></div>
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Cornelia started getting fan letters. The offers came pouring in for concerts and television appearances -- and movies. She had a minor role in a film called SUNDIGE GRENZE ("Sinful Border"), which was shot from July to September. It was the first time Cornelia had ever left Berlin. The role, as originally scripted, was slightly larger, but a scooter accident left Cornelia with a split lip, and some scenes requiring close-ups had to be cut. An odd vehicle for her to debut in, the film dealt with the problem of smugglers exploiting children, using them to run contraband across the border connecting Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands.<br />
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For her next two records, Cornelia returned to her earliest songs: <i>An der Ecke steht ein Schneemann</i>, released in September as the B-side to <i>Hei, so eine Schneeballschlacht</i> ("Hey, So It's a Snowball Fight"); and <i>O, diese Jore</i>, with <i>Die Kleine mit der Mundharmonika</i> ("The Little Girl With The Harmonica"), released in February 1952. The majority of Cornelia's records would be co-written by her father, who occasionally wrote under the pseudonym Eric Langenfeld, and very often included a boys' choir, whose harmonious chorus countered the girl's sometimes harsh vocals.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Singing the "snowball fight" song. (From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">EINE NETTE BESCHERUNG</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">.)</span></i></td></tr>
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1952 was a busy year. Three new records were released, as well as two movies and an appearance in a Christmas special called EINE NETTE BESCHERUNG ("A Nice Mess"), which aired on television. She played a major role as Susanne in the comedy, DREI TAGE ANGST ("Three Days of Fear"), released in May, and a minor role in the film IDEALE FRAU GESUCHT ("Ideal Woman Sought"), released in August. <br />
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Cornelia's concerts were taking her all over Germany and other parts of Europe. She was especially popular in the Scandinavian countries. And everywhere she went Gerhard accompanied her. <br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">DAS STERNCHEN, a children's magazine supplement, from STERN #44 (November 1953)</span></i></td></tr>
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Beginning in the middle of June 1952 while they were in Mannheim, Heinz Hoffmeister, the local concert director, hired a teacher named Mrs. Muller after the school board in Berlin complained that Cornelia was absent. Mrs. Muller tutored the girl two or three hours a day in German, math and the natural sciences. Cornelia occasionally sent postcards and letters to Miss Franke, her teacher in Berlin, describing her experiences and the places she visited, perhaps to convince her that it had some educational value. She also kept a diary chronicling her travels.<br />
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She was amused by her fame. Kids came in droves to get her autograph, and she was happy to accommodate them. There's no telling how many photo cards she signed, which she did slowly and precisely, neatly and legibly, as though she were in school practising cursive letters. Nary a photo was taken of her in which she didn't have a big bow in her hair, certainly her trademark.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVE1ZHeMhZCPTwRbTy1LtC2MpVSymXqruw1A2YDnHHzz504YpfcKl-5DXQUTTLqAEsAIXQ4a7fm5vnAT1PgREb79Y8ZSYhVLesXvf5kyoMUUU6OTuGdZ7BBWF1RMJ2hqjeFzjX5x2Vl7F_/s1600/deutsche+illustrierte+november+21%252C+1953.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1579" data-original-width="1158" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVE1ZHeMhZCPTwRbTy1LtC2MpVSymXqruw1A2YDnHHzz504YpfcKl-5DXQUTTLqAEsAIXQ4a7fm5vnAT1PgREb79Y8ZSYhVLesXvf5kyoMUUU6OTuGdZ7BBWF1RMJ2hqjeFzjX5x2Vl7F_/s400/deutsche+illustrierte+november+21%252C+1953.jpg" width="292" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Deutsche Illustrierte (November 21, 1953)</i></span></td></tr>
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Through it all Cornelia remained unchanged. She still played with her dolls at home, and played with her friends in the street. She kept up her usual quota of mischief in the neighbourhood, and came home with her clothes all dirty. The lyrics to Cornelia's 1952 song, <i>Am liebsten spiele ick uff unsern Hof</i>, included the names of her friends Helga and Hannelore, probably at her behest, since the composers, Froboess and Bruning, had originally used the names Max and Walter.<br />
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A sketchy plot was devised for a film titled PACK DIE BADEHOSE EIN, with a projected Christmas 1952 release date, but the plan never came to fruition. Cornelia, in what would have been her first starring role, was to have played a tomboy, and one can imagine that she might have sung <i>O, diese Jore</i> at some point in the movie. It's unfortunate that the film wasn't made, because she never did become a movie star -- at least, not as "Die Kleine Cornelia".<br />
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1953 was a far less productive year, with three records constituting Cornelia's entire output. But she still had a busy concert schedule and travelled extensively, and was featured on magazine covers.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Postcard with still from STARPARADE</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Scene from </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">AN JEDEM FINGER ZEHN</span></td></tr>
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She appeared in two films in 1954: DIE GROSSE STARPARADE in September, and AN JEDEM FINGER ZEHN ("On Each Finger Ten") the following month. In STARPARADE, she sings <i>Ro-Ro-Ro-Ro-Robinson</i> while driving a cart drawn by a couple of ponies. In fact, the entire cast takes turns incessantly performing their own versions of the song. It's obvious from her scenes that the 10-year-old Cornelia wasn't the least bit shy, prancing, dancing and skipping along with all the energy and enthusiasm needed to make a musical successful. That year also saw the release of five records. The last disc contained <i>Ro-Ro-Ro-Ro-Robinson</i> and <i>An jedem Finger zehn</i>, taken from the two films.<br />
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Cornelia was 11 when her last film as a child was released in August of 1955. In LASS DIE SONNE WIEDER SCHEINEN ("Let the Sun Shine Again"; the title was taken from one of Cornelia's songs, released in February of 1953), she had another major role, playing a girl named Angelika. The dog (named Bimbo) used in the movie was actually Cornelia's pet.<br />
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Two records were released that year. <i>Bimbo</i>, backed with <i>Eine kleine Mandoline</i>, was released just after she'd turned 12, and it would be her last as "Die Kleine Cornelia".<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">South African EP, late 1950s</span></i></td></tr>
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She more or less took a break from music, and Die Kleine Cornelia was quickly forgotten. She reinvented herself in the late 1950s as a teen idol named "Conny", making hit records and starring in a number of movies. Conny was far more successful than Die Kleine Cornelia ever was, and the younger girl has mostly faded into obscurity. Gerhard Froboess died February 26, 1976 in Berlin.<br />
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It's unfortunate that Cornelia's potential as a major child star of the early 1950s was never fully realised, but at least Die Kleine Cornelia left one indelible mark: "Pack die Badehose ein" is still a catchphrase in Germany, even if few people remember where it came from.<br />
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-38715454874701687552014-03-19T16:42:00.001-04:002018-04-20T08:50:37.943-04:00Little Annie Rooney: Les editions etrangeres<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">How popular is <b>Little Annie Rooney</b>? Not very. She's usually dismissed as an imitation of LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE. They're both little orphan girls named Annie, and each has a dog -- but those similarities are superficial. They're very different characters. Annie Rooney's fate is written in the stars. She tries to make the best of whatever life throws at her as she drifts from town to town, charming folks with her pleasant disposition. Orphan Annie rolls up her sleeves and carves her own destiny, punching bullies in the face as she struggles to survive (that is, when she's not enjoying the comforts of a millionaire's home).</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Annie Rooney can't get a break. Little Orphan Annie is the one who says "<b>Leapin' lizards!</b>"; "<b>Gloryoski!</b>" (with a "y") is Annie Rooney's exclamation. Ken Ranaldi, whose agency was responsible for this 1983 ad, admitted that he knew nothing about comic strips. "We all thought </span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">'Rooney</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">' was [Little Orphan Annie's] last name."</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgGFzGM_YmPAjK3EUUnF3tcBHeYcOe9MqVHaCaTAzzbY1t765l1ZSl25hyphenhyphen0-g-Y4KbS3gVgCY9nzzbCh4V0VJqJkOpItXogk5-S0ilmDEXAhdHeNHLF7Q1re4dQWoxoqbxU6InbuIfkl4w/s1600/mickey+%2315+june+15,+1935.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgGFzGM_YmPAjK3EUUnF3tcBHeYcOe9MqVHaCaTAzzbY1t765l1ZSl25hyphenhyphen0-g-Y4KbS3gVgCY9nzzbCh4V0VJqJkOpItXogk5-S0ilmDEXAhdHeNHLF7Q1re4dQWoxoqbxU6InbuIfkl4w/s1600/mickey+%2315+june+15,+1935.jpg" width="321" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Darrell McClure's dailies and Sundays, as well as Nicholas Afonsky's Sundays (1934-1943), contain some of the best art ever seen in comic strips. Though not as harrowing and violent as her rival's strip, Annie Rooney's adventures are just as engaging and enchanting. It's frustrating that, in her own country, no serious attempt has ever been made to collect her adventures. In fact, there hasn't been <i>any</i> attempt <i>at all</i>.<br /><br />One of the problems might be that people have been spoon-fed nothing but superheroes for decades now. Who wants to read a story in which a little waif lends someone a hand in return for a decent meal when you can read about two superidiots tearing apart a few city blocks while pounding each other into the pavement with a bus. Annie Rooney can't compete with such swell entertainment.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie gets the cover for LE COLLECTIONNEUR DE BANDES DESSINEES #21 (April 1980).</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Perhaps it's not surprising that she isn't given fair treatment in the history books. No one's read an Annie Rooney comic since 1966. They don't remember what made the strip last for almost 40 years.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Publishers in <i>other</i> countries, however, were once keen on bringing Annie's adventures to the people, through weekly magazines containing both European and American strips (sometimes rewritten to appear domestic). Some of these publications were of professional quality, others poorly printed, with off-register colours (if any; Sundays were often reproduced in black and white) and the cheapest newsprint available.<br /><br />But the efforts were always sincere, and children were provided with a diversion from poverty and war, or something to read in the grass on a sunny day when times were good.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">LA PETITE ANNIE Vol.1 (1984)</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisJH8migL1YaVGrCVg0MVzMlbhjJyVlRzXtoiSwBQfP-7OMyUmXdbwqUmSL1Qe-YK-YUMmfO9LzTj0Z_0spplFFqjFREpSlpuBx9bfF_XC3ZlTS3NPnvV5-X5kAm3gP3qG1Hc9Q25pCgO8/s1600/la+petite+annie+vol+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisJH8migL1YaVGrCVg0MVzMlbhjJyVlRzXtoiSwBQfP-7OMyUmXdbwqUmSL1Qe-YK-YUMmfO9LzTj0Z_0spplFFqjFREpSlpuBx9bfF_XC3ZlTS3NPnvV5-X5kAm3gP3qG1Hc9Q25pCgO8/s1600/la+petite+annie+vol+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">LA PETITE ANNIE Vol. 2 (1985)</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It was the French who made the noblest effort to collect the adventures of <i>La Petite Annie</i>. Between 1957 and 1960, <i>SPE</i> (Societe Parisienne d'Edition) published 11 softcover volumes, each one a complete adventure in 46 pages. In the 1980s, <i>Futuropolis</i> released two hardcovers collecting Walsh and McClure strips from 1938 to 1940.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbC6uWO0Pq_1aGP3Lx3ZhN-FJxBa4UgJtgFIJYHOmKxgm3WHVn6xUPmvEGemm8DCGmrfClSZTUzsm6xDQ2tbV7jM9Q_bm_erh_AcMTGKHiezWv2TBRZzFmLAuUBv_iQMN635uqbHAKEA19/s1600/la+petite+annie+%231+1957.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbC6uWO0Pq_1aGP3Lx3ZhN-FJxBa4UgJtgFIJYHOmKxgm3WHVn6xUPmvEGemm8DCGmrfClSZTUzsm6xDQ2tbV7jM9Q_bm_erh_AcMTGKHiezWv2TBRZzFmLAuUBv_iQMN635uqbHAKEA19/s1600/la+petite+annie+%231+1957.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #1 "La Roulotte de la Chance" (1957)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5Mi29jW0C7rbzDfizm-qOUCsg3kiVAcpvk3vjGkAI_cE8WnwIjT5UJtFOwwTVsZ06r_VKB_g-0cvh6OfH2SBAyuTflj6L2F0K_DHZgVQcHzuLExYGpe9tmhAM5qg454HT4VJlBmAWIfQh/s1600/la+petite+annie+%232+1957.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5Mi29jW0C7rbzDfizm-qOUCsg3kiVAcpvk3vjGkAI_cE8WnwIjT5UJtFOwwTVsZ06r_VKB_g-0cvh6OfH2SBAyuTflj6L2F0K_DHZgVQcHzuLExYGpe9tmhAM5qg454HT4VJlBmAWIfQh/s1600/la+petite+annie+%232+1957.jpg" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #2 "La Vie d'Artiste" (1957)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">a page from LA VIE D'ARTISTE (1957)</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwQUrIBhzmwEN-Qemb_wTUdHPCFCcFk0g3_e7GLF58GdvvlwfUuuGKrkaL2Uzfacz9EimHTvwd0lei6YE9f3K_TpG9B_TJzGDFEaewggSAwTVXTxJeQQLhy-yjJxRmbQKLzGHrYJfS0oyk/s1600/la+petite+annie+%233+1957.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwQUrIBhzmwEN-Qemb_wTUdHPCFCcFk0g3_e7GLF58GdvvlwfUuuGKrkaL2Uzfacz9EimHTvwd0lei6YE9f3K_TpG9B_TJzGDFEaewggSAwTVXTxJeQQLhy-yjJxRmbQKLzGHrYJfS0oyk/s1600/la+petite+annie+%233+1957.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #3 "La Maison du Bonheur" (1957)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #4 "L'Aventure du Desert" (1958)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #5 "Le Millionnaire a la Jambe de Bois" (1959)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #6 "La Vengeance de l'homme Noir" (1959)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYL8HBEPirIkBCPdLtYGkX6ycbx8cangQ1iqkoKJqba086BZUDGkzpmfzC_BOFBv37m4rGkc6EwK4xkh6BRLRttOxfCouN_9j2ddc3xKlhE1QrHsKck96dLWY0huaZrRAt_Z6RxNwobTVP/s1600/la+petite+annie+%237+1959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYL8HBEPirIkBCPdLtYGkX6ycbx8cangQ1iqkoKJqba086BZUDGkzpmfzC_BOFBv37m4rGkc6EwK4xkh6BRLRttOxfCouN_9j2ddc3xKlhE1QrHsKck96dLWY0huaZrRAt_Z6RxNwobTVP/s1600/la+petite+annie+%237+1959.jpg" width="285" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #7 "La Pension des Mille Malheurs" (1959)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhND2QnsXmIlTFsR3zasIZZ8wAGEKiuCFosxogCi05UMuOQkwW9Z-3to8lzZnryYB3b5sdZi_uSZ008Alxen9snVJhnf3R-au8suUVR0HMFYPYV2nfw6EtdG9n3_D5FRFmnNKXqQaz4l5XF/s1600/la+petite+annie+%238+1959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhND2QnsXmIlTFsR3zasIZZ8wAGEKiuCFosxogCi05UMuOQkwW9Z-3to8lzZnryYB3b5sdZi_uSZ008Alxen9snVJhnf3R-au8suUVR0HMFYPYV2nfw6EtdG9n3_D5FRFmnNKXqQaz4l5XF/s1600/la+petite+annie+%238+1959.jpg" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #8 "La Route vers le Sud" (1959)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMPy3NdRJdr-tHWWwsunNIEciTq8tWLVBG59kkUZhyHqTfFz6hXVHbar4wTAnmTU07fDtRtYglrSLhC8MySMfTn7SWlMdlR68hqFB3t8MVjNxeExDayla_v4o0tmAEYyu0phBjAFAmDZ4G/s1600/la+petite+annie+%239+1959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMPy3NdRJdr-tHWWwsunNIEciTq8tWLVBG59kkUZhyHqTfFz6hXVHbar4wTAnmTU07fDtRtYglrSLhC8MySMfTn7SWlMdlR68hqFB3t8MVjNxeExDayla_v4o0tmAEYyu0phBjAFAmDZ4G/s1600/la+petite+annie+%239+1959.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #9 "Le Plus Beau Bateau du Monde" (1959)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkAA1xbU4eosnJIvDAZgVdgRoiyogd3KSo1qlMKFp-qhihAwibKIBrylT6wk19KKdxhI3lF45bT8lWgx2a5KPnmbtnH9YQiPNFsWs5VaPHzF5bgx2QMc_7WPsLiBhzXN6FuTqq1yyRfO4Z/s1600/la+petite+annie+%2310+1959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkAA1xbU4eosnJIvDAZgVdgRoiyogd3KSo1qlMKFp-qhihAwibKIBrylT6wk19KKdxhI3lF45bT8lWgx2a5KPnmbtnH9YQiPNFsWs5VaPHzF5bgx2QMc_7WPsLiBhzXN6FuTqq1yyRfO4Z/s1600/la+petite+annie+%2310+1959.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Annie</b> #10 "La Prison aux Barreaux Dores" (1959)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJOVl1lBPXa-U_lpfgkOqtciGu_-PeXoeqnbBoMf6XdFTiD6U1DevM0NvqCMokpF8u7PhRhio8oGs2u2Rnmcq1oc5-r1JT-EULy4W1GcrQ0Zq2T96AxbSzfR3MVuqPGckgYvVYiuMDtDKc/s1600/la+petite+annie+%2311+1960.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJOVl1lBPXa-U_lpfgkOqtciGu_-PeXoeqnbBoMf6XdFTiD6U1DevM0NvqCMokpF8u7PhRhio8oGs2u2Rnmcq1oc5-r1JT-EULy4W1GcrQ0Zq2T96AxbSzfR3MVuqPGckgYvVYiuMDtDKc/s1600/la+petite+annie+%2311+1960.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>La Petite Anni</b>e #11 "Une Petite Fille dans la Vitrine" (1960)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh0LDv_qk6lAsQEaQ11f1rcVXpDUP-DMrlCaCJKJwXRNYirY_X3mq5D_3AkGDsnaXIszqOT-NjRLX9jp-vDV3YjeCLTo0qrhbBZE_SCeXrPFRixC4T3T2BXnQ5aNVi5-1Ci3pufMgMf5wl/s1600/les+plus+belles+histoires+1958.jpg.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh0LDv_qk6lAsQEaQ11f1rcVXpDUP-DMrlCaCJKJwXRNYirY_X3mq5D_3AkGDsnaXIszqOT-NjRLX9jp-vDV3YjeCLTo0qrhbBZE_SCeXrPFRixC4T3T2BXnQ5aNVi5-1Ci3pufMgMf5wl/s1600/les+plus+belles+histoires+1958.jpg.JPG" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"Les Plus Belles Histoires de la Petite Annie" (1958), collecting the first four albums of Societe Parisienne d'Edition's 11-volume Annie series.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">But there had been other efforts. Paul Winkler's <i>Opera Mundi</i>, a feature syndicate, brought Disney (and other American) comics to France, most notably in the tabloid LE JOURNAL DE MICKEY, first published October 21, 1934 (despite the cover date, it was actually released October 18). MICKEY contained 8 pages of both colour and black and white comics, though the page count dropped to four after #361. Annie was in the debut issue, under the title <i>Les malheurs</i> <i>d'Annie</i>, and her adventures, mostly Nicholas Afonsky's Sundays, were featured until #477 (July 2, 1944), at which point the magazine ceased publication, a victim of anti-American fascism.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9fXNgQUc0-UBVOTzLEIXKZ6eNVystoTL6kmW8tO-p0NO3Z0cEvvlaYGNitIAHRSWqUoX_FOF3grj6qIwcW6hVVLBfaZbwPlFIPK_4AxRL7hwa0ozsQYWIwWfEtCrky1XApmbdyNROUzC2/s1600/journal+de+mickey+%231+october+21,+1934+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9fXNgQUc0-UBVOTzLEIXKZ6eNVystoTL6kmW8tO-p0NO3Z0cEvvlaYGNitIAHRSWqUoX_FOF3grj6qIwcW6hVVLBfaZbwPlFIPK_4AxRL7hwa0ozsQYWIwWfEtCrky1XApmbdyNROUzC2/s1600/journal+de+mickey+%231+october+21,+1934+b.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LE JOURNAL DE MICKEY #1 (October 21, 1934), a Walt Disney/Opera Mundi publication. Little Annie Rooney started a long run in this issue, under the title "Les malheurs d'Annie". The copy shown here is a facsimile supplement to the 2500th issue of MICKEY Vol. 2.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4j-ujG0jNcNOhwQjr8n10br4cptZBT_MlSiilgUUWKudkBCdlQsfzGFpnLPAjSGSfq0A8StuFC1RD8w8UyJK38ud8ODl4qU0cGvXRnTgyam5llWKILPE58UsxRo8quGUmh-I-W3y_DBrv/s1600/le+journal+de+mickey+album+3+-+1936.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4j-ujG0jNcNOhwQjr8n10br4cptZBT_MlSiilgUUWKudkBCdlQsfzGFpnLPAjSGSfq0A8StuFC1RD8w8UyJK38ud8ODl4qU0cGvXRnTgyam5llWKILPE58UsxRo8quGUmh-I-W3y_DBrv/s1600/le+journal+de+mickey+album+3+-+1936.JPG" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>LE JOURNAL DE MICKEY Album #3 (1937), collecting issues 105 to 156. From the 3rd album on, the covers use the same illustration.</i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Publication resumed June 1, 1952 with a new JOURNAL DE MICKEY, this time published by <i>Hachette</i> in magazine format. A 4-page test issue appeared earlier, in April. The weekly contained 16 pages, 8 of which were in colour, the others tinted. One page of each issue was devoted to Annie, who was featured until the late 1950s. Hundreds of albums collecting the issues were released. The popular magazine is still entertaining children today.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6xUmErOl37cZ_4jMFn-FCDpy0KK1UMU1RpU21pPqdTG2PA1-tGK3DrFfRwS5ToKCKxYkYSMCRWhfp9kxsLfc-NmQIne9Ms2RDeYV1WffKuaZhyphenhyphencFOxhnFzEcmZ0q4zzj8BCanGIAA70xM/s1600/journal+de+mickey+%231+1952.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6xUmErOl37cZ_4jMFn-FCDpy0KK1UMU1RpU21pPqdTG2PA1-tGK3DrFfRwS5ToKCKxYkYSMCRWhfp9kxsLfc-NmQIne9Ms2RDeYV1WffKuaZhyphenhyphencFOxhnFzEcmZ0q4zzj8BCanGIAA70xM/s1600/journal+de+mickey+%231+1952.jpg" width="302" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LE JOURNAL DE MICKEY Vol.2, #1 (June 1, 1952), published by Hachette.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEevFpXPzqsKvgR6kbif0IYxVzVn553VOZuR9bYOU49ik_lsuKkBFmqJRk6KEZOBhkxdHobD5WYjb_1uEQC4S2hmagHc4CGaAtwimqLwAA-6PXYFwxaUkWdcaZQsOA7nZmfegxyFnjK8YP/s1600/mickey+%252329.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEevFpXPzqsKvgR6kbif0IYxVzVn553VOZuR9bYOU49ik_lsuKkBFmqJRk6KEZOBhkxdHobD5WYjb_1uEQC4S2hmagHc4CGaAtwimqLwAA-6PXYFwxaUkWdcaZQsOA7nZmfegxyFnjK8YP/s1600/mickey+%252329.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">La Petite Annie, from MICKEY #29</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">LISETTE, a 16-page weekly magazine for girls that began publishing July 17, 1921, ran a full page of <i>La Petite Annie</i> from May 14, 1933 to February 4, 1934, a total of 39 episodes. Every half year a collection was issued. The magazine, published by <i>Petit Echo de la Mode</i>, continued without Annie until March 15, 1942, and then resumed publication after the War in May 1946.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmJwA_w2KQwg7VkXJmV2-x49ALyw7RQfRnieoqkn5x7AIAq1MnsVLdgYyBc_uDgcHfXGTPFWju5BbDtYwnroiUhQdYEKLaQXmSE8_6a-sxCHWlO_-SawRsiw0ykFpCZ0NTJ4rv8sP1QeYL/s1600/lisette+%2319+may+7,+1933+annie+ad.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmJwA_w2KQwg7VkXJmV2-x49ALyw7RQfRnieoqkn5x7AIAq1MnsVLdgYyBc_uDgcHfXGTPFWju5BbDtYwnroiUhQdYEKLaQXmSE8_6a-sxCHWlO_-SawRsiw0ykFpCZ0NTJ4rv8sP1QeYL/s1600/lisette+%2319+may+7,+1933+annie+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">House ad heralding the arrival of La Petite Annie to the pages of LISETTE. From #19 (May 7, 1933).</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhBrRBkGuFvcdGv-byq2pPcFBkWyVqNLLUOcTI4tq8SAm888loSytM5rYjtxQgSIUGT-IF2k_JtKaY7bIF0xYF_GKUthVVzfCM9hQZ2GkQQCKvu3ipQkVFkCUOSohAddpP_FpnMtj_77SW/s1600/lisette+%2320+may+14,+1933+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhBrRBkGuFvcdGv-byq2pPcFBkWyVqNLLUOcTI4tq8SAm888loSytM5rYjtxQgSIUGT-IF2k_JtKaY7bIF0xYF_GKUthVVzfCM9hQZ2GkQQCKvu3ipQkVFkCUOSohAddpP_FpnMtj_77SW/s1600/lisette+%2320+may+14,+1933+cover.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LISETTE #20 (May 14, 1933). Actually, it's the 618th issue, but the 20th of the year.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjywxAPMTQEDCxko0GG7aZslZNUqdbT5Enk7vA6-UyRPjltX4zfKQGMCbZaVvv0iaaQas5gh2khBmSsg_pbE1n2qFPvV92I2s20O57KENQoOKTU8D4CicsuMFY6CpGZfk8xperF1S5tyDWZ/s1600/lisette+%252320+may+14%252C+1933+first+annie.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjywxAPMTQEDCxko0GG7aZslZNUqdbT5Enk7vA6-UyRPjltX4zfKQGMCbZaVvv0iaaQas5gh2khBmSsg_pbE1n2qFPvV92I2s20O57KENQoOKTU8D4CicsuMFY6CpGZfk8xperF1S5tyDWZ/s1600/lisette+%252320+may+14%252C+1933+first+annie.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie's debut in LISETTE #20 (May 14, 1933</span></i>)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYtJnuw3UcGvmnydZtA9xaNO2n92VRiODls65QdHsEpPlp4cCC0T1TJlpADpfl9eat2irUyI_VHmNPmVsbixfh8lzE0vKc9IeCVoj_8A4hVqGg4EgXHXWUMC9JwCo61FaEay8F-rWrIEq0/s1600/lisette+%235+february+4,+1934+fin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYtJnuw3UcGvmnydZtA9xaNO2n92VRiODls65QdHsEpPlp4cCC0T1TJlpADpfl9eat2irUyI_VHmNPmVsbixfh8lzE0vKc9IeCVoj_8A4hVqGg4EgXHXWUMC9JwCo61FaEay8F-rWrIEq0/s1600/lisette+%235+february+4,+1934+fin.jpg" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie's "fin" in LISETTE #5 (February 4, 1934)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>La Petite Annie</i> also appeared in JOHNNY, LE JOURNAL DE L'AGE D'OR, published by <i>Serdim</i>, which lasted only seven issues, from May 5, 1970 to August 1, 1970. The first five issues were published weekly, and contained 24 pages each, but the sixth issue didn't hit the stands until July 1st, cut back to 8 pages. The last issue increased the page count to 16.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx6iJmdSfoFxyPITFapNceFNzxCmnNxWItqFXKN-e7z8UNKgYJ6mAjOrmXw7uEGRLotFE7sj1IezFsFDkwZTKKyH6Pt41OGbiaU1H2iNiOWe99A5CDjZf4_MZXLhmU6ngEcKrGnwZtjhEm/s1600/johnny+%237.jpg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx6iJmdSfoFxyPITFapNceFNzxCmnNxWItqFXKN-e7z8UNKgYJ6mAjOrmXw7uEGRLotFE7sj1IezFsFDkwZTKKyH6Pt41OGbiaU1H2iNiOWe99A5CDjZf4_MZXLhmU6ngEcKrGnwZtjhEm/s1600/johnny+%237.jpg.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie gets the cover in this, the last issue of JOHNNY, LE JOURNAL DE L'AGE D'OR (August 1, 1970). Whoever did the illustration of Annie at the top is best left unknown.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In Belgium, <i>Annie l'orpheline</i> appeared in <i>Dupuis</i>' successful LE JOURNAL DE SPIROU from September 27, 1945 to August 29, 1947. The magazine's page count kept going up and down in the 1940s, anywhere between 8 and 20 pages. There were some variations between the Belgian and French editions: in France, <i>Annie Rooney</i> and <i>Brick Bradford</i> were replaced with other strips after 1945.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtJw1HflGhBd6J1v0-szB7Y19t6mq9wdMX9thv-WjBWK6u9nKcFDkVApjhvaqJazflPDaZ71VF1KJTAvLww-DoEB48gMfJP6MRm5OfL9E2lCVwfE5O305e-9GdCYj4jyLvWFfFR0qsEPTt/s1600/spirou+album+16.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtJw1HflGhBd6J1v0-szB7Y19t6mq9wdMX9thv-WjBWK6u9nKcFDkVApjhvaqJazflPDaZ71VF1KJTAvLww-DoEB48gMfJP6MRm5OfL9E2lCVwfE5O305e-9GdCYj4jyLvWFfFR0qsEPTt/s1600/spirou+album+16.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie on the cover of SPIROU Album #16. Albums 15, 16 and 17 collected material from 1945, and even though Annie wasn't in #16, by the time it was released her strip was featured in the magazine. She appeared in albums 17 to 22 collecting issues from 1945 to 1947.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In Brussels, <i>Rossel</i> published LES NAUFRAGES DE L'ILE ROUGE (1974), a 46-page hardcover edition in colour, collecting strips by Walsh and McClure.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWboGvrwSsMrU7qmmMvKa5igPaeIbJYXBf4iStLuR0Chsw0mlrk9Qq5RBCPsBw49Re4KEyUZz6RFRwL8CCvefwpSe0o-Fz8W5rH9KLHrTiPhVYnoniBGxEef1sjJZdJmLTXFvtFv0yUgNf/s1600/les+naufrages+de+l%27ile+rouge.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWboGvrwSsMrU7qmmMvKa5igPaeIbJYXBf4iStLuR0Chsw0mlrk9Qq5RBCPsBw49Re4KEyUZz6RFRwL8CCvefwpSe0o-Fz8W5rH9KLHrTiPhVYnoniBGxEef1sjJZdJmLTXFvtFv0yUgNf/s1600/les+naufrages+de+l'ile+rouge.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Beautiful painted cover for LES NAUFRAGES DE L'ILE ROUGE (1974).</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3ftAs-XZqLZMTwBqzdiYMJqCDPCzs_KleiC36Fn1Eab_Tygcs1Ps73fV4qa1XMuWwgVC9mMPTYvVfNP2ES3gD-4ARt_bh9jauq40QQkVRfqmExEgY5MxZfgzOFbVKpNb4YDwTBUsLyje6/s1600/page+from+les+naufrages+de+l%27ile+rouge.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3ftAs-XZqLZMTwBqzdiYMJqCDPCzs_KleiC36Fn1Eab_Tygcs1Ps73fV4qa1XMuWwgVC9mMPTYvVfNP2ES3gD-4ARt_bh9jauq40QQkVRfqmExEgY5MxZfgzOFbVKpNb4YDwTBUsLyje6/s1600/page+from+les+naufrages+de+l'ile+rouge.jpg" width="312" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">page from LES NAUFRAGES DE L'ILE ROUGE (1974)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl7C9cvZgHzF5GoMl7GbaoH_LrKIaUxAn4yk3arr0w0wi4dA0VToRvhN1z393TXDJVMaVd4XgKjRSGp4VDa_EYDKcqpdN44lwJlv9JxTa70Nar7uxoMz0YcG2L28vD-a3LHnqzaXAg0pl7/s1600/les+naufrages+de+l%27ile+rouge+bc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl7C9cvZgHzF5GoMl7GbaoH_LrKIaUxAn4yk3arr0w0wi4dA0VToRvhN1z393TXDJVMaVd4XgKjRSGp4VDa_EYDKcqpdN44lwJlv9JxTa70Nar7uxoMz0YcG2L28vD-a3LHnqzaXAg0pl7/s1600/les+naufrages+de+l'ile+rouge+bc.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">back cover for LES NAUFRAGES DE L'ILE ROUGE (1974)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Annie enjoyed some popularity in the Netherlands. In the late 1930s, SJORS, a comic featuring the Dutch version of the character Perry Winkle from the comic strip <i>Wee Winnie Winkle</i>, included Little Annie Rooney, here titled <i>Kitty Muis en Haar Hond</i> ("Kitty Mouse and Her Dog"), and other American strips, such as <i>Prince Valiant</i> and <i>Little Mary Mixup</i>. SJORS was cancelled and revived several times over the decades, under different titles and new formats.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6-ljhzP1jLJtboHt-dAJurN_K2-1vnFFgIaSbpM3cFSojqtXQ6KkOaG2ocEhjPDruDt3rqjIiX9LI5nXcRAW9sitOHOoyP_lvBGtnYEaF26kROUKQ2jVtyWUEFDRexis4KFdO1CM95sPZ/s1600/kitty+muis+sjors.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6-ljhzP1jLJtboHt-dAJurN_K2-1vnFFgIaSbpM3cFSojqtXQ6KkOaG2ocEhjPDruDt3rqjIiX9LI5nXcRAW9sitOHOoyP_lvBGtnYEaF26kROUKQ2jVtyWUEFDRexis4KFdO1CM95sPZ/s400/kitty+muis+sjors.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Dupuis</i> began publishing ROBBEDOES, a Dutch-language edition of SPIROU, October 27, 1938. <i>Klein Annie, Het Dappere Weesje</i> ("Little Annie, the Brave Orphan") ran in colour from 1945 to 1947.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjClLwxwnqMDbA-Xf07lqApH_1Kum68EbCKCee29oRA2PyyVW5VlZ-rcg_EbSuDZe27VZoKM3k89-QAaEftuWJdqny9fXM0j8doZ0Y2ok4pKxja2pQGF3-OM9oc5N2H4-5ZrzJBqEg1PFsK/s1600/robbedoes+album+16.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjClLwxwnqMDbA-Xf07lqApH_1Kum68EbCKCee29oRA2PyyVW5VlZ-rcg_EbSuDZe27VZoKM3k89-QAaEftuWJdqny9fXM0j8doZ0Y2ok4pKxja2pQGF3-OM9oc5N2H4-5ZrzJBqEg1PFsK/s1600/robbedoes+album+16.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie in the middle of the cover of ROBBEDOES Album #16. These Dutch editions had covers identical to those of SPIROU, except for the numbering.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoE8aVbt3gjfZ5wxXgY6qFNk1D-spqTgvMzKAQVo9k1UWM4UFfSU05TuzCRnl3q_X9u9Xe0r9s8d5oJi0ELIiG4dadQgh7sTLNU71dawyvcc1MZrHA-7hTh4QMpV9cb1CDrr4BG783_1Ov/s1600/strip+1961+dutch.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoE8aVbt3gjfZ5wxXgY6qFNk1D-spqTgvMzKAQVo9k1UWM4UFfSU05TuzCRnl3q_X9u9Xe0r9s8d5oJi0ELIiG4dadQgh7sTLNU71dawyvcc1MZrHA-7hTh4QMpV9cb1CDrr4BG783_1Ov/s1600/strip+1961+dutch.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">STRIP #1 (September 1961), a Dutch family magazine containing some comics.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">18 x 25.5 cm, black and white. This issue contains a <b>Kleine Annie</b> story, "De zwervende troubadours" (the travelling minstrels)</span></span></i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The South African newspaper, <i>Die Vaderland</i>, carried a supplement called DIE BRANDWAG starting February 6, 1937, and in August DIE BRANDWAG became an independent publication, which lasted until 1965. Annie Rooney appeared under the title <i>Klein Duifie de Wet</i>.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhbc4QEqPkThyphenhyphenCJl6JxeRiMc-9UCcwe_KfowHUGAlmpbuHlVUQ9GtWAv1BAXIvAMO7UGUJjHyYUCLo92dDrbDtVmvrTvrUQj32ImKaHqe22JVBtGHIFsbqS23SZ0ZMFb13Gnwpc0qrRelX/s1600/klein+duifie+de+wet+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhbc4QEqPkThyphenhyphenCJl6JxeRiMc-9UCcwe_KfowHUGAlmpbuHlVUQ9GtWAv1BAXIvAMO7UGUJjHyYUCLo92dDrbDtVmvrTvrUQj32ImKaHqe22JVBtGHIFsbqS23SZ0ZMFb13Gnwpc0qrRelX/s1600/klein+duifie+de+wet+2.jpg" width="244" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Annie in
the July 26, 1963 issue of DIE BRANDWAG, with redrawn art and a little
tinting. Whoever placed the Afrikaans text in the word balloons must
have been drunk.</span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Annika</i> and her dog <i>Tipp</i> appeared in the AFTONBLADET newspaper in the <i>Livets lustiga</i> <i>latituder</i> section, the first comics page in Sweden.<br /><br /><i>Lille Annie Rooney</i> enjoyed a long run in KONG KYLIE, published by <i>Aller Press</i> in Denmark, which came out weekly from December 31, 1948 until its cancellation after September 30, 1955. The title of the magazine took its name from the American strip, <i>The Little King</i>, and Otto Soglow's character appeared along the left side of the covers from the first issue until January 4, 1952. Illustrated covers were replaced by photo covers from December 30, 1949 until January 5, 1951. For half of its run, the magazine contained 16 pages, but the count increased to 32 pages from January 11, 1952, at which point two Annie strips began appearing in each issue. In total, there were over 430 strips used.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">KONG KYLIE also featured many other American strips: <i>Hopalong Cassidy</i> (William Boyd); <i>Tom Cooper</i> (Roy Crane); <i>Archie</i> (Bob Montana); <i>Steve Canyon</i> (Milt Caniff); <i>Dickie Dar</i>e (Fran Matera, later Coulton Waugh); <i>The Phantom</i> (Lee Falk and Ray Moore); <i>Little Iodine</i> (Jimmy Hatlo); <i>Dick Tracy</i> (Chester Gould); <i>Superman</i> (Siegel and Shuster); and <i>Cynthia</i> (Irv Novick). Herge's <i>Tintin</i> was also present.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmm0PBM4asAvtZEofYFueixtI9FoW_mM4Lg8hvdFlLC8kp2O639YhSzJQySvGq_QF1xyVOhtc1iZ50tTOiPzsfELc_t_qD0NgDjmzyGC5gXbHxSdhQmETay-Fm1jnIgY7ijVK0mGuNtMmZ/s1600/kong+kylie+%2318+-+1952+annie+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmm0PBM4asAvtZEofYFueixtI9FoW_mM4Lg8hvdFlLC8kp2O639YhSzJQySvGq_QF1xyVOhtc1iZ50tTOiPzsfELc_t_qD0NgDjmzyGC5gXbHxSdhQmETay-Fm1jnIgY7ijVK0mGuNtMmZ/s1600/kong+kylie+%2318+-+1952+annie+cover.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Annie cover for KONG KYLIE #18 (April 1952). The numbering starts over with each new year.</span></i></span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGXmGLNXoP6ygddTsh8ZuMqu5ERgudCpQW7H3uBeLBydJm4OGQaL3I4JopCsTru294ADNmKLznMc-fMWahYIATpZDKjmjNN9Hc4FB1SD9S6SPb1TIrlPX8RI08BKLYmuZIJiX59z_Q-FEe/s1600/kong+kylie+%2317+-+1954+annie+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGXmGLNXoP6ygddTsh8ZuMqu5ERgudCpQW7H3uBeLBydJm4OGQaL3I4JopCsTru294ADNmKLznMc-fMWahYIATpZDKjmjNN9Hc4FB1SD9S6SPb1TIrlPX8RI08BKLYmuZIJiX59z_Q-FEe/s1600/kong+kylie+%2317+-+1954+annie+cover.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie cover for KONG KYLIE #17 (April 1954)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg6ScDvbyJeDepoybCE3o5TW1w_CJOuDDYziFKRByPKOsVJHNI-0RRwsDx5MsWOWNhvoJH2PbIRYO-5ZYOm_qu3Gr2KDPbw0U8Q_aAFdptJhyphenhyphenU2gf2ctoXjH1EKsAlu8rFQIa8GLBpzG8N/s1600/kong+kylie+%2318+-+1955+annie+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg6ScDvbyJeDepoybCE3o5TW1w_CJOuDDYziFKRByPKOsVJHNI-0RRwsDx5MsWOWNhvoJH2PbIRYO-5ZYOm_qu3Gr2KDPbw0U8Q_aAFdptJhyphenhyphenU2gf2ctoXjH1EKsAlu8rFQIa8GLBpzG8N/s1600/kong+kylie+%2318+-+1955+annie+cover.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie cover for KONG KYLIE #18 (April 1955)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhg06OaGcTd3OKk1uaeWVSfA_WliO2VfhXp4DTc8hkyhLf3Y5tayPahL1iRMtFhn9qGb3_WfmcItNLcocwsfk4NFmnNCqvr6Wu7wsm9NpqRa5mG3E3s5BJ56jhBV51e5smygqiNEPza1q0b/s1600/kong+kylie+%2328+1955+annie+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhg06OaGcTd3OKk1uaeWVSfA_WliO2VfhXp4DTc8hkyhLf3Y5tayPahL1iRMtFhn9qGb3_WfmcItNLcocwsfk4NFmnNCqvr6Wu7wsm9NpqRa5mG3E3s5BJ56jhBV51e5smygqiNEPza1q0b/s1600/kong+kylie+%2328+1955+annie+cover.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie cover for KONG KYLIE #28 (July 1955)</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Annie, as <b>Annabella</b>, appeared under the title <i>La cintura di diamanti</i> ("the diamond belt") in the Italian paper, L'AUDACE ("the bold"), published by <i>Societa Anonima Editrice Vecchi</i>. At first, L'AUDACE contained British comics, but the unsuccessful magazine was revamped with issue #60 (February 23, 1935), now comprised of American strips, with much better printing.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>La cintura di diamanti</i> ran in L'AUDACE from February 23, 1935 until June 1, 1935 (issue #74), using Nicholas Afonsky's Sunday strips originally published June 6 to September 2, 1934. It was during that period that <b>Ming Foo</b> was introduced, before being spun off into a Sunday strip of his own, also by Walsh and Afonsky. The last episode of <i>La cintura</i> was presented in black and white.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3EfoE7y0zrZ6FvF8qsk78LSB4mnsKiYQZd9-j9VnkIdaNYIh8Oxh5n30qrJ3Zzg-rnW-95aA7CjsHwd_y7_pkaKbe8urQGoGMEiWfkRidFrSe5ue1YcJkf54_ZCguUzE9GY9RzhVg3vCs/s1600/l%2527audace+-+la+cintura+di+diamanti.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3EfoE7y0zrZ6FvF8qsk78LSB4mnsKiYQZd9-j9VnkIdaNYIh8Oxh5n30qrJ3Zzg-rnW-95aA7CjsHwd_y7_pkaKbe8urQGoGMEiWfkRidFrSe5ue1YcJkf54_ZCguUzE9GY9RzhVg3vCs/s1600/l%2527audace+-+la+cintura+di+diamanti.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie was named "Annabella" in the pages of the Italian tabloid, L'AUDACE.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Annie (this time as "<b>Susetta Runi</b>") also graced the pages of I TRE PORCELLINI ("the three little pigs"), an 8-page tabloid published by <i>Mondadori</i>. <i>Susetta Runi</i> first appeared in #49 (February 27, 1936) and continued until #98 (February 4, 1937), a total of 50 issues. #93 was a 16-page issue, double the usual length, but still sold for the same price of 25 centesimi. After issue #98, I TRE PORCELLINI merged with TOPOLINO ("Mickey Mouse") as TOPOLINO, GRANDI AVVENTURE #216 (February 11, 1937), now sporting 16 pages, 8 in colour, 8 in black and white. (Previously, the individual magazines contained 8 pages.) Unfortunately, <i>Susetta</i> wasn't invited to join this new publishing venture.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Nerbini made two attempts at collecting Annie strips under the name "Le avventure di Betta". Both were published on July 15, 1939: LA FUGA DELLA PICCOLA EREDITIERA and IL TRIONFO DELLA VERITA. A third book, L'AVVENTURA DI BETTA (1935) is too often identified as one of the series. In fact, it's a collection of Les Forgrave's comic strip, <i>Big Sister</i>, which he drew from 1928 to 1954, before it was taken over by Bob Naylor until he retired in 1972. <i>Big Sister</i> follows the adventures of Beth and her little brother, Buddy. Annie Rooney's Italian name, <i>La piccola Betta</i>, and Beth's Italian name, <i>Betta</i>, are only part of the confusion. Both strips are of a similar vintage, both characters had their dark hair cut in a bob, the Nerbini books had similar titles, and all had covers illustrated by Giove Toppi.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Above and below: Nerbini's Annie Rooney collections, issued simultaneously in 1939</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR2qv3XarlN1UZtX6kZdhKBEaz8HPAFuzWdKZyHlFBMfjqxnGNU5j2ETSmpO3Be_cO7Ufqd_O8xdo2O0sA_s4lnUYvbKAn3_MYLx7Q_zuk7qkI9QIt_oc4OsTbpOwK2dT26KPcKwXhhFtC/s1600/le+avventure+di+betta.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1098" data-original-width="1578" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR2qv3XarlN1UZtX6kZdhKBEaz8HPAFuzWdKZyHlFBMfjqxnGNU5j2ETSmpO3Be_cO7Ufqd_O8xdo2O0sA_s4lnUYvbKAn3_MYLx7Q_zuk7qkI9QIt_oc4OsTbpOwK2dT26KPcKwXhhFtC/s400/le+avventure+di+betta.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A total of nine issues of Nerbini Editore's ALBI SMERALDO were published in 1947, and four of them (#s 1, 3, 5 and 7) were dedicated to La Piccola Betta. All nine issues were subsequently bound into an album.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>ALBI SMERALDO #1 (April 13, 1947)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>ALBI SMERALDO #3 (May 11, 1947)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>ALBI SMERALDO #5 (June 8, 1947)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>ALBI SMERALDO #7 (July 13, 1947)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-WYDqiP0fcplsk_zPCPi8fIjXwkV-xsLrqhbJ-lSmSwO8W1-HxbULji9JWhjbgDWfeHM6fd0cL_5kGzSnMZnjNNF8P2Nzrv0zXXn0voNDoMNSEV65OtWU3NEkJR-zqdWisfiTazufFo_u/s1600/la+piccola+betta+italy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-WYDqiP0fcplsk_zPCPi8fIjXwkV-xsLrqhbJ-lSmSwO8W1-HxbULji9JWhjbgDWfeHM6fd0cL_5kGzSnMZnjNNF8P2Nzrv0zXXn0voNDoMNSEV65OtWU3NEkJR-zqdWisfiTazufFo_u/s1600/la+piccola+betta+italy.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LA PICCOLA BETTA (April 1976), published by Comic Art (Italy). Hardcover; 22 x 31.5 cm. The pages aren't numbered, but there's about 260 of 'em. Uses strips from August 31, 1932 to December 30, 1933, and from January 1 to December 31, 1938.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0B3kHtTCa_yuvcme-m4lIBraTO3BNJaWRIZJ8_BnhSKGYXTdk6AGRV3V-mX5JciCsTJ9SCfaLpyJjRrDdGfgdlUzuE70MLZSlYMa0ME89WRsV6sxQU6HTQUnAFX_07LubHKeuLZuFiUS-/s1600/sgt+kirk+%2318.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0B3kHtTCa_yuvcme-m4lIBraTO3BNJaWRIZJ8_BnhSKGYXTdk6AGRV3V-mX5JciCsTJ9SCfaLpyJjRrDdGfgdlUzuE70MLZSlYMa0ME89WRsV6sxQU6HTQUnAFX_07LubHKeuLZuFiUS-/s1600/sgt+kirk+%2318.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie appears on the cover of SGT. KIRK #18 (December 1968), a black and white Italian magazine. She was called "<b>Betta</b>" in this issue. SGT. KIRK was published infrequently from #1 (July 1967) to #30 (December 1969), and again from #31 (March 1973) to #58 (November/December 1978).</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Las peripecias de Annie Rooney</i> ("The Adventures of Annie Rooney") appeared in MICKEY, REVISTA INFANTIL ILUSTRADA, the Spanish edition of LE JOURNAL DE MICKEY. The tabloid, which contained Disney and King Features material, lasted from March 9, 1935 to August 8, 1936, a total of 74 issues. Annie wasn't in the first few.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfGwMhlMuiR3spRN4crHkxsDEYmh6n_exJroVzcK5gWb6uR_aCVNEdkxZPLANc1ElnE6Xpb7AN-xYIAuiTD5nmBIcOPdtaPHB-1Lz4OiMe3Gp4h4EPU57S1bn-mDd3oSvsqc-1EDuorYRT/s1600/las+peripecias+de+annie+rooney.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfGwMhlMuiR3spRN4crHkxsDEYmh6n_exJroVzcK5gWb6uR_aCVNEdkxZPLANc1ElnE6Xpb7AN-xYIAuiTD5nmBIcOPdtaPHB-1Lz4OiMe3Gp4h4EPU57S1bn-mDd3oSvsqc-1EDuorYRT/s1600/las+peripecias+de+annie+rooney.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Las Peripecias de Annie Rooney (by Nicholas Afonsky), from MICKEY, REVISTA INFANTIL ILUSTRADA, the Spanish edition of LE JOURNAL DE MICKEY.</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiegQCPEzTfVy7msqNtKMZ78eS5W65ru6OC8z1ZlnnU3ywBy6gwWFfE54BGdOUxU04aNQeDWHBjAD2XfRF9HHtajoexdommEevwee8DwbESZhvkBxOdphlG_RmvXMqa-x5_mycw6EqUn1cs/s1600/mickey+%2360.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiegQCPEzTfVy7msqNtKMZ78eS5W65ru6OC8z1ZlnnU3ywBy6gwWFfE54BGdOUxU04aNQeDWHBjAD2XfRF9HHtajoexdommEevwee8DwbESZhvkBxOdphlG_RmvXMqa-x5_mycw6EqUn1cs/s1600/mickey+%2360.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Las Peripecias de Annie Rooney, from MICKEY, REVISTA INFANTIL ILUSTRADA.</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">She was known as "<b>Pikku Anni</b>" ("Little Annie") in the bi-weekly SARJAKUVALEHTI ("comic book"), published in Finland by <i>Valiolehdet Oy</i>. The 24-page magazine reprinted American strips, in colour and in black and white, at 22 x 28 cm, but with #19 in 1957 they switched to tabloid size.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A page of <i>Pikku Anni</i> strips ran from #1 in 1949 until #16 in 1959, a total of 248 issues. (As with most of the European weeklies already mentioned, the numbering started over with each new year.) The magazine continued until #317 in 1963, but ran only two features, printed in black and white.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Pikku Anni</b> begins a long association with SARJAKUVALEHTI with their first issue in 1949.</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMxR4pEUvbXT3Jmdta6Uv64jsMfZzHWjijT0ImZT0NJiO3OcNWo4FxAbY5i97Gcyi3AfhZOz70bakwywbNxkq8ck6m6JHvZTrAkUs6uXlwENmhvGFB8KNknjwX7u48LhvZPlOc6bBsxtCN/s1600/sarjakuvalehti+pikku+anni.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMxR4pEUvbXT3Jmdta6Uv64jsMfZzHWjijT0ImZT0NJiO3OcNWo4FxAbY5i97Gcyi3AfhZOz70bakwywbNxkq8ck6m6JHvZTrAkUs6uXlwENmhvGFB8KNknjwX7u48LhvZPlOc6bBsxtCN/s1600/sarjakuvalehti+pikku+anni.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">a <b>Pikku Anni</b> page from SARJAKUVALEHTI</span></i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi36oULm6ErQsIvUwC8CvZN2t9kVv_x-1BIsGonJOiGpFPFxwDT8V1_IbfbI2OfejlLW1NqROa_-fGtOXifdV2pvTG7VEvc0YOrLKfS609y1tygTiFKx7aDTHu5On_37C1q84Tv-UxUc-JI/s1600/Suuri+Sarjakuvakirja+%25232.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi36oULm6ErQsIvUwC8CvZN2t9kVv_x-1BIsGonJOiGpFPFxwDT8V1_IbfbI2OfejlLW1NqROa_-fGtOXifdV2pvTG7VEvc0YOrLKfS609y1tygTiFKx7aDTHu5On_37C1q84Tv-UxUc-JI/s1600/Suuri+Sarjakuvakirja+%25232.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">SUURI
SARJAKUVAKIRJA #2 (1985); published in Finland by Jalava; 151 pgs; black
and white. They reprinted 11 pages of Annie's Sunday strips, from
October 23, 1949 to January 1, 1950.</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">WIOSENKA, a Polish weekly for girls published by <i>Prasa Popularna</i>, featured <i>Ania Sierotka</i> ("Annie the Orphan") and other strips including <i>Little Miss Muffet</i>, <i>Betty Boop</i>, <i>Tillie the Toiler</i>, <i>Etta Kett</i>, and <i>Laurel and Hardy</i>. The 8-page tabloid ran from May 30, 1937 to August 27, 1939. It was printed in black and white, with some colour, on cheap paper, and contained little information on the artists and writers and original dates of strips.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-xANwdw6lGaVlncoWBBO6x_mvRgGQGjBkjRxtAWtWkX6XNalEe6RAaDkGjO7JYsAJ2yE0FGwF19Y1llpzPVmbtIzqShpQ3berAQiD2LwIsDh7xxnEfHimp0TaFv3sY7xRnXs9RS-ZyzI6/s1600/wiosenka+%231+may+30,+1937+b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-xANwdw6lGaVlncoWBBO6x_mvRgGQGjBkjRxtAWtWkX6XNalEe6RAaDkGjO7JYsAJ2yE0FGwF19Y1llpzPVmbtIzqShpQ3berAQiD2LwIsDh7xxnEfHimp0TaFv3sY7xRnXs9RS-ZyzI6/s1600/wiosenka+%231+may+30,+1937+b.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">WIOSENKA #1 (May 30, 1937). A few little Annie Rooney heads can be seen in the margins.</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbLel6k7hqKLem0E3xvM834KcyNR1kpnbBztkaQaLHU81DtlpCuMxWv1eRB1lXbOrGnM4eXLKx6kHPKMPcBf2HhxoqeG7Rn_TC_7q8OoRnCptyLKj0BgmzHircWIuljT2IXoL4DYYIrLf9/s1600/ania+sierotka.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbLel6k7hqKLem0E3xvM834KcyNR1kpnbBztkaQaLHU81DtlpCuMxWv1eRB1lXbOrGnM4eXLKx6kHPKMPcBf2HhxoqeG7Rn_TC_7q8OoRnCptyLKj0BgmzHircWIuljT2IXoL4DYYIrLf9/s1600/ania+sierotka.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Ania Sierotka, from WIOSENKA</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">SWIAT PRZYGOD ("world of adventures") ran from October 24, 1935 to August 27, 1939, had an identical format to WIOSENKA, and also featured <i>Ania Sierotka</i> and other American strips. The magazine resumed publication after the war as NOWY SWIAT PRZYGOD, but <i>Nowy</i> ("new") was soon dropped from the title.<br /><br />In Belgrade, Annie was published under the title <i>Dozivljaji male Ane</i> ("the adventures of little Annie") in PAJA PATAK ("Donald Duck"), beginning with the first issue, released October 2, 1938. The 16-page Serbian-language magazine, which contained some original strips, was cancelled after #24 (January 18, 1939). <i>Dozivljaji male Ane</i> also ran in a comic where Mickey Mouse was the main feature, MIKIJEVE NOVINE. This 8-page comic was actually the 2nd series, which was resurrected in 1954 and perished again the same year. Annie appeared in all 11 issues.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIJzAxeG6Y5p0GODXJ4simTr3kwuV3OseLESoK_5DKzFk4eZyf4kmJCQID6prwpc6oWtpobepC2kGFvK-N7ar7M4apx4ClV7d1trQPe8hq7q2M8xDpjNkaGFtewXu3BSO1n4HXgqgLaouW/s1600/paja+patak+%252321+jan+4%252C+1939.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="600" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIJzAxeG6Y5p0GODXJ4simTr3kwuV3OseLESoK_5DKzFk4eZyf4kmJCQID6prwpc6oWtpobepC2kGFvK-N7ar7M4apx4ClV7d1trQPe8hq7q2M8xDpjNkaGFtewXu3BSO1n4HXgqgLaouW/s400/paja+patak+%252321+jan+4%252C+1939.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Annie (and good ol' Felix the Cat) on the cover of PAJA PATAK #21 (January 4, 1939)</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_o00Z7JCDOi49Ji8Siw3HYTMeTYYKAUz5J63EhdOY6fkO2o1Q2-XFcZTZ96eBWNPP8FCzcgv3M0RXE06L5B1Jbgi6R-7eq5fTtwmVpHhWpZZLXq4IpXGc3cLuVnZGGMAgsdqPKho4DbxK/s1600/serbian+annie.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="135" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_o00Z7JCDOi49Ji8Siw3HYTMeTYYKAUz5J63EhdOY6fkO2o1Q2-XFcZTZ96eBWNPP8FCzcgv3M0RXE06L5B1Jbgi6R-7eq5fTtwmVpHhWpZZLXq4IpXGc3cLuVnZGGMAgsdqPKho4DbxK/s1600/serbian+annie.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Annie in Serbian</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Dozivljaji male Ane</i> also ran in POLITIKIN ZABAVNIK, the children's section of <i>Politika </i>newspaper. The first issue of the 12-page section appeared February 28, 1939 and ran twice a week (Tuesdays and Fridays) until #220, April 4, 1941. It was relaunched in 1952.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYJvJrvg8l1WKpiAh8BqyGfy8A6HFwW1S90McCzzOK437IzcKDbPITtT1MoKIrNb_a4yV6nKikgVgVdrucoVK0YE-l3HjNWE9VB3hmVQ8cOhw2bEwi0cs6S7bb6hKdXWnEOZBwuq0PLZzL/s1600/politikin+zabavnik+feb+28,+1939+1st.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYJvJrvg8l1WKpiAh8BqyGfy8A6HFwW1S90McCzzOK437IzcKDbPITtT1MoKIrNb_a4yV6nKikgVgVdrucoVK0YE-l3HjNWE9VB3hmVQ8cOhw2bEwi0cs6S7bb6hKdXWnEOZBwuq0PLZzL/s1600/politikin+zabavnik+feb+28,+1939+1st.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">What's black and white and read all over? POLITIKIN ZABAVNIK #1 (February 28, 1939). </span></span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In EL PLATO DONALD, Annie was published as <i>La Pequena Anita</i>. The 28-page magazine used Darrell McClure's Sunday pages, but in black and white. <i>Anita</i> started with the first issue, July 18, 1944, but didn't last too long.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVUb0_n2zUgkiwA39OqfIpp1YG9itFq0alxxSEsVkAl98JJCmg53uq8pRq6ytln-bZAein_4NHU8-RXrhqdbKdPFMhCkAk7vzxGCY3S4Qhjnp5gxa-IN0NMuQoDyGxUVU0YG8NVevUhbgg/s1600/la+pequena+anita.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVUb0_n2zUgkiwA39OqfIpp1YG9itFq0alxxSEsVkAl98JJCmg53uq8pRq6ytln-bZAein_4NHU8-RXrhqdbKdPFMhCkAk7vzxGCY3S4Qhjnp5gxa-IN0NMuQoDyGxUVU0YG8NVevUhbgg/s1600/la+pequena+anita.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">La Pequena Anita, from EL PLATO DONALD</span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">FLORITA was a Spanish comic published by <i>Ediciones Cliper</i> for young girls that ran from 1949 until 1959, then continued until 1961 by <i>Hispano Americana de Ediciones</i>. <b>Peripecias de Annie Rooney</b> began with #331 in 1956 and ran in various issues until 1957.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisEjD0X8pm0NZS_Syk7l_RB-J-SccBvGi32Hz8sA8bjJ1MdpEKfvdJ6G1mf7LlZgCfSfqr7NsWhzehpzKPGrfvBaWIOmQKsqcLrZj8jKcj_StrqerW2YvJLRUDFHn6yuLwr9hxnYis6HQE/s1600/florita+331+%25281956%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="986" data-original-width="720" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisEjD0X8pm0NZS_Syk7l_RB-J-SccBvGi32Hz8sA8bjJ1MdpEKfvdJ6G1mf7LlZgCfSfqr7NsWhzehpzKPGrfvBaWIOmQKsqcLrZj8jKcj_StrqerW2YvJLRUDFHn6yuLwr9hxnYis6HQE/s400/florita+331+%25281956%2529.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">FLORITA #331 (1956)</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9i6cMAKbmhVE4S4ucraSvVruzoYZ6UbCrdLWsT9lzNF6yrWBRg_yLX8YoyebydW0BlIZcwyrZfAPpfOzpLpp9e7vCBFKG6Wa4PfBIsTbDFlxz93dBCz1m5KQQYk37F-33zWhJ2GILz9zy/s1600/florita+%2523331.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1108" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9i6cMAKbmhVE4S4ucraSvVruzoYZ6UbCrdLWsT9lzNF6yrWBRg_yLX8YoyebydW0BlIZcwyrZfAPpfOzpLpp9e7vCBFKG6Wa4PfBIsTbDFlxz93dBCz1m5KQQYk37F-33zWhJ2GILz9zy/s400/florita+%2523331.jpg" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Peripecias de Annie Rooney, from FLORITA #331 (1956)</i></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">"Tebeo", the Spanish word for comic, was derived from TBO, a magazine first published in 1917. The 1952 series of TBO introduced <i>La pequena Annie</i> in the January 8, 1965 issue, reprinting Little Annie Rooney Sundays from 1963 to 1965. TBO's final Annie strip appeared in the May 6, 1966 issue.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">TBO was reincarnated yet again (Ediciones B) in 1988. <i>Anita y sus amigos</i>, and ran from issue #9 (October 1988) until #22 (November 1989), reprinting Sunday strips from March 18, 1951 to January 20, 1952.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI3Ah8_W5jr26UO5V0pinU-l08VLNryJyA40ieth4KuntAhFzlYV01CSsQq5ts0BjB3FxltsdSBKiUobS8uzK_yj-XyI1gvjL1cnMDKebQJGNzF7Zs7BLf6rIPG-xqyxtxdxPpOf00_5c2/s1600/tbo+%2523376+1965.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="700" data-original-width="514" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI3Ah8_W5jr26UO5V0pinU-l08VLNryJyA40ieth4KuntAhFzlYV01CSsQq5ts0BjB3FxltsdSBKiUobS8uzK_yj-XyI1gvjL1cnMDKebQJGNzF7Zs7BLf6rIPG-xqyxtxdxPpOf00_5c2/s400/tbo+%2523376+1965.jpg" width="292" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">La pequena Annie made her debut in TBO #376 (January 8, 1965)</span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">PIF PAF, a comic published by <i>Editorial Tor</i>, devoted entire issues to single characters -- just about every comic strip that existed at the time. These pirated issues were poorly printed on the cheapest of paper, in black and white, with colour (such as it was) on the covers. PIF-PAF #96 (June 7, 1956) presented a 68-page story, "Llego el Circo", starring <b>Anita y su perrito Cero</b> ("Annie and her dog Zero"), by Darrell McClure.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5OGFbG3pJVBGyvY2_D-CEY2YzHbHECSm-Hz3M4uLyWV7OI4utQxLgzR4ok0N7YleY_80RUWqePgt6mdCOI3p6xjDr4kDmYAKifEtIZwhhsWeeh5cGnWuLAwUEk8W-p5SGxp2rFlQSNa3A/s1600/anita+annie+roonie+pif+paf+%2396.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5OGFbG3pJVBGyvY2_D-CEY2YzHbHECSm-Hz3M4uLyWV7OI4utQxLgzR4ok0N7YleY_80RUWqePgt6mdCOI3p6xjDr4kDmYAKifEtIZwhhsWeeh5cGnWuLAwUEk8W-p5SGxp2rFlQSNa3A/s1600/anita+annie+roonie+pif+paf+%2396.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Anita and her dog Cero, in "Llego el Circo", from PIF-PAF #96 (June 7, 1956).</span></i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOWeD01wrZCO8Jv8jwdfDEF12LIkTwQfLDXl7vpckanl0nL5OxLD64MCSq2dMurohjcjdZCZ3GEnMNbFYIqkRhdmsID1vBvnkXRvWe844VxADBowroYvADkAvDo722jBXCQgvk-BaakDd7/s1600/pif+paf+%2396+pg13.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOWeD01wrZCO8Jv8jwdfDEF12LIkTwQfLDXl7vpckanl0nL5OxLD64MCSq2dMurohjcjdZCZ3GEnMNbFYIqkRhdmsID1vBvnkXRvWe844VxADBowroYvADkAvDo722jBXCQgvk-BaakDd7/s1600/pif+paf+%2396+pg13.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The quality of the printing in PIF-PAF isn't good, but Darrell McClure's amazing artwork makes up for it.</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhHd4HgenhXUekrTZbSu3acNWjc1wVMM4k7urnzpKZZ0u1nXA5CT69-vE_jF7yR-yQQ92OmUVLCX02PPgAukp8rCtOnyPdOvjb9KoZdlLNRigoLX0pWtDYj8UX1Zki8lFx5QMjQ5WEX4Di/s1600/anita+pif+paf+%2396+back+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhHd4HgenhXUekrTZbSu3acNWjc1wVMM4k7urnzpKZZ0u1nXA5CT69-vE_jF7yR-yQQ92OmUVLCX02PPgAukp8rCtOnyPdOvjb9KoZdlLNRigoLX0pWtDYj8UX1Zki8lFx5QMjQ5WEX4Di/s1600/anita+pif+paf+%2396+back+cover.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The back cover of PIF-PAF #96. Everyone in this circus -- including Annie -- pushes their own weight.</span></span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cheap newsprint, faded printing, poor colours, black and white Sundays. It didn't matter. What mattered is that someone made an effort to publish these comics. And somewhere, for an hour at least, some kid was able to curl up in a chair and enjoy some exciting adventures!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>(Read more about Annie <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.ca/2013/07/little-annie-rooney.html"><u>here</u></a>)</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-81805210564114646142014-03-05T13:41:00.000-05:002019-01-12T22:31:53.455-05:00Steve Gerber: Music<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Occasionally, a comic book will contain a reference to a singer or musical group, or a character might sing a line from a popular song, but when it comes to Steve Gerber, "occasionally" doesn't apply. The comics he's written throughout his career contain numerous references to music. As Gerber tells it, his most famous creation, Howard the Duck, came to him during a trance-like state brought on by a neighbour's salsa music, pounding incessantly while he was at his typewriter plotting FEAR #19, which was to feature the duck's first appearance.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuYiJM4RQXUv8ejZ69B_fbzEVYuirb6r87qLcM6Zu-QRz2Fo95b7Qxhiqq5JnlOX7SYahAnqUT0bNb7jOK9LOcD11CRJdn6TRldwdc8ymchXsu17wbZ8cuZJWpAxaDqnMLlhloLVWAz0kS/s1600/daredevil+good+day+sunshine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuYiJM4RQXUv8ejZ69B_fbzEVYuirb6r87qLcM6Zu-QRz2Fo95b7Qxhiqq5JnlOX7SYahAnqUT0bNb7jOK9LOcD11CRJdn6TRldwdc8ymchXsu17wbZ8cuZJWpAxaDqnMLlhloLVWAz0kS/s1600/daredevil+good+day+sunshine.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Things were obviously looking up for <b>DD</b> when he sang this pleasant tune from the <b>Beatles</b>' </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Revolver</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> album. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">DAREDEVIL</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #56 (September 1969).</span></i></td></tr>
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Musically, Gerber was stuck in the 1960s, a decade when he was in his teens and early 20s, and a lot of the lyrics of that generation's music never lost their relevance for him. "People have asked me what the major influences on my work have been," said Gerber, "and it's the tone of the late '60s rock music...that's what I'm interested in conveying in comic books."<br />
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He often cited the Beatles in particular as a big influence. "I think my sense of rhythm and words derives as much from the Beatles as it does from any of the writers I've ever read." But it was more than just the Beatles' music itself that inspired his work: "The way they approached their art -- as a living, growing, ever-evolving, ever-changing endeavor -- has been the way I’ve chosen to approach my work as a writer." <br />
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There were others, of course: "...early Stones, early Dylan, Frank Zappa, the Fugs, Simon & Garfunkel, a lot of early rock and roll, early Motown and Stax/Volt soul, some jazz."<br />
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While attending St. Louis University in the 1960s, Gerber worked as a disc jockey on KBIL (later KSLU), a student-run radio station which served as a training ground for a career in broadcasting, something he'd been considering. Instead, he found himself writing advertising copy, the spurious claims eating away at his soul.<br />
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In 1972 Roy Thomas was able to put Gerber out of his misery by getting him a job at Marvel Comics. Gerber, a comic book fan since childhood (he'd launched his own fanzine, HEADLINE, at the age of 14), had known Roy long before he'd started working for Marvel in 1965.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg46Xi3Ovgr6yDJG2BaEEBFHUPExo3MXW4N_btaEzlhYLAUb1x45m7BBL1LjoXqgqZZq6ERNyZumfgbgK0jaBn91WFTQpzw20MdKuPxn07Je61NdGQhbap6iRbxf2XDlvbHjK4-w5IirUxq/s1600/fear+14+kill.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg46Xi3Ovgr6yDJG2BaEEBFHUPExo3MXW4N_btaEzlhYLAUb1x45m7BBL1LjoXqgqZZq6ERNyZumfgbgK0jaBn91WFTQpzw20MdKuPxn07Je61NdGQhbap6iRbxf2XDlvbHjK4-w5IirUxq/s1600/fear+14+kill.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">An extreme case of road rage, from </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FEAR</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #14 (June 1973)</span></i>.</td></tr>
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Gerber's first regular writing assignment was ADVENTURE INTO FEAR, which featured a swamp creature known as the Man-Thing. The monster was incapable of speech -- in fact, had no intellect at all -- motivated solely by the emotions of others. It quickly became evident that Gerber had a penchant for satire and social commentary, and the Man-Thing became a catalyst for human interest stories.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI1rbbZszOJir-Mayi6K0uLMyd7UqIN8Cb2cfGz4Bsr4alB2dpznRmMmzYeWoCtCOib3HKaY9uRYe2NAuEHMXliuPV6z_YInR6lhzX9O0TatbyHBjRaMWuQPR3zv_NDqez6AECGKtXLmqm/s1600/wundarr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI1rbbZszOJir-Mayi6K0uLMyd7UqIN8Cb2cfGz4Bsr4alB2dpznRmMmzYeWoCtCOib3HKaY9uRYe2NAuEHMXliuPV6z_YInR6lhzX9O0TatbyHBjRaMWuQPR3zv_NDqez6AECGKtXLmqm/s1600/wundarr.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Gerber's obsession with <b>Superman</b> resulted in a parody, <b>Wundarr</b>, who made his first appearance in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FEAR</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #17 (October 1973). As you can see by the credits, <b>Credence Clearwater Revival</b> also inspired the near-litigious character.</span></i></td></tr>
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Gerber's tales also became increasingly bizarre. In FEAR #19 (December 1973), a sword-wielding barbarian named Korrek emerged from a jar of peanut butter, and then readers were introduced to a talking duck, who would soon become famous.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE81893I4keLC7xL2JyxwXmBSoHr1OSuQrpvy09FlHyD2x6sh6rQwNq9V_0IymCFs_QvFiFqml0XI2iXBJRAxQj7jxmjQoO8Fbg0D8APTY_KlH2dKYDDpc4UQOip7Jhg54IU4M9SXaueR8/s1600/howard+the+duck+fear+19.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE81893I4keLC7xL2JyxwXmBSoHr1OSuQrpvy09FlHyD2x6sh6rQwNq9V_0IymCFs_QvFiFqml0XI2iXBJRAxQj7jxmjQoO8Fbg0D8APTY_KlH2dKYDDpc4UQOip7Jhg54IU4M9SXaueR8/s1600/howard+the+duck+fear+19.jpg" width="175" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Howard the Duck</b></span></i><i><span style="font-size: small;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">, spawn of evil salsa music,</span></i> makes a dramatic entrance in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FEAR</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #19 (December 1973). </span></i></td></tr>
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After that issue, the monster received his own title, and MAN-THING #2 introduced a hapless character named Richard Rory, one of Steve Gerber's alter egos. Rory was named after "Richard Cory", an old Simon and Garfunkel tune. The record happened to be playing on the stereo when Gerber needed a name for his character.<br />
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In MAN-THING #7 (July 1974) Rory gets a job at a radio station in Citrusville, Florida. The station's call letters, WNRV, was a reference to Gerber's self-published high school humour magazine, <i>Nerve</i>. The job didn't last long: Rory was fired in issue #18 (June 1975).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdSAPMh_nJVw_lqaP1Ux2sSQiSdhjhtwhiydEOthhbmwZVWzdNvJbX6fzZfj6BCUZBxzBFmryQHSWyicr-WIyfusolBTjGWbeQgh_kk_0ESzdlx2TpQZxfgMQpEDBm1su42s_mcstCbg_J/s1600/rory+wnrv.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdSAPMh_nJVw_lqaP1Ux2sSQiSdhjhtwhiydEOthhbmwZVWzdNvJbX6fzZfj6BCUZBxzBFmryQHSWyicr-WIyfusolBTjGWbeQgh_kk_0ESzdlx2TpQZxfgMQpEDBm1su42s_mcstCbg_J/s1600/rory+wnrv.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">According to the next panel, "a more apropos selection might have been '<b>Bad Moon Rising</b>'..." Indeed, things were heating up in Cirtrusville. For instance, there were book-burnings, and a mad viking on the loose, burying his axe in "sissies, hippies, cowards"...and anyone else that didn't live up to his standards of manhood.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MAN-THING</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #17 (May 1975).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVa7R5YUhT1aCAXtbOddh3YXoRvybyPMlBT5hBAIIwal1DxFVWfX6lPAFwwIwBmEF6wWhxyx7UPnnU8ojQB_SLvknp0ObVFh01nuweT16oMLSB9xcsXDBRA74SOwQ1CpPXtbewfEeeFjDZ/s1600/foolkiller.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVa7R5YUhT1aCAXtbOddh3YXoRvybyPMlBT5hBAIIwal1DxFVWfX6lPAFwwIwBmEF6wWhxyx7UPnnU8ojQB_SLvknp0ObVFh01nuweT16oMLSB9xcsXDBRA74SOwQ1CpPXtbewfEeeFjDZ/s1600/foolkiller.jpg" width="242" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The Foolkiller</b>, a decidedly demented character (Gerber's antagonists are never villains in the classic sense), was introduced in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MAN-THING</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #3 (March 1974). Gerber says the Foolkiller was inspired by "<b>Return of the Son of Monster Magnet</b>", an experimental piece of music from <b>Frank</b> <b>Zappa</b>'s first album, </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FREAK OUT!</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> (1966).</span></i></td></tr>
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In "Song-Cry...of the Living Dead Man" (MAN-THING #12, December 1974), a young lady named Sybil Mills gives shelter to Brian Lazarus, found stumbling around in a rain storm. It turns out Lazarus is a writer who's lost his mind. Like Gerber, he had been a copywriter for an ad agency. "Tap your toe to this," wrote Lazarus:<br />
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<i>"Put muh wallet in muh pocket -- yeah, yeah.<br />Put muh keys in muh pocket -- yeah, yeah.<br />Put muh change in muh pocket -- yeah, yeah.<br />Take muh eyes from da sockets -- umh, yeah!"</i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHOP3uKTOOmcxnP-4_4_XWlkCpSvYE3lp83FDlREgkzxxusj4dGztnmFwyH165uRklAs1f6XXSHwvEZ0HDLCUDwVOHfTTXyh52-pyB17g_kiHdBElW3W4dtpz2M23e9lagb5EVvWdmJBzB/s1600/song+cry.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHOP3uKTOOmcxnP-4_4_XWlkCpSvYE3lp83FDlREgkzxxusj4dGztnmFwyH165uRklAs1f6XXSHwvEZ0HDLCUDwVOHfTTXyh52-pyB17g_kiHdBElW3W4dtpz2M23e9lagb5EVvWdmJBzB/s1600/song+cry.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">from </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MAN-THING</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #12 (December 1974)</span></i></td></tr>
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In "A Candle For Sainte-Cloud", the young lady pertaining to the title recalls 1967, when she was just a 17-year-old hippie girl. She'd met military scientist Ted Sallis, years before one of his own experiments turned him into the Man-Thing. Though political opposites, the two are attracted to each other, and, despite their considerable age difference, it isn't long before Ted hints at marriage, with disastrous results. Cloud leaves him.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMpVS-VIwrlGcv5TaiYYcCeNBuX2LGjER45qbKgLr49pcgN5X4KJ9HsBeP0ybhyg8vhIHSnzg_vECSXlKizko4KtxtmEPnuL9EBiJyMmGqQJMbHyVi9uIi4ZU4uuf3-qy0H1QKOv7TptWu/s1600/man-thing+sgt+pepper.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMpVS-VIwrlGcv5TaiYYcCeNBuX2LGjER45qbKgLr49pcgN5X4KJ9HsBeP0ybhyg8vhIHSnzg_vECSXlKizko4KtxtmEPnuL9EBiJyMmGqQJMbHyVi9uIi4ZU4uuf3-qy0H1QKOv7TptWu/s1600/man-thing+sgt+pepper.jpg" width="192" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The wick of this <b>Man-Thing</b> candle was laced with a hallucinogenic drug. The above panel, and the two which follow, are from </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MAN-THING</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #15 (March 1975).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfZ-Ued4R6deFMhjCGlnwPfy2tVnLSdhJwTles_Tt_bT6r325OrLpUsN3UQOi1aV_nFhPSd-l13EZgUkfLoPm6yw_Axwy_9k7pQJkxPxJbOcRG5iRuVNzPjYEeKZd1D8xyiy71Sb62VFtX/s1600/man-thing+joni.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfZ-Ued4R6deFMhjCGlnwPfy2tVnLSdhJwTles_Tt_bT6r325OrLpUsN3UQOi1aV_nFhPSd-l13EZgUkfLoPm6yw_Axwy_9k7pQJkxPxJbOcRG5iRuVNzPjYEeKZd1D8xyiy71Sb62VFtX/s1600/man-thing+joni.jpg" width="390" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">1975: <b>Cloud</b> spurning her neighbour's advances.</span></i><i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBJt_ATcERyPkkQ2-TXhwSKrQdQ5mX8ql0UokIXLuxikkaieCgFAPCAVQfuCksUuLiPwDas3vzlRNmA07NJoOPz3Hi99LJf27FBCZycB2_FueCAk3xZpp2gQ2T_rFrWqOgwaA33sRNemLF/s1600/man-thing+cloud.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBJt_ATcERyPkkQ2-TXhwSKrQdQ5mX8ql0UokIXLuxikkaieCgFAPCAVQfuCksUuLiPwDas3vzlRNmA07NJoOPz3Hi99LJf27FBCZycB2_FueCAk3xZpp2gQ2T_rFrWqOgwaA33sRNemLF/s1600/man-thing+cloud.jpg" width="396" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">1967: It seems the <b>Lovin' Spoonful</b> was responsible for <b>Ted Sallis</b>' rash decision to tie the knot.</span></i></td></tr>
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Rock musician Eugene "Star" Spangler got his 15 minutes of fame in MAN-THING #16 (April 1975), before succumbing to a battle axe in the chest, courtesy of the Mad Viking.<br />
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The lyrics to one of Spangler's songs, "Star Bed", are given on the first page:<br />
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<i>"Well, c'mon, let's you 'n' me die, babe.<br />Don'tcha know it's the only way ta fly, babe?<br />Under the earth, I find what you're worth,<br />Makin' love in a cradle in the sky, babe."</i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg69JaxnV8UatWaFpANKQbJ1RWdHhITpe_tnQbwinJ9h6R24UJjSnhDF891Jhs4KOk0P3u6cCESqBVOgQF3h6INSmW7bJCVzCZq09aBr_n-j0_7fC0VgLeZnM1PPHcKaRud4O3bG0K7eR7K/s1600/decay.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg69JaxnV8UatWaFpANKQbJ1RWdHhITpe_tnQbwinJ9h6R24UJjSnhDF891Jhs4KOk0P3u6cCESqBVOgQF3h6INSmW7bJCVzCZq09aBr_n-j0_7fC0VgLeZnM1PPHcKaRud4O3bG0K7eR7K/s1600/decay.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">This glam rock star is soon to meet his worst critic: a viking! From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MAN-THING</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #16 (April 1975).</span></i></td></tr>
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The crowd thrives on their idol's decadence, and are saddened when he announces that he'd be going into seclusion for a year to compose his magnum opus.<br />
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Said Gerber, "The whole thing with Bowie in that particular story was just this kind of 'Gee, look at me, I'm decadent.' That's why I did the story, essentially, to kind of do somebody who carried that act over into real life."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2R1rZ9_LndaokLiUWHxHxc1m0mulUWwEgoXhpRF8eNYwmQHE7b4Gt8PNKxyDazzY_yhjUMCJ_8A0BMiqLj-Gzlzy5M1OesyQj1F2LEXmUC0Kc2gJD3oXKaIK3EVdEQ4h3kLeD9HxKbq0m/s1600/star+spangler.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="396" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2R1rZ9_LndaokLiUWHxHxc1m0mulUWwEgoXhpRF8eNYwmQHE7b4Gt8PNKxyDazzY_yhjUMCJ_8A0BMiqLj-Gzlzy5M1OesyQj1F2LEXmUC0Kc2gJD3oXKaIK3EVdEQ4h3kLeD9HxKbq0m/s1600/star+spangler.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Star Spangler</b> comes up with some lyrics while rolling around in the mud. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MAN-THING</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #16.</span></i></td></tr>
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Gerber took over the writing chores on DAREDEVIL, starting with #97 (March 1973). Three issues later the blind superhero met Jann Wenner at the offices of Rolling Stone magazine, where he's interviewed. Neither Gerber nor artist Gene Colan knew what Wenner looked like, so Colan drew him according to what Gerber "<i>thought</i> he should look like", based on what he'd read of his writing.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_tqzx6qn1DOMTZkJ2jnkdIVEIbrN39V7W3cE5J94c81196VtQLcibjBQ5j7I7Rj5kceI3QtRWdGJgtuB-uAAuhyzJBIBwM0yXhd6rZ_iH9igCj-KWwce0pWxiVUjxo9mIv7aFh3bJ5MnS/s1600/daredevil+jann+wenner.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_tqzx6qn1DOMTZkJ2jnkdIVEIbrN39V7W3cE5J94c81196VtQLcibjBQ5j7I7Rj5kceI3QtRWdGJgtuB-uAAuhyzJBIBwM0yXhd6rZ_iH9igCj-KWwce0pWxiVUjxo9mIv7aFh3bJ5MnS/s1600/daredevil+jann+wenner.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Being that he's blind, <b>Daredevil</b> doesn't realise that this guy looks nothing like <b>Jann Wenner</b>. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">DAREDEVIL</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #100 (June 1973).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj78hXxeg66xOeIwr8Pe0dhQkKdrH1c1xGn8gjgMPVOjQvO-2Ox8YIvKBvW0I6ZDl4JmWapLh2Umnou2gAZobt8Iu3iKy87NCAbzJ49yHX2BQ8JmrK__DSVdyGLXdD-lQecTTJ-tD9memsF/s1600/tommy+daredevil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj78hXxeg66xOeIwr8Pe0dhQkKdrH1c1xGn8gjgMPVOjQvO-2Ox8YIvKBvW0I6ZDl4JmWapLh2Umnou2gAZobt8Iu3iKy87NCAbzJ49yHX2BQ8JmrK__DSVdyGLXdD-lQecTTJ-tD9memsF/s1600/tommy+daredevil.jpg" width="396" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">These elite gentleman were discussing music and wondered what <b>Matt</b> <b>Murdoch</b>'s favourite opera might be. Harumph! From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">DAREDEVIL</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #104 (October 1973).</span></i></td></tr>
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Another early assignment for Gerber was TALES OF THE ZOMBIE, part of Marvel's black and white line of horror magazines. The zombie of the title was Simon Garth, who, in his former life as someone who was living, was a wealthy coffee baron. His secretary, Layla, was still in love with the tall, decaying corpse. And Gerber was now writing the adventures of two characters who couldn't <i>speak</i>, and one who couldn't <i>see</i>!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXbu15vCqmI4KfSm960QD5B3q1iJZVdRfqcGauVFsivMWCP7s1EPcQuWwtwTWo74wKqnZwLAwr_u4OnUegvW9goBL32y07EIKOPRjwAF7Q5elOiwA2oscosHlkwBnVGQLT1FfsFFg6KU61/s1600/zombie+dance.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXbu15vCqmI4KfSm960QD5B3q1iJZVdRfqcGauVFsivMWCP7s1EPcQuWwtwTWo74wKqnZwLAwr_u4OnUegvW9goBL32y07EIKOPRjwAF7Q5elOiwA2oscosHlkwBnVGQLT1FfsFFg6KU61/s1600/zombie+dance.jpg" width="363" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The Zombie</b> is compelled to do the bidding of anyone who possesses the charmed medallion designed to compliment the one around his neck. Unfortunately, it fell into the hands of these thrill-seeking dolts, who use it to humiliate poor <b>Simon</b>. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">TALES OF THE ZOMBIE</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #8 (September 1974).</span></i></td></tr>
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Gerber found a more proper outlet for his humorous side with Marvel's SPOOF comic, which debuted in 1970 (though it would be over two years before the second issue came out). In the 3rd issue, Gerber, with old friend Bruce Carlin, wrote a parody of the Partridge Family and poked fun at teen idols and manufactured groups. In "What If...Famous People Were Santa Claus?" (SPOOF #4), Gerber, who appears throughout the story, interviews John Lennon and Yoko Ono.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYkXYiUYDdJ_0zM8yaP8XE85196xwWEZi_OwEnaFOzhXL25Qy_7w3D6iG82_4tpx5e2sDp2W0cMYoJhkM4u_M_LxieulMyu8HQqtvlLnRvm5lK7VcrBSI_6djGReSZLewW6TtzufZ6zpPu/s1600/part-rich+family.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYkXYiUYDdJ_0zM8yaP8XE85196xwWEZi_OwEnaFOzhXL25Qy_7w3D6iG82_4tpx5e2sDp2W0cMYoJhkM4u_M_LxieulMyu8HQqtvlLnRvm5lK7VcrBSI_6djGReSZLewW6TtzufZ6zpPu/s1600/part-rich+family.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">You know you've made it when your records can be cut out of the backs of cereal boxes. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">SPOOF</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #3 (January 1973).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdbmTxX_LU4bSQGUoPnv73uSTK1_eFqC2KAtuJk0No68QZv49fLsNjuOXVnxW6_u3AjstjW5xU1u4yRhxIVIW8UwUQUEdXvq8ExxjKRh3GLXroKeaWMkRGBodmH29OVcRaeQyxMPylpePV/s1600/spoof+john+yoko.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdbmTxX_LU4bSQGUoPnv73uSTK1_eFqC2KAtuJk0No68QZv49fLsNjuOXVnxW6_u3AjstjW5xU1u4yRhxIVIW8UwUQUEdXvq8ExxjKRh3GLXroKeaWMkRGBodmH29OVcRaeQyxMPylpePV/s1600/spoof+john+yoko.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Being that he's blind, <b>Daredevil</b> doesn't realise that this guy looks nothing like Steve Gerber. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">SPOOF</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #4 (March 1973).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCjdBG59qnSTxAb-uy8cG27RobMrm-3zIGAVYYfoLn0LeKT2ZUWgtc6ZpgCx7-ERuCdxv_wcnQWi519SnC78MiVdOFZ0meIAkSSeISw0ipjVvz2EiiMFQOGWPMsR3tpszGWm3wNSbMP-a/s1600/destiny+harmonica.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCjdBG59qnSTxAb-uy8cG27RobMrm-3zIGAVYYfoLn0LeKT2ZUWgtc6ZpgCx7-ERuCdxv_wcnQWi519SnC78MiVdOFZ0meIAkSSeISw0ipjVvz2EiiMFQOGWPMsR3tpszGWm3wNSbMP-a/s1600/destiny+harmonica.jpg" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Gerber enjoyed a brief stint on </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MARVEL TWO-IN-ONE</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">. Here, in "Death-Song of Destiny" (#6, November 1974), a young girl plays a haunting tune on the harmonica -- before some creep pushes her in front of a subway train, where she explodes in a shower of colourful sparks. Nothing is ever what it seems in a Gerber comic.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1jesYFoxs54UZk2SB3GzDkd8KajINLULqytSKZx4-JSYszSHzJE-IPNXMJKYdF_c3Bu6gozLZmVgY7kBfqr0q0QyAGTRQhHOG_PE7ic_oYODhORrBfN8cy8evE_sqXcX9qzKv6WeSL18T/s1600/thing+harmonica.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1jesYFoxs54UZk2SB3GzDkd8KajINLULqytSKZx4-JSYszSHzJE-IPNXMJKYdF_c3Bu6gozLZmVgY7kBfqr0q0QyAGTRQhHOG_PE7ic_oYODhORrBfN8cy8evE_sqXcX9qzKv6WeSL18T/s1600/thing+harmonica.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">It's hard to play a harmonica when your lips are made of rock. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MARVEL TWO-IN-ONE <i>#7</i></span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> (January 1975).</span></i></td></tr>
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SPOOF was cancelled after the 5th issue, but Marvel replaced it with an infinitely superior humour magazine, CRAZY, part of their black and white line. CRAZY was the perfect vehicle for Gerber's particular brand of insanity. MAD magazine tried to make sense of the world through satire, whereas CRAZY descended into madness, unable to cope with the world. It wasn't long before Gerber took over as editor.<br />
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In CRAZY #3 (March 1974), Gerber parodied ROLLING STONE magazine, with articles on fictitious artists and reviews of fictitious records, such as Paulette Goddard, a rock band whose song, "Hungry Means Never Having To Vomit", was at the top of the charts; and Flea & Tick, with a sampling of lyrics from their single, "I Don't Love You Since You Ate My Dog":<br />
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<i>"There is a bridge across the junk heap<br />I built it with my brother<br />Three guys came and spit on it<br />And I spit on my brother<br />We built another bridge that day<br />Across a farm."</i><br />
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Gerber even scoffed at his own comics when it's mentioned that one of the songs on <i>Voodoo Kisser</i>, an album by a macabre group called Plague, begins with a shrill scream "exactly halfway between the pitch of Johnny Weismeuller's [sic] famed Tarzan yell and the Women's Liberation rhetoric of Shanna the She-Devil".<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSUB-McxvS3jVQ1oIBwzzb9FsJSrpptyShwvpM4sH55bLK9XdmU9WkPi4QZ8pVAEtytZW5_c9FhMyzm_4Vj5ofMbRj3mxcmt1vTFX1Scjv1Yd2-mJV3U8uG81qZC8ZLxs7D3rAcEG2Mh4V/s1600/crazy+%233+records.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSUB-McxvS3jVQ1oIBwzzb9FsJSrpptyShwvpM4sH55bLK9XdmU9WkPi4QZ8pVAEtytZW5_c9FhMyzm_4Vj5ofMbRj3mxcmt1vTFX1Scjv1Yd2-mJV3U8uG81qZC8ZLxs7D3rAcEG2Mh4V/s1600/crazy+%233+records.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Record reviews, from Gerber's </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Rolling Stone</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> parody in CRAZY #3 (March 1974), his first appearance in that mag.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh70hTZTXktvnTWj_4kHeXVmEStWrfG2N2WI2DsIkpMWRDH2UxBqQRbWzhOkvBaL5EveRiOHuXNy-XRk_eUOEVbQSi0W85ZGzd0Nf02EZdsSgsPYQ4OpUrdvxFCoKS4Na_H2cd8M1twdDT/s1600/crazy+%25235+july+1974.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="539" data-original-width="744" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh70hTZTXktvnTWj_4kHeXVmEStWrfG2N2WI2DsIkpMWRDH2UxBqQRbWzhOkvBaL5EveRiOHuXNy-XRk_eUOEVbQSi0W85ZGzd0Nf02EZdsSgsPYQ4OpUrdvxFCoKS4Na_H2cd8M1twdDT/s400/crazy+%25235+july+1974.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Making fun of Tom Laughlin's sanctimonious character</i><i>; sung to the tune, "One Tin Soldier", used in the 1971 movie, BILLY JACK. The song was originally a 1969 hit for a Canadian band called the </i>Original Caste<i>.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG92dhsbSDImuXZGSm19h0YUbMFnFtC76H-lSV1tpMdJQzC_Up-pfaHmCEnbEsyvzwM6yjg_WOtejB9L0OKLARGovwnKUN88rDNztlTDoSphRohYp6tCfO7RJGUt5DkVu2hQBNFH8QYfdJ/s1600/songs+wanted.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG92dhsbSDImuXZGSm19h0YUbMFnFtC76H-lSV1tpMdJQzC_Up-pfaHmCEnbEsyvzwM6yjg_WOtejB9L0OKLARGovwnKUN88rDNztlTDoSphRohYp6tCfO7RJGUt5DkVu2hQBNFH8QYfdJ/s1600/songs+wanted.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Ad parody. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">CRAZY</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #8 (December 1974).</span></i></td></tr>
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In Gerber's articles, stories, and magazine parodies for CRAZY, somebody, somewhere, was always singing or playing a song. There was Isabelle Pogorny singing "Embraceable You" (CRAZY #4, May 1974); Igwana O'Gawannee crooning her hit, "Why Don't We Do It In The Pigeon", an obvious reference to "Why Don't We Do It In The Road" from the Beatles' White Album (CRAZY #7, October 1974); A muzak version of "Tie A Yellow Ribbon 'Round The Old Barcalounger" is playing in a McRonald's restaurant in the story "My Boyfriend Was A Flagellist Monk" (CRAZY #8, December 1974); Avery Hardheart and the Plasticussion are set to release a new record, "We're Wonderful And You're Dirt":<br />
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<i>"I stand on the mountain,<br />Lookin' down on you,<br />Lookin' down on you,<br />Lookin' down on you"</i><br />
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(CRAZY #9, February 1975); and Theodora Yoxymosh playing "Nearer My Crawlspace To Thee" on her pipe organ (CRAZY #10, April 1975).<br />
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Gerber mentions Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin and Brian Jones in his rather morose, lengthy tale of a suicide pact, "And The Birds Hummed Dirges" in CRAZY #14 (November 1975); quotes Johnny Rivers ("Beware of pretty faces that you find / A pretty face may hide an evil mind") from "Secret Agent Man" in the same issue; and paraphrases Paul Simon ("And so you see I have come to doubt all that I once held as true") in CRAZY #9.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE8nXb6OrqDjdl7E78nb19zAceuicMO4wXfAYGooc-OkUyy7HIaFELhzQoXPR5GZjDc239j-OrrsjMwoFmAUsvHSeK_mOavrJxa_8415B-5Gu6ZSd4cGZALBIULCooSUqXOn1JOQejdSnF/s1600/young+pumpkin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE8nXb6OrqDjdl7E78nb19zAceuicMO4wXfAYGooc-OkUyy7HIaFELhzQoXPR5GZjDc239j-OrrsjMwoFmAUsvHSeK_mOavrJxa_8415B-5Gu6ZSd4cGZALBIULCooSUqXOn1JOQejdSnF/s1600/young+pumpkin.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">According to the contents page of this issue of Man, Myrth & Magic, the cover picture is titled "Mime Dance of the Young Pumpkin", a reference to "<b>Invocation and Ritual Dance of the Young</b> <b>Pumpkin</b>", an instrumental piece from the <b>Mothers of Invention</b>'s </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">ABSOLUTELY FREE</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> (1967).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCsSvRIsrZe7N94aVPiBTFP7d9lv8laopwHsJ_N2QEnL3eKBnRYLCb2DmsFWFBtzUwhTcjLth1RgnYMAi_HLKrvgBLb2hCP0av2cwc9YCokLv7XV97zlxhuZsacL5Ic47NV9MKswXR_HLq/s1600/4000+holes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCsSvRIsrZe7N94aVPiBTFP7d9lv8laopwHsJ_N2QEnL3eKBnRYLCb2DmsFWFBtzUwhTcjLth1RgnYMAi_HLKrvgBLb2hCP0av2cwc9YCokLv7XV97zlxhuZsacL5Ic47NV9MKswXR_HLq/s1600/4000+holes.jpg" width="360" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">It wouldn't take a <b>Beatles</b> fan 60 days to figure out that the title of the <b>Son of Satan</b> story for </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MARVEL SPOTLIGHT</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #16 (July 1974) is a reference to a line from "<b>A Day in the Life</b>", from </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">SGT</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">. </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">PEPPER</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> (1967): "<b>four thousand holes in Blackburn, Lancashire</b>".</span></i> <i><span style="font-size: small;"> From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MARVEL</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">SPOTLIGHT</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #15 (May 1974)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjelRPyg4UF75iGWV2Rx5UheEKq34kKIzp8GA8IFrQmuBBugzg1Z3V0tfTBry3HYOcjLL7A2bidnCFf54ytk6w0H2VTQfJ8JSuFD_NymCDc8lCNkQz92uWf8pg31rrcFKk9TfnbA4cgpvrh/s1600/defenders+25+july+1975.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjelRPyg4UF75iGWV2Rx5UheEKq34kKIzp8GA8IFrQmuBBugzg1Z3V0tfTBry3HYOcjLL7A2bidnCFf54ytk6w0H2VTQfJ8JSuFD_NymCDc8lCNkQz92uWf8pg31rrcFKk9TfnbA4cgpvrh/s1600/defenders+25+july+1975.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Trailer park troubadour Tom Pritchett is about to get shot by an elf with a gun, who possibly mistook him for <b>John Denver</b>. The homicidal homunculus first appeared here, in DEFENDERS #25 (July 1975).</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_msjv-VwISaiROYMgZ8ikMH9ZvnOLYI0jGSoSTQMterAcdvEjUKGb_9a98bOefgwY4oEryy4S5DSR0ozVQwAIEAtBybPQ5CGFScx3gNFlrG1yqNKMNnt_gK_wrOqqzLkyRA6dEiAl-Zu8/s1600/guardians+bill+haley.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_msjv-VwISaiROYMgZ8ikMH9ZvnOLYI0jGSoSTQMterAcdvEjUKGb_9a98bOefgwY4oEryy4S5DSR0ozVQwAIEAtBybPQ5CGFScx3gNFlrG1yqNKMNnt_gK_wrOqqzLkyRA6dEiAl-Zu8/s1600/guardians+bill+haley.jpg" width="173" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">It's hard to believe that <b>Bill Haley</b> will still be remembered a thousand years from now. From MARVEL PRESENTS #9 (February 1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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Some of the titles of Gerber's stories alluded to songs: "Hands Across the Water, Hands Across the Sky", from Paul McCartney's <i>Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey</i> (SUB-MARINER #58, February 1973); "Vengeance in the Sky With Diamonds" (DAREDEVIL #101, July 1973); "Silent Night, Deadly Night" (MARVEL TWO-IN-ONE #8, March 1975); "Breaking Up is Death To Do" (MARVEL PRESENTS #9, February 1977); "School's Out" (MAN-THING #18, June 1975), which begins with a mob of book-burners singing the old hymn, "Onward, Christian Soldiers"; "Bring Back My Body To Me, To Me" (DEFENDERS #35, May 1976); also, "50 Million Bozeaux Can't Be Wrong", the title of a chapter from DEFENDERS ANNUAL #1 (1976), is taken from the greatest hits album, <i>50,000,000 Elvis Fans Can't Be</i> <i>Wrong</i> (1959).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimATUMDAn4x1F-SE4vChOEdSFbHYBVVs8epHeSGNAjIp2JLygW90ZexZYzQNlkSF906WjgONIUw53GSd5SwRg1HG72XiQn2HbFATOKKbAoUIRy_QvBVmVqffRCRpBtCrtNNPDxCFhosVsx/s1600/omega+black+magic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimATUMDAn4x1F-SE4vChOEdSFbHYBVVs8epHeSGNAjIp2JLygW90ZexZYzQNlkSF906WjgONIUw53GSd5SwRg1HG72XiQn2HbFATOKKbAoUIRy_QvBVmVqffRCRpBtCrtNNPDxCFhosVsx/s1600/omega+black+magic.jpg" width="331" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>OMEGA THE UNKNOWN</b> was one of the greatest comic books of all time, from writers <b>Steve Gerber</b> and <b>Mary Skrenes</b>, and artist <b>Jim Mooney</b>. It's incredible that it was ever even published, considering how violent and gritty it was. The story was never properly finished, as the comic was cancelled after ten issues. As with "<b>Edwin Drood</b>", it'll remain a mystery forever. Here's some folks having a grand old time in a greasy spoon. One of them is about to get beaten to death with a pipe wrench. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">OMEGA THE UNKNOWN</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #6 (January 1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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After making only four appearances in the Man-Thing books, fans of Howard the Duck clamoured for more -- and they were rewarded. The first issue of HOWARD THE DUCK hit the stands late in 1975, and quickly sold out, mostly to speculators who bought them by the stack.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_p14Mt8bWJ37CXY4rG9k7-tS82tTquzko2JbvROtDS8aWlfUWC78KVTex8E19O7bFnyD2mCSTcj6S9AYm_4ylmel34v5so0VVXoKGaGemYzj74QeHHaM3l9AD97gihmaDX0JeKuoE85fY/s1600/turnip+music.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_p14Mt8bWJ37CXY4rG9k7-tS82tTquzko2JbvROtDS8aWlfUWC78KVTex8E19O7bFnyD2mCSTcj6S9AYm_4ylmel34v5so0VVXoKGaGemYzj74QeHHaM3l9AD97gihmaDX0JeKuoE85fY/s1600/turnip+music.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Arthur Winslow</b> has only one request of the space turnip controlling him: that his life be accompanied by a soundtrack! From</span></i><span style="font-size: small;"> HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #2 (March 1976).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8apJoQgg6BMIn31OlC8LnjQrOE08-q_spi_E547IyL_wcXvsyTrZbEB4GeqM9RbGoInRqM9tdLDlAxHm98_QZvnsKSdgLrrlyv31RwPa-1zCflLfVsRyGjjRpvRrnUmyAzancdN6rzoz8/s1600/i+want+money.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8apJoQgg6BMIn31OlC8LnjQrOE08-q_spi_E547IyL_wcXvsyTrZbEB4GeqM9RbGoInRqM9tdLDlAxHm98_QZvnsKSdgLrrlyv31RwPa-1zCflLfVsRyGjjRpvRrnUmyAzancdN6rzoz8/s1600/i+want+money.jpg" width="340" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Beverly Switzler</b> singing the 1960 <b>Barrett Strong</b> hit, "<b>Money (That's What I Want)</b>". <b>Howard</b> blew that quarter she found on a Quackie Duck comic book.</span></i></td></tr>
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While hitch-hiking (#6, December 1976), Howard and his companion Beverly Switzler are picked up by a country-and-western star named Dreyfuss Gultch, on his way to New York to sing the national anthem at the All-Night Party's National Convention. He's able to find employment for the strange pair, and Howard soon finds himself elected as the party's official -- if reluctant -- candidate. On the issue of a Beatles reunion, Howard responded, "I say fiddle-faddle to the critics who think the four mop tops can never live up to their public's expectations. It's an artist's duty to extend his audience's expectations, not merely fulfill them."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3JoNyM2omfNHor5FpP32uNDMm2DMARke8824dDlEc5cl4q1qZke9jWJotBrIHal_d92zYNp0RmAJlleytlI6IisOoi43jx3MoDoWUEvsuev46JZB-5BlM6clLLr0i3rsxPcd4lBbNdmZn/s1600/htd+treasury+sitting+bullseye.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3JoNyM2omfNHor5FpP32uNDMm2DMARke8824dDlEc5cl4q1qZke9jWJotBrIHal_d92zYNp0RmAJlleytlI6IisOoi43jx3MoDoWUEvsuev46JZB-5BlM6clLLr0i3rsxPcd4lBbNdmZn/s1600/htd+treasury+sitting+bullseye.jpg" width="298" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Sitting Bullseye</b> sings "<b>Oh! Susanna</b>" while some of the sorriest supervillains ever to disgrace the pages of a comic book roast marshmallows. From the </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK TREASURY</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">EDITION</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> (1976). It's possible Gerber got the title from a whacked-out Mamie van Doren movie called "Three Nuts in Search of a Bolt" (1964). </span></i></td></tr>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;">A Hare Krishna chanting nonsense from the <b>Beatles</b>' "<b>I Am the Walrus</b>" (1967), while <b>Howard</b> punches the <b>Kidney Lady</b> in the face. It was a bus ride from hell, but one good thing came of it: Howard met the lisping <b>Winda Wester</b> (whose real name may or may not be Linda Lester). From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #11 (April 1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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Howard finally loses his mind and ends up at the Sauerbraten County Mental Facility, an insane asylum, along with Winda, who insists that she's possessed by the devil, and her mind conjures up demons that look just like the rock band KISS. Daimon Hellstrom, an exorcist, assures everyone that the visions were a psychic phenomenon, unlikely to occur again.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMHKXeD65Qd6rWSPi6ELS06E3DV3x-itV9LoD5LsSiTIxIhB4x0xx4G5842YDwZDwrp0wAOwNDieu2MsAL7nkmyJ7rSlGav1z6zB_PCPdgebSo8W_ZUqZZk5hs74NFOqKmOROFSQEoV7V4/s1600/kiss+htd+12.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMHKXeD65Qd6rWSPi6ELS06E3DV3x-itV9LoD5LsSiTIxIhB4x0xx4G5842YDwZDwrp0wAOwNDieu2MsAL7nkmyJ7rSlGav1z6zB_PCPdgebSo8W_ZUqZZk5hs74NFOqKmOROFSQEoV7V4/s1600/kiss+htd+12.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">If it looks like a superhero and quacks like a superhero, put them in a comic book. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #12 (May 1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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He was wrong. KISS was to appear in their own comic book a few months later in the first issue of MARVEL SUPER SPECIAL (1977), which was conceived, edited and written by Gerber.<br />
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Prior to his involvement with KISS, Gerber hadn't "heard so much as a note of their music, or even seen their costumes and painted faces." He felt some reservations, felt that, at the age of 29, he was too old to get involved: "Strictly Beatles generation. Aversion to over-loud music in general and heavy-metal in particular. ('It all sounds alike!' A sure sign of encroaching senility.) Haven't been to a rock concert in years. Album purchases on the decline." The magazine was an enormous success. It sold out immediately and had to go into a second printing.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIbB1QgTbp50QQo4uY7naINdiud9y8T4Tz1l-P7aU4Ijdea4vnts4BJIK6e6YSKyQnGo1ebkINQLUdVNKq7BxhkaV-7DYFzEZ7hqqrTaWzY3ESWXLMvVLbfw072H36XsXPHydJM_IvcaPH/s1600/kiss+super+special.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIbB1QgTbp50QQo4uY7naINdiud9y8T4Tz1l-P7aU4Ijdea4vnts4BJIK6e6YSKyQnGo1ebkINQLUdVNKq7BxhkaV-7DYFzEZ7hqqrTaWzY3ESWXLMvVLbfw072H36XsXPHydJM_IvcaPH/s1600/kiss+super+special.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Gerber only had to put his sweat and tears into producing this mag; <b>KISS</b> put their blood into it.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCaSn8c3a6m3lnRgyzvMu2CFp3KINa767ZDl0a8ZBDSqX82XbWxgZSMSY2LYJ-a-P_9h9ycnG0foZ358gBJfkpRFMkDBH3vA4rEr8we_N2ga_wJ23WK2fHRCrG2-FUrPfBM2J7PxGOpaiV/s1600/cruise+ship+band.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCaSn8c3a6m3lnRgyzvMu2CFp3KINa767ZDl0a8ZBDSqX82XbWxgZSMSY2LYJ-a-P_9h9ycnG0foZ358gBJfkpRFMkDBH3vA4rEr8we_N2ga_wJ23WK2fHRCrG2-FUrPfBM2J7PxGOpaiV/s1600/cruise+ship+band.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">That's not <b>KISS</b> performing on this cruise ship -- it's just a lounge band. From HOWARD THE DUCK #15 (August 1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">There's a reason <b>Paul Same</b> is mentioning <b>Dylan</b>'s "<b>Rainy Day Women #12 & 35</b>" (1966): boulders just inexplicably fell from the sky. Also from HOWARD THE DUCK #15.</span></i></td></tr>
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Howard's arch enemy was Doctor Bong, who wore a bell over his head, and whose hand was replaced with a clapper the size of a soccer ball. For Howard, he was just another annoyance in his life.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-WrRYD3f2F5TlstTkzAsissH-Pi8dyK4nzBwyzHFjGHcvbez4Rt58Yy9rZeriYsIHyxwhGrsjs0iqUdEWOAmNpzy6I7ai2tv3DZp2hlrlFADmy6_rxqkVJQoJM_prfjAVcJAHssF0Ib-s/s1600/mildred+horowitz+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-WrRYD3f2F5TlstTkzAsissH-Pi8dyK4nzBwyzHFjGHcvbez4Rt58Yy9rZeriYsIHyxwhGrsjs0iqUdEWOAmNpzy6I7ai2tv3DZp2hlrlFADmy6_rxqkVJQoJM_prfjAVcJAHssF0Ib-s/s1600/mildred+horowitz+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Lester Verde</b>: before he became <b>Doctor Bong</b> he tried his hand at rock journalism. Here he joins <b>Mildred Horowitz and His Band</b> on stage. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #17 (October 1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXrVBLZwrgmi0A8L38HkuVvuDK9LEf37XsYDwW3TWcUQ6CYvhKdmO5H7hSZW_y4hZZcx3LHNnUWI5FqwhvTtvON_dlfOL-Alu4cApZKtfFNagWbsohLtxuT3T-i6WDDc0kZ5bKLGf7OW2k/s1600/mildred+horowitz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXrVBLZwrgmi0A8L38HkuVvuDK9LEf37XsYDwW3TWcUQ6CYvhKdmO5H7hSZW_y4hZZcx3LHNnUWI5FqwhvTtvON_dlfOL-Alu4cApZKtfFNagWbsohLtxuT3T-i6WDDc0kZ5bKLGf7OW2k/s1600/mildred+horowitz.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mildred Horowitz and His Band</b> return in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #21 (February 1978). <b>Carmine Infantino</b> was a great comic book artist, but someone should have told him that it's unusual for a heavy metal band to include a saxophone, and drums played with timpani sticks.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzNhqPdxAZullXtTBFw7TT6v1p-SXvE7WFzLwOloSOwnI1sj-SSw8ijJyJpaXBn1RGEYh_cXbWz0NeLfSEzJASsmMRF-NqpCN2z7DSXMnBs17vc-LjkMUerB6BqVoPnztBJgexumBH2Ldg/s1600/htd+town+without+pity.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="372" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzNhqPdxAZullXtTBFw7TT6v1p-SXvE7WFzLwOloSOwnI1sj-SSw8ijJyJpaXBn1RGEYh_cXbWz0NeLfSEzJASsmMRF-NqpCN2z7DSXMnBs17vc-LjkMUerB6BqVoPnztBJgexumBH2Ldg/s1600/htd+town+without+pity.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Howard the Human gazing at his former self in the mirror, recalling the old <b>Gene Pitney</b> tune. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #19 (December 1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_nGQGYqFAX7qr-7EwqRzHVuJPIgfswTjzhNkJNzriuye1F0xB1TbKrRYrsOebxWahs8czbuVzBAhzIQTQ-8y4316jxXpgyPOhogJ7Ukr3WDxK8aqjSZtf8-t6VbThjWSDL8QHFkGLJFDG/s1600/lullaby+of+broadway+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="152" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_nGQGYqFAX7qr-7EwqRzHVuJPIgfswTjzhNkJNzriuye1F0xB1TbKrRYrsOebxWahs8czbuVzBAhzIQTQ-8y4316jxXpgyPOhogJ7Ukr3WDxK8aqjSZtf8-t6VbThjWSDL8QHFkGLJFDG/s1600/lullaby+of+broadway+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">In this and the next two panels <b>Beverly</b> and <b>Winda</b> ad-lib the lyrics to "<b>Lullaby of Broadway</b>" after a carpet flies them all the way to Bagmom. Original <b>Howard</b> <b>the Duck</b> artist <b>Val Mayerik</b> returned for the duck's one and only annual (1977).</span></i></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC4FeAcx4kKUym3xLOO3a4arKA6Py9_C0DPTtbolFsOwBwZqbFaOiUFDzd-qjIHdtNhhNWuJ1-Z9_d8J-98qxxnASTiXkCrZ3J-GLLUX9N-SVs2_oGPNpWuobf5l8zW1ebyewKCF6EuS5e/s1600/lullaby+of+broadway+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC4FeAcx4kKUym3xLOO3a4arKA6Py9_C0DPTtbolFsOwBwZqbFaOiUFDzd-qjIHdtNhhNWuJ1-Z9_d8J-98qxxnASTiXkCrZ3J-GLLUX9N-SVs2_oGPNpWuobf5l8zW1ebyewKCF6EuS5e/s1600/lullaby+of+broadway+2.jpg" width="212" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT31kxdvhwEaTl6wJ4eNjfYOUnbU2npRYT3xKqmt_EPSP2xW8dnlZ5RIdvYf-WKbRHF487iLLfJ-dtdeF6pmCYozRuKQP50fXXapiOfU8sKGhrmffGGQ9FD1BSewtOEmIILgBfC4hZPujV/s1600/hard+day%27s+night.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT31kxdvhwEaTl6wJ4eNjfYOUnbU2npRYT3xKqmt_EPSP2xW8dnlZ5RIdvYf-WKbRHF487iLLfJ-dtdeF6pmCYozRuKQP50fXXapiOfU8sKGhrmffGGQ9FD1BSewtOEmIILgBfC4hZPujV/s1600/hard+day's+night.jpg" width="347" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">This is just the beginning of </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #22 (March 1978). It was about to become a harder day's night.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHdG2bHJudQu3WKC1omNFti1Wbvr5nd9tNipzpncrDkNeMVFsVhMAo35TNr4aSgKQroot_00j66aUPP7RdHD_uOYK3ZMNt0VYkHLtwaLcWoCR4bn-Vkadkdv8L_3R3zZ3_pNI6nfgPHBrA/s1600/htd+dixie+down.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHdG2bHJudQu3WKC1omNFti1Wbvr5nd9tNipzpncrDkNeMVFsVhMAo35TNr4aSgKQroot_00j66aUPP7RdHD_uOYK3ZMNt0VYkHLtwaLcWoCR4bn-Vkadkdv8L_3R3zZ3_pNI6nfgPHBrA/s1600/htd+dixie+down.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">A drunk slurring a <b>Band</b> tune and slobbering all over <b>Winda Wester</b>. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #26 (July 1978).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoc4bJf2fSpyBaehrClIgs2PL4WO49pCa8EA1qgG84km5NYt1Rt9yyiSupYsBLt2z2rhT8Wfmo4AbatPR9D1MHI6vFMt0h8sybgoExBGeqSLRsgQCUqEOdf6s-MJV6JRMePOOpSoBxIgX-/s1600/pop+sykes+salmon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoc4bJf2fSpyBaehrClIgs2PL4WO49pCa8EA1qgG84km5NYt1Rt9yyiSupYsBLt2z2rhT8Wfmo4AbatPR9D1MHI6vFMt0h8sybgoExBGeqSLRsgQCUqEOdf6s-MJV6JRMePOOpSoBxIgX-/s1600/pop+sykes+salmon.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The '70s was awash with brain-washing cults and self-help gurus. <b>Pop Syke</b> (get it?) was just as sincere as any of them. Sunday funnies are supposed to be in colour -- and they're supposed to be published on Sunday. Waaaugh!</span></i> <i><span style="font-size: small;">From the </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> newspaper strip, July 10, 1977.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW-ALZ3rQ4lDpfJtHshOtiPJVskhCSRRKW_wacapcyQ2KgK1HxX7pssWPjN-uUSb4KFkPHKFjiTOYg132KFiOyDcQV3MMnwUwHNg3q2hU-XqAr2fMshQEPvQ6eiMBmkXEsdP4YX-rD9_g1/s1600/man-thing+music.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW-ALZ3rQ4lDpfJtHshOtiPJVskhCSRRKW_wacapcyQ2KgK1HxX7pssWPjN-uUSb4KFkPHKFjiTOYg132KFiOyDcQV3MMnwUwHNg3q2hU-XqAr2fMshQEPvQ6eiMBmkXEsdP4YX-rD9_g1/s1600/man-thing+music.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Steve Gerber</b> and <b>Jim Starlin</b> teamed up for this <b>Man-Thing</b> story in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">RAMPAGING HULK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #7 (February 1978), just for old times sake. They'd done one other Man-Thing story together, but that was way back in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FEAR</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #12 (February 1973).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaXFSMxHMedHdE5dpP7Ulsq8mUdKLymg7ULqifYTn93XG_GjOehMNghOjJCyzzCnKvClER1n0ak8nniS_fRkPZDG1cNHc_tIj_Fi1O8sppiBOJd2RK3dgdXYh1UYBnlwAIsazWc2bRWf-y/s1600/beast+singing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaXFSMxHMedHdE5dpP7Ulsq8mUdKLymg7ULqifYTn93XG_GjOehMNghOjJCyzzCnKvClER1n0ak8nniS_fRkPZDG1cNHc_tIj_Fi1O8sppiBOJd2RK3dgdXYh1UYBnlwAIsazWc2bRWf-y/s1600/beast+singing.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Some weirdo called the <b>Manipulator</b> is living up to his namesake. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">THE AVENGERS</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #178 (December 1978).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzCAxT8i0QFfFrgodi9gdRB80J_X1kZOJFYilicooU3V723AQJ8SCGusNhrX39jXnmBE51ZEzrie-cX_ejaGn-M-l9mETnrcXNyfzyhStRcwmnbJihHyS0mCfNMaZS5-mVIGcedH_tehZP/s1600/beast+eleanor+rigby.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzCAxT8i0QFfFrgodi9gdRB80J_X1kZOJFYilicooU3V723AQJ8SCGusNhrX39jXnmBE51ZEzrie-cX_ejaGn-M-l9mETnrcXNyfzyhStRcwmnbJihHyS0mCfNMaZS5-mVIGcedH_tehZP/s1600/beast+eleanor+rigby.jpg" width="390" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">And here the <b>Beast</b> is singing his own version of the <b>Beatles</b>' "<b>Eleanor Rigby</b>", from </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">REVOLVER </span><i><span style="font-size: small;">(1966).</span></i></td></tr>
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Trouble arose when Gerber was fired
from the HOWARD THE DUCK newspaper strip. According to Denny Allen,
president of the Register and Tribune Syndicate, Gerber's tardiness was
resulting in numerous cancellations. "I normally get a strip in 10
weeks before publication. Gerber's came in on Thursday before the
Monday it was supposed to hit the stands." When Gerber threatened to
sue Marvel over ownership of Howard, he was fired completely. Years of
litigation followed.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTg5rHuuIs3x_JSP07FIbon3av4q7oKfWrdG0wtProrvGiB7hN2bauOhX0Y3qrWGWunMUditCT-PZ1RhBU1H6p0fywvFyPp76csncKBF8O29S_HqdoDfPAVkEl0vjx9BB8MyV6oYzTt7T7/s1600/death+by+disco.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTg5rHuuIs3x_JSP07FIbon3av4q7oKfWrdG0wtProrvGiB7hN2bauOhX0Y3qrWGWunMUditCT-PZ1RhBU1H6p0fywvFyPp76csncKBF8O29S_HqdoDfPAVkEl0vjx9BB8MyV6oYzTt7T7/s1600/death+by+disco.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Gerber had much to say about the Me Generation and the vapidness of disco in "Death By Disco", a <b>Lilith</b> story which appeared in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">MARVEL PREVIEW</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #16 (Fall 1978). Gerber had already been fired, but he still owed Marvel "20 or so pages", he told </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">THE COMICS JOURNAL</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> in 1978. 22 to be exact.</span></i></td></tr>
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Gerber teamed with Gene Colan once again for STEWART THE RAT (1980), published by Eclipse. Molecular biologist/nerd Stewart Dropp finds himself transformed into a talking rat. Unfortunately, there wasn't much difference between this graphic novel and any number of issues of HOWARD THE DUCK. But it did have a dancing zombie with a speaker embedded in its chest, from which disco music blared at a great volume.<br />
<br />
Numerous familiar songs were represented, sometimes in parody, and only in bits: "Stayin' Alive", "You Should Be Dancing" and "Jive Talkin'" by the Bee Gees; "Boogie Fever" by the Sylvers; "Shake Your Booty" and "That's the Way (I Like It)" by KC and the Sunshine Band.<br />
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To help raise money and support for his case, Gerber enlisted the help of Jack Kirby for the excellent DESTROYER DUCK comic book, also published by Eclipse.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYPmlbRmsiA811BoBU4ITjfNElMSEzza64PYi15Q_S8SIrdNHvL_SlD1KwjI8lMIENmkHo4u7iN0Tgne2ynv8erpx19TFNxNelpLyo95QM2qX7L6Vtz_kME_WENobBUCYOTlAalPuN-wRH/s1600/vanilla+cupcake.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYPmlbRmsiA811BoBU4ITjfNElMSEzza64PYi15Q_S8SIrdNHvL_SlD1KwjI8lMIENmkHo4u7iN0Tgne2ynv8erpx19TFNxNelpLyo95QM2qX7L6Vtz_kME_WENobBUCYOTlAalPuN-wRH/s1600/vanilla+cupcake.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The Shirley Temple-ish <b>Vanilla Cupcake</b> sings her signature tune for Ronnie in </i>DESTROYER DUCK<i> #4 (October 1983)</i>.</span></td></tr>
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Eventually, the case was settled out of court in a non-disclosure agreement and Gerber began working for Marvel again. He teamed up with Val Mayerik for a graphic novel called VOID INDIGO. A subsequent comic book series was cancelled after only two issues. Gerber's comic book output during the 1980s was very little, though he managed to find lots of work in animation.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqW1_x7JoDUlsYYY7b4rotaj73xTQWcyFJsjE0ByyXkzjsu6HFN_mufDL6u3YNjWXqtMBLimO3stZEboA6YOCFpbYpjPbHqfEY3KMHiRTbeC0HuLHqqu4NpJr52ofPMS2p8pVML0OKZUV0/s1600/void+indigo+jhagur.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqW1_x7JoDUlsYYY7b4rotaj73xTQWcyFJsjE0ByyXkzjsu6HFN_mufDL6u3YNjWXqtMBLimO3stZEboA6YOCFpbYpjPbHqfEY3KMHiRTbeC0HuLHqqu4NpJr52ofPMS2p8pVML0OKZUV0/s1600/void+indigo+jhagur.jpg" width="256" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Believe it or not, this alien changed his name from <b>Jhagur</b> to <b>Mick Jagger</b> ("Michael Jagger" on his fake ID). From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">VOID INDIGO</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #1 (November 1984).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX2wh0NWYyIy34D5e-l8MH1eeGvPB6k6Jj8BNuKej4bro1khyphenhyphenSPiZNtonOEFZXWv5ppLIscMvVtUAMNljHRdzJ1Z9OhumQOj5sqVzdAca1miBWRw_GKZtSgZWfPyBrExgWh4GVofxze9p5/s1600/void+indigo+dylan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX2wh0NWYyIy34D5e-l8MH1eeGvPB6k6Jj8BNuKej4bro1khyphenhyphenSPiZNtonOEFZXWv5ppLIscMvVtUAMNljHRdzJ1Z9OhumQOj5sqVzdAca1miBWRw_GKZtSgZWfPyBrExgWh4GVofxze9p5/s1600/void+indigo+dylan.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Bob Dylan</b>'s "<b>Blowin' in the Wind</b>". From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">VOID INDIGO</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #1.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC0y_Yszyrt9jEqMRKV68osy8SRi8hcvmgx0BHx7jqhWMHP-IRDQZ2AGS42uyxIODEqLOsrOdfe6s-OVzZ_xCl3KvNC1E2ZyWHCFvYsy4AqtuG2Ib5ar5Rbm5L59-HgDvornhmEzjVimWK/s1600/void+indigo+tommy+james.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="172" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC0y_Yszyrt9jEqMRKV68osy8SRi8hcvmgx0BHx7jqhWMHP-IRDQZ2AGS42uyxIODEqLOsrOdfe6s-OVzZ_xCl3KvNC1E2ZyWHCFvYsy4AqtuG2Ib5ar5Rbm5L59-HgDvornhmEzjVimWK/s1600/void+indigo+tommy+james.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;">"<b>I Think We're Alone Now</b>" (1967) by <b>Tommy James and the Shondells</b>. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">VOID INDIGO</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #2 (March 1985).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVELkmZRqsu4yr1Rp280IGvNDvXmOUVUtoRzHKCosG7rYttrVaSlB_9MHM8KylRw8nIyQRZfdOWetmaOW2d4EfhGCv2YsGMyGBLzRAWFX4LqovIzgGeeg6bMBXibZ0UHQDc9xTfwTggbgy/s1600/she+hulk+colonel+sanders.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVELkmZRqsu4yr1Rp280IGvNDvXmOUVUtoRzHKCosG7rYttrVaSlB_9MHM8KylRw8nIyQRZfdOWetmaOW2d4EfhGCv2YsGMyGBLzRAWFX4LqovIzgGeeg6bMBXibZ0UHQDc9xTfwTggbgy/s1600/she+hulk+colonel+sanders.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Colonel Sanders runs amok. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">SENSATIONAL SHE-HULK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #11 (January 1990).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUcs8FBERQB4Ge3Np5ciSVjAV6LzrxPVvnx55kFaBxhI_CUVMrSh_GHvp6w5oMGi8yccs1j0_C6oTYYy7k0jBJRgGSWBsPLfOkigFDeup9fp7SR_lQFaaNhgn31rPjPmEGWXURgGRk0i59/s1600/don't+worry+universe.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUcs8FBERQB4Ge3Np5ciSVjAV6LzrxPVvnx55kFaBxhI_CUVMrSh_GHvp6w5oMGi8yccs1j0_C6oTYYy7k0jBJRgGSWBsPLfOkigFDeup9fp7SR_lQFaaNhgn31rPjPmEGWXURgGRk0i59/s1600/don't+worry+universe.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>She-Hulk</b>, <b>Howard the Duck</b> and friends fly through <b>Don't-Worry-Be-Happy</b>verse, where the 1988 <b>Bobby McFerrin</b> hit plays constantly, despite the fact that it seems to be Ragnarok. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">SENSATIONAL SHE-HULK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #17 (July 1990).</span></i></td></tr>
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HOWARD THE DUCK #16 (September 1977) -- a comic book that wasn't a comic book, by any stretch of the imagination -- contained a two-page spread featuring an ostrich and a showgirl. Mail poured in about that notorious issue, some demanding more of the ostrich and his female companion, as though a similar concept didn't already exist. The requests continued, if only occasionally, until Gerber acquiesced and came up with NEVADA, a six-part mini-series for DC.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTBGkHpfutkVTLMkSWXuRlYZRbGVixLrQ78dxBtfOSHyIxaqsXPitp8BP4qoNmrwn15XD8YXFtwjtO7KliB574BzXdTrP1TKU87TmBQ-UshXqhrWCAY3wXVB05AGp3No-IhyTibQ1FcuE6/s1600/nevada+she+said.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTBGkHpfutkVTLMkSWXuRlYZRbGVixLrQ78dxBtfOSHyIxaqsXPitp8BP4qoNmrwn15XD8YXFtwjtO7KliB574BzXdTrP1TKU87TmBQ-UshXqhrWCAY3wXVB05AGp3No-IhyTibQ1FcuE6/s1600/nevada+she+said.jpg" width="80" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Nevada</b> sings "<b>She Said, She Said</b>" from the Beatles' REVOLVER (1966), while jogging with her pet ostrich, <b>Bolero</b>. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">NEVADA</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #1 (May 1998).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYv9pmBphKE7xZzg0SmkVQrIOZFxhTstwDj-h2z0siMBQ-U95-TZk6vGMfM7Lq8Xf1cGujnfgEOgLUoWoXhx0MNT327jJTM4A-StMDqMYD7Q7Q6f64DshDeDIqqOHj0QlsM9egFc4xYE_h/s1600/nevada+she+said+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="108" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYv9pmBphKE7xZzg0SmkVQrIOZFxhTstwDj-h2z0siMBQ-U95-TZk6vGMfM7Lq8Xf1cGujnfgEOgLUoWoXhx0MNT327jJTM4A-StMDqMYD7Q7Q6f64DshDeDIqqOHj0QlsM9egFc4xYE_h/s1600/nevada+she+said+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Much later in the same issue <b>Nevada</b> is still singing "<b>She Said</b>".</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjnJRftbbS9DFsWSxdycsKs1P1jb1jB9k-AcNa_awNf8yF77CELcq6EeTtOVczIPNivgp9rdPkjVXfE0v7Lem0KZp44Lx4aF1VgP05Td7djmQZrsdE-F71G3XPVYFTJHhyphenhyphenVADfFMlJNnmG/s1600/nevada+egyptian+song.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjnJRftbbS9DFsWSxdycsKs1P1jb1jB9k-AcNa_awNf8yF77CELcq6EeTtOVczIPNivgp9rdPkjVXfE0v7Lem0KZp44Lx4aF1VgP05Td7djmQZrsdE-F71G3XPVYFTJHhyphenhyphenVADfFMlJNnmG/s1600/nevada+egyptian+song.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Nevada</b> performs the amusing "Ballad of Osiris". From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">NEVADA</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #1.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzfvN6Qn8ohrPB8qFd2d1fgzedcTmxSEyfg-0fu9jl46SQkQMQtVEZhg_1i5BKZ-UdFEaIoEFHNFIEOaZCnkuOQH7jXiMU-WNX-u0doBK2ISafbpVFj17ptByQfHVPBGV3i9ogs1haeOia/s1600/nevada+happiness.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzfvN6Qn8ohrPB8qFd2d1fgzedcTmxSEyfg-0fu9jl46SQkQMQtVEZhg_1i5BKZ-UdFEaIoEFHNFIEOaZCnkuOQH7jXiMU-WNX-u0doBK2ISafbpVFj17ptByQfHVPBGV3i9ogs1haeOia/s1600/nevada+happiness.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Obviously a <b>Beatles</b> fan, <b>Nevada</b> sings "<b>Happiness Is a Warm Gun</b>" from the White Album. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">NEVADA</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #2 (June 1998).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSprK_NCortn8qa6rQMPjm2TzWOb47sseiAMv3fMAqZ4tVIj3Pe9JE1nt3lLqCnE9z-rQEWqwr6aj_t_0EU8ZO1vZ8w8DmmhB3g1x1BcVCpSH3JNdjCGgqa9z_myfmIAdoA3dkeyq-GDrl/s1600/nevada+zappa.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSprK_NCortn8qa6rQMPjm2TzWOb47sseiAMv3fMAqZ4tVIj3Pe9JE1nt3lLqCnE9z-rQEWqwr6aj_t_0EU8ZO1vZ8w8DmmhB3g1x1BcVCpSH3JNdjCGgqa9z_myfmIAdoA3dkeyq-GDrl/s1600/nevada+zappa.jpg" width="251" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">It wouldn't be a Gerber comic if things didn't keep getting weirder. Here the (what ever that thing is) is mixing lyrics from songs, including the <b>Beatles</b>' "<b>Yer Blues</b>", the <b>McCoys</b>' "<b>Hang On Sloopy</b>", and <b>the Who</b>'s "<b>My Generation</b>". On the next page, "it" breaks into <b>Whitney Houston</b>'s song, "<b>I Will Always Love You</b>", which Gerber obviously found annoying. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">NEVADA</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #4 (August 1998).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOICI1UPv-SbcCb2tD6kjMgHLesocnDG5gqScix82y-ptjz7AAsCvhn_Vd-KeODmbVFxcTGCr8xV_aisHXjhFE-lPXOCXqiE0jmrhjXLxpJX4ypo2SJdZcc53kjnxtbpE3ZPNrAMN1kScA/s1600/backdoor+boys.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOICI1UPv-SbcCb2tD6kjMgHLesocnDG5gqScix82y-ptjz7AAsCvhn_Vd-KeODmbVFxcTGCr8xV_aisHXjhFE-lPXOCXqiE0jmrhjXLxpJX4ypo2SJdZcc53kjnxtbpE3ZPNrAMN1kScA/s1600/backdoor+boys.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Gerber eviscerates the "Backdoor Boys". From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> Vol. 2, #1 (March 2002).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPbvn116S4AvOG73fujZCWFHNk05GUl1k8254dtulGZIiL2jObm6CmHR4v7KYsGpEts3uU_hbHTH49ZUsbnwkr7VZcmQV1ku-Fc7jtsYUTRhhA0XamJ-2VLD10q3xgm5e_Y2W0Ls8SgWbQ/s1600/ramen+noodles.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPbvn116S4AvOG73fujZCWFHNk05GUl1k8254dtulGZIiL2jObm6CmHR4v7KYsGpEts3uU_hbHTH49ZUsbnwkr7VZcmQV1ku-Fc7jtsYUTRhhA0XamJ-2VLD10q3xgm5e_Y2W0Ls8SgWbQ/s1600/ramen+noodles.jpg" width="337" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Howard</b> is losing his mind, as usual. Here he starts singing a Ramen noodles song. From </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">HOWARD</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">THE DUCK</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> Vol. 2, #3 (April 2002, though it should probably read "May").</span></i></td></tr>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-26694989604757460712013-11-15T20:53:00.000-05:002018-01-17T09:38:16.995-05:00Liane, Jungle Goddess<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijlb7AONQ38Mj9kF-w30y6DWhdvGgXhWw0qsRrrv4lwyP0QccemPnfWHmoHioIwjfDxJ8BWX8ODP-zh0hyCuE5fpab1rckTUtwi4WmY3UALd1KyxBc545Qh5-on0jqQBGMlNSZKKy-8n1S/s1600/liane+necklace.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijlb7AONQ38Mj9kF-w30y6DWhdvGgXhWw0qsRrrv4lwyP0QccemPnfWHmoHioIwjfDxJ8BWX8ODP-zh0hyCuE5fpab1rckTUtwi4WmY3UALd1KyxBc545Qh5-on0jqQBGMlNSZKKy-8n1S/s1600/liane+necklace.JPG" width="313" /></a></div>
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Jungle girl movies were a staple in theatres way back in the days when you could see two movies for the price of one, along with a serial, a cartoon and a news reel, with stars such as <b>Dorothy Lamour</b>, <b>Maria</b> <b>Montez</b>, <b>Frances Gifford</b>, <b>Maureen O'Sullivan</b> and <b>Brenda Joyce</b> swinging from one potted plant to another. Not to be overlooked in all this Hollywood slickness is a lesser-known (and late) entry in the field, LIANE, JUNGLE GODDESS (1956), a four-star film out of Germany (the four stars being <b>Marion Michael</b>, <b>Hardy Kruger</b>, <b>Irene Galter</b> and <b>Reggie Nalder</b>).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Marion Michael in the Swingin' Fifties.</span></i></td></tr>
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The film garnered some notoriety because the star, pulchritudinous Marion Michael, wore a skimpy loincloth made of shells and beads -- and nothing else. In addition, much has been made about her age being 16 at the time of filming. Viewers needn't concern themselves with <i>that</i> erroneous claim -- she was actually 15. (Marion Michael was born October 17, 1940; the movie was released October 4, 1956.)<br />
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Marion Ilonka Michaela Delonge was born in Konigsberg, East Prussia, a German province. (The Russians captured Konigsberg at the end of the war and renamed it Kaliningrad.) Marion fled with her mother to the tiny island of Hiddensee, and then to Berlin. They eventually settled in West Berlin, while Marion's father, a surgeon, remained in East Berlin.<br />
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Marion enrolled in <b>Tatjana Gosovsky</b>'s ballet school around the age of ten, and, in 1955, her penchant for the stage brought her to compete with 11,800 other girls for the lead role in a movie called LIANE, DAS MADCHEN AUS DEM URWALD (<i>Liane, The Girl From The Jungle</i>). The producers, <b>Arca-Filmproduktion</b>, were looking for an unknown actress, and Marion, with her incredible figure honed by years of dancing, won the part of Liane. <b>Gero Wecker</b>, who'd founded Arca in 1953 as an outlet for his low-budget exploitation films, signed Marion to an exclusive 7-year contract, with the intention of producing a series of Liane films. She was marketed as <i>"Germany's answer to</i> <i>Brigitte Bardot"</i>.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyENjIBAOS-jhE5eIlVOP1SGRtbUcx7na3PlnEvOoPPAHgfY4Shl0_9AWbDlj_U_b9GVa7ba63SBwC6POyyhTuvVVchKePCObXjHTEDXexLI6cIfYYd-l2_8mIYqx_ZK4vEj-quWHatcBC/s1600/liane+film+programme.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyENjIBAOS-jhE5eIlVOP1SGRtbUcx7na3PlnEvOoPPAHgfY4Shl0_9AWbDlj_U_b9GVa7ba63SBwC6POyyhTuvVVchKePCObXjHTEDXexLI6cIfYYd-l2_8mIYqx_ZK4vEj-quWHatcBC/s1600/liane+film+programme.JPG" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LIANE film programme.</span></i></td></tr>
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Wecker hired <b>Eduard von Borsody</b> to direct. Borsody, who started his movie career in the early 1920s as a cameraman, went on to write and direct an impressive number of films, starting in the 1930s. Being a photographer, it was only natural that he made sure the lens was pointed in the right direction for this particular film!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjocEiqQ1UixDvX96Pex3uIZUEHf_Iaj1nT6Mx2YkqzDDRbc73fzjWFv7M9uHyZvAMzAdzwgIlHKmP_kgZvEK5m4FNmCodOw9ufHS93v4R6zZDACe6OQGYBzxTDg50StOc5LgmWL0u19ZUW/s1600/liane+poster+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1515" data-original-width="1000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjocEiqQ1UixDvX96Pex3uIZUEHf_Iaj1nT6Mx2YkqzDDRbc73fzjWFv7M9uHyZvAMzAdzwgIlHKmP_kgZvEK5m4FNmCodOw9ufHS93v4R6zZDACe6OQGYBzxTDg50StOc5LgmWL0u19ZUW/s400/liane+poster+2.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nice poster for LIANE, JUNGLE GODDESS</span></td></tr>
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The movie opens with the clatter of tribal drums and a horn section reminiscent of trumpeting elephants, the theme playing over stock footage of an African tribal dance. Stock footage of wildlife confirms the African setting, though it was more likely intended as filler material. It takes five minutes for the actual story to get under way.<br />
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It begins at the campsite of the <b>Danner</b> expedition, where we're introduced to a group of explorers. The team's photographer, <b>Thoren</b> (Hardy Kruger), is out photographing wildlife. He stumbles upon a lion cub, which he intends to take with him, but is immediately attacked by warriors. His assistants flee, leaving Thoren to fend for himself.<br />
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He doesn't do so well. Thoren is held down, about to have his head removed, when a young girl whom the natives call <b>Chia-Hee</b> (pronounced <i>Key-a-hee</i>) shows up, blonde, blue-eyed, nude but for a scant loincloth of shells and beads, carrying the lion cub. She sets it down upon noticing their captive, taking interest in what may be the first white man she's ever seen. The warrior chief (wearing a stove pipe hat which a previous victim obviously had no further use for) is intent on doing his grim work, but the girl orders Thoren's release, and they all disappear into the forest, to Thoren's bewilderment (and, no doubt, relief).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDO1rqIp5UpDE1qv2nq0wzV9KxqjItrMK0SJ33hdhiGACNt9mX6DqYNq1iSiU7puZLhYwerhyVP7akeRYyNFBUdHbGAi1Js6GF8ZAQ1j_LXrxxsx6IedZwYa8w10BXljAQTK1TfQTu_Yd5/s1600/liane+lobby+card.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDO1rqIp5UpDE1qv2nq0wzV9KxqjItrMK0SJ33hdhiGACNt9mX6DqYNq1iSiU7puZLhYwerhyVP7akeRYyNFBUdHbGAi1Js6GF8ZAQ1j_LXrxxsx6IedZwYa8w10BXljAQTK1TfQTu_Yd5/s400/liane+lobby+card.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Best to keep your head in these situations. Liane spares Thoren's life.</span></i></td></tr>
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Chia-Hee and the warriors return to their village, where bare-breasted women justify the white girl's own nudity. (A clever device; after all, she's one of the <b>Wo-Do</b> tribe, and can't be expected to dress any differently.) Chia-Hee gives a few commands in her native tongue, then climbs a rope up to her small tree house, where she lives high above the mud huts, as befits a white goddess.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtMKELy4CFGx6L9v5PdJNL-Gxq48IKafs4PYNhu-HRuE8BskMnVfyDhbWPBm0Anych2rgbIzbrIwyU9rMHcgRLtUuHzRrNtCeCWDc45m7ZAmwX-FfySNmBe0UVns-IpDWe6RQ9Nho07s2z/s1600/liane+village.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtMKELy4CFGx6L9v5PdJNL-Gxq48IKafs4PYNhu-HRuE8BskMnVfyDhbWPBm0Anych2rgbIzbrIwyU9rMHcgRLtUuHzRrNtCeCWDc45m7ZAmwX-FfySNmBe0UVns-IpDWe6RQ9Nho07s2z/s400/liane+village.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">White jungle goddesses deserve more than just a few beans.</span></i></td></tr>
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Back at camp, Thoren relates his story of a savage white girl roaming the jungle. They doubt his senses. He intends to bring back photographic proof of her existence.<br />
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The next morning, Chia-Hee is swinging from a vine above a pool. Fortunately, Thoren has his camera set up right near that very spot and takes photos of her swimming around. Her friend <b>Tanga</b> arrives to tease her, but she shoos him away. When she notices Thoren, she leaves.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixqBJtChovWzRTjDNDs9XGxy4Wqqu6A5PhrfrgU3lMj90ugOnEScHPiK_6jMz9eXDFs8Pn6NRPxcRXnJqGzYWSkb7NXYJu-fNwCCqglkPgMzvFODYzVl38V3bjEFqemkeKBEZomN4txu9u/s1600/liane+lobby+card+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixqBJtChovWzRTjDNDs9XGxy4Wqqu6A5PhrfrgU3lMj90ugOnEScHPiK_6jMz9eXDFs8Pn6NRPxcRXnJqGzYWSkb7NXYJu-fNwCCqglkPgMzvFODYzVl38V3bjEFqemkeKBEZomN4txu9u/s400/liane+lobby+card+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE04P5bSvOKfyPyUuglmy8Xj941oN0EYlvOSNvtGt-ybRubC-fRyL72wXzMrU3i1wJoIiWQFHoQGnz2F7aLWEKeiCF2bOHuKchm_DT9ET8SMZCrBk3cMPZPq9UwIG7BM300Jmjga1D6lIF/s1600/hardy+kruger+liane.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE04P5bSvOKfyPyUuglmy8Xj941oN0EYlvOSNvtGt-ybRubC-fRyL72wXzMrU3i1wJoIiWQFHoQGnz2F7aLWEKeiCF2bOHuKchm_DT9ET8SMZCrBk3cMPZPq9UwIG7BM300Jmjga1D6lIF/s400/hardy+kruger+liane.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Thoren (Hardy Kruger) with Liane in a promotional photo. The scene is non-existent, as it was actually a big lout named Keller who captured this enchanting creature.</span></i></td></tr>
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The girl doesn't get far. A hulking brute named <b>Keller</b>, out hunting deer, spots the girl, captures her in a net and carries her back to camp.<br />
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Still tied up and tangled in the net, Chia-Hee is kept in one of the tents. Thoren takes the net from over her head, and she bites his arm. But the girl's fear is abated by Thoren's gentle approach, and he rather suggestively feeds her a banana.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO0JDAwOKa_Aian3EKfdaWHVyPtoFzKZKLD9hYz8K9Op28dNPQUfYsZYzFreg2sjp1sOMVmq6YJ1hH7TzvkN81uGUt-NIbUOBdFVoscDoyKWTWuooNnGLMkZyJmtdi2qRGFw_quXvV7dzd/s1600/wild+eyes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO0JDAwOKa_Aian3EKfdaWHVyPtoFzKZKLD9hYz8K9Op28dNPQUfYsZYzFreg2sjp1sOMVmq6YJ1hH7TzvkN81uGUt-NIbUOBdFVoscDoyKWTWuooNnGLMkZyJmtdi2qRGFw_quXvV7dzd/s400/wild+eyes.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The wild-eyed Liane, queen of the jungle.</span></i></td></tr>
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While Chia-Hee sleeps, Thoren and <b>Dr. Jacqueline Goddard</b> notice that amongst the baubles of her necklace is a charm (later described as a pendant, then a medal) engraved with an "L", and wonder at its significance.<br />
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In the morning, Jacqueline gives Chia-Hee a shower, then crops her mane. She's given a blouse, tied in a knot at her midriff, and a pair of short shorts. "Ah, that looks so much better now," opines Jacqueline. They make some progress when the girl recognises the German word for "mother".<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDlRixOgYjpV-psBGdXVXkislKw94T9u50OxZTMaHD6nX3rSo3YrwA6Sq6nEDApW8PBbOIex1eN3GHUqdpcsvI2V5vuDnPsLUye7McYfijXZlIgnpf4zsLi8XlNcqmULcz3ElWXGpZQsPP/s1600/liane+shorts.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDlRixOgYjpV-psBGdXVXkislKw94T9u50OxZTMaHD6nX3rSo3YrwA6Sq6nEDApW8PBbOIex1eN3GHUqdpcsvI2V5vuDnPsLUye7McYfijXZlIgnpf4zsLi8XlNcqmULcz3ElWXGpZQsPP/s400/liane+shorts.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Who wears short shorts?</span></i></td></tr>
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Meanwhile, in Hamburg, shipbuilder <b>Theo Amelongen</b> shows his nephew <b>Viktor</b> a newspaper article reporting the discovery of a white girl in the African jungle. Amelongen believes it could be Liane, his long-lost granddaughter. <i>"Why couldn't it be she? The age is right. It was 18 years ago the ship went</i> <i>down..."</i> Liane was 2 years old then, making her 20 in the film (at least in the English-dubbed version; those numbers might have been used for legal reasons for exhibition abroad). Amelongen is convinced that Liane may have survived the shipwreck, and that her nanny might have brought her to live amongst her people.<br />
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Jacqueline, having already received a message that she was accepted by the Tropical Institute, must return to Hamburg, along with <b>Tibor</b> and his monkey specimens. Chia-Hee is being sent with them, to be restored to civilisation. Thoren is forced to join the travellers, as the frightened girl refuses to go without him.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Liane and Tanga</span></i></td></tr>
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While the ship is being loaded, Tanga arrives with Chia-Hee's lion cub, and stows away. When he's discovered, they agree to pay for his passport, and Chia-Hee is overjoyed to have her pet, <b>Simba</b>, back. Thoren comes across a newspaper report about Amelongen's claim, and they rechristen the girl "Liane". During the boat trip, Liane begins to learn German (English, in the dubbed version).</div>
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The ship arrives at Port Said, Egypt, met by a throng of reporters. Viktor shows up, ostensibly to fly Liane back to Germany, but Thoren suspects that Amelongen's rat-faced nephew has a more nefarious scheme in mind, and refuses to let Liane go without him. Viktor reluctantly agrees, and the three of them catch the next flight to Hamburg.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9ehFzzCi8n-gumKyzJ4vyeEk2At7HXpWIbyQxThteA3XQV49fAjTC54kNHbvpJC_RA9P4tp3cipD5fp5TACoFuVw7l_XxtqM9GRvZoWHaN5GwzohbTLLW-n52CqNmBrMIqV4q58ezc-47/s1600/liane+and+simba+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9ehFzzCi8n-gumKyzJ4vyeEk2At7HXpWIbyQxThteA3XQV49fAjTC54kNHbvpJC_RA9P4tp3cipD5fp5TACoFuVw7l_XxtqM9GRvZoWHaN5GwzohbTLLW-n52CqNmBrMIqV4q58ezc-47/s1600/liane+and+simba+2.jpg" width="362" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Liane and Simba</span></i></td></tr>
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Viktor, until now Amelongen's sole surviving heir, fears for his inheritance, and will stop at nothing to disprove the theory that the wild girl is Amelongen's granddaughter.</div>
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At Amelongen's mansion, all are given a warm welcome from the old shipbuilder. That evening Liane is given a babydoll nightgown and a luxurious bedroom, but in the morning she's found in Thoren's room, sleeping on the floor beside his bed.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJaZvKtuyr7GhhjzbVU_QMZpA_qh5PZ5WO6K2o9SgqtPiR9fyCJsGtDCKoOAzGwXbmMcOZW2S0mTH7y6NRYpAZBSxHVSUCWrLl_G0mAWT-ozCgxsvYvwKvUYYhqqnpE9xUDfiVOduMfv1Y/s1600/liane+bedroom+lobby+card.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="322" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJaZvKtuyr7GhhjzbVU_QMZpA_qh5PZ5WO6K2o9SgqtPiR9fyCJsGtDCKoOAzGwXbmMcOZW2S0mTH7y6NRYpAZBSxHVSUCWrLl_G0mAWT-ozCgxsvYvwKvUYYhqqnpE9xUDfiVOduMfv1Y/s1600/liane+bedroom+lobby+card.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"So, it wasn't a dream!" Thoren wakes up to a surprise.</span></i></td></tr>
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Dressed in the latest mid-'50s fashions, Liane is taken for a visit downtown, where she throws her high heels into the middle of the street, having little use for shoes.<br />
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She's more at home on the grounds of Amelongen's estate, climbing trees in a bikini and diving into the pond. She takes a liking to her grandfather, and calls him "Long-Long". A child's finger print left in jam on a letter to Amelongen from Liane's mother offers conclusive proof of the girl's lineage. The letter is shown to Viktor, who crumples it up and throws it on the ground for the dog to chew on, hoping to get rid of the evidence. He's unaware that Thoren noticed in time, and rescued it from the mutt's slavering jaws.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbzXNoorAUdYnHHszvXLbwxpUcPipbpYVNOBgPifUXwjUf6gI0lfD2VVPi12FYBQ0Xeh80Gg_F1wlWqP4NN-kg3LuYO4GcHis35AR-VtUoyvRgE9y2MINqKp_NWml14z-SDb0We9Vr4bGG/s1600/marion+man%27s+conquest+1958.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbzXNoorAUdYnHHszvXLbwxpUcPipbpYVNOBgPifUXwjUf6gI0lfD2VVPi12FYBQ0Xeh80Gg_F1wlWqP4NN-kg3LuYO4GcHis35AR-VtUoyvRgE9y2MINqKp_NWml14z-SDb0We9Vr4bGG/s400/marion+man's+conquest+1958.jpg" width="225" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">From the men's sweat mag, MAN'S CONQUEST (June 1958).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigDTDyGh_3lLCtK5FkeBPphpE2YSCCjngZX9QDkci2z3jsTOyRQDFC3Ls308GBiswwXQaWC3NmIdWaImeI3TdCkgPzArUebJ0po3uajYKq_bl3_ijOqpc-JcaZXEVM85oo5EWeOWhvxA3C/s1600/german+postcard.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigDTDyGh_3lLCtK5FkeBPphpE2YSCCjngZX9QDkci2z3jsTOyRQDFC3Ls308GBiswwXQaWC3NmIdWaImeI3TdCkgPzArUebJ0po3uajYKq_bl3_ijOqpc-JcaZXEVM85oo5EWeOWhvxA3C/s400/german+postcard.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">German postcard.</span></i></td></tr>
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The next morning, Amelongen is found murdered at his desk, slain by Tanga's knife. The police are sent for. As the room was locked from inside, Tanga is the only one capable of scaling the 30-foot wall. However, an astute observation proves that Viktor is the killer, and that he had cleverly locked the door from outside using a pencil and string. He escapes, but during the ensuing car chase his vehicle runs off a bridge, and he plummets to his doom.<br />
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In Africa, the Danner expedition gets word that Liane has inherited the Amelongen fortune, and that she and Thoren will be returning to the jungle. The tribe is happy to see Chia-Hee again.<br />
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The film ends with Liane discarding her clothes before diving into her favourite swimming hole. Thoren joins her. <i>The end</i>.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZqq3WtdOO9CeS_OHWXRmaow1fbOq6DAWLfnHyKfA8rwM3aGp294rP6hyphenhyphenKI54LT8uW6eVp5_EmMx4pbPTfxwCemCXnmwV9_k8eUR8Vsm0H_NSEv1B9QZyIAo5hE3FyN4FDSBFIG2aQ8OoC/s1600/liane,+la+sauvageonne.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZqq3WtdOO9CeS_OHWXRmaow1fbOq6DAWLfnHyKfA8rwM3aGp294rP6hyphenhyphenKI54LT8uW6eVp5_EmMx4pbPTfxwCemCXnmwV9_k8eUR8Vsm0H_NSEv1B9QZyIAo5hE3FyN4FDSBFIG2aQ8OoC/s400/liane,+la+sauvageonne.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LIANE, LA SAUVAGEONNE; painted poster for the French market.</span></i></td></tr>
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Remarkably, Liane never carried a knife or a spear, and, despite her wild upbringing, was rather helpless in every situation. Unlike the great <b>Nyoka</b> of movie serials, and comic book predecessors <b>Sheena</b>, <b>Camilla</b>, <b>Rulah</b>, <b>Tiger Girl</b>, <b>Princess Pantha</b>, <b>Taanda</b> (the White Princess), <b>Zegra</b>, <b>Judy</b> of the Jungle, and others, Liane didn't do battle with natives, poachers, cults, crocodiles, gorillas or lions. That would have required a budget Arca Films didn't have. In fact, LIANE wasn't filmed in the wilds of Africa, as reported, but in the milds of a tropical park in Italy -- with Marion's mother keeping a watchful eye.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaWhrTmRDCOy9TYD_-aliWTpTBV8LxwJiLvPnOOVK47MOgCiFuK0Qi_x37wBQgTRn4zqhWXqpzvf1UZYw7bG6z0jgTEX7aq7HtrnNt7U72qS4QGufUz1rsaioyBrDulTcrSJfCIUULSCUN/s1600/marion+michael.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaWhrTmRDCOy9TYD_-aliWTpTBV8LxwJiLvPnOOVK47MOgCiFuK0Qi_x37wBQgTRn4zqhWXqpzvf1UZYw7bG6z0jgTEX7aq7HtrnNt7U72qS4QGufUz1rsaioyBrDulTcrSJfCIUULSCUN/s400/marion+michael.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
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But most of Marion Michael's epidermis was exposed on the big screen, and the movie was a hit! (Some foreign versions exclude footage cut from the original German release, mostly of Marion's exposed breasts.) That it was almost scandalous helped boost ticket sales, and Marion became a star overnight. A sequel, LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN (<i>Liane, the White Slave</i>, 1957), was inevitable.<br />
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The movie was submitted for review to the censor board October 1, 1956, and it was recommended for those 12 years of age and over, but a revision in the code February 13, 1957 earned it a "16" label, and then another revision on April 10, 1958 found the movie suitable for 10-year-olds.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNevu9b0oM_83rEX6Mc0g7WAKwXyosEqGr4CrjiwWfYg9FFvTjgpxRhw9Nwrp8kdzD7Yz_knV9CKN_EuBkDrz2lv3IiozIu1ERAY7wLw_iD9wPMmbT5WCRRr4aQ-YPNM0zt1uJPHXvdalW/s1600/poster+liane+and+simba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNevu9b0oM_83rEX6Mc0g7WAKwXyosEqGr4CrjiwWfYg9FFvTjgpxRhw9Nwrp8kdzD7Yz_knV9CKN_EuBkDrz2lv3IiozIu1ERAY7wLw_iD9wPMmbT5WCRRr4aQ-YPNM0zt1uJPHXvdalW/s400/poster+liane+and+simba.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Above: LIANE, DAS MADCHEN AUS DEM URWALD, film programme. Judging by the cover, you'd think it was a Disney movie. Below: Okay, so it's not a Disney movie.</span></i></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhss4Ud599z704V8FiJCQ0fs-wUvxy9d6mpClSTPYUNzCXD5xTSjVMvN96YRiVI5SCKOHywBULS0ok-A_EUgc4rRIxPiIpReK2tPLd-zpqft1C9prIDDI1G2Xa5JziqHAcbwhxteI1vkOEV/s1600/liane+arca+card.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="871" data-original-width="1569" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhss4Ud599z704V8FiJCQ0fs-wUvxy9d6mpClSTPYUNzCXD5xTSjVMvN96YRiVI5SCKOHywBULS0ok-A_EUgc4rRIxPiIpReK2tPLd-zpqft1C9prIDDI1G2Xa5JziqHAcbwhxteI1vkOEV/s400/liane+arca+card.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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How this movie came about is a bit of a mystery. Later movie posters will tell you that it was based on a novel by <b>Anne Day-Helveg</b> -- a novel that wasn't published until 1958, two years after the movie was released. One suspects that the novel was actually a <i>novelization</i> of the movie. In fact, there were three Liane books issued in 1958: <i>Liane, das Madchen aus dem Urwald</i> Books 1 and 2, and <i>Liane, Zwischen</i> <i>Zwei Welten</i> (<i>Liane, Between Two Worlds</i>, though it's actually an adaptation of the film LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN). The movie posters claimed that the book had been read by 15,000,000 people, which is preposterous.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8OkZ9BLArxgtzm3mLmkPt1lM70Dso-H1srf1aqMf15xNBOr244YpXef9O7ofpu3ZmfaZ0x1_J5ztfz0h5Ntpo_r_3_DVRKxt-wdQWYknW78BssJhvequgANeD1JtNCymS6IkJbNc5NeYg/s1600/marion+michael+star+revue.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8OkZ9BLArxgtzm3mLmkPt1lM70Dso-H1srf1aqMf15xNBOr244YpXef9O7ofpu3ZmfaZ0x1_J5ztfz0h5Ntpo_r_3_DVRKxt-wdQWYknW78BssJhvequgANeD1JtNCymS6IkJbNc5NeYg/s400/marion+michael+star+revue.jpg" width="330" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">From the back cover of STAR REVUE #17 (1957)</span></i></td></tr>
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Anne Day-Helveg is something of a puzzle herself. She was born Anna Lydia Popper in 1898. Her younger brother was the philosopher <b>Karl Popper</b>. Anna was married a few times and changed her name accordingly, and wrote under a number of aliases, often for obscure pulp magazines, so an account of her work would be difficult. She married a man known only as Helveg, and went by the name Anna Gruner-Helveg. She later married Fred Lothringer, a writer, but wrote as Anne Day-Helveg, which, according to some sources, was actually a pseudonym for Anna and Fred's collaborative efforts. Try untangling that mess!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmEZcbBqyxs4wIFlwFjq9lxFFpC8gKQ2wNUuxKhvBngEvpJSw3WDuVIlL6LrP0Ciz4FG9JfSwnPG_4lq4V97GxvF9pwtn6j4Am6R7FCocHModMsncneFCte31lY6DwajD5ED2Sm7U2HUEC/s1600/liane+book+1958.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmEZcbBqyxs4wIFlwFjq9lxFFpC8gKQ2wNUuxKhvBngEvpJSw3WDuVIlL6LrP0Ciz4FG9JfSwnPG_4lq4V97GxvF9pwtn6j4Am6R7FCocHModMsncneFCte31lY6DwajD5ED2Sm7U2HUEC/s400/liane+book+1958.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LIANE, THE GIRL FROM THE JUNGLE, Book 1</span></i> <i><span style="font-size: small;">(1958)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiULDGYDpoll4Lhs-IvUCOKv8OmBvFNtNLNPrInVe1KVV5_dNjR3_EW2_2y6P_2HLK2ns_We-PnWRhkDMBq9yQvcykH8F7MIjVlusdeIgLzbA_dTxfUoWzqH-trQWHHqRlHoEOfK95VLlZP/s1600/liane+book+2+-+1958.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiULDGYDpoll4Lhs-IvUCOKv8OmBvFNtNLNPrInVe1KVV5_dNjR3_EW2_2y6P_2HLK2ns_We-PnWRhkDMBq9yQvcykH8F7MIjVlusdeIgLzbA_dTxfUoWzqH-trQWHHqRlHoEOfK95VLlZP/s400/liane+book+2+-+1958.jpg" width="273" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LIANE, THE GIRL FROM THE JUNGLE, Book 2 (1958)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEobjpcZZ5wUPpzGSKHCSkhEf4t7VC-OgqExLeIdu3ASU6iVobeWthMESHdgjX4oH_wQMiul33Onkf-aCx5_PfWix1Gq-gLk2kw5NHiZ4pWaEiSpXxmEUpMmEuG9mH8gfiJJauTYY0r-gn/s1600/liane+zwischen+zwei+welten.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEobjpcZZ5wUPpzGSKHCSkhEf4t7VC-OgqExLeIdu3ASU6iVobeWthMESHdgjX4oH_wQMiul33Onkf-aCx5_PfWix1Gq-gLk2kw5NHiZ4pWaEiSpXxmEUpMmEuG9mH8gfiJJauTYY0r-gn/s400/liane+zwischen+zwei+welten.jpg" width="276" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LIANE, BETWEEN TWO WORLDS (1958)</span></i></td></tr>
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<b>Ernst von Salomon</b>, who wrote the screenplays for both Liane movies, had collaborated with director Eduard von Borsody on several movies in the late 1930s, and two of them, KAUTSCHUK (1938) and KONGO EXPRESS (1939) had a tropical setting. Gero Wecker somehow managed to hire the services of these two prolific veterans.<br />
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Liane also comes from a long line of lost-and-found jungle girls, many of whom were heiresses. There was the serial JUNGLE GODDESS (1922), LORRAINE OF THE LIONS (1925), TRADER HORN (1931), THE SAVAGE GIRL (1932), QUEEN OF THE JUNGLE (1935), THE JUNGLE PRINCESS (1936), BLONDE SAVAGE (1947), JUNGLE GODDESS (1948), DAUGHTER OF THE JUNGLE (1949), and CAPTIVE GIRL (1950), part of <b>Johnny Weissmuller</b>'s <i>Jungle Jim</i> series of movies. There was also THE TIGER WOMAN (1944), a 12-chapter <b>Republic</b> serial. The list goes on.<br />
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LIANE may not be CITIZEN KANE, but it's a competent, entertaining production, and Marion Michael is effortlessly charming throughout. The young beauty appeared on dozens of magazine covers.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">BRAVO (March 24, 1957)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">FUNK UND FILM (December 1, 1956)</span></i></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiGUIluHtiazsALgHayLQMlkMl37mvV0dcnJnTVOUZ48EUeKouDst-jk8TXE2naOgtttMmQ3TpNG0IcYajLRfmgQ3j4y2nWphyphenhyphenT7f0RXqC_t9dUW4u23wLmHuJwb4q1cf1xi8p2RJlPQ4w/s1600/marion+michael+bikini+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiGUIluHtiazsALgHayLQMlkMl37mvV0dcnJnTVOUZ48EUeKouDst-jk8TXE2naOgtttMmQ3TpNG0IcYajLRfmgQ3j4y2nWphyphenhyphenT7f0RXqC_t9dUW4u23wLmHuJwb4q1cf1xi8p2RJlPQ4w/s1600/marion+michael+bikini+2.jpg" width="292" /></a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">FROU FROU #53 (1958)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4_3q2fAP-2RH9KDPYdQ2Myl9XBKFX92v5f3Qrj6D1azxM6Uwka7FlZ7k7nfhcYfr-1-jmSMdhsyfPJSOqf_T2IbZXUJai0AYjPWkMNAsvKpKR01nDuvFOoqCw1fbBaciUBajzyVJOGRGC/s1600/caper+1959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4_3q2fAP-2RH9KDPYdQ2Myl9XBKFX92v5f3Qrj6D1azxM6Uwka7FlZ7k7nfhcYfr-1-jmSMdhsyfPJSOqf_T2IbZXUJai0AYjPWkMNAsvKpKR01nDuvFOoqCw1fbBaciUBajzyVJOGRGC/s400/caper+1959.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Liane featured in CAPER, 1959</span></i></td></tr>
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Unfortunately, Marion Michael's exclusive contract prevented her from working for any other film studio for the next seven years, and she had to keep churning out movies for Gero Wecker, though she was free to perform on stage or television. If there were any offers from Hollywood, she was out of luck. After fulfilling her obligation to Arca Films in 1963, Marion appeared in a few TV movies and stage performances, then more or less retired from acting, a promising career quelled by the same people that created it.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivJDZWD6OIZZ2r29bUKpcYHDeYZDFNmbp5yRUEmfwWclEgrMiIzdi03BwXEhhvbkXL28p2P4qRLzaKJvTQYZi8u5AmZtYHpRP2VvGFrzVpgCJeNsjt23JvdCEuNRZXaYCT1KMkTu9DdxyE/s1600/quick.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivJDZWD6OIZZ2r29bUKpcYHDeYZDFNmbp5yRUEmfwWclEgrMiIzdi03BwXEhhvbkXL28p2P4qRLzaKJvTQYZi8u5AmZtYHpRP2VvGFrzVpgCJeNsjt23JvdCEuNRZXaYCT1KMkTu9DdxyE/s400/quick.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>QUICK (May 2, 1959).</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdMd1a5yyYaBcTgCDsjzP8_0Jx9hbzJNYQIcl0KsWd5p8xF_W-46IsDhEDZKbuYMMPJ8_9azr7QBr-CO7uUl8Dvh2vWKRiCHU-BmaQoZoybBK8UsEVvD5uwmUrJbPT5CLw3Wgc4HhMmccM/s1600/marion+michael+fence+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdMd1a5yyYaBcTgCDsjzP8_0Jx9hbzJNYQIcl0KsWd5p8xF_W-46IsDhEDZKbuYMMPJ8_9azr7QBr-CO7uUl8Dvh2vWKRiCHU-BmaQoZoybBK8UsEVvD5uwmUrJbPT5CLw3Wgc4HhMmccM/s1600/marion+michael+fence+2.jpg" width="310" /></a></div>
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After filming DER TOLLE BOMBERG (<i>The Mad Bomberg</i>, 1957), she returned as Liane in LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN (<i>Liane, the White Slave</i>, 1957, also known as <i>Jungle Girl and the Slaver</i> and <i>Nature Girl and the Slaver</i>). In the sequel, Liane is once again the long-haired jungle maiden, still indifferent to clothing, though some of the shells of her necklace seem to be immobile, as if wardrobe was instructed to paste them to her boobs; and at 22 minutes into the film she dons the familiar shirt and shorts from the first movie, just in time for some perils in the desert. <b>Jean Pierre Faye</b> and <b>Rolf von Nauckhoff</b> resume their roles as Tanga and Professor Danner. The movie was also a box office success. LIANE, JUNGLE GODDESS and, to a lesser extent, the sequel, were to be Marion Michael's only real claim to fame.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikcQPRn6UfzVomvpjiAV6d1aYYDdEYdBi2WkZpLm2FBDRkqZ0P1sXmQS6OLJ3oN6VdWsDpa7A5RP8Kynk-AU8pcch02dhjfavlHlzIUj1zpmYCUuKYRN3DKcy0NDlWFnWWgM6PrV7TKYio/s1600/die+weisse+sklavin+programme.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikcQPRn6UfzVomvpjiAV6d1aYYDdEYdBi2WkZpLm2FBDRkqZ0P1sXmQS6OLJ3oN6VdWsDpa7A5RP8Kynk-AU8pcch02dhjfavlHlzIUj1zpmYCUuKYRN3DKcy0NDlWFnWWgM6PrV7TKYio/s1600/die+weisse+sklavin+programme.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN film programme, 1957</span></i>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf_5BF3uFtq2YNcDifeLZs80Z65lV8-hlJ8wU_XLhIdpaojCxxMyOnejX9PcSCKS2gPgk0wkc39i1r5UyUBCfTgNED2VOlKEUBZaa3FYu3ytb_8Q37JEjViJSG5PZ1YMvKzkjQSTMHIhkK/s1600/liane+white+slave+programme.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf_5BF3uFtq2YNcDifeLZs80Z65lV8-hlJ8wU_XLhIdpaojCxxMyOnejX9PcSCKS2gPgk0wkc39i1r5UyUBCfTgNED2VOlKEUBZaa3FYu3ytb_8Q37JEjViJSG5PZ1YMvKzkjQSTMHIhkK/s400/liane+white+slave+programme.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN film programme</span></i>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCpERCJU96pLZ5fBaVlBXrCUx5mBnrAH5RWxpcbH09Q2LLSBkqEI8G2lH58pv0JlzZebfaXL6LWQ0y7aifnTsQ3Sh7wEE1eOnQyZ75gaoeylbfA3mQboE2QsJxbFnDGDvGzofRff3f7Wk3/s1600/liane+l%27esclave+blanche.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCpERCJU96pLZ5fBaVlBXrCUx5mBnrAH5RWxpcbH09Q2LLSBkqEI8G2lH58pv0JlzZebfaXL6LWQ0y7aifnTsQ3Sh7wEE1eOnQyZ75gaoeylbfA3mQboE2QsJxbFnDGDvGzofRff3f7Wk3/s400/liane+l'esclave+blanche.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Belgian poster.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglOmZqaZTxgyEs5ppA7_b4oVu_PhyphenhyphenIcX0Fw7GvLek63stZUHmYCcTTKmLUxIXLusFNWNGWHt0pHQgF_7DL8cbvXFmeRT4qTFkG-VSrroyyrXcExt65MfvwofmQCItvjyRxefF0FjRwf5rJ/s1600/liane+die+weisse+sklavin+premiere.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglOmZqaZTxgyEs5ppA7_b4oVu_PhyphenhyphenIcX0Fw7GvLek63stZUHmYCcTTKmLUxIXLusFNWNGWHt0pHQgF_7DL8cbvXFmeRT4qTFkG-VSrroyyrXcExt65MfvwofmQCItvjyRxefF0FjRwf5rJ/s400/liane+die+weisse+sklavin+premiere.jpg" width="287" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">What unmitigated idiot gave Marion Michael second billing for the LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN premiere?</span></i></td></tr>
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When LIANE, THE JUNGLE GODDESS started playing North America in the fall of 1958, it was mainly shown in grindhouse theatres, often on the same bill as <b>Brigitte Bardot</b> and <b>Diana Dors</b> movies. In the U.S. the National Legion of Decency rendered their verdict on LIANE: "<i>Objection</i>: This film seriously offends Christian and traditional standards of decency by reason of gross suggestiveness in costuming." At some theatres it was titled LIANE, THE NAKED GODDESS. Soon JUNGLE/NATURE GIRL AND THE SLAVER made the rounds, and the movie posters were even more lurid. They weren't doing Marion Michael any favours.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcEOESX3xrQdeKyCd6FbQa3DdkVapC976p9H4fOY_qI9TXL0oZO244zv_KCplwzPzHCjQAGHnk5tA_UQpAtywPW7zGDRI02su78nUv7aNXPWIt26GdslS6F5a0FAYAdaraNA3B0k_Prrd2/s1600/nature+girl+and+the+slaver.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcEOESX3xrQdeKyCd6FbQa3DdkVapC976p9H4fOY_qI9TXL0oZO244zv_KCplwzPzHCjQAGHnk5tA_UQpAtywPW7zGDRI02su78nUv7aNXPWIt26GdslS6F5a0FAYAdaraNA3B0k_Prrd2/s400/nature+girl+and+the+slaver.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">A truly unfortunate poster for LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN for the American market.</span></i></td></tr>
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Still, Marion Michael enjoyed a few years of popularity in Europe, and was the subject of countless celebrity trading cards and postcards, most featuring publicity shots and movie stills from LIANE. Aside from the three Anne Day-Helveg books, there were also the <b>Roman Film Color</b> photonovel adaptations of both movies: <i>Liana, la Fille de la Foret</i> (#6, October 20, 1958) and <i>Liana, la Schiava Bianca</i> (#9, January 20, 1959). Essentially, they were Italian comic books comprised of photos from the movies.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzz49LouHzS2NvC2AKFM6iNv2bF-iy5fHY0d8oGtV1Qf3BkhiNcMcxlibgGUr52kl6l2Cg_KYLR3I1nY7QYpwCfk42ssYXhIEaN1UY5YLAAl5vo0XrKmsTC3qrbzxeNsrpWjbLmKgTG7eV/s1600/liane+photonovel+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzz49LouHzS2NvC2AKFM6iNv2bF-iy5fHY0d8oGtV1Qf3BkhiNcMcxlibgGUr52kl6l2Cg_KYLR3I1nY7QYpwCfk42ssYXhIEaN1UY5YLAAl5vo0XrKmsTC3qrbzxeNsrpWjbLmKgTG7eV/s400/liane+photonovel+1.jpg" width="292" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">ROMAN FILM COLOR #6 (October 20, 1958), adapting LIANE, DAS MADCHEM AUS DEM URWALD</span><span style="font-size: small;">.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbWiEF2kVc_g21WJAx6R1-yRqP0ntiPN2CaSO85EJoFa43qw5r1IGWilsXAnL8_FnkskzND9QOJVaW4G8_2riWXxZQpcZFv8rWp4L5SXqMATQCGrNDtYCfroXFHXc4w8d2LvUJcFqfXZCl/s1600/liane+photonovel+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbWiEF2kVc_g21WJAx6R1-yRqP0ntiPN2CaSO85EJoFa43qw5r1IGWilsXAnL8_FnkskzND9QOJVaW4G8_2riWXxZQpcZFv8rWp4L5SXqMATQCGrNDtYCfroXFHXc4w8d2LvUJcFqfXZCl/s400/liane+photonovel+2.jpg" width="316" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">ROMAN FILM COLOR #9 (January 20, 1959), adapting LIANE, DIE WEISSE SKLAVIN.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFkuy8hZ2jPaKzv7ChrsRghs4Ho3s2dvDl2II1z3oyLO3yhgop31plOD6i80saXC0qAveC9P0ww_XPtEy_QSS8nIsP-VhI6GKaFBhIlKPO8p4v4pgLX8RXc2ZMiv4mosln98TJ7siWBZSx/s1600/erbania+7+june+1959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFkuy8hZ2jPaKzv7ChrsRghs4Ho3s2dvDl2II1z3oyLO3yhgop31plOD6i80saXC0qAveC9P0ww_XPtEy_QSS8nIsP-VhI6GKaFBhIlKPO8p4v4pgLX8RXc2ZMiv4mosln98TJ7siWBZSx/s400/erbania+7+june+1959.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">ERBANIA #7 (June 1959).</span></i></td></tr>
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But Liane didn't go completely unknown or unappreciated elsewhere. ERBANIA, a fanzine devoted to <b>Edgar Rice Burroughs</b> and related interests, reviewed LIANE, JUNGLE GODDESS in issue #7 (June 1959), which also featured her on the cover. The movie would certainly have been of interest to Burroughs fans.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8YqUaDkUBrdx5E6DykEKFliRdNZA83dIIwfuwWIijiTFLosn4YwkPbr6Cv_madPTf3-PhggNsaS7wJHFdpeWPAoB_D7qYpAKW2Xlc0qb3KEdbnuFEvP0skR5YVc9XG1HMzLw2n84JphtM/s1600/postcard+liane.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8YqUaDkUBrdx5E6DykEKFliRdNZA83dIIwfuwWIijiTFLosn4YwkPbr6Cv_madPTf3-PhggNsaS7wJHFdpeWPAoB_D7qYpAKW2Xlc0qb3KEdbnuFEvP0skR5YVc9XG1HMzLw2n84JphtM/s400/postcard+liane.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">One of a zillion Marion Michael postcards.</span></i></td></tr>
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<i>"Liane"</i>, a 90-minute German television special, was shown in 1996, with three different actresses portraying Marion Michael in different stages of her life, told in musical form. Marion herself made an appearance.<br />
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Marion Michael passed away in 2007, just shy of her 67th birthday, but she forever lives on as <b><i>Liane</i></b>!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuzyL_sLToeyVNA1wfvZIWhukVRSs24RyhCHItlo6NxZcF4GiE9MKABAREwF5oATg2DMSEjXZgCSl70cbBP6o2Lq_lco-4IziI0jv8cnrafpRTXJD4IGaSY8lKBufXfHzBeWhjXM8t0HvV/s1600/liane.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuzyL_sLToeyVNA1wfvZIWhukVRSs24RyhCHItlo6NxZcF4GiE9MKABAREwF5oATg2DMSEjXZgCSl70cbBP6o2Lq_lco-4IziI0jv8cnrafpRTXJD4IGaSY8lKBufXfHzBeWhjXM8t0HvV/s400/liane.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-81338936505651810062013-10-26T22:02:00.000-04:002017-10-19T23:49:48.000-04:00Mary Marvel, The World's Most Pugilistic Girl!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Marvel</b> graces the cover of </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">WOW COMICS</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #18.</span></i></td></tr>
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Who is the greatest superheroine of all time, you might ask? <b>Wonder Woman</b>, perhaps? No, she's too silly, riding around in an invisible plane, when she's quite capable of flying without such a contraption. Besides, what purpose does it serve to have an invisible plane when <i>she</i> can be seen, seated in her invisible chair?</div>
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<b>Supergirl</b>? No, she's a bit foolish, too. She switches to her civilian identity as <b>Linda Lee</b> by taking the trouble to stuff her long, golden tresses under a brunette wig. Why wouldn't she just take a cue from her cousin and put on a pair of glasses?<br />
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<b>Sue Storm</b>, the<b> Invisible Girl</b>? Nay. Her only power is to give artists a break. All they have to do is <i>not</i> draw her!<br />
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<i>Who</i> then? <i>Who</i> is the greatest superheroine of all time? The answer: <b>Mary Marvel</b> -- <i>the World's</i> <i>Mightiest Girl</i> -- that's who!<br />
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Mary Marvel always got the job done, even if it meant punching faces first and asking questions later. She never ran from a fight no matter how powerful and dangerous the enemy might be. No case was too big or too small -- she always answered any plea for help. And even as <b>Mary Batson</b>, she bravely entered the hideouts of gangsters, the strongholds of supervillains, the frightful lairs of hideous demons, determined to vanquish the evil-doers, or die trying.<br />
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Mary Marvel, a spin-off of the popular <b>Captain Marvel</b> character published by Fawcett Comics, first appeared in CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #18 (December 1942), exactly one year after another Captain Marvel spin-off, <b>Captain Marvel, Jr.</b>, made his debut in WHIZ COMICS #25 (December 1941).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV-SEbJL_tvYEQBaOvZsasKvc-JzidkLVcMgnyvcQlLokNyu-o-J0Sq0AwiK6LjNuvz9AFJq-kjqVOXPGkKk0UTVGJWIkgamhBcCcfsAMKR8ks82ITMPQOIfRD10UkV9sDLhJOH-DHxHwV/s1600/whiz+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV-SEbJL_tvYEQBaOvZsasKvc-JzidkLVcMgnyvcQlLokNyu-o-J0Sq0AwiK6LjNuvz9AFJq-kjqVOXPGkKk0UTVGJWIkgamhBcCcfsAMKR8ks82ITMPQOIfRD10UkV9sDLhJOH-DHxHwV/s400/whiz+1.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The first issue of </i>WHIZ COMICS <i>(February 1940), which introduced</i> <i><b>Captain Marvel</b>.</i></span></td></tr>
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Captain Marvel debuted in the first issue of WHIZ COMICS (February 1940), the creation of writer Bill Parker and artist C.C. Beck. (No number was present on the covers of the first two issues, only in the idicia, which indicated No. 2 for the first issue, No. 3 for the second issue, etc. The discrepancy in numbering was corrected with issue #5.)</div>
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In 1939, Fawcett decided to join the rising tide of comic books, a canny decision. As circulation director Roscoe Fawcett recalled: "I was responsible, I feel, for Captain Marvel. I got us into the comic book business. I said, 'Give me a Superman, only have his other identity be a 10 or 12-year-old boy rather than a man.' I put Al Allard in charge of coordinating the project with some assistance from editorial director Ralph Daigh."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTbwwunSKQvaZRn9TFepWICEfq_ouaE2un9yJKzqLTrUiFEdNqz0TKAAJOU4NW4egN-JlcrvCeXT_VCxMx5sNrroQIyh5NXsUKWMPTYeKuPogUNQx8O3VbaQ8dsSaN1kmSE4dPwJLVID8p/s1600/mary+marvel+button.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTbwwunSKQvaZRn9TFepWICEfq_ouaE2un9yJKzqLTrUiFEdNqz0TKAAJOU4NW4egN-JlcrvCeXT_VCxMx5sNrroQIyh5NXsUKWMPTYeKuPogUNQx8O3VbaQ8dsSaN1kmSE4dPwJLVID8p/s400/mary+marvel+button.jpg" width="343" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Marvel</b> pin; 13/16"; litho, 1946</span></i></td></tr>
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The project was eventually left to writer Bill Parker and artist C. C. Beck, who came up with <i>Captain</i> <i>Marvel</i>. In his origin story, <b>Billy Batson</b>, a homeless waif selling newspapers, is approached by a mysterious figure who conducts him through a secret subway tunnel, then through a cavern, past statues depicting the seven deadly enemies of man, where he's brought before the hoary old wizard, <b>Shazam</b>, sitting upon his throne. Shazam explains to Billy that he'd been watching him for years -- on what appears to be a 60-inch flat screen colour TV! Billy's parents had died, the orphan left in the care of his uncle, who cruelly expelled him from his home upon receipt of the boy's inheritance.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzAStahY_zs3ZgxNGO-U7vZLBpa7aB3lcyfitVQYLHtTnd2rppbDtDKSOhOdiCRBFlokkfGV9CvXlmXG-5n6mY8efg2ULr3ivZTbhurJaQFce5Xd6gNf97BnbKqOdxyaIhzTkj3MUNdRNQ/s1600/wow+comics+41+binder.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzAStahY_zs3ZgxNGO-U7vZLBpa7aB3lcyfitVQYLHtTnd2rppbDtDKSOhOdiCRBFlokkfGV9CvXlmXG-5n6mY8efg2ULr3ivZTbhurJaQFce5Xd6gNf97BnbKqOdxyaIhzTkj3MUNdRNQ/s400/wow+comics+41+binder.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Original Jack Binder art for</i> WOW COMICS <i>#41 (February 1948).</i></span></td></tr>
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As for Shazam, the Egyptian wizard had been battling evil for 3,000 years, his time was up, and it was now Billy's duty to be earth's great protector. All he need do was utter the wizard's name, and be transformed into a protector of earth and champion of justice, with the powers of six gods. The name "Shazam" stood for<br />
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<b>Solomon</b> (wisdom);<br />
<b>Hercules</b> (strength);<br />
<b>Atlas</b> (stamina);<br />
<b>Zeus</b> (power);<br />
<b>Achilles</b> (courage);<br />
<b>Mercury</b> (speed).<br />
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Billy does as he is bid, and says the magic word: lightning crashes down, and he is transformed into Captain Marvel, a hero the size of a linebacker, sporting a red leotard with a lightning bolt emblazoned across the chest, a small white cape held on by a thick rope, and yellow boots. To return to his mortal form, he need only speak the name again. Satisfied that Billy is the boy for the job, Shazam dies, but Billy can call on him in times of emergency by lighting a brazier located next to the empty throne.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3MmRyVi77HMvbOpZW2p139xdoN80nY6Qh25ivIKRvyuLT_Kw1vpXVQ3bSX61OyJMM-AeaJn3KfC4KV3W5XP-dQPrMYgyX_oKl-ktsoupkD_D0lV0ZA8WUKREUQwzu6kLux4E02pWZkbF6/s1600/mary+marvel+patch+1946.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3MmRyVi77HMvbOpZW2p139xdoN80nY6Qh25ivIKRvyuLT_Kw1vpXVQ3bSX61OyJMM-AeaJn3KfC4KV3W5XP-dQPrMYgyX_oKl-ktsoupkD_D0lV0ZA8WUKREUQwzu6kLux4E02pWZkbF6/s400/mary+marvel+patch+1946.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Mavel</b> felt patch, 3" x 4", 1946</span></i></td></tr>
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Captain Marvel was aimed at young readers. The plots were unsophisticated, making it unlikely that any child would have to struggle to follow the story; and the brilliant artwork was so simple that one would still be able to follow the story even if there were no captions or dialogue. <br />
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<b>The Big Red Cheese</b> (as his arch-nemesis <b>Dr. Sivana</b> called him) was an instant success and kids couldn't get enough of him. In addition to the lead feature in WHIZ, he soon commanded his own title, CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES, and also appeared in the short-lived AMERICA'S GREATEST COMICS. 1941 also saw the release of Republic Pictures' 12-part serial, <i>Adventures of Captain Marvel</i>, starring Tom Tyler in the title role.<br />
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In fact, Fawcett's premier superhero was outselling <b>Superman</b> himself, prompting a 1941 lawsuit by DC for copyright infringement. The lawsuit, which dragged on for years, was initially dismissed on a technicality.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizexjJ1auJmSIWitdIKvoSeRx6qk-TuoDbMasRnU0nfIqmjGc3mOPdD9zKA7Kocp-R_xugHxnj_lrKF4yhMP2KL_qqGzDN1HiwPLQH0FkcJNIyV7JOtUwcwueAjd9rBh9go4J6Y2bbtcQ4/s1600/otto+binder.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizexjJ1auJmSIWitdIKvoSeRx6qk-TuoDbMasRnU0nfIqmjGc3mOPdD9zKA7Kocp-R_xugHxnj_lrKF4yhMP2KL_qqGzDN1HiwPLQH0FkcJNIyV7JOtUwcwueAjd9rBh9go4J6Y2bbtcQ4/s400/otto+binder.jpg" width="142" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">writer Otto Binder</span></i></td></tr>
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That same year, an extremely prolific writer named Otto Binder was hired to ease the workload at Fawcett's comic book division, though his first Captain Marvel story, <i>Return of the Scorpion</i>, was actually a <b>Big Little</b> <b>Book</b>. Binder became the company's top writer, scripting the bulk of Captain Marvel's adventures, as well as stories for dozens of other characters in the Fawcett stable.<br />
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Captain Marvel's success inspired a spin-off, Captain Marvel, Jr., who debuted in WHIZ #25 (December 1941), was then featured in MASTER COMICS, and eventually earned his own title, CAPTAIN MARVEL JR. He was the creation of writer Ed Herron and artist Mac Raboy, who rendered the character in a more realistic style.<br />
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In a nutshell, a boy named <b>Freddy Freeman</b> is injured and dying. Billy brings him to Shazam. Alas, the wizard has no mastery over life and death, but Billy can save the lad by granting him some of his own powers. Thus, Freddy Freeman becomes Captain Marvel Jr., resplendent in blue tights and red cape, and by uttering the name of his hero, Captain Marvel, he too changes into a superhero, though he remains a boy. Unfortunately, Freddy, in his mortal form, is left with a crippled leg, and he's forced to hobble around with the aid of a crutch.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHwv7FPViw2bsiHX2qn0OQZajWIuVBH7JpjO3pky092xLoAh6G7TPWVpyhNqIW_UCXIB-rLLEoaAwSZJ0NErIgdHUmdr98NK2G3UGp7mAhl5l4NSyOlKB7htgjaHR1NDEHhprpzZldVnWs/s1600/mary+marvel+promo+1942.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHwv7FPViw2bsiHX2qn0OQZajWIuVBH7JpjO3pky092xLoAh6G7TPWVpyhNqIW_UCXIB-rLLEoaAwSZJ0NErIgdHUmdr98NK2G3UGp7mAhl5l4NSyOlKB7htgjaHR1NDEHhprpzZldVnWs/s400/mary+marvel+promo+1942.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Newsstand promo, 1942</span></i></td></tr>
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At this point it only made sense to introduce a female version of Captain Marvel. Artist Marc Swayze recalled that he was asked by Ed Herron to come up with sketches for a new addition to the Marvel Family, Mary Marvel, "a little gal about the age of Billy Batson." In fact, she was to be Billy's twin sister. Swayze "whipped up some sketches" of a young girl in a red dress, the same lightning bolt emblem adorning her chest, short sleeves, a yellow belt girdling her waist, a miniskirt, yellow boots, and little white cape. He anticipated requests for revisions, but "the drawings were accepted without a single change or even any suggestions!"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_MEfa70NY5jGTsp_aibFpG4BaI47A5JtlAv5sOF3McTz5LYZhH6dZY9sUvigEM7HjmBndmDewP1-imFY7YiRDPpj74zrQ997IghPSa6aWz8pVe8CiZN9Ajhxx0usqFLbvYjkKxbBH4K08/s1600/captain+marvel+adventures+18.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_MEfa70NY5jGTsp_aibFpG4BaI47A5JtlAv5sOF3McTz5LYZhH6dZY9sUvigEM7HjmBndmDewP1-imFY7YiRDPpj74zrQ997IghPSa6aWz8pVe8CiZN9Ajhxx0usqFLbvYjkKxbBH4K08/s400/captain+marvel+adventures+18.jpg" width="278" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES <i>#18 (December 1942), introducing <b>Mary Marvel</b>.</i></span></td></tr>
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Mary made her dynamic debut in CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #18 (December 1942). In her origin story, which opens with a fantastic double-page spread, a girl named <b>Mary Bromfield</b>, wearing half of a broken locket depending from a chain around her neck, is a guest on the <i>Mental Marvel Quiz Kids </i>radio program, hosted by Billy Batson, who works at station WHIZ, owned by Sterling Morris. The other two contestants are Percy Pill and Freddy Freeman. (Billy Batson alone knows that Freddy is also Captain Marvel Jr.)<br />
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During a commercial break, Billy receives an urgent message from someone named <b>Sarah Primm</b>. He changes to Captain Marvel and flies to the address given, where Sarah Primm, lying in her death bed, makes a startling confession to Billy, and it is revealed that he has a twin sister!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzEBXYs3g6Bshyphenhyphen7WhPzTbU08UTYXXPs9id8ZiOAGPGy2ENm746D53dZQbdHQWC7QPHno6claYs_kTq1kJD7w_ZreGoSMQhZp4-lUSVtYYsdwUsBHDmLJmSHnbDmUAdWLD0hsE5vhJwJq1D/s1600/swayze+mary+marvel+original+art+1942.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzEBXYs3g6Bshyphenhyphen7WhPzTbU08UTYXXPs9id8ZiOAGPGy2ENm746D53dZQbdHQWC7QPHno6claYs_kTq1kJD7w_ZreGoSMQhZp4-lUSVtYYsdwUsBHDmLJmSHnbDmUAdWLD0hsE5vhJwJq1D/s400/swayze+mary+marvel+original+art+1942.jpeg" width="345" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Early illustration by Swayze; the full figure was used in <b>Mary</b>'s first appearance, in </i>CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES<i> #18, though her belt buckle would be removed and her boots slightly altered.</i></span></td></tr>
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Sarah Primm had been nurse to the twins when their parents died, and she took them into her home, intending to place them in an orphanage. But Miss Primm was also nurse to the infant daughter of a rich lady named <b>Mrs. Bromfield</b>, and when the baby died in her care, she panicked, and substituted Billy's sister. "You'll have a home, Mary Batson," she declared, "even if Billy must go to an orphanage! No one will ever know!"<br />
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Billy, desperate to know more, is given a chain with half of a broken locket attached to it. "You'll know her by this broken locket. She wears the other half." But Miss Primm dies before she can reveal the name of the lady who unwittingly raised Billy's sister.<br />
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Stunned by the revelation that he has a twin sister, it takes Billy a while to realise that the bright, young girl he'd met earlier at the radio station carried the other half of the locket given to him by Sarah Primm. Billy and Freddy change to their other identities, and fly after Mary Bromfield, only to witness her being kidnapped for ransom. They easily defeat the kidnappers and rescue Mary, and it is Captain Marvel himself who shows her the locket and explains that Billy Batson is her twin brother, and that he, in fact, is Billy. This comes as wonderful news to Mary.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicvSNRydg7-mTl9KqYWQcjiCkNrZr9qF-8Jdr8M-6YFK_9n7cPmL_JRvY3sYZeG_xA04U_6R4o858igtJ8W90z6ZlsP6F1CRSZaCk-e8Yc7nW9kvWle1SxWV4BvitMh-7LIfrnJ0tglePl/s1600/captain+marvel+18+splash.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicvSNRydg7-mTl9KqYWQcjiCkNrZr9qF-8Jdr8M-6YFK_9n7cPmL_JRvY3sYZeG_xA04U_6R4o858igtJ8W90z6ZlsP6F1CRSZaCk-e8Yc7nW9kvWle1SxWV4BvitMh-7LIfrnJ0tglePl/s400/captain+marvel+18+splash.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Detail from a beautiful double-page splash, from</i> CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES <i>#18 (December 1942).</i></span></td></tr>
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Captain Marvel and Junior return to their mortal forms to show Mary how they make their fantastic changes. Being that she's Billy's twin sister, Mary wonders if she inherited the same power. Billy dismisses the notion outright: Shazam "wouldn't give his powers to a <i>girl</i>!!"<br />
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In the meantime, the hoodlums have recovered and quickly seize the trio, tying and gagging the boys. But Mary unintentionally speaks the name of Shazam, and is instantly transformed by a lightning bolt and the clap of thunder into Mary Marvel, the World's Mightiest Girl!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMdONfUOL_V_9W4NoYi-E-gUThCSUF3ewK41521P9vIVdltzjS_cltf8bIBBogHgv6mz-qyYtYXkSo2tzLFz_xokDav64e6F5WAkTrPzSTk_VtPgJiZM1-G0qGoVH-UARS795m5-ba2imc/s1600/Captain+Marvel+18+pn1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMdONfUOL_V_9W4NoYi-E-gUThCSUF3ewK41521P9vIVdltzjS_cltf8bIBBogHgv6mz-qyYtYXkSo2tzLFz_xokDav64e6F5WAkTrPzSTk_VtPgJiZM1-G0qGoVH-UARS795m5-ba2imc/s400/Captain+Marvel+18+pn1.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Above and below: a few scenes after <b>Mary Batson</b>'s transformation into <b>Mary Marvel</b>, from</i> CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES <i>#18 (December 1942).</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgb9UZ-xYhQsNja8a8In3n5Ed1g1pwIoQgOhxdOKnwZ4eVRU0k50B5Mo9XuanlAKuXkdLhbNQWrs6SQKRXLzK4O8JQ2Eb1nd5jlQ-GiBNI9r98QCeDHvEpx43XC_7Rp4UCaNQ8R2DdjCwr/s1600/Captain+Marvel+18+pn2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgb9UZ-xYhQsNja8a8In3n5Ed1g1pwIoQgOhxdOKnwZ4eVRU0k50B5Mo9XuanlAKuXkdLhbNQWrs6SQKRXLzK4O8JQ2Eb1nd5jlQ-GiBNI9r98QCeDHvEpx43XC_7Rp4UCaNQ8R2DdjCwr/s400/Captain+Marvel+18+pn2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJXn752-WlBrCpcI3DFEG0orSdco1sTKtz5UHCf7kHF4_HYjZsLtIBk1qRjVOCuqBYSR5fp_nOrdZEfYUL2AaK9WGq2IcwKz0W1zz71QAgZuleIWLBgCmFbqw8xPZ8HME7Ld6lJ5er94TF/s1600/Captain+Marvel+18+pn3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJXn752-WlBrCpcI3DFEG0orSdco1sTKtz5UHCf7kHF4_HYjZsLtIBk1qRjVOCuqBYSR5fp_nOrdZEfYUL2AaK9WGq2IcwKz0W1zz71QAgZuleIWLBgCmFbqw8xPZ8HME7Ld6lJ5er94TF/s400/Captain+Marvel+18+pn3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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In appearance, Mary Marvel is still the same young lass, except for the costume, which she takes time to inspect, in her girlish manner, not even noticing when a big lug busts a heavy wooden chair over the back of her head. When a hail of bullets starts bouncing off her, Mary retaliates, enjoying herself as she levels her opponents in a matter of seconds.<br />
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Billy seems almost jealous, and introduces Mary to Shazam in his subway sanctum, to find out why the old wizard is dispensing powers to girls. Shazam needn't have been so formally introduced to Mary, for he knows all! He explains that Mary's powers are derived from those of six goddesses:<br />
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<b>Selena</b> (grace);<br />
<b>Hippolyta</b> (strength);<br />
<b>Ariadne</b> (skill);<br />
<b>Zephyrus</b> (fleetness);<br />
<b>Aurora</b> (beauty);<br />
<b>Minerva</b> (wisdom).<br />
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"Beauty" is arguably a great power, though not very useful to someone charged with protecting the earth from evil. Still, one might very well ask in what way is "beauty" bestowed on Mary Batson if she looks the exact same except for the costume? At the end of the story, it is Captain Marvel himself who christens her "Mary Marvel".<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipWXRL_CXi7lafjk8A5fxNOD2q1CxN3zRvtT7SX5JN24mGnu0A6NG1dhjGHSRoB9yn9hRhZRNRs5T92BxymHm2Ql1VSVNlaxaxhrlO74T6COFejPKqTJ3clE94yBUh5qYwP67PQZXqoDJ6/s1600/captain+marvel+adventures+19.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipWXRL_CXi7lafjk8A5fxNOD2q1CxN3zRvtT7SX5JN24mGnu0A6NG1dhjGHSRoB9yn9hRhZRNRs5T92BxymHm2Ql1VSVNlaxaxhrlO74T6COFejPKqTJ3clE94yBUh5qYwP67PQZXqoDJ6/s400/captain+marvel+adventures+19.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES <i>#19 (January 1943), cover art by Marc Swayze.</i></span></td></tr>
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"Well, folks, how do you like Mary Marvel???" Billy asks in a promotional panel at the end of the story. "I'll tell you a secret -- watch for Mary Marvel in Wow Comics No.9, on sale Dec. 9th!" A caption at the bottom promised that Mary would also be back for another adventure in the very next issue of CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES, on sale December 11th.<br />
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Anyone who bought WOW COMICS #9 fresh off the stands would have been better off not reading it for two days, since CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #19, in which Captain Marvel trains Mary, was a direct sequel to the previous issue's origin story. In her WOW debut, a Christmas issue, Mary meets some other Fawcett heroes, <b>Mr. Scarlet</b> and his young sidekick, <b>Pinky</b>.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeF2iFRLH_6s2dilRQRLaaNZ4gr_D9wpBoLVLJgnf3FbPxoulf8vptLhPAyDg2LDOjne38aTETwAXcSQv0wZ_7Nl1sj1aqPalWZZ3rKA5DAKLLB-GwktM6tW3GuSaNMDf6-iTAUNONOOFB/s1600/whiz+59.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeF2iFRLH_6s2dilRQRLaaNZ4gr_D9wpBoLVLJgnf3FbPxoulf8vptLhPAyDg2LDOjne38aTETwAXcSQv0wZ_7Nl1sj1aqPalWZZ3rKA5DAKLLB-GwktM6tW3GuSaNMDf6-iTAUNONOOFB/s400/whiz+59.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The gang's all here, some of them miraculously appearing twice, on this cover for </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">WHIZ COMICS</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #59 (October 1944). How the <b>Marvels</b> got <b>Sivana</b> to kindly join them in this already impossible photo remains a mystery.</span></i></td></tr>
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In his cantankerous old age, C. C. Beck had nothing good to say about Mary Marvel. "...Mary Marvel was created to attract girl readers. In my opinion, Mary Marvel was a weak, synthetic character also created on the order of the publisher. She never came to life in the way that Billy Batson and Captain Marvel did but always seemed wooden and artificial."<br />
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CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #18 sported a wonderful painted cover by Beck, showing Captain Marvel, Mary Marvel, and Captain Marvel Jr. standing in a spotlight before a curtain, Mary greeting the reader with a wave.<br />
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Mary's origin story was written by Otto Binder, and drawn by Marc Swayze. Swayze supplied the beautiful Christmas cover for the next issue, showing Captain Marvel, Mary Marvel and Santa Claus flying above snow-covered houses. Swayze once again drew the story, and also Mary's first two covers and stories for WOW COMICS, but was asked to concentrate on Captain Marvel, Fawcett's bread-and-butter.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh88p5q28rdMp-81RbrJMZOyMj95mEa9LG42q-VBERyHj3WQq9B9nPdqqKiDx4wDhqCMVmWhyphenhyphenxCap_jP6UwvyNzRYeambPVVwxfy7AvzvRiKhYxuJhsBLmmepIqOryYe-yCQ5MEPRafdcnN/s1600/wow+9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh88p5q28rdMp-81RbrJMZOyMj95mEa9LG42q-VBERyHj3WQq9B9nPdqqKiDx4wDhqCMVmWhyphenhyphenxCap_jP6UwvyNzRYeambPVVwxfy7AvzvRiKhYxuJhsBLmmepIqOryYe-yCQ5MEPRafdcnN/s400/wow+9.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>With</i> WOW COMICS <i>#9 (January 1943), <b>Mary Marvel</b> takes over the lead feature</i>.<i> Cover by Swayze.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh94vvxb8_3USII3_0bpsqXTDHnijAv_qbKJwSBJ6YumdGrRrYxVDj2h4Y3czoJxgLbhkH4LJhrG1XhpCQ5AWE1ILcCKe4NixtTlzMun9BN5ssKqlAx06Yeclr2s9YYVgY1NxiNAdPZChX7/s1600/wow+10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh94vvxb8_3USII3_0bpsqXTDHnijAv_qbKJwSBJ6YumdGrRrYxVDj2h4Y3czoJxgLbhkH4LJhrG1XhpCQ5AWE1ILcCKe4NixtTlzMun9BN5ssKqlAx06Yeclr2s9YYVgY1NxiNAdPZChX7/s400/wow+10.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">WOW COMICS <span style="font-size: small;"><i>#10 (February 1943). Another gorgeous cover by Swayze.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB1JoXu3VYEKjcs2AyHTVENkWePXDv_R4OVEczAFptePcwV0BqonpOjRcN7IkUiTR0f_3zKMB8ZgX_MbtBYg2_UIoOrB-BqGEv50HBMaWVmyLM41No_6muuH1IZ1DNHpjNMjcmIVwRslGc/s1600/pif+paf+1946.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB1JoXu3VYEKjcs2AyHTVENkWePXDv_R4OVEczAFptePcwV0BqonpOjRcN7IkUiTR0f_3zKMB8ZgX_MbtBYg2_UIoOrB-BqGEv50HBMaWVmyLM41No_6muuH1IZ1DNHpjNMjcmIVwRslGc/s400/pif+paf+1946.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">"Through the powers vested in her by the <b>Shazam</b> goddesses, <b>Mary Marvel</b> is quickly able to learn any language..." She speaks Spanish in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">PIF-PAF</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> # 382 (December 24, 1946), a cheaply-printed, black and white Argentine comic devoted to superheroes.</span></i></td></tr>
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Instead, the art chores were given to Otto Binder's older brother, Jack. To keep up with demand and a growing line of comics, Fawcett had been farming out work to Jack Binder, who owned a busy comic book studio, having gained experience managing Harry "A" Chesler's studio for three years. Binder's studio had initially operated out of his own little apartment, but the exponentially growing staff left little room for his family, so he found a large house in New Jersey where the gang occupied a carriage house out back, but eventually returned to New York City where most of the clients were located. Artist Gil Kane recalled that Binder "had a loft on Fifth Avenue and it just looked like an internment camp. There must have been 50 or 60 guys up there, all at drawing tables."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6BrYjrVCu20c7qlwuc7vmqYim4CKvOllQhgkJlGU2z3wX81UR7ndJZs_7rAe2hofdh6RSnA77IvMEjAYznDHAaE4uuoqi9Yz4GdtpVCrN-FSVOs8QIX7kJIB1aLILURVw3ea2q56WPwB7/s1600/Jack+Binder.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6BrYjrVCu20c7qlwuc7vmqYim4CKvOllQhgkJlGU2z3wX81UR7ndJZs_7rAe2hofdh6RSnA77IvMEjAYznDHAaE4uuoqi9Yz4GdtpVCrN-FSVOs8QIX7kJIB1aLILURVw3ea2q56WPwB7/s400/Jack+Binder.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary Marvel artist, Jack Binder</i></span></td></tr>
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At first, Jack Binder had little, if anything, to do with the actual artwork. When the studio had been in full force, it was an assembly line, and the chores varied: the writer would type out a story, an artist would pencil in the main characters, another artist the secondary characters, a few more would furnish the backgrounds; then someone would ink the main figures, another the secondary figures, others the backgrounds, with everyone paid a specific rate for his contribution. It was piece work, and the more you produced, the more money you made.<br />
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But as the war dragged on Binder's staff was depleted by Uncle Sam, eventually leaving his shop with little more than a skeleton crew. Jack had no choice but to roll up his sleeves and draw Mary Marvel himself, at least to some degree.<br />
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According to an article on C. C. Beck in the August 1973 issue of the excellent MONSTER TIMES newspaper, there "was a policy at the time that the artists could not sign their names to their work, based on the theory that it would take away from the realism and fantasy of the stories. They wanted their young readers to actually believe there was a Captain Marvel!"<br />
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Though Jack Binder never signed his name, a small typeset credit, "DRAWN BY JACK BINDER", appeared at the bottom of the first page of Mary Marvel's stories, beginning with WOW COMICS #19 (November 1943). This wasn't so much a signature as it was an advertisement, letting potential clients know what quality of artwork and lettering Binder and his studio -- or, what was left of it -- were capable of doing.<br />
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As a team, Otto and Jack Binder would produce most of Mary Marvel's stories for WOW COMICS and in her own magazine, MARY MARVEL (where she usually had four adventures in each issue), as well as many of her solo adventures later on in THE MARVEL FAMILY comic.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwOr9OaVQDfpSeGJH8onMgoqHav1FmhfEAT_aNq2A0T0pZ4_SpOAun5BdLKM2AQug0HbZueb0Db_kL6F5Pg61oVforzpAwWHqLvYAva3F67D3Cs8umaKDXo1r3tvSlKBmo9adDc0RmdzQ_/s1600/marvel+family+86+book+burning.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwOr9OaVQDfpSeGJH8onMgoqHav1FmhfEAT_aNq2A0T0pZ4_SpOAun5BdLKM2AQug0HbZueb0Db_kL6F5Pg61oVforzpAwWHqLvYAva3F67D3Cs8umaKDXo1r3tvSlKBmo9adDc0RmdzQ_/s400/marvel+family+86+book+burning.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Book burning scene from</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#86 (August 1953). Seen is</i> LORDS OF CREATION <i>(1949) by Eando Binder, in an unabashed plug. "E" and "O" Binder is a pseudonym for Earl and Otto Binder.</i></span></td></tr>
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With CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #19 (January 1943), Mary Bromfield was now going by the name "Mary Batson", to honour her real parents, and Mary took to calling her foster mother "Mrs. Bromfield", though she starts calling her "Mother" again before long. In any case, their love for each other wasn't diminished by the shocking revelation that Mary wasn't Mrs. Bromfield's daughter, after all. Initially, though, Mary was afraid that her foster mother might not want her anymore.<br />
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Mary is never seen discussing the matter with Mrs. Bromfield, but in WOW COMICS #9 (January 1943) she does confide in the butler, Peeves: "Since I've found out I'm Billy Batson's sister...well, I almost feel I don't really belong here anymore!" "This is still your home, Miss Mary!" says Peeves; "Mrs. Bromfield would never let you go!"<br />
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A different butler, "Jives", begins appearing without fanfare in #11, and Mary confides in him, too. (Apparently, the name "Jeeves" had appeared in the original lettering, but was altered to say "Jives" when it became evident that the new artist had drawn a completely different looking character.) "Here I am, living in all this swank, even though Mrs. Bromfield -- er -- mother -- knows I'm really plain Mary Batson, an orphan, and not really her daughter!"<br />
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Where Mary and Mrs. Bromfield live is a matter of conjecture. Sometimes Billy seems to be a hop, skip and a jump away, and sometimes Mary regrets that she sees so little of him, as if he lived in another city altogether. The only clue to Mary's residence is in WOW COMICS #20 (December 1943), where the subscription address on a copy of <i>Ghostly Stories</i> reads, "<b>Miss Mary Batson/Longacre House/Wowtown</b>".<br />
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A pleasant girl, Mary never swears, uses only the mildest of expressions and euphemisms. She often says <i>Golly!</i> or <i>Goodness gracious</i>!, as well as <i>Doggone!</i>, <i>Heavens!</i>, <i>Great heavens!</i>, <i>Gosh!</i>, <i>Goody!</i> and <i>Swell!</i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4r5CuqDWrMzhsMP1USetPT2C6yaKal2siizDQdjrWndx7sfcRLPLLqy5ey24DHZfCvjxMGCGQVgF4Ek9-E3xpzp2sF0LOntgqTaTJFsjSFRH8I6gfQieVm5pSAtSReUG9NznVaolPZsqq/s1600/Mary+Marvel+goddesses.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4r5CuqDWrMzhsMP1USetPT2C6yaKal2siizDQdjrWndx7sfcRLPLLqy5ey24DHZfCvjxMGCGQVgF4Ek9-E3xpzp2sF0LOntgqTaTJFsjSFRH8I6gfQieVm5pSAtSReUG9NznVaolPZsqq/s400/Mary+Marvel+goddesses.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The goddesses from whom <b>Mary Marvel</b> derives her powers;</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#4 (August 1946).</i></span></td></tr>
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Though Mary Batson's age is never mentioned, one fact remains: if Billy is 12 and Mary is his twin sister, then Mary is also 12. Her appearance, though, varied, depending on the limitations -- and inclinations -- of the artists who drew her. At times her bust size was negligible, at other times more evident. In the story "And Then There Were None", from THE MARVEL FAMILY #89 (January 1954; incidentally, the last issue), Freddy Freeman says, "For years the three of us were the closest of friends!", so the kids might very well have aged two or three years.<br />
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In the story "Thrilling Birthday Party" (MARY MARVEL #9, February 1947), Mary celebrates her birthday (a calendar in the background reads Jan."), but says she doesn't know her true birthday, all records from the orphanage being lost. (This doesn't make sense, because Mary was never in an orphanage.)<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5ap06mTFYWs8HoxgHh1rsF63kP3vYt_NdjuTwB17L7US39j_DZvf4BQKELo5UPnBj0wpzx8KFOyjuwjNeQ0Kc8Sj0xrMnIZZwapGYtqQp3Rk56U7Qe43km9Egu1PxuXZ07S4EdSJKmgY7/s1600/mary+marvel+paper+doll+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5ap06mTFYWs8HoxgHh1rsF63kP3vYt_NdjuTwB17L7US39j_DZvf4BQKELo5UPnBj0wpzx8KFOyjuwjNeQ0Kc8Sj0xrMnIZZwapGYtqQp3Rk56U7Qe43km9Egu1PxuXZ07S4EdSJKmgY7/s400/mary+marvel+paper+doll+cover.jpg" width="296" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Above and below, the covers for a 1940s <b>Mary Marvel</b> paper doll book. As you can see, she's wearing items from her Mary Marvel clothing line (</span></i><span style="font-size: small;">see below</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">). For whatever reason, the book was never published. These cover proofs have a rather large image area of 10.5" x 14.75".</span></i></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivxjsLukr84ggKd_sSTaZUGAxDbJh-raFS2oE7kZEGd8pd60chcEuU0D7w4U91ikstHOJ-bE8DJ-NNiFyHEvguIGadV_OlxDlO0x3GeEhEYiBCJPHeiw8LHHBlNedqs7SktGetG9goDsu7/s1600/mary+marvel+paper+doll+proof+sheet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivxjsLukr84ggKd_sSTaZUGAxDbJh-raFS2oE7kZEGd8pd60chcEuU0D7w4U91ikstHOJ-bE8DJ-NNiFyHEvguIGadV_OlxDlO0x3GeEhEYiBCJPHeiw8LHHBlNedqs7SktGetG9goDsu7/s400/mary+marvel+paper+doll+proof+sheet.jpg" width="291" /></a></div>
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Throughout Mary Marvel's run at Fawcett, Mary Batson is seen almost exclusively in cute dresses with short, puffed sleeves, often with a bow in her hair, her feet always fashionably adorned with bobby socks and loafers, occasionally saddle shoes or mary janes, all indications of her youth. She's seen wearing high heels only once, (MARY MARVEL #22, March 1948), in a story based on the <i>Cinderella</i> fable. <br />
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Many young girls like to keep a diary, and in WOW COMICS #13 (May 1943), Mary Batson purchases a notebook and pencil, vowing to do a good deed every day and record it in her book. Subsequently, the journal is used to introduced each of Mary Marvel's adventures, though she would start the day off with the intention of performing a deed less fantastic, usually by collecting money or clothing for charity, bringing food baskets to families in need, and helping out at hospitals and orphanages.<br />
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The good deeds book plays its most important role in WOW COMICS #18 (October 1943), which introduced a new addition to the Marvel Family, <b>Uncle Marvel</b>.<br />
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The story, "Mary Marvel Meets Her Uncle Marvel", begins with Mary Batson wondering if she had left her good deeds book in the park, and then lamenting the fact that she has only one blood relative, Billy, wishing she had more. As she cries into her pillow, a complete stranger, looking a lot like <b>W. C. Fields</b>, strolls into her bedroom exclaiming, "You have, my dear -- you have! Don't you remember your old <b>Uncle Dudley</b>, from California?" Mary doesn't recall having an uncle, but is overjoyed, anyways. Still, she decides to test his claim by asking him to say "Shazam!" He repeats it after her, and both are transformed into superheroes. Mary asks him to come flying with her, but he insists that they hold hands while doing so.<br />
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Later, Mary visits Uncle Dudley at his office on the 13th floor of the Greeley Building. There she finds a sign on the door, "Shazam, Inc." It seems Uncle Dudley felt that the Marvel Family should profit from their heroic efforts by charging a fee for their services. Mary is all right with the idea, but only if the money is donated to the American war drive and charity.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH3p9XqXBqriH3soNBAD1SwQ9mGbExKfXebil-nahxOmqHiaQXs_W5vy4PtNKLlvtBPQ47HDqxiCrFe2W5gbXdHPYu9OAkAjWfd2b56bfjuFl_yyjlVy_Z-1T8N96lhJBAd6kgY1PhbNy1/s1600/mary+marvel+membership+card+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH3p9XqXBqriH3soNBAD1SwQ9mGbExKfXebil-nahxOmqHiaQXs_W5vy4PtNKLlvtBPQ47HDqxiCrFe2W5gbXdHPYu9OAkAjWfd2b56bfjuFl_yyjlVy_Z-1T8N96lhJBAd6kgY1PhbNy1/s400/mary+marvel+membership+card+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Above and below: the <b>Mary Marvel Club</b> membership card.</span></i></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7KjSLObbvEjKOMX4i0VC7QJoROLDWVQnka9xIkytxb9y4lDK4pVktxEBp4nrFdQ988-VuYnN3e6zYT2zECoOgSDLsNlphQezqo7kW6HJR80p6IK8TaPnFQSAXnLUrM3OEsMSHZgLfEmk6/s1600/mary+marvel+membership+card+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7KjSLObbvEjKOMX4i0VC7QJoROLDWVQnka9xIkytxb9y4lDK4pVktxEBp4nrFdQ988-VuYnN3e6zYT2zECoOgSDLsNlphQezqo7kW6HJR80p6IK8TaPnFQSAXnLUrM3OEsMSHZgLfEmk6/s400/mary+marvel+membership+card+2.jpg" width="275" /></a></div>
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In Uncle Marvel's case, "Shazam" stood for Superiority, Hugeness, All Powerful, Zealousness, All Right, and Mighty.<br />
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Given the acronym, it's not surprising that, as a Marvel, Uncle Dudley was a dud. He had found Mary's good deeds book and discovered her secret identity. He could only change into Uncle Marvel by saying the magic word along with Mary and in the blinding flash of lightning quickly discarding his clothes, revealing the home made costume already worn underneath. Whenever he can't perform a much needed heroic deed, he blames it on his "shazambago", which acts up once in a while.<br />
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But he proves his valour by throwing himself in front of a truck to save a child. Mary Marvel rescues them both in an instant, and decides she'll pretend that she believes he's really her uncle and that he has Marvel powers. She refers to him as "that lovable old fraud."<br />
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Uncle Marvel was obviously inspired by W. C. Fields, and might have been particularly inspired by the utterly insane movie, NEVER GIVE A SUCKER AN EVEN BREAK (1941), which had Fields in his last starring role, along with 15-year-old <b>Gloria Jean</b> as his niece.<br />
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Uncle Dudley/Marvel used some of the same terms of endearment used by Fields in his movies, and so referred to Mary as "my little plum", "my little lotus blossom", "my little cherry blossom", "my little rosebud", "my little lamb", "my lemon drop", "apple blossom", "pet", etc.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">WOW COMICS <span style="font-size: small;"><i>#35 (April 1946), introducing <b>Freckles Marvel</b>.</i></span></td></tr>
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WOW COMICS #35 (April 1945) introduced yet another Marvel: <b>Freckles Marvel</b>! <br />
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<b>Freckles Dudley</b> is Uncle Dudley's niece, about the same age as Mary, hair always braided in pigtails, and, as her name suggests, her face is covered in freckles. She runs around in a homemade replica of Mary Marvel's costume, and what she lacks in power she makes up for in spunk. Mary becomes good friends with her new "cousin", and together they share a number of adventures, sometimes in Skunkville (later changed to Marveltown, pop. 2202), where Freckles lives.<br />
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Despite the presence of more serious, more violent Nazi-smashing back up features like <i>Commando Yank</i> and <i>Phantom Eagle</i>, WOW COMICS was aimed at a girl audience. The lead story in #28 has Mary Batson wearing a conspicuously detailed dress, and at the bottom of the page a caption reads, "Girls, have you noticed Mary's cute new dress? You'll know more about this dress if you'll turn to the page that follows the end of this story." That page is an ad for a Mary Marvel dress costing a mere $2.98 (plus "a few cents" shipping). It was the first of an entire line of Mary Marvel clothing and accessories, which included other such pretty dresses, a sweater, a handbag with lightning bolt emblem, a beanie, a raincoat, dungarees, shirts, shorts, corduroy jacket-blouse and skirt, and a "handy" hat that also served as ear-muffs, scarf and belt. For many issues to come, Mary is seen wearing the latest Mary Marvel dress.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXQuxWgN9bM48RnlgYkXNS6M8_nJkqCXLxOJ9RDoH5iBeZM8exl7CG5MyS5F_gqss-6FNu0UztJmVqK2uTgF-kcv046TTflhPqBZGd5iGRbouh6apZmIUOqNGCSWCbNLC1KUr1mDygszlb/s1600/wow+28+mary+marvel+dress+ad.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXQuxWgN9bM48RnlgYkXNS6M8_nJkqCXLxOJ9RDoH5iBeZM8exl7CG5MyS5F_gqss-6FNu0UztJmVqK2uTgF-kcv046TTflhPqBZGd5iGRbouh6apZmIUOqNGCSWCbNLC1KUr1mDygszlb/s400/wow+28+mary+marvel+dress+ad.JPG" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>From </i>WOW COMICS <i>#28 (August 1944), the first of many ads for <b>Mary Marvel</b> fashions.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZZYZg0Xp9OY42CzWu5rDET94uvlGC0alPobNKZwvs_5NpNq1qlZGjBRejjos-v7f2iSOhFVDx7_svaSBs1B-v4UOg8X0EGmhZKV34cH-pdY2LmkrExN8TESCQqB6QuI0v63zsKXXz9bSD/s1600/mary+marvel+5+back+to+school.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZZYZg0Xp9OY42CzWu5rDET94uvlGC0alPobNKZwvs_5NpNq1qlZGjBRejjos-v7f2iSOhFVDx7_svaSBs1B-v4UOg8X0EGmhZKV34cH-pdY2LmkrExN8TESCQqB6QuI0v63zsKXXz9bSD/s400/mary+marvel+5+back+to+school.JPG" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad from</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#5</i></span><i> <span style="font-size: small;">(September 1946)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJd7fahu7LdsDKqAqkNyFmH0S71eiSJzQwPW2YjksmdH6wjWaCBvEvQoSoPVA9bAtpx3BB_FZhjb7FRbyVRzYgCYp_Lkmyo0w57iBjY6gG5zPD4KA7tfVmpo5jel87nC64iztWu4qVO6vT/s1600/wow+35+ad.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJd7fahu7LdsDKqAqkNyFmH0S71eiSJzQwPW2YjksmdH6wjWaCBvEvQoSoPVA9bAtpx3BB_FZhjb7FRbyVRzYgCYp_Lkmyo0w57iBjY6gG5zPD4KA7tfVmpo5jel87nC64iztWu4qVO6vT/s400/wow+35+ad.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ad from</i> WOW COMICS <i>#35 (April 1945)</i></span></td></tr>
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A Mary Marvel fan club was launched in WOW COMICS #39 (November-December 1939), again using the lead feature as an introduction. At the beginning of the story Mary and her friends -- all of whom seem to be wearing Mary Marvel clothing -- are skipping rope, when they come upon the idea of starting their own club. It's only after they get into trouble with gangsters and help Mary Marvel capture them that they decide the club should be devoted to the World's Mightiest Girl. Most of the last page is an announcement for the club. Oddly, in the comic book, the girls in the Mary Marvel Club -- which includes Mary Batson -- know that Mary Batson and Mary Marvel are one and the same, but agree to keep it a secret.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWWyB3l9Zv3r_vaoMsjV0wVNY1m2w58uoxO3QjQzs1O0PrDwrFvIFk6R_y72dEJdb1ajIYuQpkO3phUI6LCeTkNdlKJiTjQiWGKayza1WV4ogaeBbYa_4dTeL6IT6AH2ydI48FtU4wPUEH/s1600/wow+47+mary+marvel+club+ad.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWWyB3l9Zv3r_vaoMsjV0wVNY1m2w58uoxO3QjQzs1O0PrDwrFvIFk6R_y72dEJdb1ajIYuQpkO3phUI6LCeTkNdlKJiTjQiWGKayza1WV4ogaeBbYa_4dTeL6IT6AH2ydI48FtU4wPUEH/s400/wow+47+mary+marvel+club+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Club ad from</i> WOW COMICS <i>#47 (September 1946)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC4GHLChWPkntek4-tb7Nfz3WsNLKpNOfjL8JY3WxZQVfE2KWNYPTxY4h1IVniGSFNDnbQ-PbATB2UCM8zSO3UmfARam2wijyr7YTtBwgF9Imhy4VVDCM9fhWwJjbqZq7Kuv5AaWO7QbpH/s1600/wow+50+mary+marvel+club+ad.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC4GHLChWPkntek4-tb7Nfz3WsNLKpNOfjL8JY3WxZQVfE2KWNYPTxY4h1IVniGSFNDnbQ-PbATB2UCM8zSO3UmfARam2wijyr7YTtBwgF9Imhy4VVDCM9fhWwJjbqZq7Kuv5AaWO7QbpH/s400/wow+50+mary+marvel+club+ad.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Club ad from</i> WOW COMICS <i>#50 (December 1946)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4BxE2k16TjrNLAl8QnPXzzcxB8JXxYkK96kEX6umaHxyoA2jvAcWVSlFgSIG-vJLngCeQaGrkoF8rW9zC5UO9xodWmd6YoxeEl9P62waidKfLWLNNI4iolNOd2gGoJD9N79GWzcSvuUyq/s1600/wow+54+mary+marvel+club+ad.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="195" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4BxE2k16TjrNLAl8QnPXzzcxB8JXxYkK96kEX6umaHxyoA2jvAcWVSlFgSIG-vJLngCeQaGrkoF8rW9zC5UO9xodWmd6YoxeEl9P62waidKfLWLNNI4iolNOd2gGoJD9N79GWzcSvuUyq/s400/wow+54+mary+marvel+club+ad.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Club ad from</i> WOW COMICS <i>#54 (May 1947)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrXa2OoXDNjYnhsDOJdZw0WHMxpcqmb52_EyMz6NgahZmRDLN-tadE6_4XKNVhfk5tvle0fzam1GwKr3cA1CPpeIm57lr35ugn4Whx1KAD32mJCXAk1Bzxr8C7sY4T_8FU4auxsSK3uGWo/s1600/wow+57+mary+marvel+club+ad.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrXa2OoXDNjYnhsDOJdZw0WHMxpcqmb52_EyMz6NgahZmRDLN-tadE6_4XKNVhfk5tvle0fzam1GwKr3cA1CPpeIm57lr35ugn4Whx1KAD32mJCXAk1Bzxr8C7sY4T_8FU4auxsSK3uGWo/s400/wow+57+mary+marvel+club+ad.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Club ad from</i> WOW COMICS <i>#57 (August 1947)</i></span></td></tr>
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How it could even be a secret in the first place is something the reader just has to accept. No one seems to recognize Mary Batson as Mary Marvel. When danger is nigh, Mary Batson will say her magic word, lightning will flash, thunder will roar, and in an instant she will be transformed into the World's Mightiest Girl, and, even though she looks the exact same except that her dress is now red and she has a little cape, they'll invariable say, "Mary Marvel! Thank heavens you're here!" They rarely even wonder where Mary Batson disappeared to.<br />
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The Mary Marvel Club was "just for girls", and cost 10 cents (in coin or stamps). Members received an official membership card, a Mary Marvel magic lapel pin (one side showed Mary Batson uttering "Shazam!", the other side Mary Marvel), and a regular club letter "with hints on fashions and other subjects of interest". New ads for the club appeared in every issue.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnPPE3SUcKU_OfPqBsSIJi1TGV3uLTmXcxvv-blJL6dnQVWBREfEPggAnrpvDKtZ5Kjo4qteQQoDvQ3epFEuCRQynbKM50bKsZtSQUyyOPtVdwfUcHRwBA3QI3i-q54VVX73dmo5_P6uUE/s1600/mary+marvel+flip+pin+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnPPE3SUcKU_OfPqBsSIJi1TGV3uLTmXcxvv-blJL6dnQVWBREfEPggAnrpvDKtZ5Kjo4qteQQoDvQ3epFEuCRQynbKM50bKsZtSQUyyOPtVdwfUcHRwBA3QI3i-q54VVX73dmo5_P6uUE/s400/mary+marvel+flip+pin+1.jpg" width="323" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The magic lapel pin that came with your <b>Mary Marvel Club</b> membership. When you pull the string...</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUOjuaDo76P9SHwJhGgw1iHfIHbOOs2jkCcjG0lzmfa-3auUPbRAEAtEkobw5MTjdk861AFktfvM9KfyU5-DFqhJVrDH6A19-wYHlOCLh1pTNS8G_o-Ca2AEqXK7qWpxF-92ZX4bw_dmqa/s1600/mary+marvel+flip+pin+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUOjuaDo76P9SHwJhGgw1iHfIHbOOs2jkCcjG0lzmfa-3auUPbRAEAtEkobw5MTjdk861AFktfvM9KfyU5-DFqhJVrDH6A19-wYHlOCLh1pTNS8G_o-Ca2AEqXK7qWpxF-92ZX4bw_dmqa/s400/mary+marvel+flip+pin+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">...it flips over and <b>Mary Batson</b> becomes <b>Mary Marvel</b>!</span></i></td></tr>
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But Mary Batson was a little less girly when she changed to Mary Marvel. In fact, she could be downright brutal! She never slapped anyone, just used her fists like battering rams, walloping guys with uppercuts that sent them flying right out of the panel, and delivering haymakers that sent them crashing through furniture or bowling over their fellow gangsters. In one instance, she punches a thug so hard that five of his teeth come flying out of his mouth. In fact, there's no telling how many times her fist smashed into someone's face. Nary a story went by in which the impetuous girl didn't land a dozen or more punches, and her own magazine had four stories in each issue! There's no doubt about it: when it came to criminals and villains, Mary was merciless.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHaJGpHae8v41TIugHJk9J11gpb9Ho5za6MmY4zpaXBLTUlUnQGwXLMFt-Q7oZwyjj_gT5u71SU4pBfq6_inIzjFmjiX46vkJjkMFyIPVyuhvthnBGJI1y6BFCGWzeQZ_gh52Bl3rBnut3/s1600/wow+9+merry+christmas.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHaJGpHae8v41TIugHJk9J11gpb9Ho5za6MmY4zpaXBLTUlUnQGwXLMFt-Q7oZwyjj_gT5u71SU4pBfq6_inIzjFmjiX46vkJjkMFyIPVyuhvthnBGJI1y6BFCGWzeQZ_gh52Bl3rBnut3/s400/wow+9+merry+christmas.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A Christmas greeting from the <b>World's Mightiest Girl</b>, from</i> WOW COMICS <i>#9 (January 1943).</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsTyYZEKNDAbVUgOe10yRnztveOa53U5evDsN6g8NU0H95j7Oc_P6DKgj7MEK6wetuvimFk5VMXps4Me6M8pi9HVsmBUAshw7HtR6HCAZFazx-SR0kTzZh2VigpKMelaAtTEg78WFKts8j/s1600/wow+33.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsTyYZEKNDAbVUgOe10yRnztveOa53U5evDsN6g8NU0H95j7Oc_P6DKgj7MEK6wetuvimFk5VMXps4Me6M8pi9HVsmBUAshw7HtR6HCAZFazx-SR0kTzZh2VigpKMelaAtTEg78WFKts8j/s400/wow+33.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary punches out half of this creep's teeth; but don't feel sorry for him -- he's not above gunning down a little girl. From</i> WOW COMICS <i>#33 (February 1945).</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii85S9vAU1Kb-sEXCiQ1x1ttsdi2wlLwXZWohzqV4Gl8JI1xPshFiyczynYCq1wapegjS0FHETajCHwwdiolm-y63b_Cw9P_bedF_qqikN0-aqNA3Ef2BdXYMz8-xjUAiCfh0mZaVqEtB2/s1600/mary+marvel+7+blam.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="341" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii85S9vAU1Kb-sEXCiQ1x1ttsdi2wlLwXZWohzqV4Gl8JI1xPshFiyczynYCq1wapegjS0FHETajCHwwdiolm-y63b_Cw9P_bedF_qqikN0-aqNA3Ef2BdXYMz8-xjUAiCfh0mZaVqEtB2/s400/mary+marvel+7+blam.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>from</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#7 (November 1946)</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOlXe5RfcnHUGX-qZpXmMwsXKhyphenhyphenLjt0EGVw0K7EpUxpBJZOqCEnVeToNT-z6cPwYIqd2bedWSAU0MiDdmRxduJi9g5xUeg_9CP4fts7MYsLPWDARA2lDEM0cJDdWXFut72PtzaaKRRfkxf/s1600/mary+marvel+7+sock.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="342" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOlXe5RfcnHUGX-qZpXmMwsXKhyphenhyphenLjt0EGVw0K7EpUxpBJZOqCEnVeToNT-z6cPwYIqd2bedWSAU0MiDdmRxduJi9g5xUeg_9CP4fts7MYsLPWDARA2lDEM0cJDdWXFut72PtzaaKRRfkxf/s400/mary+marvel+7+sock.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>also from</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#7</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-psEyKc3t-0PbJyYiWTAtXeI74fRxem9Kb2GD8KjnOWTwEyD4VvywHlLVLe06xZfyed61iAQWWMzcTpIA5GyeYLTAUgtDST5WcmG7snVSaH4h9WVGslkdFR4jQTBPxtN7MdLeBbCvpqKJ/s1600/marvel+family+50+black+eye.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-psEyKc3t-0PbJyYiWTAtXeI74fRxem9Kb2GD8KjnOWTwEyD4VvywHlLVLe06xZfyed61iAQWWMzcTpIA5GyeYLTAUgtDST5WcmG7snVSaH4h9WVGslkdFR4jQTBPxtN7MdLeBbCvpqKJ/s400/marvel+family+50+black+eye.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary gives this incorrigible criminal a beating...and then he's subjected to a lecture! From</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#50 (August 1950).</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8oqbwc8jTdG7muCL0aXvudYOfd3cN-3nnbvGp9lOWAvsyCWTRJn4tyTboGIbI5jUcP1sOGSoCHqQIdSuuc6XHsPhULQs1cih2BC7j_HNh0Tm_SHyaJji1e3uaopU2Tthv5c3tbvS36MBN/s1600/marvel+family+74+alligator.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8oqbwc8jTdG7muCL0aXvudYOfd3cN-3nnbvGp9lOWAvsyCWTRJn4tyTboGIbI5jUcP1sOGSoCHqQIdSuuc6XHsPhULQs1cih2BC7j_HNh0Tm_SHyaJji1e3uaopU2Tthv5c3tbvS36MBN/s400/marvel+family+74+alligator.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>This is why very few bad guys ever messed with Mary Marvel more than once. From</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#74 (August 1952).</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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It was only fair, though. The bad guys were far more ruthless, and they had no qualms about hurting or killing a young girl like Mary Batson. They slugged her over the head with blackjacks and clubs, pistol-whipped her, shot at her with guns, came at her with knives, swords, meat cleavers, hatchets, axes, and scissors. They tried to burn her, bomb her, crush her, run her over. They threw her out of airplanes tied and gagged.<br />
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Gangsters populate many of Mary Marvel's adventures, especially in the earlier days. There was Porky Snork, Doc Durgo (sometimes spelled "Dargo"), Caesar "Czar" Moxie, Slick Slugg, Crusher Jordan and Spike, Barnacle Bilge and Clamhead, Smooth Felt, Twister Jackson and Slug, Big Mike, Slick Nick, Kid Glove, Captain Kragger and crew, Slippery Slyke and Hugo, Blaster Burke, Barky Bowzer, Brains Fuller, Cutter Snark, Muggy, Gunner Gus, and others.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXGFzdKjeJ4sKcSLsvn5ihg5HsSuu4YrQKcJDKdiii0wbkOdKKZFp1p0W9pEa-UEL0U38Za2qbBmK76HylKj3tiTO0xOtaVNiNSKXQqJgBc0B-dnpR8eadlIZPDP6sCrHjo2SqaY_yUyWG/s1600/mary+marvel+24+nightowl+trap.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXGFzdKjeJ4sKcSLsvn5ihg5HsSuu4YrQKcJDKdiii0wbkOdKKZFp1p0W9pEa-UEL0U38Za2qbBmK76HylKj3tiTO0xOtaVNiNSKXQqJgBc0B-dnpR8eadlIZPDP6sCrHjo2SqaY_yUyWG/s400/mary+marvel+24+nightowl+trap.JPG" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Almost every <b>Mary Marvel</b> story contained a scene in which she was bound and gagged. Here's a typical example of how she always managed to get her gag off in the nick of time, so that she could say "Shazam!" From</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#24 (May 1948).</i></span></td></tr>
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<br />
And, boy, was Mary Marvel tough! In WOW COMICS #23, the vile <b>Dr. Dwarf</b> has one of his robots toss Mary into a furnace, which reaches the incredible temperature of 1,974,230,469,989 degrees Fahrenheit. Even from earth, that small furnace would be hot enough to melt an ice cream cone on Pluto! Mary survives, just barely, smashing her way to freedom.<br />
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But it wasn't all just fun and games! On the cover of WOW COMICS #27 (July 1944), Mary is urging readers to buy war stamps. She had other obligations, too, and in every issue on the contents page she urged her readers to join her in a paper drive. In fact, in issue #27, an announcement by Fawcett on the contents page stated that "due to the paper shortage, we are cutting down on the number of copies of each magazine printed."<br />
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They also cut down on the number of pages, going from 64 to 52, then 36, and even 32! And you still had to pay a dime. The page count went up and down.<br />
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They also cut down on the frequency of issues. The following year, towards the end of the war, WOW COMICS became a bi-monthly magazine, becomes a monthly again with issue #40 (January 1946), and after #41 (February 1946), which gained a new cover logo, the magazine's schedule fluctuates. The cover logo changed yet again with #53 (April 1947), but after #58 (September 1947) it was all over. Mary ended her run in WOW COMICS, though the magazine continued publishing without her until #70, when it became REAL WESTERN HERO.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsIv1IjSAd0pIOpcRNqUGf7nEM3bpvm1wPf1l6lVhdAIxmTsO5U1wHgfcOeVzB0gKuVAWx8YE5ISAPkx3fqe5z52higK3C2VnOl19Fa4Pl12uMLKL3CQlNHyIg5rEvF7xerQXQQ_PMfM2Q/s1600/mary+marvel+14.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsIv1IjSAd0pIOpcRNqUGf7nEM3bpvm1wPf1l6lVhdAIxmTsO5U1wHgfcOeVzB0gKuVAWx8YE5ISAPkx3fqe5z52higK3C2VnOl19Fa4Pl12uMLKL3CQlNHyIg5rEvF7xerQXQQ_PMfM2Q/s400/mary+marvel+14.jpg" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Mary</b>, with <b>Freckles Dudley</b>;</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#14 (July 1947).</i></span></td></tr>
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But it wasn't all bad news: Mary Marvel was still featured in two other magazines. She was at the peak of her popularity in the fall of 1945 when MARY MARVEL COMICS #1 (December 1945) hit the newsstands, and each issue of her new title contained four stories devoted exclusively to her own adventures.<br />
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It should be noted that at the end of the Mary Marvel story in WOW COMICS #11 (March 1943), an announcement read "So...watch out for the new, terrific MARY MARVEL MAGAZINE! The 'Shazam Girl' now has her own comic magazine...on sale at your favorite newsstand February 17th!" That magazine never made it to the stands.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV1m3yE5MOXm-fzQt5M1ftAa0OcaaYYJd5oS5ITGkq5sDe2Pd9no8WUCaP73pNSWifzRmN9TsfRbfiEQvsxU1iqoSU41NZ5kr26ZAyVF3og7NBYa6emufhg8IqZMh6M3U9xPuYpOIKwpEz/s1600/mary+marvel+cma+22.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV1m3yE5MOXm-fzQt5M1ftAa0OcaaYYJd5oS5ITGkq5sDe2Pd9no8WUCaP73pNSWifzRmN9TsfRbfiEQvsxU1iqoSU41NZ5kr26ZAyVF3og7NBYa6emufhg8IqZMh6M3U9xPuYpOIKwpEz/s400/mary+marvel+cma+22.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>An ad from</i> CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES <i>#22 (March 1943) for a <b>Mary Marvel</b> comic of her own that never materialized -- not for another 21 months, anyways.</i></span></td></tr>
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Concurrently with the first issue of MARY MARVEL COMICS, the first of what was to be 89 issues of THE MARVEL FAMILY hit the stands. So, for a while at least, Mary Marvel was starring in three separate comic books, as were Captain Marvel (CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES and WHIZ), and Junior (CAPTAIN MARVEL JR. and MASTER COMICS).<br />
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And then there was the merchandise.<br />
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Captain Marvel may have been outselling that Superman guy, but when it came to merchandise, the Big Red Cheese offered little competition, and Mary Marvel even less. Still, there was Mary Marvel stationery, pins, iron-on patches, tattoo transfers, stamps, a lead figurine, note paper with envelopes, colouring books, toss bag, soap, a glow-in-the-dark picture; but by far the most popular items were the Mary Marvel wrist watch and the Mary Marvel statuette.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg92CUXobqA2bn5xyyDY_42dsDiZSG2fd0V1KyP4bl_E7byyj0HfZ0gTdhN6BvSxGJo8Ffi40J2hQ91Mz3G7h_HlVxdMG-5hDF77emYF5P_1JRg7G0Z3jWBwBaUxPVz0zQ7THsQSe1umyN8/s1600/mary+marvel+note+paper+1946.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg92CUXobqA2bn5xyyDY_42dsDiZSG2fd0V1KyP4bl_E7byyj0HfZ0gTdhN6BvSxGJo8Ffi40J2hQ91Mz3G7h_HlVxdMG-5hDF77emYF5P_1JRg7G0Z3jWBwBaUxPVz0zQ7THsQSe1umyN8/s400/mary+marvel+note+paper+1946.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Marvel</b> stationery kit, contains 18 white envelopes and 18 sheets of paper, 7" x 8.5", 1946</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhptYBu5i112qYfuPk5UAprwRvpKS054R6UPVfBStCmW7Pjw8b8eI3KeWfMky9f4P_7eJtQ1CWQGBKfkL8TdzUR0nwVPDjGP_05VD1KJdJleU7Oi1cx_A9WrHF7oJVqf2fpQJ6Y7aYh8LHZ/s1600/statuettes+box+with+mary+marvel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhptYBu5i112qYfuPk5UAprwRvpKS054R6UPVfBStCmW7Pjw8b8eI3KeWfMky9f4P_7eJtQ1CWQGBKfkL8TdzUR0nwVPDjGP_05VD1KJdJleU7Oi1cx_A9WrHF7oJVqf2fpQJ6Y7aYh8LHZ/s320/statuettes+box+with+mary+marvel.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Marvel Family</b> statuettes box, 1946</span></i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaalBW34HQWMJGYCxBF-pMPbr01HroBNh9R_KqaqyVAU-N2BMmcdlJGkD8hOVySD3iOYkgGGAVxrSzUNOUesJ2dvsFR_Pic6TTNKXpeoL5pfjy46RIeV9X2Yr1XFwHBDyxGU4H_o2ljQ-0/s1600/statuettes+box+side.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaalBW34HQWMJGYCxBF-pMPbr01HroBNh9R_KqaqyVAU-N2BMmcdlJGkD8hOVySD3iOYkgGGAVxrSzUNOUesJ2dvsFR_Pic6TTNKXpeoL5pfjy46RIeV9X2Yr1XFwHBDyxGU4H_o2ljQ-0/s400/statuettes+box+side.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">statuettes box, side view</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6xgTcdPaU12ozXr4br6dVShdaDTNn21BU_CPfMI5B3NLH29bl8gDga-P3lei6y3ucQLGTcf3JpW_04WS5YI0zOhWHNdNVA0LJTD7RmMbJVfxqQa_Ly-o-_FsgLNblvB_j-uRgtv2MgEan/s1600/mary+marvel+statuette+1+1946.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6xgTcdPaU12ozXr4br6dVShdaDTNn21BU_CPfMI5B3NLH29bl8gDga-P3lei6y3ucQLGTcf3JpW_04WS5YI0zOhWHNdNVA0LJTD7RmMbJVfxqQa_Ly-o-_FsgLNblvB_j-uRgtv2MgEan/s400/mary+marvel+statuette+1+1946.jpg" width="157" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Marvel</b> 6-inch statuette, from the R. W. Kerr Co., 1946</span></i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyAxOIhNT7I1u0U2OK9P6rA9TpPcqfvLHN9rYZXOPpK_WiWz3E6WlkaXO_ZT6r2eD66y-lDLVOOO2iezKmcHBUGSjE9ikwhK191VLMx0ygwr0mGo0-bJcZ2ICHoy9U5iD23vkmSNKsTnOE/s1600/die+cut+pin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyAxOIhNT7I1u0U2OK9P6rA9TpPcqfvLHN9rYZXOPpK_WiWz3E6WlkaXO_ZT6r2eD66y-lDLVOOO2iezKmcHBUGSjE9ikwhK191VLMx0ygwr0mGo0-bJcZ2ICHoy9U5iD23vkmSNKsTnOE/s400/die+cut+pin.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">die-cut fibreboard pin, 2.75" long, 1940s</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWO7vislIJxkQGJfhegCl7puDDZsUNeeI-ZJyLD-KEgBlxZMF8jdQz7P_UDQUSdCktBax_trhjUs6JJMQFKhElRu54E0CPu3WmjZfcg5Mcefpm-y13jo5cIa1AHX0lxxomfP4vVKKcuGYC/s1600/flying+toy+1945a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWO7vislIJxkQGJfhegCl7puDDZsUNeeI-ZJyLD-KEgBlxZMF8jdQz7P_UDQUSdCktBax_trhjUs6JJMQFKhElRu54E0CPu3WmjZfcg5Mcefpm-y13jo5cIa1AHX0lxxomfP4vVKKcuGYC/s400/flying+toy+1945a.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Marvel Family</b> flying toys, 1945</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPAKQr6E4jpBXpBGlqtadaymJaBYLvSaBkAfVzpRCgn4aAmBIzHNasW7P-U9wmkyr2mynn33ILJfoVTBxsxBDmCYN6XlHICuZYYoW0wT7u8_E5mCsHfP-PLO47zWC19FXs5hqcIsjl4QW5/s1600/mary+marvel+flyer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPAKQr6E4jpBXpBGlqtadaymJaBYLvSaBkAfVzpRCgn4aAmBIzHNasW7P-U9wmkyr2mynn33ILJfoVTBxsxBDmCYN6XlHICuZYYoW0wT7u8_E5mCsHfP-PLO47zWC19FXs5hqcIsjl4QW5/s1600/mary+marvel+flyer.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Marvel</b> flyer, 1945</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQdh8Hc0mKSRNWhFHas_OeOWMFtAK59UjVQH9y9MMfE-inGZns2uI-X8NdYIjHsXDr_BJn3lZ2DvVKxROzSbDeCrsu-latFSYoqsztn7LMmh6-gU6zu_sDpu7FqvAa8YBbn45cZve-oPYi/s1600/mary+marvel+tattoo+1940s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQdh8Hc0mKSRNWhFHas_OeOWMFtAK59UjVQH9y9MMfE-inGZns2uI-X8NdYIjHsXDr_BJn3lZ2DvVKxROzSbDeCrsu-latFSYoqsztn7LMmh6-gU6zu_sDpu7FqvAa8YBbn45cZve-oPYi/s400/mary+marvel+tattoo+1940s.jpg" width="212" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">sheet from the 2nd set of tattoo transfers, 1940s</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR5cI0xLML_hgJhqhtiFu5X4PrC9sQC_I3RwKWLcE3Th-pEboHcvsMyamCXgn5421KaINcElzaTK3pcyEtPmzDVLI5GvvZq0AwUjh5T75nvHIKPgsITcgCsEP2UejUtrkg9CzOj3rF6qB1/s1600/mm+toss+bag+1940s.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR5cI0xLML_hgJhqhtiFu5X4PrC9sQC_I3RwKWLcE3Th-pEboHcvsMyamCXgn5421KaINcElzaTK3pcyEtPmzDVLI5GvvZq0AwUjh5T75nvHIKPgsITcgCsEP2UejUtrkg9CzOj3rF6qB1/s400/mm+toss+bag+1940s.JPG" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mary Marvel toss bag, 1940s</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhFAAejwpiqlX0UWzNa4TJsMMWU2C632AxG79tpwDDC6lud4OFgzCjFqbBBZid3INGaJkie5pSo26efxzkWRf_nYCaejhZRzgauXBv_CKvvMTt_0GFBcs-wjqVtMpApHucjKwrzKqCH3Xy/s1600/mary+marvel+soap+box+1947.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="735" data-original-width="1400" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhFAAejwpiqlX0UWzNa4TJsMMWU2C632AxG79tpwDDC6lud4OFgzCjFqbBBZid3INGaJkie5pSo26efxzkWRf_nYCaejhZRzgauXBv_CKvvMTt_0GFBcs-wjqVtMpApHucjKwrzKqCH3Xy/s400/mary+marvel+soap+box+1947.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Above and below: Mary Marvel soap, 1947. One bar is missing from the box, which proves the old proverb, "You can't have your cake and eat it."</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkwq5-kp2-lLODMxeLPKUj1obHDvuzib5jjURZRqW3RUhLa33f7aW1sBlyNIze-CF1MSmQXlG7JfDcIcd_AEiCkEx9C35cfXibjzW0GtHOuKlWiVVVzMlyYLTjWoefs1GMqAdHM1CFTcGc/s1600/mary+marvel+soap+1947.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="733" data-original-width="1400" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkwq5-kp2-lLODMxeLPKUj1obHDvuzib5jjURZRqW3RUhLa33f7aW1sBlyNIze-CF1MSmQXlG7JfDcIcd_AEiCkEx9C35cfXibjzW0GtHOuKlWiVVVzMlyYLTjWoefs1GMqAdHM1CFTcGc/s400/mary+marvel+soap+1947.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEMoWHpHfS21S8iScyXTEfWphmcGJU8bDyX_NU73QlT1MJtz6ESjwIg5VqsqH-LNqK15FGF0Aew3YO7nxUfOXGckSyV6qqC5cAhQscosF84kK4oEPbkXtpTCkn-WrqV4pPuZauvXZksM8h/s1600/mary+marvel+wristwatch+with+price+tag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEMoWHpHfS21S8iScyXTEfWphmcGJU8bDyX_NU73QlT1MJtz6ESjwIg5VqsqH-LNqK15FGF0Aew3YO7nxUfOXGckSyV6qqC5cAhQscosF84kK4oEPbkXtpTCkn-WrqV4pPuZauvXZksM8h/s400/mary+marvel+wristwatch+with+price+tag.jpg" width="361" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Marvel</b> wrist watch, with price tag, 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF8VEV9Ur1xD0Drks2aJmn-jPrQssnxwOIuNTEKu35Csm1d3pRXy9qIj7fkKRF6N42Zus2I1GberIEjOU-MeCAT-SzhYCfiDqdOGVgLoWmIHsIkatqaKvBUZqC30ivsD8gMKz-FVXgt8Bh/s1600/mary+marvel+wrist+watch+detail+1948.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF8VEV9Ur1xD0Drks2aJmn-jPrQssnxwOIuNTEKu35Csm1d3pRXy9qIj7fkKRF6N42Zus2I1GberIEjOU-MeCAT-SzhYCfiDqdOGVgLoWmIHsIkatqaKvBUZqC30ivsD8gMKz-FVXgt8Bh/s400/mary+marvel+wrist+watch+detail+1948.jpg" width="338" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Mary Marvel</b> wrist watch; 1" diameter; luminous dial; chrome metal with vinyl-covered leather band (came in green, blue, red or brown), 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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It could very well have been Mary Marvel's popularity that attracted her greatest enemy: <b>Georgia Sivana</b>!<br />
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Perhaps the greatest -- if silliest -- villain in comic book history was Dr. Sivana, "the world's maddest scientist", who also made his debut in the first issue of WHIZ COMICS, and became the archenemy of Captain Marvel. His son, <b>Sivana Jr.</b>, (who first appeared in CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #52) became the archenemy of Captain Marvel Jr. A month later, in MARY MARVEL COMICS #1, Georgia Sivana reared her ugly head.<br />
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Like her father and brother, Georgia Sivana was a scientific genius, with the same laugh ("Heh, heh, heh!"). Sivana's laugh sometimes gets a little weird ("Oh heh and heh, also hehhhh!"). And when the three of them work together, as they often did in THE MARVEL FAMILY, Sivana would titter "Heh, heh, heh!", followed by Sivana Jr. with "Heh, heh!" and Georgia with a simple "Heh!" The Sivanas are amongst the few people that know the secret identities of the Marvels.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUiH9gGzT3VB9wmZo-C4ToL5SkSBi6_F1LhI9BgLuHqny3AJNX1glTkgPijDTDKCL5XFh0RqOb5v4991tkFSZdRoRTy069OjKohym-BkESl6r4gzt46eZwZ1HBf50H0muyJ2HNaob1bi95/s1600/mary+marvel+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUiH9gGzT3VB9wmZo-C4ToL5SkSBi6_F1LhI9BgLuHqny3AJNX1glTkgPijDTDKCL5XFh0RqOb5v4991tkFSZdRoRTy069OjKohym-BkESl6r4gzt46eZwZ1HBf50H0muyJ2HNaob1bi95/s400/mary+marvel+1.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">MARY MARVEL <i>#1 (December 1945)</i></span></td></tr>
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Mary meets Dr. Sivana for the first time in MARY MARVEL COMICS #1, and he makes her his floor-scrubbing slave after neutralizing her powers with a scientific apparatus of his own design. She uses her wits to free herself and punches Sivana so hard he flies into the machine, smashing it to bits. "Tell me, Sivana. Could Captain Marvel or Captain Marvel Jr. do it any better than this?" He begs on his hands and knees not to be struck again.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi54o8PMXQ-G1v33emDu6OOW8pIi-GQVkDpsVrBFdEq0qDsh5OqERqhOoP2Izl0D45-UF6ynlmSFiW7z7yDZbXeC8BxbsRmYSn4NyraOI_Tq_pamrmvB5D9WifP7TWC583MMzaUsTMqfqpA/s1600/mary+marvel+23+georgia+sivana.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi54o8PMXQ-G1v33emDu6OOW8pIi-GQVkDpsVrBFdEq0qDsh5OqERqhOoP2Izl0D45-UF6ynlmSFiW7z7yDZbXeC8BxbsRmYSn4NyraOI_Tq_pamrmvB5D9WifP7TWC583MMzaUsTMqfqpA/s400/mary+marvel+23+georgia+sivana.JPG" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The lovely <b>Georgia Sivana</b>, from</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#23 (April 1948).</i></span></td></tr>
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In the second tale of the same issue, Mary meets Georgia Sivana. Mary is triumphant in the end, of course, and sends Georgia to a girls' reformatory school. Ultimately, it doesn't matter; Georgia always pretends to be reformed so she can be released -- and Mary Marvel always buys it! But then Georgia's true intentions -- to rule the world as <i>Princess of the Earth</i>, along with her father and brother -- become apparent, and Mary sends her back to reform school, in what seems to be a never-ending cycle.<br />
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But Georgia is just as formidable a foe as her father -- and just as psychotic. In THE MARVEL FAMILY #23, she gleefully shoots a newspaper publisher point-blank in the head, blowing out his brains for refusing to sign his paper over to the Sivana family. She was just as ugly on the inside as she was on the outside. Frankly, she looked liked a gargoyle. Could she have been just a wee bit jealous of pretty Mary Marvel?<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7mSvU7c5X6_Obkb17Wso_Ly_cwL3CjnPEOngmT4S9zTrcjV4xb7pNNRx5Ev8PYt8nPMz191Vk6eMciIlIxWMIt9Ntww90lfkkzTnyzxKpOV9QYAkqOzSisW3hb_kKejeE0lgwunByfKdp/s1600/mary+marvel+5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7mSvU7c5X6_Obkb17Wso_Ly_cwL3CjnPEOngmT4S9zTrcjV4xb7pNNRx5Ev8PYt8nPMz191Vk6eMciIlIxWMIt9Ntww90lfkkzTnyzxKpOV9QYAkqOzSisW3hb_kKejeE0lgwunByfKdp/s400/mary+marvel+5.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Classic Jack Binder cover, for</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#5 (September 1946)</i></span>.</td></tr>
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The 3rd issue of MARY MARVEL dropped the word "comics" from the title and sported a new logo. With four Mary Marvel stories in her new title, Freckles Dudley was able to appear more often, and she had no trouble getting into trouble.<br />
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There were crossovers: <b>Bulletman</b>'s sidekick, <b>Bulletgirl</b> (from MASTER COMICS), who somehow knows Mary's secret identity, and Mr. Scarlet's sidekick, Pinky (from WOW COMICS). Mary even battled <b>Dr. Riddle</b> and the <b>Weeper</b>, old enemies of Bulletman and Bulletgirl, though the Weeper she encountered was actually the son of the original Weeper. Billy Batson had a cameo in issue #5. Mary Batson/Marvel made a few crossovers of her own, appearing in CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #37, 43, 65 and 69.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivo3lPT8dWNDwotP8RCKKjdkmp8ipF5ZyhIKRE-__EffVxofGUkcH2-KcZxGvZ0C9np5nqJnearTmW0ptKreTKsymcwaDkL7123FCykG0XWLGWcbl6usg_MAXxbAZkISZJYLlrOvhgF5m-/s1600/mary+marvel+8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivo3lPT8dWNDwotP8RCKKjdkmp8ipF5ZyhIKRE-__EffVxofGUkcH2-KcZxGvZ0C9np5nqJnearTmW0ptKreTKsymcwaDkL7123FCykG0XWLGWcbl6usg_MAXxbAZkISZJYLlrOvhgF5m-/s400/mary+marvel+8.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Wonderful Christmas cover for</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#8 (December 1946).</i></span></td></tr>
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In CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #43 (February 1945), Mary Batson (wearing one of her $2.98 dresses) introduces Billy to Uncle Dudley after telling him his secret: "He's really a fraud, but he's so good-hearted and lovable that I've never exposed him! I pretend to believe him!" Billy agrees to keep his secret. Later, Captain Marvel and Uncle Dudley embark on their first adventure together.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVZlmafxri68OrzmcTEOxbNsKtYSlQ1wBXHgLwRcPeAtLL7QmMcqN34ZroY_1-atZV-tVaS9ymV9q3635VHN9i0VZwJ5oK-B4Jgi1L5V82D9JBA-L6pzv8Ciu3057vGf7aYu12mnJfQjO8/s1600/mary+marvel+24.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVZlmafxri68OrzmcTEOxbNsKtYSlQ1wBXHgLwRcPeAtLL7QmMcqN34ZroY_1-atZV-tVaS9ymV9q3635VHN9i0VZwJ5oK-B4Jgi1L5V82D9JBA-L6pzv8Ciu3057vGf7aYu12mnJfQjO8/s400/mary+marvel+24.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">MARY MARVEL <i>#24 (May 1948)</i></span></td></tr>
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In MARY MARVEL #24 (May 1948), she meets a promising new villain, the <b>Nightowl</b>, who has a ray gun that nullifies light, in an intriguing two-part story, but this particular villain never darkened Mary Marvel's doorstep again -- possibly because at the end of the story she beat his face in so badly, he ended up in the hospital entirely covered in bandages!<br />
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A bird of a different feather shows up in MARY MARVEL #28 (September 1948): <b>The Hen</b>, a cackling, murderous old spinster who leads a gang of criminals, who tremble before her. They knew the pecking order. As with the Nightowl, the Hen resembles the animal for which she's named. The two-part story ends with the Hen disappearing under the paddle wheel of a boat, presumably drowned. She returned in "The Crime Bubbles" in THE MARVEL FAMILY #34 (April 1949), in which she approaches Georgia Sivana about teaming up to get rid of Mary Marvel. "Any enemy of Mary Marvel is a friend of mine!" says Georgia.<br />
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Woefully, this was the last issue of MARY MARVEL. Now she was left with only one magazine that carried her adventures, THE MARVEL FAMILY.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAHfA1km58Ym5vuS6HUd14WSgfxUcy_9w3camyLRNRuI5uzTuSenECFvNUVB__a4Ud9mRG_Q46DEjFvowhh32WFfkbQ8RCfl0XJXPuboDn-vRg96EJeypsAHjRxDN0cnfK94Qi6WduO0HJ/s1600/marvel+family+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAHfA1km58Ym5vuS6HUd14WSgfxUcy_9w3camyLRNRuI5uzTuSenECFvNUVB__a4Ud9mRG_Q46DEjFvowhh32WFfkbQ8RCfl0XJXPuboDn-vRg96EJeypsAHjRxDN0cnfK94Qi6WduO0HJ/s400/marvel+family+1.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">MARVEL FAMILY COMICS <i>#1 (December 1945).</i></span></td></tr>
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The lead story in each issue of THE MARVEL FAMILY featured Captain Marvel, Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. in an adventure as a team, with separate stories for each character filling out the rest of the book. Later, the solo adventures were dropped, and the lead feature expanded to three chapters, though occasionally they would return to the original format. The artwork on the lead feature was supplied by Pete Costanza and C. C. Beck in the earlier issues, and Kurt Schaffenberger in the later issues. Jack Binder usually handled the Mary Marvel solo stories.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Mary Marvel</b> dominates this cover for</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#21 (March 1948).</i></span></td></tr>
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With three Marvels sharing an adventure, the dangers were tripled. Now, instead of just one asteroid hurtling towards the earth, there would be three. And every time the kids were clubbed from behind so that they could be tied up and gagged, the club had to strike all three at once. And, of course, the Marvels had three Sivanas to deal with. <br />
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If their solo adventures seemed a bit silly, the MARVEL FAMILY yarns were completely preposterous! Physics, geology, biology -- every scientific principal went out the window. But the stories, as always, are told in such a simple, clear manner, that occasionally Dr. Sivana will point to a chart on the wall and spell out his fantastic schemes.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#34 (April 1949)</i></span></td></tr>
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THE MARVEL FAMILY #1 (December 1945) introduced <b>Black Adam</b>, a villain as mighty as Captain Marvel. In ancient times, Shazam had bestowed his powers to one whom he thought would be worthy, a fellow Egyptian named Teth-Adam, that he might be a champion in the never-ending battle against evil. "Mighty Adam", he was called, and his costume was identical to Captain Marvel's, except black.<br />
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As is often the case, with great power comes great megalomania, and Mighty Adam's first order of business was to snap the pharaoh's neck like a twig and start planning world domination. Shazam rechristens him "Black Adam" for this outrage, and banishes him to the edge of the universe. It takes Black Adam 5,000 years to return.<br />
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And good ol' Mary Marvel: without a word, the moment she first lays eyes on Black Adam, she punches him in the face! Now that's how you get things done.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDl3hm8etelpLslvsSKkjp4751yf_y6SRLlCofz-gSJD3HAO-xuA8VZqKV0zpdgqKdRrhVr0-arKM0sIsQDg6FsEVoJQiGwPKE7g9V29DNcND8ad7hJOrTsXJrHzqJjhWQr87oiwWIAHVz/s1600/marvel+family+1+mary+black+adam.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDl3hm8etelpLslvsSKkjp4751yf_y6SRLlCofz-gSJD3HAO-xuA8VZqKV0zpdgqKdRrhVr0-arKM0sIsQDg6FsEVoJQiGwPKE7g9V29DNcND8ad7hJOrTsXJrHzqJjhWQr87oiwWIAHVz/s400/marvel+family+1+mary+black+adam.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Mary</b>, who's known <b>Black Adam</b> for only a few seconds, gets right to the point, as usual; from</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#1 (December 1945).</i></span></td></tr>
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Black Adam is eventually defeated -- by Uncle Marvel, no less, who'd tricked him into saying "Shazam!" so that he'd return to his mortal form. Being 5,000 years old, he withers away to dust.<br />
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Perhaps due to the paper shortage, the 2nd issues of both MARY MARVEL and THE MARVEL FAMILY weren't published until six months later, bearing June 1946 cover dates.<br />
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Shazam plays a larger role in THE MARVEL FAMILY. He -- or perhaps his spectre -- resides in a castle upon the <b>Rock of Eternity</b>, far away in space, where the lore of all ages, all the knowledge and wisdom of the universe, is stored in books and scrolls, and from there the old wizard hurls the lightning bolts that transform Billy, Mary and Freddy into the Marvels. The Rock, which resembles a giant stalagmite, also binds the universe together -- destroy the Rock, and you destroy the universe. The Marvels travel there when necessary, and need only whip around the Rock at a certain point to travel forwards or backwards in time.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>The Rock of Eternity</b>;</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#58 (April 1951).</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Dr. Sivana</b>, genius/homicidal maniac, is up to no good again on this cover for </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">THE MARVEL</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FAMILY</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #46 (April 1950). With his fantastic inventions, he could be the richest man in the world. Instead he always gets a punch in the face and a jail cell at the end of every story he appears in.</span></i></td></tr>
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Speaking of backwards in time, the 13-page "Mystery of the Living Statuettes", the lead feature in MARVEL FAMILY #51 (September 1950), was almost certainly a previously unpublished Mary Marvel story from either her own title or WOW COMICS, one in which Captain Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. crossed over.<br />
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Fawcett had actually unleashed a third Marvel title, HOPPY THE MARVEL BUNNY #1 (December 1945), the same month that MARY MARVEL COMICS and THE MARVEL FAMILY debuted. <b>Hoppy</b>, who made his debut as the lead feature in FUNNY ANIMALS #1 (December 1942) and lived in <b>Animalville</b>, teamed up with Mary Marvel for "The Asteroid Adventure" in THE MARVEL FAMILY #28 (October 1948).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii3bRCommQ4Njlm22npk4L_axCyIrurRmkpTgGsRN1dNHbcRvyivzRBWBhyunEzyNLBV_qLgaRiqL-d0kLGBbaOIFXkb1PKOImXIKu5GcQQ_5X4POgPztHhArqomQwE7x_4_L6Pn4fRUzM/s1600/marvel+family+67+king+kull.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii3bRCommQ4Njlm22npk4L_axCyIrurRmkpTgGsRN1dNHbcRvyivzRBWBhyunEzyNLBV_qLgaRiqL-d0kLGBbaOIFXkb1PKOImXIKu5GcQQ_5X4POgPztHhArqomQwE7x_4_L6Pn4fRUzM/s400/marvel+family+67+king+kull.JPG" width="321" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>King Kull, from</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#67 (January 1952).</i></span></td></tr>
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Things got a little more serious in THE MARVEL FAMILY #67 (January 1952) when <b>King Kull</b> rose up once more from the bowels of the earth to destroy mankind. 30,000 years earlier he'd belonged to a different branch in the human tree of evolution, barbarians with great scientific knowledge. But, despite their advanced weaponry, they were wiped out by cavemen, and Kull, the last of his kind, hid in a bunker far below the earth's surface, putting himself in a state of suspended animation, vowing to return when mankind was an advanced civilization -- so that his victory would be all the sweeter!<br />
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There was no doubt that King Kull was as evil as they came. A shaggy black beard sprouted from his primitive face, a vicious grin revealed fangs next to his incisors, his brow topped with a horned helmet, on which perched a small skull. A wide belt held a loincloth in place, and, though he was no match physically for any of the Marvels, his hirsute bulk could withstand a lot of punishment. He would be defeated time and again, but in the end he always managed to escape to his underground lair.<br />
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King Kull made his first appearance in CAPTAIN MARVEL ADVENTURES #125 (October 1951). Writer Otto Binder, who had been a contributor to pulp magazines since 1930, was no doubt already familiar with Robert E. Howard's barbarian character named <b>Kull</b>, king of <b>Valusia</b>, who appeared in the magazine, WEIRD TALES.<br />
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Mary Batson wore her multi-coloured Mary Marvel gingham dress in the first issue of THE MARVEL FAMILY, and the fashion ads continued running for some time.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>This vampire bat is about to mess up <b>Mary</b>'s new hairdo.</i> THE MARVEL FAMILY <i>#71 (May 1952) introduced a new costume for <b>Mary Marvel</b>, designed by Kurt Schaffenberger. C.C. Beck restored the sleeves in the next issue.</i></span></td></tr>
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It seems Shazam was something of a tailor himself. Mary Marvel must have been surprised when she uttered the magic word and found herself wearing a new costume in THE MARVEL FAMILY #71 (May 1952). Her new sleeveless dress had a shorter skirt and lower neckline, with yellow slippers instead of boots. And, keeping up with the times, she also had shorter hair, though its more than likely that she went to a salon for her new do. Shazam had to sew the sleeves back on for the next issue.<br />
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It's unknown what ever became of Mrs. Bromfield, Mary's stepmother. She'd vanished long ago. Billy Batson lived with <b>Ma</b> and <b>Pa Potter</b>, but so, inexplicably, did Mary Batson towards the end of the MARVEL FAMILY's run. In the end, through some unfortunate circumstances, Ma and Pa Potter were unable to care for the twins, and they had to leave. Fortunately, they were welcomed at the boarding house where Freddy Freeman lived, under the care of <b>Mrs. Wagner</b>.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8MaFaI5-n578Nn6RajutFNsstolOVWNRqwYWdcKLTSzp0VVxjlfhhxAopTdnrdk5-XBBNNv1-A-aNyCSX58X7CxvNLvsl57kJ6ujiQJElNkrxq1XsrDLQUWI3ETRtFfE0HYAasIAIYhHQ/s1600/Mary+Marvel+16+boom.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8MaFaI5-n578Nn6RajutFNsstolOVWNRqwYWdcKLTSzp0VVxjlfhhxAopTdnrdk5-XBBNNv1-A-aNyCSX58X7CxvNLvsl57kJ6ujiQJElNkrxq1XsrDLQUWI3ETRtFfE0HYAasIAIYhHQ/s400/Mary+Marvel+16+boom.JPG" width="251" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>From</i> MARY MARVEL <i>#16 (September 1947).</i></span></td></tr>
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But it wasn't just their home that came crashing down around them, it was their entire existence. For a number of reasons -- television and a comic book witch-hunt among them -- Fawcett's line of comics were in great decline, and there was a three-month gap between THE MARVEL FAMILY #88 (October 1953) and the last issue, #89 (January 1954).<br />
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The final nail in the coffin was when DC won an appeal in their lawsuit against Fawcett. Rather than go to trial trying to preserve a line of comics that they were probably going to discontinue anyway, Fawcett settled out of court, paying $400,000 in damages and agreeing never to publish Captain Marvel again. If only they'd been more like the World's Mightiest Girl. <i>She</i> wouldn't have gone down without a fight.<br />
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And so ends the saga of Fawcett's <b>Mary Marvel</b>!<br />
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<br />Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-73258304370105909502013-07-24T01:29:00.002-04:002021-09-23T21:18:47.988-04:00Little Annie Rooney<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney</b>; original water colour art by Darrell McClure, 1942</span></i>. <i><span style="font-size: small;">The King Features artists got together and presented a birthday book to William Randolph Hearst</span></i></td></tr>
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When Harold Gray's LITTLE ORPHAN ANNIE debuted August 5, 1924 it quickly became one of the most popular comic strips of its day, with Cupples & Leon reprinting Annie's adventures in book form, beginning in 1926. An avalanche of merchandise followed.<br />
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With that amount of success, an imitator was sure to arise. Hither came LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY, distributed by William Randolph Hearst's King Features Syndicate. Despite being busy overlooking his publishing empire, Hearst found time to be involved with his comic strips, and no doubt it was his idea to compete with Gray's spunky little redhead.<br />
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The strip was assigned to Ed Verdier, who signed his name "Verd". He wasn't known for any other comic strips. Born March 27, 1897, Verdier, like many other creative children of his day, sent drawings to the popular children's magazine, ST NICHOLAS, hoping to see his work in the "St Nicholas League" section, which showcased the talents of young writers, poets and artists. Unfortunately, from 1910 to 1912 his submissions were relegated to the "Roll of Honor", which contained lists of names for "those whose work entitles them to encouragement", or "whose work would have been used had space permitted". The adult Verdier proved to be a competent cartoonist, and LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY debuted January 10, 1927.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggR45n3t6gJWxCzaFObaylPSHsLA85OzSo5bZ_vvs30Zre1D010IBnzKsaz8sSMF1RhFr6nvDr2Z9n_FpstgaB5owfGHXdZ4dvu75fCbgj8HwFOY1RdHOUuYpjIYV_KaO4v3SoDOQqJSFv/s1600/ed+verdier+1928.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggR45n3t6gJWxCzaFObaylPSHsLA85OzSo5bZ_vvs30Zre1D010IBnzKsaz8sSMF1RhFr6nvDr2Z9n_FpstgaB5owfGHXdZ4dvu75fCbgj8HwFOY1RdHOUuYpjIYV_KaO4v3SoDOQqJSFv/s400/ed+verdier+1928.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Meet the staff of Hearst newspapers: from a promotional book, 1928</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5rZdkwSOf0G6doZC2RyenpiRoifiBD7jj0pw2FapB8VAZ38tNeJg8ckS4OMC68HmFi42RntXiizzzqMx0HV4O7mYT3g6DZU3CT_4c4rzroBuBKZoLjnqU_cUpscNZvkUntAgIy0_FhxbQ/s1600/annie+rooney+june+15,+1928.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="95" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5rZdkwSOf0G6doZC2RyenpiRoifiBD7jj0pw2FapB8VAZ38tNeJg8ckS4OMC68HmFi42RntXiizzzqMx0HV4O7mYT3g6DZU3CT_4c4rzroBuBKZoLjnqU_cUpscNZvkUntAgIy0_FhxbQ/s400/annie+rooney+june+15,+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>June 15, 1928</i></span></td></tr>
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Verdier's little waif was named after a popular 19th century song, "Little Annie Rooney", though the connection ends there. Just as Orphan Annie had Sandy for a companion, Annie Rooney had a dog of her own, named Zero, although he wasn't introduced until 1930. Orphan Annie's exclamation, <i>"Leapin' Lizards!"</i> was matched by Annie Rooney's <i>"Gloryoski!"</i> But the similarities between the two Annie characters were superficial -- at least during Verdier's tenure on the strip, which wasn't long. Besides, you could tell them apart by their hair: Annie Rooney had a fashionable bob, and Orphan Annie had a tangled mess.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtAnP_mG3Hs82KQib3Eayoq6dE-UkHjnoVfPoVAUnSKBn9uZdUGcEKnleM0_7wxGyF9slevJkvHnWjtXT9Kb3zPDvko3yGW-FPU9d4k8Qncq1DrJOlGXcNBU3IvaacS12SRIQvG8yBYCDR/s1600/annie+rooney+pin.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="396" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtAnP_mG3Hs82KQib3Eayoq6dE-UkHjnoVfPoVAUnSKBn9uZdUGcEKnleM0_7wxGyF9slevJkvHnWjtXT9Kb3zPDvko3yGW-FPU9d4k8Qncq1DrJOlGXcNBU3IvaacS12SRIQvG8yBYCDR/s400/annie+rooney+pin.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Little Orphan Annie's world became increasingly grim and violent, as her adventures took her from the more whimsical haunted houses and circuses right into the Great Depression, where she became a mouthpiece for Harold Gray's conservative politics. She was often destitute and homeless, drifting from one hick town to another, finding a home only to lose it again. Not one to accept charity, she rolled up her sleeves and supported herself through hard work, ingenuity and determination, and by charming the folks around her with her good deeds. She was also streetwise and pugnacious, defending herself or protecting the weak by punching bullies in the face.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKDksKlzQJIqPVazuqnebcMql20yolUVqYW6Blfph6i_1kU-DILPu2_xn8yVLsDQPwcNa7iEoRTFscGS9Aj2OM2yI5-T_xVpjVbix5w9XO871bqcUdcx4O_kYanFFI97pO0iDAmdcMT24l/s1600/king+features+moving+notice+1928.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKDksKlzQJIqPVazuqnebcMql20yolUVqYW6Blfph6i_1kU-DILPu2_xn8yVLsDQPwcNa7iEoRTFscGS9Aj2OM2yI5-T_xVpjVbix5w9XO871bqcUdcx4O_kYanFFI97pO0iDAmdcMT24l/s1600/king+features+moving+notice+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">This 4" x 9" King Features card bore a number of characters from their cartoon stable. <b>Little</b> <b>Annie Rooney</b> is sitting on the corner of the building at left. Ed Verdier's mischievous waif had only been around for a year and a half, but was already important enough to depict on this card. Among others seen are <b>Tillie the</b> <b>Toiler</b>; <b>Toots</b> (Toots and Casper); <b>Maggie </b>and<b> Jiggs</b> (Bringing Up Father); <b>Barney Google</b>; <b>Felix</b> <b>the Cat</b>; <b>Maw</b> and <b>Paw Perkins</b> ( Polly and Her Pals); <b>der Captain</b>, <b>Hans</b> and <b>Fritz</b> (from the Katzenjammer Kids); and <b>Krazy Kat</b>.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">March 11, 1929</span></i></td></tr>
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Likewise, Annie Rooney's world was filled with villains and hardships and disappointments as she escaped from orphanages and roamed from town to town. Sometimes she would find a happy home, only to have it taken from her through the capriciousness of fate. She suffered the pangs of hunger and the terror of sleeping in the woods at night, Zero her only comfort through hard times.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5KItn08Qi6Ju2nCmZOus2TV9nVPRGjFH3BmQTKsFawWIu2FwACpLomkSUHUkeZJ01J1rYsW8hDW0iN_oXn9ZycLSkLzDl98VwzlNb8MEAtfoNyvVXRwaJe6llqEKS1vFPVxJMxfRk2nTJ/s1600/annie+rooney+march+9,+1929.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5KItn08Qi6Ju2nCmZOus2TV9nVPRGjFH3BmQTKsFawWIu2FwACpLomkSUHUkeZJ01J1rYsW8hDW0iN_oXn9ZycLSkLzDl98VwzlNb8MEAtfoNyvVXRwaJe6llqEKS1vFPVxJMxfRk2nTJ/s400/annie+rooney+march+9,+1929.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">March 9, 1929</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikNK6r0w3PnPsctm3Su-YeWupnsZUN8lOc6Mav4wXO3Kom0Z1EZOzRt_PSkulrqGgevL1XBe3ijfV-lnKjEkrBr_nsTt3kknf8mqJOtF1GlAmfjFvwK8G_BDo1JcJ-96FJQT6KZ8OoHFPP/s1600/annie+rooney+feb+8,+1929.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikNK6r0w3PnPsctm3Su-YeWupnsZUN8lOc6Mav4wXO3Kom0Z1EZOzRt_PSkulrqGgevL1XBe3ijfV-lnKjEkrBr_nsTt3kknf8mqJOtF1GlAmfjFvwK8G_BDo1JcJ-96FJQT6KZ8OoHFPP/s400/annie+rooney+feb+8,+1929.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">February 8, 1929</span></i></td></tr>
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Fortunately, there was much less violence. Annie Rooney's lot in life may have seemed cruel at times, but nobody was ever beaten to a pulp by gangsters. In fact, during the first few years, LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY was often humorous, with a punchline in the last panel, but even when Annie began having more harrowing adventures, the gags kept coming, the seriousness of her plight momentarily mitigated by a laugh.<br />
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For a time she found herself in the care of Daddy Jim and Auntie Jane, and she enjoyed the life every child should have. When school was over for the summer she was often in the company of her friend Billy Mitchell -- who always wore a striped shirt -- playing or getting into trouble, as kids do.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb2g29VU-ZQHoc5FBu63OkWmgNE1rGzFlJO5gPbxA7SrLNu-bfd8Wndt2JA5hEOFKuwXrCFS0XCxgmn2OfmzGcFbRzXfBclnjW5YzLjkBe6n5zKkQu_pCrMChK20jpK0boXTqH9fN1UF1b/s1600/annie+rooney+july+25,+1928.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="96" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb2g29VU-ZQHoc5FBu63OkWmgNE1rGzFlJO5gPbxA7SrLNu-bfd8Wndt2JA5hEOFKuwXrCFS0XCxgmn2OfmzGcFbRzXfBclnjW5YzLjkBe6n5zKkQu_pCrMChK20jpK0boXTqH9fN1UF1b/s400/annie+rooney+july+25,+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">July 25, 1928</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3q51jTL3Gwft2fv1_1IRUhrTs5uUhKINIVtLJJVTpH7c7ken8Ysf87Pno7F8mexEo6g6COFnf1IYiCftFHgHijr8wZe423AZHHnoWnBvmMOuyZ_5NgLsMC0E1Y-zy5ps7R0QaNCuarBCE/s1600/annie+rooney+july+23,+1928.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="101" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3q51jTL3Gwft2fv1_1IRUhrTs5uUhKINIVtLJJVTpH7c7ken8Ysf87Pno7F8mexEo6g6COFnf1IYiCftFHgHijr8wZe423AZHHnoWnBvmMOuyZ_5NgLsMC0E1Y-zy5ps7R0QaNCuarBCE/s400/annie+rooney+july+23,+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">July 23, 1928</span></i></td></tr>
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And then it came crashing down. Daddy Jim and Auntie Jane began having great financial woes, and Annie overhears them saying they wished they'd gotten a boy instead, and later stumbles upon this bit of conversation:<br />
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Daddy Jim: <i>"She sure has been a burden ever since we've had her."</i><br />
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Auntie Jane: <i>"We must get rid of her as soon as possible."</i><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwLfKk2L2N9azhXIZD9aDFP0QvFXwxXTtBfL4To2PUQSyfoP_dJUKwC2RuXP3TC_-_374D_T8wOPZOBGllzSlSNkTeXol9nwowAwfa78r4vxdc0tJKZ3we2UYpv94tudMN-3Yt2fu1PF2h/s1600/annie+pins.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwLfKk2L2N9azhXIZD9aDFP0QvFXwxXTtBfL4To2PUQSyfoP_dJUKwC2RuXP3TC_-_374D_T8wOPZOBGllzSlSNkTeXol9nwowAwfa78r4vxdc0tJKZ3we2UYpv94tudMN-3Yt2fu1PF2h/s400/annie+pins.JPG" width="258" /></a></div>
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What Annie didn't know was that they were talking about the car. She runs away from home, not wanting to be sent back to another orphanage, especially Mrs. Meany's.<br />
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As her name implies, Mrs. Maria Meany was a cruel, miserable crone who ran an orphan asylum. She was also Annie's constant nemesis. Annie had escaped from her orphanage, and Mrs. Meany was determined to get her back again into her evil clutches.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1cSnYOwovuohLBSNdeIVyf0QTHox8AEijZbjlSX73O5ykRgI1ub-iUpw_9ngbf2stWKB-e9x1rqVQ7YjKhRwgx558FO2sEPrtTfZQYj7T-PfDRUzffjD8nZZeSMP_mcNnOB9wdxi5cSMU/s1600/annie+rooney+aug+3%252C+1929.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="91" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1cSnYOwovuohLBSNdeIVyf0QTHox8AEijZbjlSX73O5ykRgI1ub-iUpw_9ngbf2stWKB-e9x1rqVQ7YjKhRwgx558FO2sEPrtTfZQYj7T-PfDRUzffjD8nZZeSMP_mcNnOB9wdxi5cSMU/s400/annie+rooney+aug+3%252C+1929.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">August 3, 1929</span></i></td></tr>
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Annie Rooney's adventures may not have been as violent as Orphan Annie's, but there were enough perils and drama to thrill the readers. After running away from Daddy Jim and Auntie Jane, Annie sees a boy on the street being viciously beaten by his father, a regular habit, she's told, and they conspire to swap places: he could go live with Daddy Jim and Auntie Jane, and Annie could stay on his father's houseboat until he returned, about a month. But during a raging storm the houseboat tears free of its mooring and drifts downriver, towards jagged rocks. Annie soon becomes mixed up in the vile machinations of Amos Taylor, the corrupt mayor of Brookvale; she joins a circus, where the highwire act she's performing turns deadly; she is kidnapped by thugs hired by Mrs. Meany; and she finds herself trapped by Sadie Snatcher, a female Fagan grooming her to be a thief. But, as always, the resourceful little girl extricates herself from danger and triumphs over villains.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0pmUt-V2k4TjFTw6TtP29QAy9EDbUvA339jN4ixViFsVxn6eYEokRzZ4DN6JyMFG5ZmDaWsHcqtlArlvzSu-uLRvTTNgzIRgh1nI6U4OUeY6hDBpB_Ys_H8W7Oo6jmjELIkmtS2ETCakk/s1600/annie+rooney+nov+14,+1928.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="95" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0pmUt-V2k4TjFTw6TtP29QAy9EDbUvA339jN4ixViFsVxn6eYEokRzZ4DN6JyMFG5ZmDaWsHcqtlArlvzSu-uLRvTTNgzIRgh1nI6U4OUeY6hDBpB_Ys_H8W7Oo6jmjELIkmtS2ETCakk/s400/annie+rooney+nov+14,+1928.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">November 14, 1928</span></i></td></tr>
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Ed Verdier's Annie was far more vulnerable than Harold Gray's Annie. Miss Rooney wasn't a pugilist like that other orphaned kid, nor did she have a "Daddy" to rescue her on occasion. What she did have was a kind heart, and she drifted in and out of the lives of a parade of sympathetic characters, such as Roland and Alice Rooney, Susie (a girl who helps her escape from Mrs. Meany's orphanage), "Gran'ma" Botts and Abner -- and Charley, a baby she found and took care of during her houseboat adventure. Kindness was repaid with kindness. Still, what little good times there were didn't last long, and Annie would find herself alone in the world once again.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1dnq5OROPNIGR9jOdA03smL9xlmQQCmMu2kv0dwTcWKJLD_xYPHX4_2V3_7a_9lcK85O9Qq4clyaVCeukHgKRqO_raoojHee06itzreyVyCTqoEoENIATK3RSBCWxQdC7MW9IUqEEziuX/s1600/lar+panel+afonsky+1938.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1dnq5OROPNIGR9jOdA03smL9xlmQQCmMu2kv0dwTcWKJLD_xYPHX4_2V3_7a_9lcK85O9Qq4clyaVCeukHgKRqO_raoojHee06itzreyVyCTqoEoENIATK3RSBCWxQdC7MW9IUqEEziuX/s400/lar+panel+afonsky+1938.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original artwork by Nicholas Afonsky from panel for Sunday July 10, 1938</span></i></td></tr>
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Poor eyesight forced Verdier to give up his cartooning career in 1929, but he continued writing in other media, occasionally turning out scripts for radio shows, such as DICK TRACY and STARS OVER HOLLYWOOD, a half hour program broadcast Saturdays on CBS. Verdier contributed to the latter series from 1941, the year it debuted, almost to the end, in 1954. He also co-wrote several movies, including THE BRIDE WORE CRUTCHES (1941), SONG OF THE OPEN ROAD (1944), SEVEN DAYS ASHORE (1944), and DELIGHTFULLY DANGEROUS (1945), and wrote one novel, THE SUN AND THE BARROW (1948). Verdier died in 1976.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinfkKEsAqvUj8u3qlG3Dv2z9myJ9pmv6_mUnFT-iWaLyB0mUsDbv6DfUrmbUZzMp5gc1PFHwC5Y31DNZbfzC-2zSPOk_vGP85muMezo5PggEDv3BKZOAGnaOju7XII-eCHi39fKwZKwdaE/s1600/ed+verdier+%2317.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinfkKEsAqvUj8u3qlG3Dv2z9myJ9pmv6_mUnFT-iWaLyB0mUsDbv6DfUrmbUZzMp5gc1PFHwC5Y31DNZbfzC-2zSPOk_vGP85muMezo5PggEDv3BKZOAGnaOju7XII-eCHi39fKwZKwdaE/s400/ed+verdier+%2317.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Ed Verdier (#17) at a luncheon for George McManus (<b>Bringing Up Father</b>), 1928. Chic Young (#9) was still two years away from starting his <b>Blondie</b> strip</span></i></td></tr>
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Ben Batsford, who took over LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY in August of 1929, had more cartooning experience than Verdier, hence his name isn't as obscure in the annals of comic strips.<br />
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Batsford was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, June 5, 1893, though he grew up in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He sold his first cartoon in 1908 and, after serving in a Canadian unit in France during the War, he joined the staff of the Winnipeg Free Press. In the 1920s he turned out a strip called UNK AND BILLY, sometimes called BILLY'S UNCLE. Batsford moved back to the U.S. in 1925 when he was offered a strip called DOINGS OF THE DUFFS, left in limbo when its creator, Walter Allman, became ill in the winter of 1924 and died in July of that year. Batsford took over from an interim artist named FitzGerald, and stuck with the Duffs until he was offered LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY.<br />
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Batsford's time drawing LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY lasted a little over a year, from August 1929 to October 1930. He had simply carried on in the Verdier tradition, but made one important contribution: he introduced Annie's dog, Zero.<br />
</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyGAlJpzmRTBMXLkBjOcv0x-1Y4LB0HwROyKJGT95CXQmguk6x7WIZkL6YuoiUBh0gjCbVmCgHak89uGxClaIbaBYCZ6_L6izU655YLkq-oEFt8luDzEFDepr1XOfvzFS6s2U-jHEyNwEW/s1137/ben+batsford+1916.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1137" data-original-width="1051" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyGAlJpzmRTBMXLkBjOcv0x-1Y4LB0HwROyKJGT95CXQmguk6x7WIZkL6YuoiUBh0gjCbVmCgHak89uGxClaIbaBYCZ6_L6izU655YLkq-oEFt8luDzEFDepr1XOfvzFS6s2U-jHEyNwEW/w370-h400/ben+batsford+1916.jpg" width="370" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ben Batsford in 1916, representing his province; this poster was commissioned for the Canadian National Exhibition in Toronto<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdI2k6Yoo9qMDGLpNKPMhKtKHSSLJ3qwDbDt5-l1zdV0h_5VYwxbeS2ZIyXA33fBII-XVVcOOL1OFuhxYewdFJ8JdSzE-_FTx2YCH97Ul6pMR0hpw5scYAEXgxZrJysLLKTxdErgr7FvbS/s1600/zero+march+1930.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="319" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdI2k6Yoo9qMDGLpNKPMhKtKHSSLJ3qwDbDt5-l1zdV0h_5VYwxbeS2ZIyXA33fBII-XVVcOOL1OFuhxYewdFJ8JdSzE-_FTx2YCH97Ul6pMR0hpw5scYAEXgxZrJysLLKTxdErgr7FvbS/s320/zero+march+1930.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie and Zero; March 1930</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnN4nJk-xq4i1YL2nBnN9p6c6DUdrD_DkDVhgI9RvJogyhqaZFFef15kqkFy4QfAM8JgSq2xG4b-zMQ7TxZP6ERwUBwNUoPIHPwyWhyphenhyphenMfZACBopH0mPXfkzB-YQJk7Mjj3WZFM_XxGgPz_/s1600/zero+ring+circa+1950b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnN4nJk-xq4i1YL2nBnN9p6c6DUdrD_DkDVhgI9RvJogyhqaZFFef15kqkFy4QfAM8JgSq2xG4b-zMQ7TxZP6ERwUBwNUoPIHPwyWhyphenhyphenMfZACBopH0mPXfkzB-YQJk7Mjj3WZFM_XxGgPz_/s320/zero+ring+circa+1950b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Ring around the collar: Zero gets his own ring, c.1950</span></i></td></tr>
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Annie befriends an old blind beggar named Albert C. Albert, and takes up residence with him. Mr. Albert's dog, Zero, is crippled by a taxi and, after an operation paid for by some kind benefactors, Annie nurses him back to health. When Mr. Albert is cured of his blindness, he decides to leave Annie and join an old friend on the high seas in search of a lost fortune. As a consolation, he leaves Zero with the bewildered girl, and arranges to have her cared for by some friends, the O'Flinns. However, before she can even try out this new home, she's on the lam once again, having been tracked down by Mrs. Meany. At least this time she has a canine companion.<br />
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Ben Batsford went on to draw other comic strips, as well as comic books, but is perhaps best known for FRANKIE DOODLE.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibSMF_7pcX4tAnXSNOW2dA9TOO5RNhrrf-cG82Z8_kvlW5p6Rt1THoD1SPnCRK9iQInx3gz1MoIO0l7x5FKRWbUk9slBts0n21YCvjKFeBVgBGsXMR5q2loln9-n8Wri-jwUBj8Xk368vp/s1600/annie+rooney+april+30,+1944.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="175" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibSMF_7pcX4tAnXSNOW2dA9TOO5RNhrrf-cG82Z8_kvlW5p6Rt1THoD1SPnCRK9iQInx3gz1MoIO0l7x5FKRWbUk9slBts0n21YCvjKFeBVgBGsXMR5q2loln9-n8Wri-jwUBj8Xk368vp/s400/annie+rooney+april+30,+1944.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday by Darrell McClure, April 30, 1944</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0TquL742Ngo2vz76fcGbE35_6lM5s72x27tHYu1UQF489BcWzUqhh6TXt82YN0HXKajso3ovikJspQB99BhfWCfLPWDlj2Oc92sb0A1EqUaOsSNathWQe5Zc-bXPy_dK7gunf6XjCvRvd/s1600/annie+rooney+sunday+aug+20,+1944+mcclure.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0TquL742Ngo2vz76fcGbE35_6lM5s72x27tHYu1UQF489BcWzUqhh6TXt82YN0HXKajso3ovikJspQB99BhfWCfLPWDlj2Oc92sb0A1EqUaOsSNathWQe5Zc-bXPy_dK7gunf6XjCvRvd/s400/annie+rooney+sunday+aug+20,+1944+mcclure.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday; original art by McClure, August 20, 1944</span></i></td></tr>
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Despite the setbacks, LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY reached much greater heights of glory when artist Darrell McClure took over the strip on October 6, 1930. McClure, the person most associated with Annie, was one of the finest illustrators ever to grace the comics section of a newspaper, and he remained with the strip until its demise in 1966.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_NVIbGFu1FTKjCeF4ja-nI7fnomTQcjYloKhq6O1sEr6FpXEnphemWRgd8e9WnWil8L3Exw53T8N6fdG-_vnNwqkI7eY0rGBX2jEb3NKdnCJvTQ2aUQXZbxgsqs7nnNjudMOOw9gxhpMB/s1600/lar+strip+original+art+1943.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_NVIbGFu1FTKjCeF4ja-nI7fnomTQcjYloKhq6O1sEr6FpXEnphemWRgd8e9WnWil8L3Exw53T8N6fdG-_vnNwqkI7eY0rGBX2jEb3NKdnCJvTQ2aUQXZbxgsqs7nnNjudMOOw9gxhpMB/s400/lar+strip+original+art+1943.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original art by Darrell McClure, December 29, 1943</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9ycA3VAtTGCRMAnp2HkNm0dRO3FjNlonGS-8zAbof-C_4L2ErkCaOLGoxDSlJI91uSW87PDiFFLYTFEiqPYHm1dYKMijcLmvNKkQNWexCDRJ6t9DOde2NJG3u2cUgwwbvDkB_GihlKopJ/s1600/annie+promotion+1948.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9ycA3VAtTGCRMAnp2HkNm0dRO3FjNlonGS-8zAbof-C_4L2ErkCaOLGoxDSlJI91uSW87PDiFFLYTFEiqPYHm1dYKMijcLmvNKkQNWexCDRJ6t9DOde2NJG3u2cUgwwbvDkB_GihlKopJ/s400/annie+promotion+1948.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Entry for Annie, from a King Features Syndicate promotional book, 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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McClure was born February 25, 1903, in Ukiah, Mendocino County, California. His mother fostered his artistic ability. In his early teens he studied nights at the California School of Fine Arts, and later a school for cartoonists. "From the age of six I never once swerved from the ambition to be a newspaper strip artist," McClure said, in 1949.<br />
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If he didn't swerve in his resolve, he certainly had to plow through obstacles. The sturdy, six-foot McClure started as a lumberjack at the age of 15, working in lumber camps all over the west.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3RY9ILs8g6dViuN5BLXa-WEHuAomZEwLeXGD3VtvDQIFHZT05lUNQOR-4Fagt5PAqsoU4f0To5reAuwSRPdknQXTWL-DNUSUHWbIQWopvxGg5oQx13RYgLiDdIUadrFQW9OBX3T4WTYKf/s1600/mcclure+annie+rooney+fishing.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3RY9ILs8g6dViuN5BLXa-WEHuAomZEwLeXGD3VtvDQIFHZT05lUNQOR-4Fagt5PAqsoU4f0To5reAuwSRPdknQXTWL-DNUSUHWbIQWopvxGg5oQx13RYgLiDdIUadrFQW9OBX3T4WTYKf/s400/mcclure+annie+rooney+fishing.jpg" width="307" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie and Zero anticipating the Coppertone girl and her dog</span></i></td></tr>
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For a time he was able to find work in small animation studios, which folded one after the other. It didn't matter, since he admitted that animation didn't appeal to him in the least.<br />
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Then he found his true love: sailing. For several years he worked aboard sail boats and steam ships, which took him all around the world. One port he sailed to, in 1923, was New York City, where Jimmy Swinnerton, famous for his LITTLE BEARS comic strip and one of the originators of the medium, got him a job with King Features, as an apprentice cartoonist.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_HHZy-nhlJccUSCgvR7jRyGlX7HpncBHTV1BeQrz6G9rA5coYIu8SmRMfDVpEjG9xnZT2-iWEqjprcwpbB-TTdqBgWhO6CYzNOlPzbEKwtHULW7KInnPQLX5zMsZF_Qqao3Sjsvemnd7K/s1600/mcclure.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_HHZy-nhlJccUSCgvR7jRyGlX7HpncBHTV1BeQrz6G9rA5coYIu8SmRMfDVpEjG9xnZT2-iWEqjprcwpbB-TTdqBgWhO6CYzNOlPzbEKwtHULW7KInnPQLX5zMsZF_Qqao3Sjsvemnd7K/s1600/mcclure.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Darrell McClure</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtNIX3OBAVLiEZvjLOKtlFdPzZ2ZYMtnzl5X68SgW6go9T8mG5-2xq0toWV1vPJdyPojkB5zZHRCAK87quS1Xb9hz6BzULSZz71udzkpRAk0lQsQ6TGTDbXqGkBOWoTlFgRQ79-Z2grGIR/s1600/annie+rooney+paper+doll+1935.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtNIX3OBAVLiEZvjLOKtlFdPzZ2ZYMtnzl5X68SgW6go9T8mG5-2xq0toWV1vPJdyPojkB5zZHRCAK87quS1Xb9hz6BzULSZz71udzkpRAk0lQsQ6TGTDbXqGkBOWoTlFgRQ79-Z2grGIR/s1600/annie+rooney+paper+doll+1935.jpg" width="255" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">In 1935 Saalfield offered this Annie Rooney paper doll, part of its large 16" x 10" </span></i><b><span style="font-size: small;">Comics Paper</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Doll</b> <b>Cut-Out Book</b></span><i><span style="font-size: small;">, along with other King Features characters: <b>Popeye</b>, <b>the Katzenjammer Kids</b>, <b>Blondie</b>, <b>Dumb Dora</b>, <b>Just Kids</b>, and <b>Polly and Her Pals</b>.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5aD9Wg75VZ08yz6F6q1dHk8WkQAEb9JnV4bFNxYcSdPRr_73cMe_ihWNZoBq0MFHsLDV3cI0-rDw10QveMcLkz0rBOv5OFBN4j3-Lp466CYqCGN5WEbp9yy-uvqLpfFD850azykQk7Lor/s1600/annie+rooney+newspaper+cut+out+doll+1935.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5aD9Wg75VZ08yz6F6q1dHk8WkQAEb9JnV4bFNxYcSdPRr_73cMe_ihWNZoBq0MFHsLDV3cI0-rDw10QveMcLkz0rBOv5OFBN4j3-Lp466CYqCGN5WEbp9yy-uvqLpfFD850azykQk7Lor/s400/annie+rooney+newspaper+cut+out+doll+1935.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Or, if you were lucky, your newspaper included this Annie Rooney cut-out doll on one of its pages in 1935</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4zVw43tI5rkvxLncQIxutovbb0KlfVtV-RT92iAvCUwJhq2TfbMKOwd2JzjuiYLBe2tery1etnZfiB7ARPY5a7KPAi_CZgQsd4e4DhxVXOKDrZEK2buCPkAwYYVP34ANfxHjOO1KhQrD-/s1600/annie+wishing+book+1932.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4zVw43tI5rkvxLncQIxutovbb0KlfVtV-RT92iAvCUwJhq2TfbMKOwd2JzjuiYLBe2tery1etnZfiB7ARPY5a7KPAi_CZgQsd4e4DhxVXOKDrZEK2buCPkAwYYVP34ANfxHjOO1KhQrD-/s400/annie+wishing+book+1932.JPG" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney Wishing Book</b> (1932), for younger children; copyrighted by and credited to Walsh and McClure, but dubious</span></i></td></tr>
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After a few years of assisting, McClure began drawing strips of his own, like HARD-HEARTED HICKEY, but most notably VANILLA AND THE VILLAINS, before being handed the reins to LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY.<br />
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McClure and writer Brandon Walsh not only continued the dailies, they introduced the Sundays as well -- something that had been missing from the strip -- beginning November 2, 1930. The colour comics had a different storyline from the dailies.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmAWaKCwQsNYzfcIQASCDpWFsIdbQNUuYkwhAPRDYEcUb753FPGI2c1R_BLy0xwnqQK377EHbR90Upp3mWln1GsPfY4ARAtI4pCjIy0dKjl58RUqHuVlJopNTIX3vlmdwrIsZcrJlvce6D/s1600/little+annie+rooney+oct+3%252C+1942.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmAWaKCwQsNYzfcIQASCDpWFsIdbQNUuYkwhAPRDYEcUb753FPGI2c1R_BLy0xwnqQK377EHbR90Upp3mWln1GsPfY4ARAtI4pCjIy0dKjl58RUqHuVlJopNTIX3vlmdwrIsZcrJlvce6D/s400/little+annie+rooney+oct+3%252C+1942.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday by Darrell McClure, October 3, 1942</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisaN9JYHXnrbAZ8CUfyvk26I9BpkwvKZ2b00xyZj9r2G9TNAUOYYruMk4x9mDaCCLB_xq5o2vPIMBPLD8vMK3ChkSl3TaUT_sLhk5HCwc_aBlyYlKiWeSfxRvr4TTglK9-ohXNPaiC0dLR/s1600/little+annie+rooney+june+16,+1946.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisaN9JYHXnrbAZ8CUfyvk26I9BpkwvKZ2b00xyZj9r2G9TNAUOYYruMk4x9mDaCCLB_xq5o2vPIMBPLD8vMK3ChkSl3TaUT_sLhk5HCwc_aBlyYlKiWeSfxRvr4TTglK9-ohXNPaiC0dLR/s400/little+annie+rooney+june+16,+1946.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday by Darrell McClure, June 16, 1946</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR-d7oqXCnPhk9J1PAW7NiUeoWQVEXz3fobvE6j6M_cTKpYMcPkHeswZ4ymA9erX7iuudwnfVTUyC_dc5X5QGtN_tWZPCZxaP7D_NuRkjpZ2GSQTI0WBqMeXZkkVWup77QMgVSYB6EXUCq/s1600/little+annie+rooney+july+4,+1948.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR-d7oqXCnPhk9J1PAW7NiUeoWQVEXz3fobvE6j6M_cTKpYMcPkHeswZ4ymA9erX7iuudwnfVTUyC_dc5X5QGtN_tWZPCZxaP7D_NuRkjpZ2GSQTI0WBqMeXZkkVWup77QMgVSYB6EXUCq/s400/little+annie+rooney+july+4,+1948.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday by Darrell McClure, July 4, 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjjEluRyTOTtmYq76xw6YJOHM6ugZY3XoXOIUGdwDcmYKAMMNshFeqyq6Dbr4Xws1q2kAWDjdKc9_HTmJVpHZQK1r7M89MTBalYyQ_fYNl5ZKaXCBxuEc7J7CDLiArA2IMzI6IA_3B5p3h/s1600/little+annie+rooney+aug+15,+1948.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjjEluRyTOTtmYq76xw6YJOHM6ugZY3XoXOIUGdwDcmYKAMMNshFeqyq6Dbr4Xws1q2kAWDjdKc9_HTmJVpHZQK1r7M89MTBalYyQ_fYNl5ZKaXCBxuEc7J7CDLiArA2IMzI6IA_3B5p3h/s400/little+annie+rooney+aug+15,+1948.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday by Darrell McClure, August 15, 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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John Brandon Walsh, born in 1882, had enjoyed a diverse career stretching back to the late 19th century. He sold his first song, <i>The Sinking of the Maine</i>, for $10, wrote hundreds more, and was a member of the <i>American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers</i>. He also wrote material for various vaudeville acts before moving on to comic strips.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibAxEaVUio_FEdW29hkvWOmBASqB4P69sXu-rjRaytDnoRimLpLx-V5gBOFDAFGB9123mxbz0eWTdUKwuxfptpUasrxfjyRUSuh5k4X2gQd5wEYn19Lhcz1XEpucpz4eEnsacgpzxnIC26/s1600/brandon+walsh+1935.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibAxEaVUio_FEdW29hkvWOmBASqB4P69sXu-rjRaytDnoRimLpLx-V5gBOFDAFGB9123mxbz0eWTdUKwuxfptpUasrxfjyRUSuh5k4X2gQd5wEYn19Lhcz1XEpucpz4eEnsacgpzxnIC26/s1600/brandon+walsh+1935.jpg" width="243" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Brandon Walsh, 1935</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0FtIzM7k-zzOzIqr-6kf0GoBqIMB0W9EF1kHsKjgc66UK0aLEBNv2XOEkLK1ZIQeoS7pceQza77-Njil2Br4woZEkU58Iyocm5vojwPfLR3CIdYt0T5dtLBbU3mq_eT1TGu1vPzUhuAdq/s1600/once+upon+a+time+book.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="386" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0FtIzM7k-zzOzIqr-6kf0GoBqIMB0W9EF1kHsKjgc66UK0aLEBNv2XOEkLK1ZIQeoS7pceQza77-Njil2Br4woZEkU58Iyocm5vojwPfLR3CIdYt0T5dtLBbU3mq_eT1TGu1vPzUhuAdq/s1600/once+upon+a+time+book.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">One of the last in the series of "Once Upon A Time"
books, 1934. Contains reprints from the newspaper strip by Walsh and
McClure</span></i></td></tr>
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Walsh and McClure never really deviated from the template set by Verdier, which was summed up by Coulton Waugh in his book THE COMICS (1947): <i>"In practice this strip illustrates the validity of the Golden Rule. Annie is continually cheerful. Once in a great while circumstances crowd her to the rail, but they never last long with this stout-hearted child. After a period of abject poverty, Annie usually joins some character who has too much money..."</i><br />
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Hounded by Mrs. Meany, and not wanting to be a burden on anyone, Annie never stayed in one place for long, a device that enabled her to embark on a fresh new adventure every few months and to meet new people. This cycle lasted throughout the strip's 39 years of existence.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnBPD_hLpjUupnhe7kMYN93F-fumzfBPosCmxhYkS4WPZnYONeOG1zJanAtoI5Idbox48xbenZOddAXJ0x4QUKRPxicy7350LvCW9dgA7tAOn3JfJ882kvqOR49pAHhLfs7kH2bIO1N-rc/s1600/annie+rooney+november+16,+1934.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnBPD_hLpjUupnhe7kMYN93F-fumzfBPosCmxhYkS4WPZnYONeOG1zJanAtoI5Idbox48xbenZOddAXJ0x4QUKRPxicy7350LvCW9dgA7tAOn3JfJ882kvqOR49pAHhLfs7kH2bIO1N-rc/s400/annie+rooney+november+16,+1934.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original art by Darrell McClure, November 16, 1934</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAy5r9ThpWbPtiKqCQQQsjOW3c2IvffHext0sgTx9Gsdrp-GaM_e-L02o00tQ5lyKhcGjc0NR-nRW8uoPzgB00l-KeyHIb-CKggvbN2DQ8bb38J5q6ka2HApPY6jvMTJ_9PG5QOiJ0iptm/s1600/lar+daily+1935.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="88" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAy5r9ThpWbPtiKqCQQQsjOW3c2IvffHext0sgTx9Gsdrp-GaM_e-L02o00tQ5lyKhcGjc0NR-nRW8uoPzgB00l-KeyHIb-CKggvbN2DQ8bb38J5q6ka2HApPY6jvMTJ_9PG5QOiJ0iptm/s400/lar+daily+1935.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original art by Darrell McClure, March 16, 1935</span></i></td></tr>
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Annie was a survivor. When winter brought snowstorms, the resourceful little girl found a barn to sleep in, and an alley with a warm bakery wall. She never begged or asked for charity (except on behalf of Zero), but was always willing to earn her keep through hard work. And where child labour laws kept Annie from rolling up her sleeves and doing for herself, there was never a shortage of decent folks willing to give her a hot meal or shelter for the night.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL4jEBWIkpixQr56NtKxxdzo0yZS-F28Tn3R-mZN9bCUkukamyouvcIxzpwTa8RW-_S2yEmFKiunoffFE4MD0nf8fIs17XYxfQy1Nt0VvSse1cy2lmB-ZpIr3VQNAPKVpj3yXggpa-7I_n/s1600/lewiston+evening+journal+ad+may+13,+1940.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL4jEBWIkpixQr56NtKxxdzo0yZS-F28Tn3R-mZN9bCUkukamyouvcIxzpwTa8RW-_S2yEmFKiunoffFE4MD0nf8fIs17XYxfQy1Nt0VvSse1cy2lmB-ZpIr3VQNAPKVpj3yXggpa-7I_n/s1600/lewiston+evening+journal+ad+may+13,+1940.jpg" width="160" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Ad from the <b>Lewiston Evening Journal</b>, May 13, 1940</span></i></td></tr>
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Annie Rooney was never much of a threat to Orphan Annie, who had a hugely successful radio program sponsored by Ovaltine. There were also two Little Orphan Annie movies, in 1932 (starring Mitzi Green) and 1938 (starring Ann Gillis). Unfortunately, there was never a Little Annie Rooney movie, though the Motion Picture Herald made this brief report in their March 23, 1935 issue: "LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY, published in comic strip form by Brandon Walsh, purchased by Fox as a possible vehicle for Shirley Temple." It's hard to imagine Shirley trading in her famous blonde curls for a brunette bob. She <i>did</i> star seven years later in MISS ANNIE ROONEY for United Artists, but that movie had nothing to do with the comic strip.<br />
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Still, Little Annie Rooney's popularity was growing, thanks to Walsh and McClure, and the merchandise and promotional items began to trickle in.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH6czco0RBOyoTdhIg6B7sE8son-YzHnzbWGwesT_HhhapUxMgPl486-eDeWEQcB7UE08T6cbHZ_vAz3dpEyJ4ljEQnQwH_8-5xLV1LFv1EgXLswnMX6BW4hnDSEsllRs4_tvw1z85ns3z/s1600/colouring+book+1935+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH6czco0RBOyoTdhIg6B7sE8son-YzHnzbWGwesT_HhhapUxMgPl486-eDeWEQcB7UE08T6cbHZ_vAz3dpEyJ4ljEQnQwH_8-5xLV1LFv1EgXLswnMX6BW4hnDSEsllRs4_tvw1z85ns3z/s400/colouring+book+1935+b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Boxed set of 3 colouring books, 1934</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrrNby7snOkrL8-WxXOcrjjcrPBgPGlsAFvVa8c6qYOJhNUqN6PPv_Z4lW8zPWtVeIrFL-2_UsKLgDXf_oigybEUzIuj-fX57PRegezpkKTMQzgIZKq6-S4mDckNdUYPDIr664X9q-ZWFv/s1600/annie+rooney+jigsaw+puzzle+box+cover.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="331" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrrNby7snOkrL8-WxXOcrjjcrPBgPGlsAFvVa8c6qYOJhNUqN6PPv_Z4lW8zPWtVeIrFL-2_UsKLgDXf_oigybEUzIuj-fX57PRegezpkKTMQzgIZKq6-S4mDckNdUYPDIr664X9q-ZWFv/s400/annie+rooney+jigsaw+puzzle+box+cover.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Box cover for Little Annie Rooney jigsaw puzzle set, 1933</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNeYm-IfX92gB7BX2Ps4tRpqGfkua7-nHOSPAqlq9A2n1ep-git_5-rG5H2fNi7GTrXEWEZs-AvNhjXDJgLk5dewhiGWyaVL6OzZsZfhsre3fzA2nyAazWIZ4ykrTIzoukbWKkABlnjTHW/s1600/annie+jigsaw+puzzle+1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNeYm-IfX92gB7BX2Ps4tRpqGfkua7-nHOSPAqlq9A2n1ep-git_5-rG5H2fNi7GTrXEWEZs-AvNhjXDJgLk5dewhiGWyaVL6OzZsZfhsre3fzA2nyAazWIZ4ykrTIzoukbWKkABlnjTHW/s400/annie+jigsaw+puzzle+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Little Annie Rooney jigsaw puzzle by McClure, 1933</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLDxD2kjgnvU782sUWkIZJ1DC6QCQSFncWdKmTR5P2LKhb9WxVeUZ6bzGu6p5KI6i65SRPCkW-Yy3zV-sOg-HRyLvpUgbS1RYAdYCrE5XEZNsCMSesKwj3XhBuVinxpPQmqB3cnK_9-2VD/s1600/annie+jigsaw+puzzle+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLDxD2kjgnvU782sUWkIZJ1DC6QCQSFncWdKmTR5P2LKhb9WxVeUZ6bzGu6p5KI6i65SRPCkW-Yy3zV-sOg-HRyLvpUgbS1RYAdYCrE5XEZNsCMSesKwj3XhBuVinxpPQmqB3cnK_9-2VD/s400/annie+jigsaw+puzzle+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Little Annie Rooney jigsaw puzzle by McClure, 1933</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAma7QDrqauBi6wGuZaIj1fs6hADJ1am-IThwWQy4wV5OkoevcMm3cRp6Cuze2rbnMtXKwqAxIMga-NoV53fLrUT0BEuzXvKdZOZV6ceP5Unb6klO9h9cBc0uyDzMIVV1JtEtnlhfBFxFL/s1600/annie+rooney+paint+books+1935+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAma7QDrqauBi6wGuZaIj1fs6hADJ1am-IThwWQy4wV5OkoevcMm3cRp6Cuze2rbnMtXKwqAxIMga-NoV53fLrUT0BEuzXvKdZOZV6ceP5Unb6klO9h9cBc0uyDzMIVV1JtEtnlhfBFxFL/s400/annie+rooney+paint+books+1935+b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Little Annie Rooney paint books, 1935; the second one has only 36 pages -- and less dogs on the cover</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXQNbZOZ082SwmPGPAlx2PwktFu3BPyq5xHGAkBpq-qkEryjCwj3ABDB3BWaoeqAkYcuAeU559uexXgJr0kRiK0gDLGA9WwhZI8xDAp9CtpyncSktcLdnfgzuseh1RNDBiCJgiXjjp4w5U/s1600/1945+statuettes+ad.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXQNbZOZ082SwmPGPAlx2PwktFu3BPyq5xHGAkBpq-qkEryjCwj3ABDB3BWaoeqAkYcuAeU559uexXgJr0kRiK0gDLGA9WwhZI8xDAp9CtpyncSktcLdnfgzuseh1RNDBiCJgiXjjp4w5U/s400/1945+statuettes+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">1945 ad for King Features statuettes</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6SL3787AkhNAsrJ04l9gMP0YVsFstJYw8A8572k2cx3DP8mVfSOvN4Gi-GNEX43JlKCxqKTZr0A9LxjcU_UJu8nOOPW9eRzHojTQcDVshrb5kh3h7ZDAa3xF_rGtVW8sKHFqvaONzViMu/s1600/annie+rooney+statuette+1945.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6SL3787AkhNAsrJ04l9gMP0YVsFstJYw8A8572k2cx3DP8mVfSOvN4Gi-GNEX43JlKCxqKTZr0A9LxjcU_UJu8nOOPW9eRzHojTQcDVshrb5kh3h7ZDAa3xF_rGtVW8sKHFqvaONzViMu/s400/annie+rooney+statuette+1945.jpg" width="160" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie statuette, 1945. You'd think it would bear
an uncanny resemblance to Annie as shown in the ad above; instead, it's
an unbearable resemblance</span></i>. <i><span style="font-size: small;">What do you want for 25 cents?</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLt08ahHuW98UR1nWQPGEqdpO0U8eJcE_N-ycUO8qAeTTDuzhT5EIxkCOuqnQ2RWi-es1bjYS0mir-3I-M69IDjnlx2JPsCMyy7wjchv59a82KWRxubhvF2gWLeBpVxYokKWKG59JXI0o0/s1600/paas+pure+food+coloring+transfers+1936+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLt08ahHuW98UR1nWQPGEqdpO0U8eJcE_N-ycUO8qAeTTDuzhT5EIxkCOuqnQ2RWi-es1bjYS0mir-3I-M69IDjnlx2JPsCMyy7wjchv59a82KWRxubhvF2gWLeBpVxYokKWKG59JXI0o0/s1600/paas+pure+food+coloring+transfers+1936+b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Paas Pure Food Coloring set, 1936, came with this King Features transfer sheet for the children.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_J8A3CzWwo69dZzj4a1Ia5SO1RXE75vhvPq3ZHKQTvFoNyKGZdVJdlnPZaHChhN1-63GqSGIFmqRnEWC8x7Ect4ul8Gi-J1tZhs7T_eesfRZTd3fjZJ6MTtFN4-kvKSZHqzG569EDwVxF/s1600/paas+transfer+decals+1940.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_J8A3CzWwo69dZzj4a1Ia5SO1RXE75vhvPq3ZHKQTvFoNyKGZdVJdlnPZaHChhN1-63GqSGIFmqRnEWC8x7Ect4ul8Gi-J1tZhs7T_eesfRZTd3fjZJ6MTtFN4-kvKSZHqzG569EDwVxF/s400/paas+transfer+decals+1940.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Paas King Features transfer decals, 1940. Can </span><b><span style="font-size: small;">you</span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> find Annie, boys and girls?</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKh23a0MK58goNVW5jlQLekz3hPRR5GpM_ZzlTECYnK-0QOTiuS1-7XNTiN6Yt1ZAn9ed3J0giZXOXQee-5hiZMES4axrH3gKxNdMqq94VYOyljEAnH9fUsGkfcROEnaIr0_scmsTRiO28/s1600/dagwood+splits+the+atom+1949+title+page.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKh23a0MK58goNVW5jlQLekz3hPRR5GpM_ZzlTECYnK-0QOTiuS1-7XNTiN6Yt1ZAn9ed3J0giZXOXQee-5hiZMES4axrH3gKxNdMqq94VYOyljEAnH9fUsGkfcROEnaIr0_scmsTRiO28/s1600/dagwood+splits+the+atom+1949+title+page.png" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Dagwood Splits The Atom</b> (1949), an educational book hosted by Mandrake the Magician, and starring Dagwood and family.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_PiR4MPQxih8mJnwQR1s9kEohTn52963TzwTUQZcH8AwMJ7rEMmdAK3ZyOpy6bbIns4rLFS93yBmeEmRU9YFtq-BkUsMBJRZyO2ko-F11X7asMMF2bzUQ3SC_TzBOEpbnnS06OHltgR3X/s1600/dagwood+splits+the+atom+1949+pg+27.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_PiR4MPQxih8mJnwQR1s9kEohTn52963TzwTUQZcH8AwMJ7rEMmdAK3ZyOpy6bbIns4rLFS93yBmeEmRU9YFtq-BkUsMBJRZyO2ko-F11X7asMMF2bzUQ3SC_TzBOEpbnnS06OHltgR3X/s1600/dagwood+splits+the+atom+1949+pg+27.jpg" width="260" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The book also featured minor appearances by other King Features characters, including Annie.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWRryc03sRuPDXmWbSumXQsTkXEVXiBbkz-vLoZ1bOOten_AkcYGYl26iq6YvUgehBowd8YTJTDzkYn6mozPueLY0BpAvSszes3QkE_mKv9CNX5OMi-WP6yTmDPq0JCLRdPvb0t0xTtX4X/s1600/dagwood+splits+the+atom+1949+pg+28.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="83" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWRryc03sRuPDXmWbSumXQsTkXEVXiBbkz-vLoZ1bOOten_AkcYGYl26iq6YvUgehBowd8YTJTDzkYn6mozPueLY0BpAvSszes3QkE_mKv9CNX5OMi-WP6yTmDPq0JCLRdPvb0t0xTtX4X/s1600/dagwood+splits+the+atom+1949+pg+28.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">from <b>Dagwood Splits The Atom</b></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXGt3kADbyFXmRD2CGDoWwfDE6YJfvd7LpSRE1e7uUoh1rMlp4UrkGgJ2QHKicydtHqP_846dYik7zPJmFKRCJ53sQoJMTOi7aj67tLPwciGLZoCa0I2MXYpYKtAXxkHYotQKy5C7uqllW/s1600/sing+with+king+1949.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXGt3kADbyFXmRD2CGDoWwfDE6YJfvd7LpSRE1e7uUoh1rMlp4UrkGgJ2QHKicydtHqP_846dYik7zPJmFKRCJ53sQoJMTOi7aj67tLPwciGLZoCa0I2MXYpYKtAXxkHYotQKy5C7uqllW/s1600/sing+with+king+1949.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Sing With King At Christmas</b> (1949). This booklet contained words and music for well-known carols, accompanied by King Features characters.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSrY_E2y0ou0pHhi3I4QClO4xIJl-nAkB5EsXWxsLOk3oBeY_Tz7hH8hP_z9bAdLJbllcSIu16ZXteP_AZPX4sTUWqXpsrIfxQyzFhPiMJzB-oyx_p4PWRCToYmRLRtSW6i0xOW-HyRSS5/s1600/king+features+christmas+carols+1949.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSrY_E2y0ou0pHhi3I4QClO4xIJl-nAkB5EsXWxsLOk3oBeY_Tz7hH8hP_z9bAdLJbllcSIu16ZXteP_AZPX4sTUWqXpsrIfxQyzFhPiMJzB-oyx_p4PWRCToYmRLRtSW6i0xOW-HyRSS5/s1600/king+features+christmas+carols+1949.jpg" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Page from <b>Sing With King</b> (1949). Considering some of the brats on this page, the night is sure to be neither silent nor holy.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">From a King Features 15-card set, 1951. The 5" x 6" Christmas cards c</span><span style="font-size: small;">ame in a box, with envelopes. Other comic strips included: <b>Popeye</b>, <b>Blondie</b>, <b>Henry</b>, <b>Flash Gordon</b>, <b>the</b> <b>Katzenjammer Kids</b>, <b>Bringing Up Father</b>, <b>Mandrake</b>, <b>Steve Canyon</b>, <b>Little Iodine</b>, <b>Prince Valiant</b>, <b>Myrtle</b> (by Dudley Fisher), <b>Grandma</b> (by Charles Kuhn), <b>Buz Sawyer</b>, and <b>Jungle Jim</b></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgglXPvGAtvoMDy2uyBga0xbTx9vR7I9vfAS1ZoPgdrZfckFnLT3UAMkPDXm6dO_WshWU7HXFUAUZcTfPzVV7oTUgAPWqIoJU1XuNmsIEeA6hTe6cuVO-T9E-BPRTLQaMFxEhp_B6kIlOYv/s1600/key+chain+locket+1952+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgglXPvGAtvoMDy2uyBga0xbTx9vR7I9vfAS1ZoPgdrZfckFnLT3UAMkPDXm6dO_WshWU7HXFUAUZcTfPzVV7oTUgAPWqIoJU1XuNmsIEeA6hTe6cuVO-T9E-BPRTLQaMFxEhp_B6kIlOYv/s1600/key+chain+locket+1952+b.jpg" width="325" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Little Annie Rooney key chain locket, 1952. Just under an inch in length. You could collect all 12 King Features characters, only 10 cents each.</span></i></td></tr>
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In 1936 Big Little Books published the first of only two LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY titles: LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY AND THE ORPHAN HOUSE and LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY ON THE HIGHWAY TO ADVENTURE, by Walsh and McClure. She fared a little better in reprints, though not nearly as well as Orphan Annie when Cupples & Leon reprinted nine volumes worth of her dailies. King Features and the McKay Company joined forces to produce KING COMICS, the first issue of which was dated April 1936. LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY was part of the collection of strips that were cut and pasted into comic book format, and she appeared in numerous issues of KING COMICS during the 1930s and '40s, but only four issues of Annie's own title were ever published, one in 1938, and three in 1948.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMbWn6IiuWmpTnwR0m_ErH7crtp0o_2FDhyci02S3Q8P_mnAuzpYzOYyirzQfDgRp5AsX4vz9kSxlAjSlCi-olDxAK3QlV1KE7477TsjkX9CTuPYRJkKLBhiTV3u3NVrfNUAVldG-Ma0Ee/s1600/lar+little+big+book+1934.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMbWn6IiuWmpTnwR0m_ErH7crtp0o_2FDhyci02S3Q8P_mnAuzpYzOYyirzQfDgRp5AsX4vz9kSxlAjSlCi-olDxAK3QlV1KE7477TsjkX9CTuPYRJkKLBhiTV3u3NVrfNUAVldG-Ma0Ee/s400/lar+little+big+book+1934.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Big Books</b>, by the Saalfield Publishing Co., were rivals to Whitman's <b>Big Little Books</b>. They beat Big Little Books to the punch with this item, from 1934</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHuEyhXRn-SeI2gNXGzyi2H5FM97zCDk3rJaAaP1Y0GKi-8sB9R5Hq72TF9oIWALMzyUl5tiRwAdiYeixi7QaooQ7REgYneD-lp6RUBE-MMhKwITOCWwyMd0CiFXYE1OpXoS3rrEnshfqg/s1600/orphan+house+mint.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="864" data-original-width="695" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHuEyhXRn-SeI2gNXGzyi2H5FM97zCDk3rJaAaP1Y0GKi-8sB9R5Hq72TF9oIWALMzyUl5tiRwAdiYeixi7QaooQ7REgYneD-lp6RUBE-MMhKwITOCWwyMd0CiFXYE1OpXoS3rrEnshfqg/s400/orphan+house+mint.jpg" width="321" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney And The Orphan House</b> (1936), from Big Little Books</span></i><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">(#1117 / GW150)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhONu_2EfKgHszIpIexiqePT-0Jr_WlAoB6Zyecyz9IdpkkWR3EIQGeBgOR7YNeVGF3bqRL3-k06akO2bqkDbZQGp6_W68IBp2S-26GKZIWdAM8TmV30NO0hNtRzMz_F_ssMWuaY6ASItW/s1600/orphan+house+bc+mint.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="864" data-original-width="700" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhONu_2EfKgHszIpIexiqePT-0Jr_WlAoB6Zyecyz9IdpkkWR3EIQGeBgOR7YNeVGF3bqRL3-k06akO2bqkDbZQGp6_W68IBp2S-26GKZIWdAM8TmV30NO0hNtRzMz_F_ssMWuaY6ASItW/s400/orphan+house+bc+mint.jpg" width="323" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Orphan House</b>, back cover</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi4k1OoRmmnz9VGirSAWxZZ3bbULDNlJrKa86hUBz9-3S9JCkkhc6fYrYCaKbFVUTVY0gb2CEzqdpPQD0vuk2yR-Xh6Rx5P9n8w_781kNCnkXvkghC2JoeTuwDxGTn23OMPRFdDcviUjxe/s1600/annie+rooney+highway+to+adventure.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi4k1OoRmmnz9VGirSAWxZZ3bbULDNlJrKa86hUBz9-3S9JCkkhc6fYrYCaKbFVUTVY0gb2CEzqdpPQD0vuk2yR-Xh6Rx5P9n8w_781kNCnkXvkghC2JoeTuwDxGTn23OMPRFdDcviUjxe/s400/annie+rooney+highway+to+adventure.jpg" width="340" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney On The Highway To Adventure</b> (1938), from Big Little Books (#1406 / GW189)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Highway to Adventure</b> (spine)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Feature Books</b> #11, March 1938. This Little Annie Rooney comic book contained black and white reprints from the newspaper strip</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIksc0i4qN6SPVFJoigjzBczyY3sus5hA35EokjKulqOoKlx4pogEQ-En0VqN14FPZFuIvr_drdU3ugKVlZLDfXyPeOmbeJ0ziDSqFMBDksEMa0fgERZxkfZaRwgN2xrlQFxPh2N6RGRs_/s1600/annie+comic.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIksc0i4qN6SPVFJoigjzBczyY3sus5hA35EokjKulqOoKlx4pogEQ-En0VqN14FPZFuIvr_drdU3ugKVlZLDfXyPeOmbeJ0ziDSqFMBDksEMa0fgERZxkfZaRwgN2xrlQFxPh2N6RGRs_/s1600/annie+comic.JPG" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney</b> #1, August 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney</b> #2, September 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnusz_Vzh0MTbhf7u65_NihuviFjDuakhl82kSspBLO4mBxn2IJdiH3lMXr5XKdwIz_U2NRdtlAWDv7r3JDgQyvJCCEqlvxTob7J7UgisXmTeq6ZlgnN2HnroFYOgxHGKj54rJLw0wqwAV/s1600/little+annie+rooney+%233+october+1948.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnusz_Vzh0MTbhf7u65_NihuviFjDuakhl82kSspBLO4mBxn2IJdiH3lMXr5XKdwIz_U2NRdtlAWDv7r3JDgQyvJCCEqlvxTob7J7UgisXmTeq6ZlgnN2HnroFYOgxHGKj54rJLw0wqwAV/s400/little+annie+rooney+%233+october+1948.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney</b> #3, October 1948</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV1_iiwxbtdeVpnmyf3fo6H-tr9yrvIAHvuUcgK1UBRM9AP0YWow9K1rLjJv03CHpUBiRdDNf2chg2ySCPh_IiPQ73CXGgDc0DbWWbLWi9vLyO2_pJMeKbpzND_dOVDk0nVz92RCRX29y4/s1600/treasury+of+comics+1948+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV1_iiwxbtdeVpnmyf3fo6H-tr9yrvIAHvuUcgK1UBRM9AP0YWow9K1rLjJv03CHpUBiRdDNf2chg2ySCPh_IiPQ73CXGgDc0DbWWbLWi9vLyO2_pJMeKbpzND_dOVDk0nVz92RCRX29y4/s1600/treasury+of+comics+1948+b.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>A Treasury of Comics</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> (1948). It wasn't unusual for a comic book company to recoup some of its losses by removing the covers from remaindered copies and repackaging them. St. John took it to a whole new level by binding 16 titles into a massive 500-page hard cover tome, which sold for a dollar. Seen here on the cover with <b>Annie</b> and <b>Zero</b> are <b>Little Audrey</b> and her friend, <b>Patches</b>; <b>Sarge</b> (the boy in the blue cap), a minor feature in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Little Audrey</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> comics; <b>Ella Cinders</b> and her kid brother, <b>Blackie</b>; <b>Mopsy</b>; <b>Abbott and Costello</b>; and probably <b>the Texan</b>.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE3YyqYeKfNkMzerMqCvBcZbtDzuHtqAR8OW-xwbEuFB28T6FX0YFWaIdHNNiLU9NYLCkvhMJiWtUvS5U6afS2NvS9DqbX8rP0Mce5H4067SC_Di26YnQOw-d2Zxdos-vadXT4bjYjWLUf/s1600/family+funnies+%231+-+1950.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE3YyqYeKfNkMzerMqCvBcZbtDzuHtqAR8OW-xwbEuFB28T6FX0YFWaIdHNNiLU9NYLCkvhMJiWtUvS5U6afS2NvS9DqbX8rP0Mce5H4067SC_Di26YnQOw-d2Zxdos-vadXT4bjYjWLUf/s1600/family+funnies+%231+-+1950.jpg" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Family Funnies</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> #1. Annie, pictured at the bottom, appeared in all eight issues of this Harvey comic from September 1950 to April 1951. Comprised of numerous King Features characters, no one had more than a page devoted to them in each issue.</span></i></td></tr>
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In 1934 McClure, along with writer George Gerry, began a Sunday feature called DONNIE, leaving Annie's Sunday adventures to another artist, Nicholas Afonsky. DONNIE didn't last long, but there was enough material that a collection of the strips, titled DONNIE AND THE PIRATES, was published a year later.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_jbXCrAyx9mMForNXBxpj-yA9ey5E9kowA-oAF5a1ikcf_9QmVGBsBI8Rl2wtm1GyKAjOkU6v5fmKTlTYVwp8Jw7tf8oAMh6uYkq-5vIu0-DcPBDq1Clr0aVovUSI83c1_I7jIBObxMAF/s1600/afonsky+hearst+birthday.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_jbXCrAyx9mMForNXBxpj-yA9ey5E9kowA-oAF5a1ikcf_9QmVGBsBI8Rl2wtm1GyKAjOkU6v5fmKTlTYVwp8Jw7tf8oAMh6uYkq-5vIu0-DcPBDq1Clr0aVovUSI83c1_I7jIBObxMAF/s400/afonsky+hearst+birthday.jpg" width="287" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Little Annie Rooney</b>, original watercolour art by Nicholas Afonsky, 1942. From the Hearst birthday book</span></i></td></tr>
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A talented illustrator, Nicholas Afonsky was born "abt 1892" (according to censuses taken in 1930 and 1940) in Russia, and moved to the U.S. in 1917. He began working in comics as an assistant, followed by short stints on various obscure strips, such as FAMOUS LOVE ROMANCES, IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN and CONQUEST OF THE AIR.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgujGJvE5kD_HpO7VJzQe75maCj2Bnf-O8Y6jP1KShw-BsxV369laH1m_5IemlC2kgcCHbehBGorMwmBkuouJqj8UXF9agIjeU0zn9wLdAdx24eEwKhRnJmXVgvduo2sAKhVkjfsdFNxaNS/s1600/annie+rooney+sept+8+1935+afonsky.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgujGJvE5kD_HpO7VJzQe75maCj2Bnf-O8Y6jP1KShw-BsxV369laH1m_5IemlC2kgcCHbehBGorMwmBkuouJqj8UXF9agIjeU0zn9wLdAdx24eEwKhRnJmXVgvduo2sAKhVkjfsdFNxaNS/s400/annie+rooney+sept+8+1935+afonsky.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday, original art by Nicholas Afonsky, September 8, 1935</span></i></td></tr>
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But it is for the LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY Sundays that Afonsky is remembered, as well as a spin-off strip, MING FOO, also written by Brandon Walsh. Ming Foo, a Chinese stereotype typical of the day, was introduced by Walsh and McClure in 1933, before being award his own title in 1934. Afonsky drew MING FOO and LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY until his death June 16, 1943.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHh79UFAgG4kVixulNPJQW9bbnq6vhV39NgXEwnSgsxhGShDcweK4KUOTm5dzKm9znwNmRsyV_whjKfLABuo1ENmdBB0ecpJnJ01NRMbwZNO2lklPYpePhdZBgXY9uk9tpdXje0lbq45ot/s1600/annie+rooney+december+26,+1937.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHh79UFAgG4kVixulNPJQW9bbnq6vhV39NgXEwnSgsxhGShDcweK4KUOTm5dzKm9znwNmRsyV_whjKfLABuo1ENmdBB0ecpJnJ01NRMbwZNO2lklPYpePhdZBgXY9uk9tpdXje0lbq45ot/s400/annie+rooney+december+26,+1937.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Beautiful winter scene by Afonsky, December 26, 1937</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1vpGFyjTmWTOqFSgOK9wri3z8XGqduujA_aYtPgv30ZSzIoLxd9UqxdipLTPGL-woT2KZ73iTdHLSl-pig5Te5tOGgDFJl2c0I34fMwvVtK3s6FObFxwPw3_E_a9e-jtWcJPeM-quWLjy/s1600/little+annie+rooney+oct+30,+1938.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1vpGFyjTmWTOqFSgOK9wri3z8XGqduujA_aYtPgv30ZSzIoLxd9UqxdipLTPGL-woT2KZ73iTdHLSl-pig5Te5tOGgDFJl2c0I34fMwvVtK3s6FObFxwPw3_E_a9e-jtWcJPeM-quWLjy/s400/little+annie+rooney+oct+30,+1938.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday by Afonsky, October 30, 1938</span></i></td></tr>
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With Afonsky's demise, MING FOO was cancelled, and Darrell McClure resumed drawing Annie's Sunday strip. He was the artist on both dailies and Sundays for the next 23 years. In fact, when Brandon Walsh died January 13, 1955 following an abdominal operation, McClure became the writer, too, making him the sole creator of Annie's adventures until 1966, when the strip ended. (In some papers, Walsh's byline on ANNIE continued for years.)<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwdxaPmoEzNg3DkFqvTggeVoOp1VWzVDM1ul9nMuSPLlio8svP6ql2zOtxE4lw_NDHT8qGIDMzUCyoBvZa0n_bxrBYgH9EBhksuIsiFomNmaauDe1pAQkM4nZ-iZ3Bf0b5N565QzHW4jZy/s1600/sweet+sixteen.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwdxaPmoEzNg3DkFqvTggeVoOp1VWzVDM1ul9nMuSPLlio8svP6ql2zOtxE4lw_NDHT8qGIDMzUCyoBvZa0n_bxrBYgH9EBhksuIsiFomNmaauDe1pAQkM4nZ-iZ3Bf0b5N565QzHW4jZy/s1600/sweet+sixteen.jpg" width="252" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Prophetic words: Annie may have been around for 39
years, but she never saw her 16th birthday. From a 1962 booklet
celebrating 16 years of the <b>American Association of Cartoonists</b></span></i></td></tr>
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McClure wrote in a letter dated March 31, 1968: "Two years ago I asked to be released from my contract after the Sunday folded due to the folding of so many papers. I started 'Annie' in 1930 or 31 and I'd had deadline living long enough. When I quit the syndicate decided to drop the strip." Annie's final Sunday appearance was on May 23, 1965, followed a year later by her last daily, Saturday April 16, 1966. It ended with the promise of Annie finally being adopted by some loving couple.<br />
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Being a sailor, McClure had taken every occasion to include boats in LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY: rowboats, sailboats, barges, etc. -- all expertly and accurately delineated. He was also a regular contributor since 1924 to YACHTING, a popular sailing magazine, illustrating articles and stories. He described himself as a "rabid yachtsman", and he often sailed or lived on the yacht he owned. McClure continued to draw and paint until his death in 1987. He'd never lost his love for Annie, either, and occasionally made sketches of her during the last 20 years of his life.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaHBe-VghWSl8ht_rwA1owUw_Lxf6VWylR7NMJh20brKVzDb75YF1mqOWt1cSXlg35IQ2Mkqfq21GHoDwbXtVKkr31jqiGrGkfMJZH4m4Oim0o1qQMLJSxC6kXdtcQvSiQF30WRc0hoLsQ/s1600/annie+rooney+march+20,+1949.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaHBe-VghWSl8ht_rwA1owUw_Lxf6VWylR7NMJh20brKVzDb75YF1mqOWt1cSXlg35IQ2Mkqfq21GHoDwbXtVKkr31jqiGrGkfMJZH4m4Oim0o1qQMLJSxC6kXdtcQvSiQF30WRc0hoLsQ/s400/annie+rooney+march+20,+1949.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Annie Sunday by Darrell McClure, March 20, 1949</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoRgPv75GPAj3fM9g-p37dCb3KeIkdkvRCIubNSbSK7A9KVy9CBPFrZC65nIW8qasNIn22hyphenhyphenovmTHpDuSoUxtXmeDDKcFRfPDT3Gs-haCGwjWBKEwa55Ja9p8w127d7SYrine3u8Im4ieV/s1600/annie+rooney+college+mag+1942.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoRgPv75GPAj3fM9g-p37dCb3KeIkdkvRCIubNSbSK7A9KVy9CBPFrZC65nIW8qasNIn22hyphenhyphenovmTHpDuSoUxtXmeDDKcFRfPDT3Gs-haCGwjWBKEwa55Ja9p8w127d7SYrine3u8Im4ieV/s400/annie+rooney+college+mag+1942.jpg" width="377" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original art by McClure; from the University of Missouri's <b>Showme</b> magazine, 1942</span></i></td></tr>
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There was probably no character in comics who was kinder or more congenial or more selfless than Annie Rooney. She would stroll for days along a dirt road with nothing but the clothes on her back and Zero by her side, emboldened by eternal optimism. Her good nature won the hearts of many whose lives she wandered into. "You gotta admit," she once opined, "that this is a swell world an' that there is a lotta swell people still livin' in it."<br />
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She had little formal education and suffered many misfortunes, but Annie always had pearls of wisdom: "You gotta hand it to that flower -- it's been stepped on an' kicked into the gutter -- but it don't care -- it goes on smelling sweet..."<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4O2MBCJl62CsitVSspLXcuB1Gum6jLVbyBDlHJwahah1oMrIUZO8DGhtlfFmjvkc_-sTS5d-USYlnrc84kB-9zn9Jv6znYLw0P_lFc3yTit6B0ZX0lhNenoMTVzBg14IPTburfhZWAFJ9/s1600/mcclure+sketch2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4O2MBCJl62CsitVSspLXcuB1Gum6jLVbyBDlHJwahah1oMrIUZO8DGhtlfFmjvkc_-sTS5d-USYlnrc84kB-9zn9Jv6znYLw0P_lFc3yTit6B0ZX0lhNenoMTVzBg14IPTburfhZWAFJ9/s400/mcclure+sketch2.jpg" width="378" /></a></div>
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<i>(Read more about Annie <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.ca/2014/03/little-annie-rooney-les-editions.html"><u>here</u></a>)</i><br />
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-91213155482746909782013-06-27T18:50:00.020-04:002024-02-25T08:19:28.038-05:00Heidi Saha: Addendum<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP7dGlbvOBKuG2gqzV-mq6sda8wXXj1S_ReHrZo1zcE946x0Is71rZrL3JmhzUQgC-TGMY9HUx_4HJx1YdDohoNglrwvEQvjNivpGfsbZeXQ2qeiuxTV12akr2HL8HhmkRUtGXm9iVjB6T/s1600/heidi+and+forry+1970.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1319" data-original-width="1063" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP7dGlbvOBKuG2gqzV-mq6sda8wXXj1S_ReHrZo1zcE946x0Is71rZrL3JmhzUQgC-TGMY9HUx_4HJx1YdDohoNglrwvEQvjNivpGfsbZeXQ2qeiuxTV12akr2HL8HhmkRUtGXm9iVjB6T/s320/heidi+and+forry+1970.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Forry may have some really cool monster pins on his suit, but 11-year-old Heidi is cute as a button! Here she's displaying a copy of Forry's </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND</span><span style="font-size: small;"> #62</span><i style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;"> (February 1970). This photo, taken at </span></i><b style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">LunaCon 13</span></b><i style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">, held April 10th, 11th and 12th, 1970 at New York's Hotel McAlpin, was later used in an issue of </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">FAMOUS MONSTERS</span><i style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">.</span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: small;">The following is presented as a companion piece to an earlier post, <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.ca/2010/01/much-of-whats-written-about-heidi-saha.html"><i>An Illustrated History of Heidi Saha</i></a>, consisting mostly of images and information excluded from that article for lack of relevance.</span><br />
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It's unlikely that there's anyone out there who collects Heidi Saha "memorabilia", but if you are that person, and you want your Heidi collection to be <i>completely completed</i> to its <i>completest completion</i>...then you've come to the wrong place.<br />
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By the 1960s and '70s, when Heidi was actively involved in science fiction and comic book conventions, countless thousands of fanzines (over a hundred devoted to STAR TREK alone) were being produced. Some were of a high quality; others were printed on spirit duplicators, the purple ink having faded into oblivion long ago. Unless you're omniscient, it's impossible to ascertain how many of these rare, lost or forgotten treasures included a photo of Heidi taken at one of the conventions, or any amount of info regarding her appearance, be it a passing reference, an anecdote, a quote, a detailed report on a costume contest, or just a list of who was in attendance.<br />
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Let these few items, then -- some popular, some obscure -- be a start.</div>
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<br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq1reHwdypwWs7vqXx470QU666pFkxWube5KPdg1pRB_meBK_dGVKt2eHwXV_9VTEl-g1A7YNaXRevKiULK24-Ka1g3XcK5SFg88SZaOKURoiSm4T1Z6dvPSFrzKqBz2o1yjgj9_a-s6_JB9JAuAcpoGsWJDWxaNZ4cUSha0v10nq8ShhWlktkfb1P_Q/s1643/convention%20annual%20no.%203.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1643" data-original-width="1245" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq1reHwdypwWs7vqXx470QU666pFkxWube5KPdg1pRB_meBK_dGVKt2eHwXV_9VTEl-g1A7YNaXRevKiULK24-Ka1g3XcK5SFg88SZaOKURoiSm4T1Z6dvPSFrzKqBz2o1yjgj9_a-s6_JB9JAuAcpoGsWJDWxaNZ4cUSha0v10nq8ShhWlktkfb1P_Q/w303-h400/convention%20annual%20no.%203.jpg" width="303" /></a></div><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3e6uVW00RiOdtbk3Pa84oeKT2LNn7iFicKRvCfjp5oNoviVuVpTe_kFWC6FMdU6He3ST0V-YnIdS_aTrZ1P3kypQwtolzt2NkOUdC8j8sbHD5M7Yfq2W1hvErtYooec6EW3kR0tGVHbpacETert7aHHOrHNVjIkWqYbL-yI_jhDwzDVzVSQsBAqbi4Q/s1138/convention%20annual%20no.%203%20heidi%20saha.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="894" data-original-width="1138" height="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3e6uVW00RiOdtbk3Pa84oeKT2LNn7iFicKRvCfjp5oNoviVuVpTe_kFWC6FMdU6He3ST0V-YnIdS_aTrZ1P3kypQwtolzt2NkOUdC8j8sbHD5M7Yfq2W1hvErtYooec6EW3kR0tGVHbpacETert7aHHOrHNVjIkWqYbL-yI_jhDwzDVzVSQsBAqbi4Q/w400-h314/convention%20annual%20no.%203%20heidi%20saha.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CONVENTION ANNUAL NO. 3, published in 1964 by Jay Kay Klein. Coverage
of Discon I, the 21st World Science Fiction Convention, held in
Washington DC, August 31 to September 2. Photo number 193 in this
104-page fanzine shows Heidi and mother Taimi (misspelled "Thimi")
getting an autograph from writer/editor Hans Stefan Santesson.</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirPuOf8Qt50rJR3Nv2avhyphenhyphenVbWJrW231QY5I8CmuXbjoT1K3yKrA_fK2XTGJBiYLwMZppxuuGOy8R6OGgL3LUHHXhyIdKeUNz5hbGIBMvg-71hJfqsqNXuktAb9Nk_oWqkbitMsUbXhAPmI/s1600/famous+monsters+%2365.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirPuOf8Qt50rJR3Nv2avhyphenhyphenVbWJrW231QY5I8CmuXbjoT1K3yKrA_fK2XTGJBiYLwMZppxuuGOy8R6OGgL3LUHHXhyIdKeUNz5hbGIBMvg-71hJfqsqNXuktAb9Nk_oWqkbitMsUbXhAPmI/s1600/famous+monsters+%2365.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND #65 (May 1970). Heidi appears with Forrest Ackerman (see photo at top) in the <i>Professor Gruebeard</i> ("The World's Oldest Answer Man") section, which debuted this issue.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5F8uB9Pg36p-yl3MLeCRG6x8EQ2rYkKNlEYBg67Iw3_ZzY97G0xcRnxiFbMuLAyIiXue3p-8diMlaUJcI5u0KebZpPRFtl1PQb4tqGJkE3i3RjLLXJNjgxiBmcVxt4L14Q9SJj6aMdIOB/s1600/heidi+and+forry+famous+monsters+%252365+may+1970.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5F8uB9Pg36p-yl3MLeCRG6x8EQ2rYkKNlEYBg67Iw3_ZzY97G0xcRnxiFbMuLAyIiXue3p-8diMlaUJcI5u0KebZpPRFtl1PQb4tqGJkE3i3RjLLXJNjgxiBmcVxt4L14Q9SJj6aMdIOB/s400/heidi+and+forry+famous+monsters+%252365+may+1970.jpg" width="157" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">From FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND #65 (May 1970)</span></td></tr>
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</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJDUiatw9KMt68mAvcEJPIVxtxFEkWoVsxZUxLPxNsp5wCsA_LYr6C-UeovtmOgRBDvUTjyO4PvRKQeqM5NLR1FI_AgOIARhfaDjPtV-h20ctfW-O-AHciwVX3-PBXv9-jtru3Azdzw4veDM6VmcwepNSXd37tUz3m4xdSuuourobQ8iszxdl0HM_g8ukf/s600/Famous%20Monsters%20of%20Filmland%20065%20May%201970%20heidi%20poem2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="280" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJDUiatw9KMt68mAvcEJPIVxtxFEkWoVsxZUxLPxNsp5wCsA_LYr6C-UeovtmOgRBDvUTjyO4PvRKQeqM5NLR1FI_AgOIARhfaDjPtV-h20ctfW-O-AHciwVX3-PBXv9-jtru3Azdzw4veDM6VmcwepNSXd37tUz3m4xdSuuourobQ8iszxdl0HM_g8ukf/w186-h400/Famous%20Monsters%20of%20Filmland%20065%20May%201970%20heidi%20poem2.jpg" width="186" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">In the same issue of FAMOUS MONSTERS, a poem by Heidi was printed in the "Amateur Fans Monstrosities" section on page 63<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5aamMHMfFCko8QxbR9re9kWQWw0Ij-BzjE9ubpWYxEC50PwTcuHNRh0YjPMCSZrYwSm5iaM6i-l3VHa7yROUkmoLcADXDPldpbV4pG_nLh9qLSaOnaALiIRssGZjDyeiuxSeAuvyw4WiW/s1600/ffs+%232+heidi+saha+1971.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5aamMHMfFCko8QxbR9re9kWQWw0Ij-BzjE9ubpWYxEC50PwTcuHNRh0YjPMCSZrYwSm5iaM6i-l3VHa7yROUkmoLcADXDPldpbV4pG_nLh9qLSaOnaALiIRssGZjDyeiuxSeAuvyw4WiW/s1600/ffs+%232+heidi+saha+1971.jpg" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Heidi looks like she's ready to shoot her rivals.
FANTASTIC FANZINE SPECIAL #2 (1972) devoted a page to the costume
contest at the 1971 <i>New York Comic Art Convention</i>, held July 2-4 at the Statler-Hilton Hotel. 12-year-old Heidi won 3rd prize for her en-<i>deer-</i>ing Wilma Deering costume. Future comics artist Mike Zeck won top prize with his Black Bolt leotard. So you defeated a <i>little girl</i>, Mike. Are you proud? (Actually, the blame goes to the three judges: Jim Steranko, Gardner Fox and Kirk "Superman" Alyn.)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpgx4mHziJhJrR62e9SNZ2wuQFlm-kKBo5uw-1Yvymwfi_uYfFyEEco3SvcmeSG9cTC3z_e6f-XNqzqnYjC0wHrItGVg_spAyXV-taViDuFete-icizAR0M8E4e5853NzIBOtToVvbZsB7/s1600/heidi+sheena+1972b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpgx4mHziJhJrR62e9SNZ2wuQFlm-kKBo5uw-1Yvymwfi_uYfFyEEco3SvcmeSG9cTC3z_e6f-XNqzqnYjC0wHrItGVg_spAyXV-taViDuFete-icizAR0M8E4e5853NzIBOtToVvbZsB7/s1600/heidi+sheena+1972b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Heidi (as Sheena) in one of two photos of her used in RAGNAROK #2 (1972), for an article covering the <i>New York Comic Art Convention</i>, held at the Statler-Hilton Hotel July 1 to July 5, 1972. According to the report, Mark Collins (publisher and editor of RAGNAROK) won 1st place in the costume contest as Mister Miracle, Heidi took 2nd, and Harvey Sobel 3rd as the Green Arrow. Jim Steranko, Denny O'Neil and Tom Watkins were the judges.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLxU8-8qqAoHbCt_tLyLIrU1Q6dckvGxkG1Yikz3qdgXDOKXU97rhJi4LeFHgtfGdtrHHnsaHb8WFXfvoFspSyep2Qmki2rLaJThQYYT-ceeHixwpaueR9sWKbokmHv2JmyV4ig1YGbtmp/s478/heidi+saha+-+rebirth+fanzine.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLxU8-8qqAoHbCt_tLyLIrU1Q6dckvGxkG1Yikz3qdgXDOKXU97rhJi4LeFHgtfGdtrHHnsaHb8WFXfvoFspSyep2Qmki2rLaJThQYYT-ceeHixwpaueR9sWKbokmHv2JmyV4ig1YGbtmp/s400/heidi+saha+-+rebirth+fanzine.jpg" width="325" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The first issue of the fanzine, REBIRTH (April 1973), covered the 2nd annual <i>International Star Trek</i> <i>Convention</i>, held at the Commodore Hotel February 16-19. It also featured a Heidi Saha centrefold. This time the 14-year-old was dressed as <b>Shahna</b>, from the STAR TREK episode <i>The Gamesters of</i> <i>Triskelion</i>. (Angelique Pettyjohn originally played the spear-wielding warrior woman.)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-wGgz222Da-f_uoKtK0YbE4wsvZDqNYjjgkFI4HlYOdCzOfYIAr5tTmMJosKeS89Up9LqrfBxXntCE1n5Poojjzvp_RVYbd3F8CS-hivIBNGDk5bPNzhv1jikVSmmEc2Qxegj_9H7aOvs/s1600/heidi+with+james+warren+famous+monsters.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="797" data-original-width="1150" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-wGgz222Da-f_uoKtK0YbE4wsvZDqNYjjgkFI4HlYOdCzOfYIAr5tTmMJosKeS89Up9LqrfBxXntCE1n5Poojjzvp_RVYbd3F8CS-hivIBNGDk5bPNzhv1jikVSmmEc2Qxegj_9H7aOvs/s400/heidi+with+james+warren+famous+monsters.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This photo appeared in the 100th issue of FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND (August 1973), though it was obviously taken at some convention or other years earlier. Heidi was also acknowledged in this issue as one of "a number of individuals who thru the years have extended services to FM above & beyond the Call of Duty."</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 1973 <i>New York Comic Art Convention</i> programme was a hundred pages thick and sported a cover by Russell Meyers, with <b>Broom Hilda</b> dressed as Vampirella. (The immeasurably prettier Miss Saha had nothing to worry about from <i>this</i> contestant.) Also shown is the cover of the previous year's programme, produced by the staff at Warren (as the cover attests), and, contrary to the credits, it's possible this book was also produced by Warren, which contained a number of plugs for them. Notably, there was a special place in the book for Heidi's autograph.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5EDKJpMLphyphenhyphenXNbIENAHWihkBCwuvYFBPTbSYMPSrdNkA0WdoJ1_f5gYXYsx9RK0WEIQJvfjdBBBeaI4OeLBJxvhFt0HXukqGvmzdB5f9QEMpX1HsdUP1UChUfP_hvQxsotuLfyskjbgzO/s1600/heidi+comic+art+convention+1973.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="622" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5EDKJpMLphyphenhyphenXNbIENAHWihkBCwuvYFBPTbSYMPSrdNkA0WdoJ1_f5gYXYsx9RK0WEIQJvfjdBBBeaI4OeLBJxvhFt0HXukqGvmzdB5f9QEMpX1HsdUP1UChUfP_hvQxsotuLfyskjbgzO/s400/heidi+comic+art+convention+1973.jpg" width="388" /></a></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Heidi made the "news" in the <i>New York Sunday News</i> (July 15, 1973), following her appearance as Vampirella at the <i>New York Comic Art Convention</i>, organised by Phil Seuling.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoCX9QYiGVSmdUQ1PIHIyZyxnrRqwYs0wC1U2pGpwLwa4W0nQuQBn8mfSDBtw84i_1BVyRKkuFHKVKMLKKiSTA7dcujOJ7E4tUWNLnw9egEvqw-dZNj06VMLtUK8kFO_Un7BMKT3C9BhC1/s1286/heidi+cover+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoCX9QYiGVSmdUQ1PIHIyZyxnrRqwYs0wC1U2pGpwLwa4W0nQuQBn8mfSDBtw84i_1BVyRKkuFHKVKMLKKiSTA7dcujOJ7E4tUWNLnw9egEvqw-dZNj06VMLtUK8kFO_Un7BMKT3C9BhC1/s400/heidi+cover+2.jpg" width="310" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">AN ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF HEIDI SAHA (discussed at length elsewhere on this blog) was assembled by Forry Ackerman and sent off to the printer prior to Heidi's summer 1973 appearances as Vampirella at the <i>New York Comic Art Convention</i> and <i>TorCon 2</i>. In a moment of whimsy Ackerman wrote, <i>"Wouldn't she be a wow as Vampirella?"</i> How much is this scarce item worth today? Well, every day you'd have to crawl through a mile-long tunnel past the ragged orphans pushing cartloads of coal and swing a pickaxe in a mine; and, in a few months, maybe -- just <i>maybe</i> -- the paymaster will give you enough to afford a copy.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZWd2xPseBl0Y-vNK7v6aCPW5r7a_lX4yB4WGtB6O_UPlwKPQezP0XgLxtOE7pgczM4UDrsrug4Dz38iZmO1Zlk-Ve7_P8ZrCabT5ztkovSVgNRKvde6AoLK7d7J1JQg856ZDqebXxvPsb/s1600/heidi+saha+warren+poster+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZWd2xPseBl0Y-vNK7v6aCPW5r7a_lX4yB4WGtB6O_UPlwKPQezP0XgLxtOE7pgczM4UDrsrug4Dz38iZmO1Zlk-Ve7_P8ZrCabT5ztkovSVgNRKvde6AoLK7d7J1JQg856ZDqebXxvPsb/s1600/heidi+saha+warren+poster+2.jpg" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Warren also offered this fabulous 2-foot by 3-foot black and white poster of 13-year-old Heidi dressed as <b>Sheena, Queen of the Jungle</b>, as she appeared at the 1972 <i>New York Comic Art Convention</i>. Six square feet of Heidi is large enough tapestry to insulate the cold stone walls of your castle.</span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRQ2VDOvCekLhLvawVr4zjjIFEIVsBAr7IoNLWX8CQCo9bk8DaMnHZOTrLXOEcz16BLkIZXx7wRXWaKvFsO6HgSf8mg65nCNGTNcSSC2SUTICXCAofTAIKlyOXCLTel_CN74hroFEfLsMD/s387/vampirella+archives+5.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRQ2VDOvCekLhLvawVr4zjjIFEIVsBAr7IoNLWX8CQCo9bk8DaMnHZOTrLXOEcz16BLkIZXx7wRXWaKvFsO6HgSf8mg65nCNGTNcSSC2SUTICXCAofTAIKlyOXCLTel_CN74hroFEfLsMD/s400/vampirella+archives+5.jpg" width="310" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEcS86UvkHEsD-uyJcZ-NecQJY8sB5KOIHV8eclX5nwfIdcCJSoXI0LJLRzdU4xSC4WI5x9VcN3TL82dLULjSgfFypZF9iLQ5-GIZutNpxImiMGsV-9o4Mmk_52x09wVuFjeFyp1KFOuSC/s1600/two+vampirellas+stun.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEcS86UvkHEsD-uyJcZ-NecQJY8sB5KOIHV8eclX5nwfIdcCJSoXI0LJLRzdU4xSC4WI5x9VcN3TL82dLULjSgfFypZF9iLQ5-GIZutNpxImiMGsV-9o4Mmk_52x09wVuFjeFyp1KFOuSC/s400/two+vampirellas+stun.jpg" width="292" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This 1-page article originally appeared in VAMPIRELLA #29 (November 1973), to coincide with the ads for the Heidi book and poster, which ran for over half a year. The article subsequently appeared in CREEPY #58 (December 1973) and EERIE #53 (January 1974), and can be seen again in the hefty VAMPIRELLA ARCHIVES Vol. 5 (2012).</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLhWU9hCQLiUGLa2zV1KpzrMGGfUOinCTudDJqOT3yE8pz424Fha1UzT1uzEG5dsnnZrPejHdTQWArVWtcNqWK4Wsu7kp6QYPA5oRfS6nviteRZAqwDygPL20610ZqJKks6gr6rrSaCEJB/s1600/monster+times+%252326+1973+heidi+saha.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="814" data-original-width="1200" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLhWU9hCQLiUGLa2zV1KpzrMGGfUOinCTudDJqOT3yE8pz424Fha1UzT1uzEG5dsnnZrPejHdTQWArVWtcNqWK4Wsu7kp6QYPA5oRfS6nviteRZAqwDygPL20610ZqJKks6gr6rrSaCEJB/s400/monster+times+%252326+1973+heidi+saha.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Yet another article covering the two Vampirellas at the 1973 Comic Art Convention, this one from THE MONSTER TIMES (September 1973), an absolutely fun (and funny) tabloid devoted to horror, fantasy, science fiction and comics.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">ROCKET'S BLAST / COMICOLLECTOR #103 (October 1973) featured a report on the 1973 <i>New</i> <i>York Comic Art Convention</i>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5NfQRv5_qstiN-IMBe02hH1TFWNssl3PVPo5ECCXca1TPuAM-wNowFIoDsb2Ba2rWhVLFjAC-bIusHGCxFrc0LZES6trODr0_PgMMWs4KX2v7ngZ7X67HgGOiCfld_0N_zHgRQo4BlbFb/s611/rune+33+inside+cover+bloch+saha2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5NfQRv5_qstiN-IMBe02hH1TFWNssl3PVPo5ECCXca1TPuAM-wNowFIoDsb2Ba2rWhVLFjAC-bIusHGCxFrc0LZES6trODr0_PgMMWs4KX2v7ngZ7X67HgGOiCfld_0N_zHgRQo4BlbFb/s400/rune+33+inside+cover+bloch+saha2.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">RUNE #33 (November 1973), another fanzine, contained lots of pics from <i>TorCon 2</i> (<i>WorldCon 31</i>), held at Toronto's gigantic Royal York Hotel. On the inside front cover is a photo of Heidi sicking her pet bat on <b>Robert Bloch</b>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWH0sW-6KsuySopdrdW3mt97_52Xl8COv259O-0jKcsvMSUkPFK8Tr0_iDWl9ZUrz9mfvAHtMudDDB8DTJOUvk36HOizlBXTOvQEkRfU5nz4QSx1WUsLa91I-dQeE5wubydH7xW9eSGyHj/s1016/creation+1974.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWH0sW-6KsuySopdrdW3mt97_52Xl8COv259O-0jKcsvMSUkPFK8Tr0_iDWl9ZUrz9mfvAHtMudDDB8DTJOUvk36HOizlBXTOvQEkRfU5nz4QSx1WUsLa91I-dQeE5wubydH7xW9eSGyHj/s400/creation+1974.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The <i>Creation Convention </i>1974 programme contained the notorious poem attacking Heidi and her mom. To make matters worse, the text was accompanied by a photo of a young model from a skin mag. Understandably, Art Saha blew his top.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CHRONICLE #4 (February 1974); includes a page of photos from the 1973 <i>New York Comic Art Convention</i>, with Heidi in her Vampirella costume, scaring a kitten.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJCRpxP2ken_BA6TSz8d8ZMXBxs__WzjDtBMGYGB-F-YjttBbJdNXrfa-PmDeNpZY_CqJxCvyWqfCsCbVaFiGEgcIcHrIblD9xYL_F4bZzX501E1jxaCQogUcxug8ITQFJs_nFl1EvxaGx/s1544/rbcc+113.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJCRpxP2ken_BA6TSz8d8ZMXBxs__WzjDtBMGYGB-F-YjttBbJdNXrfa-PmDeNpZY_CqJxCvyWqfCsCbVaFiGEgcIcHrIblD9xYL_F4bZzX501E1jxaCQogUcxug8ITQFJs_nFl1EvxaGx/s400/rbcc+113.JPG" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">ROCKET'S BLAST / COMICOLLECTOR #113 (September 1974) reviewed AN ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF HEIDI SAHA.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0gwrN5JYyd_n2V8z3WJ8Yc2VEUlFQN45pD3auKR7jdEJTGx0nunxNhCPDJ-GqH-4p9slfQzbsoBqDKQHhH8YnLAUyNn5vzARn8pXvDxgf6HvRAKoA9tdrQE3Ocb-v2_qV4sUaOWH3Jwhd/s1600/e-man+%25235+nov+1974+cover.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0gwrN5JYyd_n2V8z3WJ8Yc2VEUlFQN45pD3auKR7jdEJTGx0nunxNhCPDJ-GqH-4p9slfQzbsoBqDKQHhH8YnLAUyNn5vzARn8pXvDxgf6HvRAKoA9tdrQE3Ocb-v2_qV4sUaOWH3Jwhd/s400/e-man+%25235+nov+1974+cover.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">In an interview in the Warren fanzine, SPOOKY #2 (2005), writer Nick Cuti confirmed that he based a character named "Heidi" on Heidi Saha in E-MAN #5 (November 1974): "Yes, the female character in 'The City Swallower' was based on Heidi Saha. I met the Sahas early in my career and found them to be charming people and great comic book fans. So, as a thank you for their kindness I made Heidi and her father into characters in an issue of E-MAN."</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKZwYAEpO_hL9BKetVtMbZKp74sHrp5sRfx82rqlFLmWBTbQX7EEG6LX17O-9W_hET373HAhnVrBBol7nYEUHERW2YfbxPdlbiM7bSWOOE7J2DjmuOnIgNUhKFFPcRIMzvs_1u_ftwc7Uj/s1600/e-man+%25235+nov+1974+pg+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKZwYAEpO_hL9BKetVtMbZKp74sHrp5sRfx82rqlFLmWBTbQX7EEG6LX17O-9W_hET373HAhnVrBBol7nYEUHERW2YfbxPdlbiM7bSWOOE7J2DjmuOnIgNUhKFFPcRIMzvs_1u_ftwc7Uj/s400/e-man+%25235+nov+1974+pg+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">E-Man meets Heidi in "The City Swallower", page 2 (art by
Joe Staton). That caption could almost have been written by Forry
Ackerman.</span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt7NiFwxFR4Xj3clKT0sE-8S4unYkONZZMYUgxFWXoqT11Nw5SXzDsW2eXjMYJaky8s9PuA7YA_TkUd4XmOIwl6HXvhk7f1QddbqJ88vlcDAtGnvpQxORdUEmmIZpmog0u7rKEQD_UoC5y/s1600/e-man+%25235+nov+1974+-+end.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt7NiFwxFR4Xj3clKT0sE-8S4unYkONZZMYUgxFWXoqT11Nw5SXzDsW2eXjMYJaky8s9PuA7YA_TkUd4XmOIwl6HXvhk7f1QddbqJ88vlcDAtGnvpQxORdUEmmIZpmog0u7rKEQD_UoC5y/s320/e-man+%25235+nov+1974+-+end.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhh3ykr9LeMQ5DVt5QsRtBs8okFHhe0Wu9dbuIXvQrLLPUVxIdeUxgQVpnQJReFXmhRIAcpyrPVbwMg0a-kH16bIH0j2vcQjNUzRxHfvpET-AOdmLJ98U_2wpMVr5zMAvNw7IP7BEIKQ1t/s1600/heidi+article+1974.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhh3ykr9LeMQ5DVt5QsRtBs8okFHhe0Wu9dbuIXvQrLLPUVxIdeUxgQVpnQJReFXmhRIAcpyrPVbwMg0a-kH16bIH0j2vcQjNUzRxHfvpET-AOdmLJ98U_2wpMVr5zMAvNw7IP7BEIKQ1t/s400/heidi+article+1974.jpg" width="230" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Unidentified Heidi article from 1974.</span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOPWLWNtrbaNlNIi-FhgdUc1eK9nLs5Y0pptgcREvHyHwrMC0wOwoh7Q9PDolC4O9OgFh6J5nFZFvuWrw1p0mp7IB-5lrAbV7eNAPEF_rB56xlBB7xiWm1jB-5qtQ04JpwitnAvNatdEuO/s1068/famous+monsters+115.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOPWLWNtrbaNlNIi-FhgdUc1eK9nLs5Y0pptgcREvHyHwrMC0wOwoh7Q9PDolC4O9OgFh6J5nFZFvuWrw1p0mp7IB-5lrAbV7eNAPEF_rB56xlBB7xiWm1jB-5qtQ04JpwitnAvNatdEuO/s400/famous+monsters+115.jpg" width="298" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyrDFT6Hmix8aHe1yJ14e2Ldgn7ANZR1eRDzV1F8fQLw4HLLN896czpRfL5b1SUxG60d73okRL9jFHdgFYw-Y512eUV4rvb7d1j_8jffPzX3gZGM711J7jc0oKQpAv4j3gXq_L-XPdzqjV/s1075/heidi+famous+monsters+115.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyrDFT6Hmix8aHe1yJ14e2Ldgn7ANZR1eRDzV1F8fQLw4HLLN896czpRfL5b1SUxG60d73okRL9jFHdgFYw-Y512eUV4rvb7d1j_8jffPzX3gZGM711J7jc0oKQpAv4j3gXq_L-XPdzqjV/s400/heidi+famous+monsters+115.jpg" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Heidi, this time shown with yet another Vampirella costumer, Charlene Brinkman (later, Brinke Stevens), in FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND #115 (April 1975). It's the same pic from VAMPIRELLA #29 a year and a half earlier, except this time the accompanying caption proclaims her "<i>the best live</i> <i>Vampirella ever seen!</i>" No argument here.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgyOS0hCQ36e-shFpVgZSXxeVoVBfseIwHLjs2JN71BSwjDJUFT9MPn-XS82EatlTTeWIZdBfuqbcS5m5GgaH19K18ONCo42XQLRW07sZBuVEEI9rtIxIGBkVM-ePtTnjM47cEi5GvgEiv/s1600/minus+273+degrees+celcius+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="744" data-original-width="1200" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgyOS0hCQ36e-shFpVgZSXxeVoVBfseIwHLjs2JN71BSwjDJUFT9MPn-XS82EatlTTeWIZdBfuqbcS5m5GgaH19K18ONCo42XQLRW07sZBuVEEI9rtIxIGBkVM-ePtTnjM47cEi5GvgEiv/s400/minus+273+degrees+celcius+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The elusive fanzine, MINUS 273 DEGREES CELSIUS #11 (1976), a special <b>Star Trek</b> issue, had an article titled <i>The Rise and Fall of Heidi Saha</i>.</span></td></tr>
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</div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"></div><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0Ww6QAwu0rcldfpBcpVavUl2aPckO5dN5CZQgCzDC68zOJvqGlxWqDxBYlYFUvtk71ZERcKt134fRXwJ8pLKjSOFrIoXVE8O81slfQ9tgR_rmqhVBvnBoWmbldFFeJMfOl7Nc-uky3efDalFzXhqAQoC1r8kRsVgTgGS5hrz92t20eQ4HchXOg94mUg/s1670/noreascon%20proceedings%20(1976).jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1670" data-original-width="1248" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0Ww6QAwu0rcldfpBcpVavUl2aPckO5dN5CZQgCzDC68zOJvqGlxWqDxBYlYFUvtk71ZERcKt134fRXwJ8pLKjSOFrIoXVE8O81slfQ9tgR_rmqhVBvnBoWmbldFFeJMfOl7Nc-uky3efDalFzXhqAQoC1r8kRsVgTgGS5hrz92t20eQ4HchXOg94mUg/w299-h400/noreascon%20proceedings%20(1976).jpg" width="299" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhYmSws3iNXlcki38nmGf2EznELlSIcdxsp_hfTZadgg6LSj9LR67lHACjx5wxeMFfTBptU3JNYQXwsdiljIVtTUKfAH3XU17faF3hcaTyyfxRHUO65Zmi1SGA005-cPy0V7DceHZ5dDnDruSN-sZwPWbAi9ofpZEDygvFDZI0UhOue7eGkJTt0R6nZQ/s1306/noreascon%20proceedings%20(1976)%20heidi%20saha%20as%20lakla.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1306" data-original-width="532" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhYmSws3iNXlcki38nmGf2EznELlSIcdxsp_hfTZadgg6LSj9LR67lHACjx5wxeMFfTBptU3JNYQXwsdiljIVtTUKfAH3XU17faF3hcaTyyfxRHUO65Zmi1SGA005-cPy0V7DceHZ5dDnDruSN-sZwPWbAi9ofpZEDygvFDZI0UhOue7eGkJTt0R6nZQ/w163-h400/noreascon%20proceedings%20(1976)%20heidi%20saha%20as%20lakla.jpg" width="163" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">THE NOREASCON PROCEEDINGS (August 1976) had a print run of 1300 copies, and consisted of transcripts from the 29th World Science Fiction Convention, held in Boston September 3-6, 1971. In the costume contest (junior division), Heidi won Best Interpretation for her Lakla costume, based on an illustration by Virgil Finlay for "The Moon Pool". Her photo appears near the end of the 192-page book.</span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcNcdvWAJZzNq2Tq5GJ-Bynwmcm-83b4W2A2tQlPEG0yV31ZvkCAnR6w2dI7QC0-LqK1sV0jyI98P-v9p6O5vsbHy9ZxqXS6_A5fCVvA5cHQFrhY4FX-fGhKvBzwnoX6mGtB3vUt7SPT_0/s1822/science+fiction+chronicle+may+1985+cover+2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1822" data-original-width="1276" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcNcdvWAJZzNq2Tq5GJ-Bynwmcm-83b4W2A2tQlPEG0yV31ZvkCAnR6w2dI7QC0-LqK1sV0jyI98P-v9p6O5vsbHy9ZxqXS6_A5fCVvA5cHQFrhY4FX-fGhKvBzwnoX6mGtB3vUt7SPT_0/w280-h400/science+fiction+chronicle+may+1985+cover+2.jpg" width="280" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiVhE8xnMZB9j4EWAPlYJukbqJic8CRVxAldeCW3EO3b85JbqSa1YquauVx6A69Z21C5025rw-RBvv9EasXs5GraFxYxrY3CSIc3MT0s_oVkZB922GnERdjZPjN7SevwsfZw264YLW3Xqw/s767/science+fiction+chronicle+may+1985.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="592" data-original-width="767" height="309" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiVhE8xnMZB9j4EWAPlYJukbqJic8CRVxAldeCW3EO3b85JbqSa1YquauVx6A69Z21C5025rw-RBvv9EasXs5GraFxYxrY3CSIc3MT0s_oVkZB922GnERdjZPjN7SevwsfZw264YLW3Xqw/w400-h309/science+fiction+chronicle+may+1985.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">SCIENCE FICTION CHRONICLE (May 1985); If you think that caption is in poor taste, it gets worse: SFC's obituary for Art Saha in the February/March 2000 issue briefly mentions Heidi, "whose appearance at conventions in the late 1960s and early 1970s as a prepubescent sexpot, usually in a Vampirella costume, set off waves of extremely sexist behaviour by lots of fans who should have known better." Prepubescent sexpot?<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK5F6MnH_z00sYgk-dD2YgqcXdYZqMmYq6RPFf8SIDRtbdeJ47l2TKyLrDp2BoYPFa4AbrYvbqeNWFyEXC2VQPzea8Z0uZR0foqD0FfZAg1bU3zPIcvQjxitG5-rfY0TXfuRE4EmwkuH6B/s1017/science+fiction+chronicle+june+1988+cover.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1017" data-original-width="743" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK5F6MnH_z00sYgk-dD2YgqcXdYZqMmYq6RPFf8SIDRtbdeJ47l2TKyLrDp2BoYPFa4AbrYvbqeNWFyEXC2VQPzea8Z0uZR0foqD0FfZAg1bU3zPIcvQjxitG5-rfY0TXfuRE4EmwkuH6B/w293-h400/science+fiction+chronicle+june+1988+cover.jpg" width="293" /></a></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp6W94Qbh0-YtbHu2752eAIL4NY6O8lIyRA2LFLlivEOWX4d230eaJH1mcvpxfKZxFlaizSRH6O8RgzJyhIA7fv7g0fGm0HqlGWGvk7SuFQZP4iOfaOljLgfXtyjmkqg4pjt5su9hltIs3/s809/science+fiction+chronicle+june+1988.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="757" data-original-width="809" height="374" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp6W94Qbh0-YtbHu2752eAIL4NY6O8lIyRA2LFLlivEOWX4d230eaJH1mcvpxfKZxFlaizSRH6O8RgzJyhIA7fv7g0fGm0HqlGWGvk7SuFQZP4iOfaOljLgfXtyjmkqg4pjt5su9hltIs3/w400-h374/science+fiction+chronicle+june+1988.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">SCIENCE FICTION CHRONICLE (June 1988)<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrBI9VK9l9INPBVJ6Ac3rg8UphBhRQnS8nEn7GLX1J1k1t9NhkdWNn-dOQ-3alvSIKMwdgyrv6sZOhcIvBVmjMtMZVSXlp1cx6wRiZHUkKpm8baNMa03NIn9-6Qo9gCtdbKpepJ6QNqh1w/s1600/glamour+international+16.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="877" data-original-width="892" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrBI9VK9l9INPBVJ6Ac3rg8UphBhRQnS8nEn7GLX1J1k1t9NhkdWNn-dOQ-3alvSIKMwdgyrv6sZOhcIvBVmjMtMZVSXlp1cx6wRiZHUkKpm8baNMa03NIn9-6Qo9gCtdbKpepJ6QNqh1w/s400/glamour+international+16.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiel2mMCf2MFpCgvQztbRVTw8IPD66PkR6pDdul0Tae-Iti7qViF3EYk-o29MVFjo1qA3AUXdXyIBzwqhzGEwxXdPpDdPL0gul_c4X22q02mS47F7aUG8lsDFXrq1cy5zRig25gGng0MQiS/s1600/glamour+international+heidi.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="279" data-original-width="550" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiel2mMCf2MFpCgvQztbRVTw8IPD66PkR6pDdul0Tae-Iti7qViF3EYk-o29MVFjo1qA3AUXdXyIBzwqhzGEwxXdPpDdPL0gul_c4X22q02mS47F7aUG8lsDFXrq1cy5zRig25gGng0MQiS/s400/glamour+international+heidi.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">GLAMOUR INTERNATIONAL #16 (2nd series, 1991), an Italian fantasy and erotica magazine, was an </span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>all-vampire</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"> issue, and contained a photo of Heidi as Vampirella.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcR5D0ZZkmbrrUCgh33s9_IKwmkVCxDAn7Yv_n-oPhO7ONG2KfLgeE5rneSPseHeuqZBbx65uLO7tm3-lrmA2wWdTebkfSLwuOgsbs_ZCX6msfX00dR0PcUBqGFJgS8XmHTjowF2jY5kYl/s383/locus+jan+2000.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcR5D0ZZkmbrrUCgh33s9_IKwmkVCxDAn7Yv_n-oPhO7ONG2KfLgeE5rneSPseHeuqZBbx65uLO7tm3-lrmA2wWdTebkfSLwuOgsbs_ZCX6msfX00dR0PcUBqGFJgS8XmHTjowF2jY5kYl/s400/locus+jan+2000.jpg" width="312" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">LOCUS, a science fiction news journal, ran a piece by Heidi Saha called <i>Art Saha, My Father</i> in their obituary section, in the January 2000 issue. Art Saha had just passed away in November of 1999.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWttCJ7G_heSmpJNGeR2fMgFSbhId1zvD2uNj-r8l1RUutDQ6HcfhJRfriX5JYCxnu0ak47LRnn7DTnzyUKPzU5pv0pgiBfOjtpyHtC0wHfW6cWJ8ZbPyFYzPNrWexJ3VmXZLolFrw6Kj1/s468/heidi+warren+companion.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWttCJ7G_heSmpJNGeR2fMgFSbhId1zvD2uNj-r8l1RUutDQ6HcfhJRfriX5JYCxnu0ak47LRnn7DTnzyUKPzU5pv0pgiBfOjtpyHtC0wHfW6cWJ8ZbPyFYzPNrWexJ3VmXZLolFrw6Kj1/s400/heidi+warren+companion.jpg" width="245" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">THE WARREN COMPANION (2001), reprinted an interview with
James Warren originally published in COMIC BOOK ARTIST #4 (Spring 1999),
including a segment where he talks about Heidi Saha (pgs. 132 and 133),
not used in the original. In COMIC BOOK ARTIST, the Heidi segment
would have appeared on page 41 between Warren's answer <i>"I wish they had called Steven Spielberg..."</i> and the CBA question <i>"While he had been absent at times..."</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFrA72_iMZ3YRX8sbwIxw5Hf_RF2gqD5xkAMDpOuxXrfILIQ3SNbAtn65bpvlCVtckOLeoSmEJ5AQgi6iZZFFUs6QEZEePDYsSyTRbd4XQMYFmH5K-jWS0i7-Zf0m65tAvJXFErDpny_Zn/s1058/famous+forry+fotos+back.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFrA72_iMZ3YRX8sbwIxw5Hf_RF2gqD5xkAMDpOuxXrfILIQ3SNbAtn65bpvlCVtckOLeoSmEJ5AQgi6iZZFFUs6QEZEePDYsSyTRbd4XQMYFmH5K-jWS0i7-Zf0m65tAvJXFErDpny_Zn/s400/famous+forry+fotos+back.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">FAMOUS FORRY FOTOS (2001) featured photos of Forrest Ackerman with family, friends, fiends, fans, and famous folk, as well as the legendary <b>Ackermansion</b>. Heidi is included, and can also be seen on the back cover with Forry, who's leafing through an issue of VAMPIRELLA #1.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">SPOOKY, a fanzine dedicated to Warren magazines, ran an article titled <i>Who Was Heidi Saha?</i> in their first issue (2004).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">BACK ISSUE #38 (February 2010) featured an article called <i>Heidi Saha: Warren's Mystery In An Enigma</i>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1kd6xjBOa1uMMHuLeFRKCFCDar8cz4ftjZzf4qedwMv15_kTRhQNHygTQsROkuxo7imdtB6O4IN746D44Gakd4wIwkmt71Yixw4vyKXZw6B_SK3xqJP5fvvFvyZj_EuPd8gDnCLAciDp9/s1600/heidi+photo+famous+monsters+%2523258.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="482" data-original-width="350" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1kd6xjBOa1uMMHuLeFRKCFCDar8cz4ftjZzf4qedwMv15_kTRhQNHygTQsROkuxo7imdtB6O4IN746D44Gakd4wIwkmt71Yixw4vyKXZw6B_SK3xqJP5fvvFvyZj_EuPd8gDnCLAciDp9/s400/heidi+photo+famous+monsters+%2523258.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Heidi, covering up her Sheena costume, appeared in FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND #258 (November/December 2011). The inscription on the back of this photo reads <i>"Uncle Forry, I'm looking at you with affection and love and I'm wondering when I can run up and give you a big hug and kiss. Love, HEIDI"</i>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Heidi also made a couple of minor film appearances. Nobody seems to have noticed that she can be seen at the very beginning of a film covering the 1973 <i>International Star Trek Convention</i> (widely available online). But look fast: she appears (as <b>Shahna of Triskelion</b>) for a grand total of <i>three seconds</i>!</span></td></tr>
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Heidi also appears as Vampirella in <a href="http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x637xr3" target="_blank">this 29-minute film</a> featuring highlights from the costume contest at the 1973 New York Comic Art Convention. So as not to confuse her with the gorgeous Angelique Trouvere, also dressed as Vampirella, Heidi appears at 2:16-2:24 walking across the stage from left amidst Darkseid and his cronies; 2:39-2:47 she's seen standing at right (behind Darkseid) holding up her bat; 3:39 (glimpse); 3:46-3:51, which then cuts to a close-up from 3:51-3:55; 4:00-4:01, close-up, standing next to Two-Face; 13:43-14:10, takes stage and poses, then exits, with another pose. (Thanks to the original poster of this film for the link.)</div>
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She also appeared in a segment of RIPLEY'S BELIEVE IT OR NOT, hosted by Jack Palance, at least according to this January 19, 1983 article from Oneonta, New York's DAILY STAR:<br />
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<i>"COOPERSTOWN - The nationally-televised 'Ripley's Believe It or Not' show will feature a segment on the Cardiff Giant, filmed here with local actors recently at the Farmer's Museum, on Sunday, Jan. 23, at 7 p.m. on the ABC network.Carter Morris of Cooperstown, who acted in the segment and was a local producer for it, said he had been informed of the scheduled airing by a member of the show's staff.<br /><br />"About 20 local residents appear in the Cardiff film, to be narrated by actor Jack Palance. It depicts the story of one of America's greatest deceptions.<br /><br />"The giant stone man was buried during the 1800s on a farm near Cardiff, under the direction of George Hull, a Syracuse cigar maker, who then had it dug up and displayed as a gigantic man who once lived on the earth.<br /><br />"Thousands of people paid to see the giant, unaware it was a hoax, and it has become a legend. The giant has only been on display here since 1948. <br /><br />"James Dean, a Cooperstown carpenter, stars in the film as Hull. Morris plays his sidekick, Stubby Newell. <br /><br />"Other area residents who will appear include: Morris' wife, Mary Jo, and their daughter, Amanda; David Morris, Hank Phillips, Mark Zeek, Steve Kaich, Bob Beebe, Gwen Ermlich, <b>Heidi Saha</b>, Orson Davis, George Cade, Albert Flint, Margaret Lavalle, Steve Oldick, Dan Morris, Jim Leslie, Bill Hayes and Jackie Manley. <br /><br />"Artist Richard Fitzgerald of Middlefield created some artwork for the show and produced some oversized paper mache feet, which are purported to be those of the giant in the show. Jack Mitchell Moving and Storage provided an antique wagon, and Bob Sperry also made available his horse and carriage for the filming."</i><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbEvsYRXSvySiXBa7h0iHGcvswtRVxsgoqqVxCPi8ZbUIlxdM8DtkNfg1UOsGwIm2VgrAPS53rWuvFW6PEHdsww_Zz325S0p_8wsMtFucfUyeMcrKhkBKMQG8nd6bz5nNeviTADoZED6Z-/s899/forry+heidi.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbEvsYRXSvySiXBa7h0iHGcvswtRVxsgoqqVxCPi8ZbUIlxdM8DtkNfg1UOsGwIm2VgrAPS53rWuvFW6PEHdsww_Zz325S0p_8wsMtFucfUyeMcrKhkBKMQG8nd6bz5nNeviTADoZED6Z-/s320/forry+heidi.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Uncle Forry", as Heidi called him.</span></td></tr>
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<br />Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-19234081270975281332012-11-27T13:21:00.001-05:002014-04-27T10:19:23.989-04:00Richard Corben: Dogs<br />
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"I'm a dog person," says Richard Corben. "I relate to dogs much more than to cats. In fact, that's why I've written many of my stories to dogs and wolves -- THE BEAST OF WOLFTON, as well as ROWLF."<br />
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Like a lot of great artists, Corben began scribbling just as soon as his tiny little fist was able to clutch a crayon. "I started drawing long before I could read and write. I was always interested in storytelling with my artwork. My elder brother had comic books which I traced and copied the characters out of. The only ones I can remember are Superman, Tarzan and Mickey Mouse."<br />
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Dogs began appearing in Corben's own comics early on -- very early on, when he was about 8 years old: "My first original comic strip was centered around my family's pet dog, Trail. About eight large issues of Trail Comics were produced before I went on to other things."<br />
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Corben says he "wrote and drew all kinds of fantastic adventures for him." (Note that he says "for him" rather than "about him".) Corben still has some of his Trail comics.<br />
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Despite an early interest in comic books, Corben didn't get into the game until the late 1960s, while employed at the Calvin Company, which produced industrial films in Kansas City, Missouri. Corben worked in the animation department, and was already pushing 30. His first published comic work, the 10-page <i>Monsters Rule</i>, was serialized in 1968 in various issues of the fanzine, VOICE OF COMICDOM, published by Rudi Franke, followed by <i>Tales From the Plague</i>, all 32 pages appearing in another fanzine, WEIRDOM ILLUSTRATED.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Laural-Li (and friend), horror hostess for</i> WEIRDOM #13 <i>(April 1969), introducing "Tales From the Plague", an early Corben</i> <i>comic written by</i> WEIRDOM<i>'s publisher, Dennis Cunningham</i></span></td></tr>
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Corben began working on <i>The Story of Rowlf</i>, about a dog turned into a dog-man, around 1967 or '68. "<i>Rowlf</i> was first conceived a couple of years ago not as a comic story but as a film. After several futile attempts at producing it, we gave it up for another script. After <i>Monsters Rule</i> was finished, I was looking for a story to appear in VOICE OF COMICDOM and I remembered <i>Rowlf</i>. I gave this much thought and finally decided that I could do the story justice in the comic strip medium. Much preliminary work had already been done. This became very useful when adapting it to the comic strip. Several models of the characters had been built. These were now used to draw from...It is difficult to say how much actual drawing time was spent on the final pages. I occasionally did two or three pages a week working evenings and weekends, but I didn't work on it constantly." "<i>Rowlf</i>," says Corben, "was done over a period of a couple of years. Normally, I don't like to stretch a story that length of time..."<br />
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The first half of <i>Rowlf</i> was published in VOICE OF COMICDOM #16, in the winter of 1970, and the second half in #17, the summer of the following year. It was worth the wait. Corben's line art on <i>Rowlf</i> remains his most detailed and exquisite, a great achievement in comics.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjS7OpRgy0Bk8IBA8kknScCcIs2WAoEtyTsTVl4iSHS4AFcHn-O5oQjVal97JVknHZCYK2Vj2kROpLX6bahDcUQ8oiMIB1BQJNVqBpytsOB2R2GYoz9GyX_m7ukLr_BVUg8CJ7Wl6Fuq5c/s1600/rowlf+skinny+dipping.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjS7OpRgy0Bk8IBA8kknScCcIs2WAoEtyTsTVl4iSHS4AFcHn-O5oQjVal97JVknHZCYK2Vj2kROpLX6bahDcUQ8oiMIB1BQJNVqBpytsOB2R2GYoz9GyX_m7ukLr_BVUg8CJ7Wl6Fuq5c/s400/rowlf+skinny+dipping.jpg" height="177" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Maryara goes skinny dipping in "Rowlf". Corben, famous for his large-breasted maidens, says he "wasn't interested in </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">PLAYBOY</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> or </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">OUI</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">." However, this illustration used a photo of Playboy bunny Jackie Brown, from the October 1965 edition of </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">PLAYBOY</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">, as reference. No doubt he picked it up at the newsstand for the long, insightful article, "The Great Comic-Book Heroes", by Jules Feiffer. Aside from occasionally using photos of people for reference, Corben also crafted countless clay models of his characters, which could be photographed from a variety of angles, and with different light sources.</span></i></td></tr>
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<i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggEW7mPoAHxSg97Zzfx0maMRYjluZpAbYKU0gDLgCcszFr_q0J4yM71wKY_bH3xys6UzKPR1A5-FeLarIEZRVgEGs_FUH-00_EBH0kgsA6pQsWsxFZvsIro2ULM0EQ9U4Pa0HcnpT0EQa2/s1600/playboy.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggEW7mPoAHxSg97Zzfx0maMRYjluZpAbYKU0gDLgCcszFr_q0J4yM71wKY_bH3xys6UzKPR1A5-FeLarIEZRVgEGs_FUH-00_EBH0kgsA6pQsWsxFZvsIro2ULM0EQ9U4Pa0HcnpT0EQa2/s400/playboy.jpg" height="193" width="400" /></a></i></div>
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The story takes place in the seemingly Medieval kingdom of Canisland, where Rowlf is devoted to his mistress Maryara, and hostile towards her suitor, Raymon. The nubile young princess, however, has little interest in Raymon, prefering to gambol in the woods with her faithful dog. It is during one such outting that Maryara is kidnapped by the gremlin-faced Gorgrum, the Esperanto-speaking "demon king", and his squad of soldiers, complete with tanks, guns, grenades and bazookas. Rowlf is unable to rescue her, and runs home to seek help from Raymon and the wizard, Sortrum. Unable to figure out Rowlf's barking and excited manner, Sortrum attempts to change the dog into a human so he could simply tell them. The spell is botched by Raymon's interruption when he spies tanks rolling towards the castle; as a result, Rowlf is only partially changed, sporting his own head and tail on the body of a man. The castle is destroyed by the war machines, but Rowlf escapes unharmed, and waits till nightfall to attack the demons with their own weapons. He follows the surviving troops, still licking their wounds, back to their island, where the demon king's triumphant return with his royal prize is celebrated. During the festivities, Rowlf rescues Maryara (astonished by his transformation), killing Gorgrum and inadvertently blowing up the island. They return in a tank, but unwilling to be changed back into a dog and left to the mercy of Raymon, Rowlf drives off with Maryara.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Back cover of </i>VOICE OF COMICDOM #17 <i>(Summer 1970), with panels coloured by Corben, taken from that issue's story, "Rowlf"</i></span></td></tr>
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<i>The Story of Rowlf</i> was almost immediately reprinted as ROWLF, published by the Rip Off Press, an underground comics publisher located in San Francisco. It went through two editions and sold some 20,000 copies.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxcLYJhYlXUSGPkAvG4q4FzjlGjnYICb9nszQCVBreeqcECqDQaO-nYjn5tndlPcBxcxdyvDyzprsIVsgyrbmfL4wgg3_pb62SUoE_9HNo3NTSzYUtD8akN94EJZ6qiRrVhW2AcMFxxdmZ/s1600/rowlf+cover+1st+edition.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxcLYJhYlXUSGPkAvG4q4FzjlGjnYICb9nszQCVBreeqcECqDQaO-nYjn5tndlPcBxcxdyvDyzprsIVsgyrbmfL4wgg3_pb62SUoE_9HNo3NTSzYUtD8akN94EJZ6qiRrVhW2AcMFxxdmZ/s400/rowlf+cover+1st+edition.jpg" height="400" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">two-part</span> "Rowlf"</span> comic was collected and reprinted by the Rip <span style="font-size: small;">Off Pr<span style="font-size: small;">ess in 1971, featuring this new cover by Corben. Their 2nd edition<span style="font-size: small;"> had a diffe<span style="font-size: small;">rent</span></span> cover, seen at the top of this page</span></span></span></i></td></tr>
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In 1970, Corben published FANTAGOR #1, a large (8 1/2" x 11"), slick comic with a black and white interior, sturdy colour covers, and high quality printing. It was paid for in part by selling two posters, which he made available at comic conventions and through ads in ROCKET'S BLAST/COMICOLLECTOR. The 1000 copy print run sold poorly and he lost money on the venture. "I sold around 500 books...I felt crushed. I went into a depression and realised I'd never get rid of those fanzines unless I cut my prices drastically and sell to the dealers. I did this, and the remaining FANTAGORs were all gone within two weeks. I held onto a few copies just for sentimental reasons." The $1.50 cover price was probably a deterrent for those used to paying 50 cents for the average underground comic. (Incidentally, the first issue featured a story called "Twilight of the Dogs" -- but there are no dogs in it.)<br />
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Corben contributed two werewolf drawings to a fanzine called EPIC (#11, August 1970), formerly titled FANTASY NEWS. One was of Henry Hull from the 1935 movie, WEREWOLF OF LONDON; the other was Lon Chaney, Jr. as the Wolf Man, from the 1941 movie.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijQ3Gj30n7Cv8jtcuw3GfjjA1RZJvGr3KpVyMazRstmR-cUsaN2BJVm2JNpd5oFXNC4PUBQp8mM9pnWNmRzrVWaIjdYVOqCACLEvRPw0SIaCeMgGgi_3z3_AlRHqUUxw9Pv3uAW7wJZtPg/s1600/epic+fanzine+1970.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijQ3Gj30n7Cv8jtcuw3GfjjA1RZJvGr3KpVyMazRstmR-cUsaN2BJVm2JNpd5oFXNC4PUBQp8mM9pnWNmRzrVWaIjdYVOqCACLEvRPw0SIaCeMgGgi_3z3_AlRHqUUxw9Pv3uAW7wJZtPg/s320/epic+fanzine+1970.jpg" height="320" width="279" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Corben did dozens of illustrations of classic horror monsters, mostly of the Universal and Hammer variety, copied from photographs, most of which appeared in the fanzine,</i> PHOTON. <i>Here, it seems that Lon Chaney, Jr. as the Wolf Man doesn't quite know what to do with the lovely Evelyn Ankers</i></span></td></tr>
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Corben joined the burgeoning underground comics movement, writing and drawing stories for titles such as SLOW DEATH, SKULL, ANOMALY, and one shots such as FEVER DREAMS and UP FROM THE DEEP; he also continued his own FANTAGOR and GRIM WIT titles, published by others. He sometimes used the pseudonyms "Gore" (inspired by his favourite EC horror comics artist of the early 1950s, Graham Ingells, who signed his name "Ghastly"), and "Harvey Sea" (from his initials, RVC).</div>
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WEIRDOM #14 (1971) contained a short werewolf tale by Corben called <i>Dead Hill</i>. Drawn in the late 1960s in a crude style reminiscent of old woodblock printing, it might be Corben's earliest werewolf comic.<br />
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Corben's GRIM WIT #1 came out in 1972, published by the Rip Off Press (and reprinted by Last Gasp). This first issue featured another major werewolf work, <i>The Beast of Wolfton</i>. Though the wonderful artwork isn't as detailed as <i>Rowlf</i>, Corben's shading technique gives the drawings an extra dimension. Says Corben, "The story is one that I wrote way back in art school. I handed it in as an extra project to my creative writing teacher..."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQghSCxU_Jdg6yQaqi54xZD5YYx9wFyvXqcw48s4ILJAUcQFR0HPXbERdyGmVsGos2gLOCkA9Qb_9gX3DWajgpwz53Vx-Zgy3fVIDuHkrtUTMQ0vuOBpt0nnTz1a4k41AYkpxFeWjy1dLf/s1600/grim+wit+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQghSCxU_Jdg6yQaqi54xZD5YYx9wFyvXqcw48s4ILJAUcQFR0HPXbERdyGmVsGos2gLOCkA9Qb_9gX3DWajgpwz53Vx-Zgy3fVIDuHkrtUTMQ0vuOBpt0nnTz1a4k41AYkpxFeWjy1dLf/s400/grim+wit+1.jpg" height="400" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">GRIM WIT #1 <i>(1972) featured </i><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"The Beast of Wolfton", the saga of an underdog turned into a werewolf through sorcery. Corben opted for the Henry Hull look, as he appeared in </i><span style="font-size: small;"><i>the movie, </i>WEREWOLF <span style="font-size: small;">OF</span> <span style="font-size: small;">LONDON (1935)</span></span></span></span></td></tr>
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Brave knight Sir John of Lasiter travels with his wife Ellen to Wolfton (originally <i>Wulv</i>), a village beset by a wild animal that leaves mangled corpses. Sir John offers his services to the local baron, promising to slay the beast in exchange for a fair reward. His attempts are thwarted by the beast, a man transformed by sorcery into a werewolf-like monster to avenge his people, the Krind, who were exterminated by Saxon invaders. The beast kidnaps Lady Ellen, to draw Sir John into the woods, where he and his posse are slain one by one. Ellen, aware that the beast's condition can only be cured by the willing love of a woman, offers herself to him. After climaxing, the beast returns to his human state, at which point Ellen beheads him with an axe.<br />
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In 1970 Corben made the leap from fanzines and undergrounds into the world of professional publications, and his canine friends followed him. Corben, a fan of the horror genre, had been sending samples of his comic art to James Warren, publisher of EERIE and CREEPY (and, later, VAMPIRELLA), since the mid-1960s. In fact, some of his non-comic work first appeared in another of Warren's mags, FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND, in issue #35 (October 1965), although the article it apeared in was actually about a lady named Madona Marchand, who won Warren's amateur film making contest for a movie called SIEGFRIED SAVES METROPOLIS, the prize being a miniature Sony television. While the article was being put together, her name changed to Madona Corben, as she'd married her cameraman, "Dick" Corben, who also helped fashion the balsa wood and clay models used in the movie.<br />
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Corben's next appearance was on the Fan Fare page of EERIE #16 (July 1968), with a couple of illustrations from an unpublished comic. (Apparently, he wasn't even a member of the Eerie fan club, as Cousin Eerie resentfully identified him as member #2222 of the <i>Creepy</i> fan club!)<br />
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Corben finally had a comic, <i>Frozen Beauty</i>, published in Warren's CREEPY #36 (November 1970), followed by some memorable covers. It was the beginning of a long relationship, and soon Corben quit his job at Calvin and began supporting his wife and daughter through what was becoming a lucrative career in comics.<br />
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<i>The Slipped Mickey Click-Flip</i>, appearing in CREEPY #54 (July 1973), written by Doug Moench, contains little interior logic. The host, Mr. Diment, breaks the fourth wall, not only by tearing away at the panel borders, but by being an integral part of the story, even as he presents it.<br />
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Mr. Diment possesses a homemade device he calls a "click-lick", which he uses to get revenge upon psychiatrist Dr. Nugent, for trying to <i>cure</i> him! (Mr. Diment revels in his insanity.) The click-lick is capable of turning the most bizarre idea into nightmarish reality. An asphalt highway rips up from the ground, writhing like a snake, causing Nugent's car to veer off the road. Monstrous butterflies attack, tearing out one of his eyes. He runs home to his wife, only to find worms spilling out of her. Finally, he collapses on the lawn, where a cartoonish train runs over his head. But Nugent's reality isn't his wife's reality. And Diment kills her, too, by having the television set bite off her head. The former recreational facility then stalks the family dog, which flees outdoors. The easily-distracted pet finds Nugent's skeleton. He tears away a bone, and, during his attempt to bury it, the bone comes alive and pulls the dog into the hole with it, and buries them both. (Incidentally, Doug Moench used a similar train in one of the more whacked out stories in the excellent MASTER OF KUNG FU series he produced with artist Paul Gulacy.)<br />
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<i>Lycanklutz</i>, from CREEPY #56 (September 1973) featured some beautiful colours by Corben. Warren had only recently introduced 8-page colour inserts in their mags, and Corben took full advantage, producing many during his tenure with the company.<br />
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"The first colour one was <i>Lycanklutz</i>, which is a takeoff on THE WOLF MAN. It was inspired by the horror movie," says Corben, though he admits that "to make it more related to the earlier ones it should have been done in black and white."<br />
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In <i>Lycanklutz</i>, a werewolf is terrorizing a medieval village, and an inventive old coot named Lawrence Cardiff (resembling Leonardo da Vinci) believes he has a solution to the problem: a silver-fanged flea, on sale for only $499.95.<br />
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Obviously, <i>Lycanklutz</i> is a comedy, and Corben even found a rhyme for "lycanthrope", which he stresses in Cardiff's dialogue when he's setting up a trap for the werewolf: "After the moon rises, <i>I can hope</i> the <i>ly-can-thrope</i> will pass near..."<br />
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It bears little resemblance to the 1941 Universal movie, though the names Lawrence Cardiff and Baron Talbot are clearly referencing Larry Talbot, Lon Chaney's character in THE WOLF MAN. Also, Cardiff recites screenwriter Curt Siodmak's poem from the movie:<br />
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<i>"Even a man who is pure of heart</i><br />
<i>and says his prayers by night</i><br />
<i>may become a wolf when the wolfbane blooms</i><br />
<i>and the autumn moon is bright."</i><br />
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Another tongue-in-cheek werewolf story followed, <i>Change...Into Something Comfortable</i>, in CREEPY #58 (December 1973), written by Moench. In this one, a werewolf discovers, to his regret, that he ain't the only monster in town.<br />
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<i>The Hero Within</i>, from CREEPY #60 (February 1974), is painfully Dickensian, with a small orphan boy, Lucien, left to the care of a cruel mistress. His parents had been killed by a pack of wild dogs, and we can't even get past the second page without the matriarch's young daughter, Priscilla, tormenting the boy by sicking her large, vicious dog on him. Lucien is banished to the dark, dank cellar for being unfriendly. There he finds a roughly doughnut-shaped rock and begins to imagine that it has magical properties. Suddenly, he's been transformed into a muscular caveman with a bat-like face, and the dog into a dinosaur, frightened of him now. Exploring the rocky desert landscape, this new Lucien saves a busty blonde from two bat-winged rat men, using their own spears against them. He soon finds himself face to face with the dinosaur again, and takes out one of its eyes with his spear, but the magic rock, which hung from a string around his neck, is torn away, and Lucien immediately finds himself back in the cellar, unable to find the lost stone. The dog has also found its way into the cellar, and the story ends with Lucien being attacked by the savage beast, blood streaming from its gaping eye socket.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjACl0_o32b3hEr7oOWInFvOGeYJQHrdSekkIEP4pOJWy7NqH-2v9pOj4ETdqY-PeW0x6Ex3gqHeIeU1KeYXT4zKIG4uYlc8N_jPQcP6iHmwKZNiSoqPxb2OAjmu1VghM2MLQuNyP5_4gLN/s1600/hero+within.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjACl0_o32b3hEr7oOWInFvOGeYJQHrdSekkIEP4pOJWy7NqH-2v9pOj4ETdqY-PeW0x6Ex3gqHeIeU1KeYXT4zKIG4uYlc8N_jPQcP6iHmwKZNiSoqPxb2OAjmu1VghM2MLQuNyP5_4gLN/s400/hero+within.jpg" height="256" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">sadistic</span> </span>little girl <span style="font-size: small;">exploi<span style="font-size: small;">ts</span></span> Lucien's fear of dogs, in a scene from "The Hero Within", Corben's colour insert for </i>CREEPY #60 <i>(February 1974)</i></span></td></tr>
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Corben's third werewolf effort at Warren, in EERIE #56 (April 1974), was even more preposterous than the previous two. <i>Wizard Wagstaff</i>, written by Jack Butterworth, tells the story of Albert Tusk, owner of a dog food company, who becomes a werewolf after being bitten by a poodle while filming a commercial for Tusk Doggy Dinners. "What idiot put pants on that dog?" one drunk grumbles to another when the werewolf is spotted in an alley outside a saloon. Fortunately, Albert the werewolf finds someone who can help him, Mr. Wagstaff, a wizard, but the magic formula requires a spoonful of sweat from the poor, and when the two make an excursion to acquire the ingredient, they run into a bigger, fiercer werewolf.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>No one seems to take much notice of the werewolves walking around town in the cartoonish "Wizard Wagstaff", from</i> EERIE #56 <i>(April 1974)</i></span></td></tr>
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One thing's for sure: this must be the only story in the entire Warren catalogue where no one is harmed in any way, aside from being bitten by a poodle.<br />
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That same month in CREEPY #61, Corben did a parody of another of the Universal monsters, the Mummy. Three archaeologists, Sandy, Jack and Doc, find the tomb of Khartuka, but they're more interested in the whispered legend of a great treasure buried there, which they're determined to find with the help of their dog, Snoofer, who understands commands better when a gun is pointed at him. Accompanying the explorers are two local guides, Worma and Hardoff Bey (a sort of Egyptian Abbott and Costello), whose true mission is to prevent the outsiders from defiling the tomb of Khartuka. They do that by raising Khartuka, though they can't quite remember if the recipe for the potion calls for nine <i>nina</i> leaves, eleven <i>leben</i> leaves, or orange pekoe. But they manage to revive the ancient king, who beholds Sandy in a queen's headdress (they'd found the treasure and were in the process of carting it away), and, excited by the beautiful maiden, goes shambling after her. He trips and falls on his face, and the three unwary explorers stumble over him, falling into a great abyss to their doom, as do Worma and Hardoff Bey. But Khartuka's triumph is short-lived when Snoofer latches onto his leg, which is just another bone to the dog.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Corben has always been a master of caricature: In this scene from "Terror Tomb" (</span></i><span style="font-size: small;">CREEPY #61</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">, April 1974), old Doc is shuffling along, arms weighing him down, shoulders drooping; Jack is full of vim and vigour, chest thrust out with determination and optimism; Sandy is young, robust, proud. Her <span style="font-size: small;">ample breasts<span style="font-size: small;"> are conspicuous,</span></span> a Corben trademark, but he insists the exaggeration is practical: "To differentiate them from the men, of course."</span></i></td></tr>
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The title of the story, <i>Terror Tomb</i>, is a pun on Terrytoons, the animation studio founded by Paul Terry, famous for Mighty Mouse and Heckle and Jeckle. Corben says the Mummy never frightened him as a kid. "He sort of shuffles along, and it's not very likely anybody would be caught unless they just fell down and fainted."<br />
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<i>Bowser</i>, in VAMPIRELLA #54 (September 1976), written by frequent collaborator Jan Strnad, isn't exactly a dog, though the clever setup (ruined by the first two pages being printed in reverse order) convinces the reader otherwise -- until the dog is eaten by the <i>actual</i> Bowser, a blobby, tentacled creature kept as a pet by an otherwise normal looking family.<br />
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<i>Bowser</i> had originally been scheduled for CREEPY #67 (December 1974), and that issue's cover by Ken Kelly depicted Bowser, but, for whatever reason, the story wasn't printed until almost two years later. Instead, Corben's adaptation of Poe's <i>The Raven</i> appeared.<br />
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Corben's work at Warren and in the undergrounds was getting him noticed, and he was in demand. He started working in other fields, illustrating science fiction book covers; a newer movie poster at the beginning of 1975 for PHANTOM OF THE PARADISE (1974), to help stir up box office interest (this second campaign was more successful); a few record covers, most notably Meatloaf's BAT OUT OF HELL (1977), which he shipped off only two days after receiving the commission over the phone; portfolios, which were all the rage; and the hardbound graphic novel, BLOODSTAR (The Morning Star Press, 1976), an adaptation of Robert E. Howard's story, <i>The Valley of the Worm</i> (from WEIRD TALES, February 1934), written by John Jakes, and rewritten by Corben (and re-rewritten(!) by John Pocsik when it was reprinted by Ariel Books in 1979).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Orig</i><span style="font-size: small;"><i>inal artwork for the cover of</i> EERIE #86 <i>(September 1977), done in black and <span style="font-size: small;">grey oils. The all-Corben issue was comprised of reprints, including "Change...Into Something Comfortable", <span style="font-size: small;">depicted here</span></span></i></span></span></td></tr>
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Corben had a large European following, and France's <i>Les Humanoid Associes</i> ("United Humanoids": comics creators Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Philippe Druillet, Moebius, and businessman Bernard Farkas) offered a spot in their slick new magazine, METAL HURLANT, which debuted December 1974. The National Lampoon began publishing an American edition in April 1977, which catapulted Corben to comic book stardom. "Probably more people saw my work in HEAVY METAL than anywhere else," says Corben. "And they paid much better rates."<br />
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Dogs have a small but profound role in Strnad and Corben's <i>New Tales of the Arabian Nights</i>, which appeared in HEAVY METAL from June 1978 to July 1979 (subsequently published in book form).<br />
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In the epic tale, Shahrazad tells her sister Dunyazad of the eighth voyage of Sindbad, one which she hadn't told the king. The story begins with an older, bitter Sindbad experiencing marital difficulties. While chasing after a woman believed to be a prostitute through alleys during a night of debauchery, he trips over a dog, which he kicks to death in his drunken rage. Lost and staggering, he's confronted by a monstrous jinni, Al-Ra'ad Al-Kasif, who informs Sindbad that the dog was the jinni's wife in disguise, and vowed that he would let the fallen hero live, but slay his wife Zulaykha in turn. Sindbad rushes home to find a flaming ruin, and Al-Ra'ad enraged that he can't locate Zulaykha. Sindbad tells Al-Ra'ad that he's hidden her, but in fact is baffled by her mysterious disappearance. Sindbad begins a new voyage to the Land of the Jinn to seek audience with Zu'l Janahayn, King of all Kings of the Jinn, to beg pardon for offending Al-Ra'ad Al-Kasif. A dog accompanying his caravan teaches Sindbad humility and love, and though this point is downplayed it is significant to the outcome of the story.<br />
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Concurrent with <i>New Tales of the Arabian Nights</i>, Coben and Strnad also produced the post-apocalyptic <i>Mutant World</i>, which ran in eight parts in Warren's new magazine, 1984, from June 1978 to September 1979. All manner of mutated creatures abound, including an eight-legged dog that attacks the story's hapless, dim-witted protagonist, Dimento.<br />
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<i>The Spirit of the Beast</i>, a brief sequel to <i>The Beast of Wolfton</i>, appeared in HEAVY METAL's May 1980 issue. The concluding paragraph in <i>The Beast of Wolfton</i> tells that the Lady Ellen was discovered in the forest "utterly insane" and cared for by nuns in a convent, where she gave birth to a "very strange child." That strange child is Jon Wulv, the subject of <i>Spirit of the Beast</i>, who has inherited his father's lycanthropy. The short story is merely an interlude, and in fact has more to do with a girl who is intimated to be a cannibal than it has with developing the character of Jon Wulv.<br />
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Corben claims that <i>Rowlf</i>, <i>The Beast of Wolfton</i>, and <i>Spirit of the Beast</i> were originally intended as a trilogy. There's no good reason to believe this is so. <i>Rowlf</i> was reprinted (in colour) in HEAVY METAL in three parts, November 1979 to January 1980. <i>The Beast of Wolfton</i> followed, reprinted in the February and March 1980 issues, also in colour, and with some minor changes made by Corben. Lady Ellen became Lady Chabita, Sir John of Lasiter became Sir Hornib of Murond, the Saxons became Stygorans, Britain became Canisland, etc., all to "bring it more into a realm of fantasy," says Corben. The only link between <i>Rowlf</i> and <i>The Beast of Wolfton</i> and its sequel were a few nouns later altered by Corben to create that link.<br />
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<i>Roda and the Wolf</i>, from the February 1984 issue of HEAVY METAL, is a re-telling of the Little Red Riding Hood tale. With little dialogue (in Pig Latin), the story begins with Roda about to be sacrificed to a werewolf by a primitive tribe. She escapes, and flees to an old lady's house, where she's welcomed. The old lady, Grinda, begins turning into a werewolf as Roda comments on her grotesquely changing eyes, ears, nose and teeth. Fully transformed, Grinda is about to kill the girl when the men that had been pursuing her burst in. They're torn apart, but the distraction allows Roda to disembowel the monster, revealing a partially digested Grinda inside. (It's unclear whether or not Grinda is Roda's grandmother.)<br />
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Some of Corben's werewolf material was reprinted by Catalan Communications in the book, WEREWOLF (1984). The all-Corben hardcover included a story not previously published called <i>Fur Trade</i>, a period piece written by John Pocsik, another frequent Corben collaborator, who usually wrote under the pseudonym "Simon Revelstroke".<br />
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Corben and writer Harlan Ellison had been promising an illustrated version of <i>A Boy and His Dog</i> since the early 1970s, but it was to remain elusive for many years.<br />
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Ellison's short post-apocalyptic story about a boy, Vic, and his telepathic dog, Blood, first appeared in the April 1969 edition of the science fiction magazine, NEW WORLDS, and was revised later the same year for Ellison's short story collection, THE BEAST THAT SHOUTED LOVE AT THE HEART OF THE WORLD.<br />
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About the comic book version of <i>A Boy and His Dog</i>, Corben said in a 1973 interview, "There's been some delay. It's been brewing ever since last summer, I guess. Then finally in December or January Harlan Ellison called me, I agreed it would be a good story and we should try to do it, and so we went ahead. He sent me a new beginning which he wanted in the comic version and I did the adaptation and did the pencils in the month of February. That was a tight schedule. Harlan wanted to look at character sketches and pencils, if possible, so I sent those the second week in February and so far he hasn't gotten to going over it."<br />
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Corben had high hopes: he said it would be a high quality collectors' edition, followed by an underground reprint in colour, "so even the collectors will have to get both of them." It never came to fruition.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Corben, during his <b>ass-kicking, karate-chopping, wood-chopping, bodybuilding, ex-army guy</b> phase</span></i></td></tr>
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<i>Eggsucker</i>, a prequel to <i>A Boy and His Dog</i>, appeared in ARIEL: THE BOOK OF FANTASY #2 (1977), with two illustrations by Corben (or rather, one illustration broken in two).<br />
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When NEW TALES OF THE ARABIAN NIGHTS was published as a book in 1979, Harlan Ellison wrote the introduction (dated April 1979), in which he said, "I have known Richard Corben's work for many years now. (In fact, Richard will kill me for taking time out to write this introduction when I should be going over his rough sketches for the illustrated version of <i>A Boy and His Dog</i> which we've been working on for five years now."<br />
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Corben confirmed this a while later in his HEAVY METAL interview: "That's one of the projects that never did quite make it. He's got my breakdown pages still buried on his desk somewhere. So the world has got to wait." He also said that Ellison was working on another story called <i>Blood's a Rover</i>, "so they are going to be published all together. I did the cover and about fifteen interior illustrations."<br />
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<i>Blood's a Rover</i> never materialised, but a sequel to <i>A Boy and His Dog</i>, called <i>Run, Spot, Run</i>, appeared in AMAZING SCIENCE FICTION's January 1981 issue.<br />
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Anyway, the world waited until 1987 for the comic book version, when Jan Strnad's Mad Dog Graphics imprint finally published all three stories as VIC AND BLOOD. <br />
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The first issue (October 1987), adapted <i>Eggsucker</i> and the first part of <i>A Boy and His Dog</i>, while the second issue (February 1988) adapted the second half, plus <i>Run, Spot, Run</i>.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Original artwork for the wraparound cover of </i>VIC AND BLOOD #1 <i>(October 1987)</i></span></td></tr>
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VIC AND BLOOD: THE CONTINUING ADVENTURES OF A BOY AND HIS DOG, was released in 2003. This "definitive" version contained the comic book version, and Ellison's original text stories, including the illustrations Corben had done decades earlier, as well as the <i>Eggsucker</i> painting from ARIEL.<br />
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Through his own Fantagor Press, Corben ran a third Den series in the late 1980s, simply titled DEN, and the tenth issue (1989) featured an unpleasant anthropomorphic dog with a machine gun calling itself "Hairy Kopok".<br />
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The first issue of Strnad and Corben's 5-issue SON OF MUTANT WORLD (published in 1990 by Fantagor Press), contained a mangy-looking mutated mutt with three eyes, one of them red. The title of the series was meant to be a humorous misnomer, the star of this sequel being Dimento's orphaned daughter, Dimentia.<br />
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A money-grubbing preacher and his acolyte make their way by bus to the tiny little town of Angel Falls (get it?), in <i>Wolf Girl Eats</i>, a short story by Bruce Jones and Corben, which appeared in the first issue of DC comics' horror anthology series, FLINCH (December 1999). Wolf Girl Eats is actually the name of a diner, but which is named after the town's hidden attraction, a wild girl said to be raised by wolves. Not surprisingly, greed and lust become the preacher's undoing, and in the end he's torn apart by a bear and some wolves.<br />
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In 2000, Corben and Simon Revelstroke did an adaptation of William Hope Hodgson's 1908 weird horror novel, THE HOUSE ON THE BORDERLAND. <br />
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Their version was updated so that the events took place in the village of Kraighten in Ireland in 1952, rather than 1877. Two travellers to Kraighten discover a diary in the ruins of a remote house, begun in 1816 by a fellow named Byron Gault, who tells a terrible tale of pig-like monsters inhabiting the area. Gault's loyal dog, Pepper, battles them fearlessly in an effort to save his master, and Gault's sister, Mary.<br />
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Corben contributed to seven issues of Dark Horse's CONAN THE CIMMERIAN. In issues 1 & 2 (July and August 2008), Conan's grandfather, Connacht, in a story within a story, runs into two werewolves.</div>
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In DC's HOUSE OF MYSTERY #16 (October 2009), Corben and writer Bill Willingham offered a short story titled <i>The</i> <i>Hounds of Titus Roan</i>, in which the master of a secluded house and a young female servant are the only ones left alive after a pack of wild dogs attacks, killing all the staff. It soon becomes obvious that the dogs spared their lives for reasons unknown, and the two are held prisoners in the house for a year, with supplies dwindling.<br />
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DC's THE SPIRIT #7 (December 2010) included a short story by Corben and Strnad in which Will Eisner's enduring hero encounters a werewolf.<br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">At the age of 72, Corben shows no signs of slowing down; and as sure as there'll be a full moon next month, you can bet more of Corben's dogs and werewolves will be howling at it.</span><br />
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<br />Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-18105208616604561112012-05-14T20:50:00.000-04:002018-11-21T10:11:50.018-05:00Let Us Not Forget...The Jolly Entertainers!<br />
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Formed in 1906, the Jolly Entertainers were a children's band composed of five girls and two boys, six of them orphans. Their music teacher, Herman Draper, quit his job as superintendent of an orphanage to pursue an idea: a home in which children would fend for themselves, refusing charity and eschewing government intervention. The home would be funded by the children's own efforts, as they toured the nation giving concerts in every city and town along the way. It was a foolhardy dream, bound to fail. Or was it?<br />
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Herman Mainard Draper was born in Rainham Centre, Ontario, Canada, in 1856. He was the son of a preacher, and had eight brothers and sisters. The family moved to nearby Welland, Ontario, and later to Battle Creek, Michigan. He was a student at Battle Creek Academy, and taught piano. He studied at the Boston Conservatory of Music, and also earned a certificate from the Tonic Sol-Fa College in London, England. Tonic Sol-fa was a simplified method for teaching sight-singing.<br />
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On September 18, 1878, Draper married 20-year-old Annie Pacey of Port Stanley, Ontario, and they had two sons: Harry, born 1880 in Battle Creek; and Cecil, born 1882 in London, Ontario, where the Draper's had taken their vows and where Herman was now teaching Tonic Sol-fa. He also held a class in nearby St Thomas.<br />
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Shortly after the birth of Cecil the Drapers moved to Lincoln, Nebraska, where Draper had a job waiting for him at the University of Nebraska's Conservatory of Music. Draper explained his program in the university's catalogue for the fall term of 1882: "Instruction will include the study of registers, solfeggi, scales and arpeggios; of the different styles of singing; and of English and Italian songs. In the elementary and chorus classes of this department will be introduced the popular Tonic Sol-fa System, which is justified by its great success in England and elsewhere, and the apparent demand for it in this country."<br />
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"Apparent", indeed. Tonic Sol-fa had its opponents, some of them among the faculty. Draper's pupils, they contended, would never be able to read standard notation and participate in a conventional orchestra, and thus their education offered little prospect for a career in singing.<br />
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Within weeks of the start of the term Draper gave a demonstration of his system, but he won no converts among the skeptics. Early in 1883 S. B. Hohmann, Director of the Conservatory of Music, hired another teacher, Louise Seacord, "a thorough musician and superior vocalist". Draper refused to be ousted, and on June 15 he was somehow appointed the new director of the Conservatory. The minutes of the Board of Regents read: "Resolved, that Prof. Wm. M. Draper [sic] be hereby appointed Director of the Musical Conservatory without salary and that the appointment of S. B. Hohman heretofore made be annulled. Adopted." On July 10, his position was confirmed, but Draper's victory was short-lived, as only an hour later the decision was reversed: "Resolved, that the application of Wm. M. Draper for appointment as Director of Conservatory of Music be indefinitely postponed, and that Mr S. B. Hohmann be continued as such Musical Director upon the same terms as heretofore..."<br />
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Draper left, but he wasn't about to give up on Tonic Sol-fa. He gave lessons at local public schools and churches, and placed ads in newspapers. He taught at St Claire Hall, the fall term beginning September 17, 1883. On the 2nd day of the 18th annual meeting of the Nebraska State Teachers' Association, held March 25-27, 1884, Draper gave a performance: "In the afternoon, Prof. Draper, with his class of girls, presented a vocal drill in the Tonic Sol-fa system, which was very admirable." The March 28 edition of the <i>State Journal</i> reported that his "class of 16 girls, ranging in years from 10 to 14, did some excellent work, which spoke louder than words of the superiority of the Tonic Sol-fa system as a teaching medium. The time being restricted to half an hour, his program was of necessity limited, but during the exercises the whole audience of about 300 teachers seemed deeply interested." He was garnering acceptance for Tonic Sol-fa, and for the next two years Draper gave demonstrations and lessons in nearby towns, including Seward. Impressed, the school board of Seward asked him to teach there.<br />
<br />
The Drapers moved to Seward in 1887, but not for long. They went on to Kearney, Nebraska early in 1889, where Draper taught Sol-fa at local schools and put together the Kearney Juvenile Band. Wherever he went, Herman was successful with his musical method: "It has no lines, no spaces, no clefs, no sharps, no flats, no naturals, no time figures, nothing but music in a plain, practicable, sensible notation as simple and natural as the music itself. Children comprehend and enjoy it and can learn to sing by it as readily and as well as they learn to read from books."<br />
<br />
In 1889 it was reported in the Kearney Daily Hub that Draper was "giving extreme satisfaction with his vocal methods of teaching music by the Tonic Sol-fa system in the public schools of this city. The pupils receive certificates for their ability in 'musical memory, singing in time, singing from the modulator, and in ear exercises.' The professor has over a thousand pupils undergoing instruction of whose progress a record is kept."<br />
<br />
He also opened Draper's Music Store, and issued a catalogue for his growing stock of sheet music. He sold instructional books and violin strings, and offered lessons in "piano, violin, guitar and any other instrument..."<br />
<br />
Annie Draper's sister, Edith, died of apoplexy in 1894. She and Herman took in her little girl, also named Edith.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtuDLzcuwTrBPZ0R94D3H2mHQhe_skdWou293dmbfAvqs9f_MdT0bFxFcpDH77xN9GUlP_llsibRq17Rb2l2QrifKvklQNs1A63fsQaNj3l-9Wz4hSfvOPcFQC8J-5rHeyi_SCPUg7nGML/s1600/draper+family.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="485" data-original-width="696" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtuDLzcuwTrBPZ0R94D3H2mHQhe_skdWou293dmbfAvqs9f_MdT0bFxFcpDH77xN9GUlP_llsibRq17Rb2l2QrifKvklQNs1A63fsQaNj3l-9Wz4hSfvOPcFQC8J-5rHeyi_SCPUg7nGML/s400/draper+family.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>1890s:
Herman and Annie Draper, with their two sons Harry and Cecil, and
adopted niece, Edith</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The Kearney Normal School, Business College, and Conservatory of Music opened its doors for the first time to a mere 50 pupils on September 10, 1895, and Draper, one of the school's incorporators, taught there for some time.<br />
<br />
In the late 1890s, the Drapers moved to Calumet, Michigan, in the Upper Peninsula, where Herman opened a new music store and taught voice and various instruments.<br />
<br />
During an extended vacation in 1900, he visited Burley, a socialist colony in Washington, established only two years earlier by the Co-Operative Brotherhood. At that time the colony had a population of 45 men, 25 women, and 45 children. Draper arrived in May and remained as a guest. He had already brought two horns with him, and sent back home for more. Additionally, he borrowed and rented other instruments and formed a children's band, composed of 24 girls and boys. That summer they journeyed to Tacoma and on to Seattle, where a concert was given August 21 at Ranke's hall. <i>The Seattle Post-Intelligencer</i> reported ahead of the event that the band "has already achieved a good reputation. An extensive programme has been prepared, consisting of vocal and instrumental selections. The latter will comprise both band and string music and some fine choruses are included in the vocal numbers." A fall tour of Oregon resulted in a loss of money, and Draper returned to Calumet. Without their leader, the children's band lapsed into oblivion.<br />
<br />
But Draper's interest in socialism continued, and he read magazine's like Burley's own <i>Co-Operator</i>, and <i>Wilshire's</i>, whose publication offices moved to Toronto after the magazine was banned in New York.<br />
<br />
Draper organised the Twentieth Century Mandolin and Guitar Club in Calumet, and within two years its membership grew to 75 kids from 8 to 14 years old. The club had two pianos, one organ, and some fifty violins, mandolins, guitars and brass instruments, as well as stacks of sheet music and instructional books. <br />
<br />
Draper formed a brass band with 18 of the children, and in 1903 he came up with the idea of occasionally utilising the band to raise money for his new goal: establishing a home for children (patterned somewhat after Burley's cooperative model) in which the little orphans would fend for themselves by giving concerts. He also wanted to raise money for a vehicle that could transport his band. <i>The Co-Operator</i> reported that "Brother Draper is putting all he has -- his love, his time, his talent and his money -- into this work, and he calls on all interested to correspond with him..."<br />
<br />
But Draper's efforts must have failed to raise sufficient funds, for it was in 1903 that he accepted an offer "to take temporary charge of a home-finding association supported by charity", the Good Will Farm, a shelter for homeless kids. "I expected they would be able to secure a superintendent within a few weeks, but the board of directors decided they had found one in me, so I stayed on the job for three years."<br />
<br />
There were only a handful of children at the Good Will Farm, though that number would quickly grow. It was an actual farm, located three miles outside of Houghton, not far from Calumet.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYA5kq4fxwieeGQltXeh7YsBFWqVe2ZHnugOIGcIUrJ0t82ipcGS7nB0zYqYgJrXCg-rpW_7YiANXsP5wKn1MqQ0hOf8DnOsvEbi7LaQBIIdeESEOLsK7H8jHOyo5J7UcsvLt_VBFI6M4N/s1600/good+will+farm+children%2527s+home+post+card.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="479" data-original-width="620" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYA5kq4fxwieeGQltXeh7YsBFWqVe2ZHnugOIGcIUrJ0t82ipcGS7nB0zYqYgJrXCg-rpW_7YiANXsP5wKn1MqQ0hOf8DnOsvEbi7LaQBIIdeESEOLsK7H8jHOyo5J7UcsvLt_VBFI6M4N/s400/good+will+farm+children%2527s+home+post+card.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Vintage postcard. The photo was also used for a 1905 newspaper article on Draper and the Good Will Farm.</span></i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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In 1903 a new home was built on the property, which Draper described in an interview two years later: "This is a frame building on a stone foundation and consists of a basement, which is used almost exclusively as a playroom for the children...Here they also have five swings, and one wall is almost covered with band instruments, which are at the disposal of any boy or girl who takes enough interest in music to make use of them, and there is scarcely an hour in the day that some one is not tooting." <br />
<br />
The first floor held the Drapers' private quarters, as well as a school room, dining room and pantry. "The second floor is divided into girls' dormitory, girls' toilet and bathroom, nurseries, sewing room and bedrooms for the help." Above that was the boys' dormitory. Draper was quick to say that the house was "thoroughly up to date", though the grounds needed some improvement. In 1904 they converted a portion of the property into a "lovely little park on the beautiful shores of Portage Lake." The park had swings, merry-go-rounds, seats, picnic tables and a bonfire pit. There was also a barn and stable, where they kept five cows, two calves and three horses.<br />
<br />
Another important feature was the printing press, which Draper taught the children to use: "...we set the type and do the press work for Good Will. With this we are not only disseminating the news of the work being carried on at Good Will Farm to our thousands of patrons, but we are giving our girls and boys the foundation, if not teaching them outright, for one of the most useful trades possible for them to learn."<br />
<br />
<i>The Duluth Evening Herald</i> reported that the farm "is supported by contributions from charitably inclined people. Mr. Draper has organised a band among the children, and they have been giving concerts in several cities in this part of the country for the benefit of the home." The band performed in numerous cities throughout the Upper Peninsula, and their first tour allowed Draper to pay off $500 of $3000 owed on the new house. Newspapers gave glowing reviews of successful concerts, and they were much in demand. The band left July 1, 1906 for a 10-day tour that would prove to be their last.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiixmCbCpMcc0HsNzU8aGj7giTiyMptjHqg2uvaGJ2EOWBUSBPxvEJTRZIMKyD23rD8Bd1KitS5pMGJ5lnMhnynJ7nPnrIFe1wL3mAZ-HELEUVdHZ1yT4Ghsmtu816xvR9wdhSb4uKqzhjV/s1600/good+will+farm+winter+date+unknown.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="380" data-original-width="620" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiixmCbCpMcc0HsNzU8aGj7giTiyMptjHqg2uvaGJ2EOWBUSBPxvEJTRZIMKyD23rD8Bd1KitS5pMGJ5lnMhnynJ7nPnrIFe1wL3mAZ-HELEUVdHZ1yT4Ghsmtu816xvR9wdhSb4uKqzhjV/s400/good+will+farm+winter+date+unknown.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Photo of the Good Will Farm during winter.</span></i></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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The Good Will Farm's independence ceased when they came under the auspices of the National Children's Home Society. Draper explained years later: "The new directors at one of their first meetings passed a resolution requiring me to find homes for all children in the home at once. They also decided, in deference to the wishes of some of the wealthy contributors, not to accept any more illegitimate children, and to accept no babies less than six months old. At a subsequent meeting they passed a resolution requiring me to secure from the mother a waiver of her rights to the child, and they instructed me that under no conditions must I allow the mother to learn who adopted her child." Draper said many years later "my wife and I had to make a definite choice between making money or caring for homeless waifs. We chose the children rather than the cash, and we have never for a moment regretted our choice." He'd been asked to take charge of a home in Thorndyke, Maine, but declined the offer.<br />
<br />
Even before officially leaving his post in mid-August Draper had already reconsidered his plan to start a home in Seattle. Part of his negotiations with the Good Will Farm was that he be allowed to take the children with him, and this request was granted. There were twenty-one children, aged 8 to 16, in his personal care. What he needed now was a vehicle large enough to transport such a large group, and in July of 1906 he made an excursion down to Detroit to inquire about having such a vehicle built. George F. Strong, whom Draper had met in Houghton, was hired for the job. A trade magazine reported in November, "The chassis is being built by the Rapid Motor Vehicle Company, of Pontiac, Michigan. The machine will have 24 horsepower, with an 18-foot wheelbase and 21-foot frame, and will be capable of making 16 miles an hour."<br />
<br />
The Rapid Motor Vehicle Company specialised in building trucks and were known for their Pullman Passenger cars, capable of seating 12 people. The work, which was actually being done in Detroit, was progressing rapidly, as detailed in Automobile Topics magazine: "The car in general outward appearance resembles a street car, having vestibuled ends. It is 26 feet long, 7 feet 6 inches wide and 7 feet high inside. Beneath the seats, which extend along both sides, are lockers for bedding and clothing. At night the car can be converted into a sleeper by means of iron rods strung across the interior, upon which the cushions will be placed, thus providing two tiers of mattresses." Upon completion the car seated 22, and was said to be "the only car of its kind in the country", for which Draper paid $3000, the last of his money.<br />
<br />
But something had gone terribly wrong. Draper was forced to restore the children in his care to the Good Will Farm, which must have been heart-wrenching. Draper convinced the home to make a few exceptions, as he couldn't bear to see families broken up, as they often were. Ultimately, a much reduced party would make the pilgrimage west. The children included Herman and Annie's own daughter, Birdie, as well as Italian siblings Mike and Maggie, and four Norwegian brothers and sisters, Hartel, Doloros, Gudrun and Phillis, all from the Good Will Farm. Postcards were printed to advertise their intentions, showing Draper and the children with their various instruments. This new band of juvenile musicians was called the Jolly Entertainers.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikvmMHgNQeafifTwnqUv8nRNBS-X3y5pyOoo2EmivORF5X4Q5BHTzPySl3hBs5RZRbjOKxN31PzytNXTy8SSE1xOyplLK7isfeG38plc4wvHC9HFYH17JbRXpg2b78tJdzKQyQI4i4AKCl/s1600/jolly+entertainers+band+front.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="642" data-original-width="1123" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikvmMHgNQeafifTwnqUv8nRNBS-X3y5pyOoo2EmivORF5X4Q5BHTzPySl3hBs5RZRbjOKxN31PzytNXTy8SSE1xOyplLK7isfeG38plc4wvHC9HFYH17JbRXpg2b78tJdzKQyQI4i4AKCl/s400/jolly+entertainers+band+front.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Though this card was printed after they moved to Des Moines, Washington in 1908, the photo is of the original line-up of the Jolly Entertainers, probably taken in 1906. Below: the back of the card.</span></i></td></tr>
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<br />
Wasting no time, the Jolly Entertainers made a tour of Michigan and Wisconsin while the vehicle was still in production. Draper and his band left Houghton for the last time on October 31, 1906, and headed for Detroit. Accompanying them were Annie and her sister, Louise McKay ("Aunt Lou"), as well as George Strong, who apparently volunteered to drive the vehicle. Draper had already sent furniture and other belongings to Seattle by freight.<br />
<br />
Draper could have had the vehicle delivered to Houghton and taken a more direct route through Wisconsin, but to avoid nigh impassable roads and harsh winters it was decided they'd go down to Indiana and head west from there. Their first stop was in Jackson, Michigan, where the car was shortened by six feet. The original length was intended to accommodate twenty-one children, but now there were only seven, so the vehicle was impractical. Travel was slower than expected. The top speed of 16 mph was contingent on good road conditions.<br />
<br />
They stopped in Elkhart, Indiana, then Goshen, giving concerts. Their peculiar vehicle attracted attention wherever they went. Trouble began just after Christmas: following a brief stay in Kokomo, they headed south for Tipton, but were forced to turn back, their vehicle breaking down on a farm road four miles south of Kokomo. A farmer fed the hungry group, then hauled the vehicle into his barn. After a phone call to Kokomo, the town officials decided it was best to send the children to White's Manual Labor Institute just outside of Wabash, until Michigan authorities could figure out what to do with them. White's Institute was intended to educate and train troubled and difficult children, and Draper's wards clearly didn't belong there, but it would be many weeks before they were released into his custody.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7QaYlqbe5eB5QngZVJ164041Zdpml8OYUcq_QcmPP3QjttPhgzPDxQw9TqBCxZW8m7x1RfrAUKwSySpek0jo6Rjz_fZwEiY_yf0NjLTSCG227YCgEoaKfl589U1DWkqnz8jKp2-upuFyl/s1600/jolly+entertainers+who+are+they.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="593" data-original-width="900" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7QaYlqbe5eB5QngZVJ164041Zdpml8OYUcq_QcmPP3QjttPhgzPDxQw9TqBCxZW8m7x1RfrAUKwSySpek0jo6Rjz_fZwEiY_yf0NjLTSCG227YCgEoaKfl589U1DWkqnz8jKp2-upuFyl/s400/jolly+entertainers+who+are+they.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Postcard, 1906, letting folks know that the Drapers, as well as the</i> Jolly Entertainers<i>, are moving to Seattle.</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
In the meantime, Draper and Strong were feuding. Strong was owed money for driving, as well as for repairing the vehicle, which he insisted be paid before continuing the journey to Washington. At one point, Draper tried to sell the vehicle, but no one else had use for such an odd contraption. The band played April 10 in Elwood, south east of Kokomo, but went by train. Fortunately, Draper and Strong were able to settle their differences, and the trip resumed in mid-April.<br />
<br />
The spring weather being much more agreeable, they headed north through Illinois. At every stop they made the Jolly Entertainers played on street corners and sold postcards to stir up interest in their concerts. The little troupe explained their mission and the postcards sold quickly. The publicity worked, and the kids rarely played to a house that wasn't filled to capacity. As well, Draper always made sure the local papers knew they were in town, and reviews were invariably positive. En route their act had developed from an instrumental and choral concert into vaudeville, by including dance, comedy skits, plays and poetry recitals.<br />
<br />
They spent the entire month of August in western Montana, playing extended engagements at theatres in Missoula, Sanders County, and Havre. As the roads proved too muddy and treacherous for their vehicle, Draper had it loaded onto a flatbed rail car and shipped to Seattle. The party also took the train, but stayed for a week in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho for a number of performances in September.<br />
<br />
Draper's goal from the beginning was to reach Seattle by September, so that the children could start the school year on time, but they didn't arrive until October. They found a temporary abode in Ballard, which was annexed by Seattle only a few months earlier. The trip had been an ordeal, but wholly necessary. Said Draper, "[A]ll of us have the satisfaction of knowing that each worked his or her own way to the promised land."<br />
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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During their stay in Ballard, the number of children in the home swelled to 20. In general the kids taken in were orphans or homeless waifs. In some cases a single parent dropped them off to take a job far away, and paid for their keeping; when they got back on their feet again, they returned for their little one. "Every child in our home has a story," said Draper. "Almost all of them represent broken homes or broken hearts." In perhaps the most extreme case, one girl, aged 10, had witnessed her mother murdered in their hovel. After a struggle she managed desperately to flee with her little sister. Both were now in the care of the Drapers.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisafmByjYIex0mG5UTrqAtTJVy471mWofZd4iczikrsPte7Zr1s9tDDYC947ezj5srEJKXrzWqt8EsSbrAMykBbr7uLQCkHXPWXLqO3Txr0AxMn1dY3x5g0lOycKeCWcUGtKnnNgc3OfkE/s1600/je+photo+with+names+1907.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="749" data-original-width="962" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisafmByjYIex0mG5UTrqAtTJVy471mWofZd4iczikrsPte7Zr1s9tDDYC947ezj5srEJKXrzWqt8EsSbrAMykBbr7uLQCkHXPWXLqO3Txr0AxMn1dY3x5g0lOycKeCWcUGtKnnNgc3OfkE/s400/je+photo+with+names+1907.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The Jolly Entertainers while still in Ballard, 1907 or 1908. The 7 original members have been joined by a growing mob of little musicians.</span></i></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
In June of 1908 Draper found a permanent residence in Des Moines, situated halfway between Seattle and Tacoma. It was "a run-down hotel with thirty rooms," said Draper, "which could be had for $3,500. I bought it, paying $50 down and agreeing to pay $50 a month till it was paid for." The hotel was built in 1890 by John Hiatt (not to be confused with the Hyatt chain of hotels) to accommodate the population of 212 people in the newly founded logging town.<br />
<br />
The first telephone lines in Des Moines were put up in 1908, provided by the Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Company; otherwise, the town was still in its primitive stages. There was little, if any, electricity. There was no running water -- residents had to pump their own. Outhouses were common, as there were no sewers. The privileged owned a septic tank. There was no highway in or out of Des Moines until 1916, only a wagon-wheel trail. The most popular form of transportation was the "mosquito fleet", the myriad steamers which plied the waters of Puget Sound, connecting communities.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhULa9mCiq-9Kn4lRMaoQSU9IsiJhbNt6ZH8lWkidPCLsmPbB9yiTttLMIHRXIIW9LwcW1MaJJ6SHYW1HKpy1DDSKpfDqDQ9s3RHD_eCXQSRyThuhCM_Ewg9qLbL0PaKNhsGGWo2ien3mke/s1600/hanke+hotel+draper%2527s+children%2527s+home.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="459" data-original-width="597" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhULa9mCiq-9Kn4lRMaoQSU9IsiJhbNt6ZH8lWkidPCLsmPbB9yiTttLMIHRXIIW9LwcW1MaJJ6SHYW1HKpy1DDSKpfDqDQ9s3RHD_eCXQSRyThuhCM_Ewg9qLbL0PaKNhsGGWo2ien3mke/s400/hanke+hotel+draper%2527s+children%2527s+home.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimroeX_dFHv3Feviiu7j9HWZdwg5WcD22vmPY7-sd1sxOTBCyj2InEXgXCKlPTdY6Lv4b9pIxDVmaDoLw2XiwFt8v9kwSHt-9afS5ZxXQlldmvVJxa7hYlciGajj1Ykg1F6tyNIo5tVEJ2/s1600/west+to+hiatt+hotel+draper+home.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="359" data-original-width="500" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimroeX_dFHv3Feviiu7j9HWZdwg5WcD22vmPY7-sd1sxOTBCyj2InEXgXCKlPTdY6Lv4b9pIxDVmaDoLw2XiwFt8v9kwSHt-9afS5ZxXQlldmvVJxa7hYlciGajj1Ykg1F6tyNIo5tVEJ2/s400/west+to+hiatt+hotel+draper+home.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">View of Des Moines, looking west. At right the Hiatt hotel can be seen; it became the Children's Industrial Home for the next two decades.</span></i></td></tr>
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The brood kept growing, consisting of homeless waifs, orphans, and abandoned children, mostly children no one else wanted, or that state-run orphanages weren't permitted to keep. Despite being three storeys high and having 30 rooms, the hotel was small, and the Drapers found it impossible to keep more than three dozen children at a time. The children called Herman "Daddy", and Annie "Mother".<br />
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Draper stated in an interview, "Within our home everybody helps every one else. Housework, simple gardening, and the cultivation of a social instinct which sees the needs of others offers cheery aid, are the domestic studies ceaselessly pursued. Wholesome food, warm clothing, comfortable beds and clean quarters, plenty of sleep and air and play, with a good season of work, combine to make every member self-respecting, responsible, level-headed, and -- best of all -- level-eyed, as shown by the independent look of equality with which our children approach the world when they give to it the very best of what they have in return for what they actually need."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj81L3w7RJnhXU61WVD9YQVBUilIf2W9r2vJT5YLjA2rw4rIp3RUmXfl-JqFakFeHWCcdMrDIQrFE8m2FvhdBX7GzNciahXUzU5esT1563Nc3FJ0xKfKPt2k8lgTl3sGLRZXBOBkqGcHWMd/s1600/postcard+1909.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="716" data-original-width="1118" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj81L3w7RJnhXU61WVD9YQVBUilIf2W9r2vJT5YLjA2rw4rIp3RUmXfl-JqFakFeHWCcdMrDIQrFE8m2FvhdBX7GzNciahXUzU5esT1563Nc3FJ0xKfKPt2k8lgTl3sGLRZXBOBkqGcHWMd/s400/postcard+1909.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Postcard, from a photo taken September 11, 1909. No opportunity wasted, the drum reads "Pictures of the children & home 5 cents each". </i></span></td></tr>
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A barn, also part of the property, was converted into an opera house, with a stage, curtains and scenery, where the kids provided vaudeville entertainment for the locals, usually musical comedy and theatre. Draper had a small water tower built, to provide for running water and a toilet on each floor. In addition, a play area was built on the grounds for the children.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwvEAEZ3yPCd0_-MRlv33Ikim0UQg0XKqMdGtUSvdozUsNFhafeo5WUPo2PYANifSCf9K9zoNeICcCch84JFduHnNVrqVTH5hC9eRVT5uJiaw1VjEn3wcidh4V4E2Z1FMEpbuHR4G38DF_/s1600/playground.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="455" data-original-width="654" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwvEAEZ3yPCd0_-MRlv33Ikim0UQg0XKqMdGtUSvdozUsNFhafeo5WUPo2PYANifSCf9K9zoNeICcCch84JFduHnNVrqVTH5hC9eRVT5uJiaw1VjEn3wcidh4V4E2Z1FMEpbuHR4G38DF_/s320/playground.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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There was also a print shop set up in a little green house out back, "an old shed", as Draper described it. There were three presses (run by gasoline engine), a composing stone, 55 fonts of type, and other tools. (By 1915 there were four presses and 75 fonts.) The press was run by the children, who typeset and printed their own newsletter, The Good Will, as well as programmes and promotional postcards and flyers. The Good Will contained articles written by the children, sometimes essays about their experiences travelling as the Jolly Entertainers. These experiences were summed up in a 1917 newspaper article: "The teachers are carried right along so that their education is not neglected and they are always taken to visit all the interesting or instructive features wherever they stop, having seen already what most children only read about. Going down in the mines, watching the building of ships, going through the great sugar refinery on the coast. On one occasion they saw sugar from the cane to the table and each received a bag of sugar as a souvenir." The paper was published monthly, and yearly subscriptions could be had for one dollar. They also accepted commercial printing jobs: "We guarantee satisfaction and we need your help."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8p3cGSok8LXTLUPmXyrdDGtWO_Libiy0cliC1fp0CBcrARLLXFRa3TQXnmiUyh34dQS2YzDALsvp-OU85n_p8pkWUgiwRSssjn6ECdnN3eftcp3cn-FXWXO1YBvwfHT6WjxYL2o0UFBZH/s1600/kids+book.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="940" data-original-width="655" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8p3cGSok8LXTLUPmXyrdDGtWO_Libiy0cliC1fp0CBcrARLLXFRa3TQXnmiUyh34dQS2YzDALsvp-OU85n_p8pkWUgiwRSssjn6ECdnN3eftcp3cn-FXWXO1YBvwfHT6WjxYL2o0UFBZH/s400/kids+book.jpg" width="277" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Perhaps
their most ambitious printing effort, a small (6" x 4") book, 92
pages. It contained a history of the group, as well as jokes, plays, poems and articles by the children. Small press publishing at its finest. The price was
steep, but the cause worthy.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5Tpb1rVqXV_DWEjGONEW-FNukl4d8zszIxD7ZSO9SNGoXYqQwrBhz9ZNxXSkJ9pbELStI9eBnuu-hMmXsgwPb3hQT4ThQUCW7l8j4SKcQ2j00uGls7Zy_UouKowucRsIn6pQMxL0HPdZk/s1600/our+band+babies.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="992" data-original-width="570" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5Tpb1rVqXV_DWEjGONEW-FNukl4d8zszIxD7ZSO9SNGoXYqQwrBhz9ZNxXSkJ9pbELStI9eBnuu-hMmXsgwPb3hQT4ThQUCW7l8j4SKcQ2j00uGls7Zy_UouKowucRsIn6pQMxL0HPdZk/s400/our+band+babies.jpg" width="228" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Early photo, date unknown.</span></i></td></tr>
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Draper also taught the boys how to repair cars and trucks. The girls learned how to sew and knit.<br />
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The Jolly Entertainers travelled in a caravan of trucks, with "Daddy" and "Mother", and usually with one or two teachers in tow. The children brought their school books. They also brought their toys, said Draper: "They are ever anxious to romp and play with the children they meet in the towns and cities, and the dollies and trinkets must go with them on their little journeys." Wherever they went on their tours, the Drapers were always able to find overnight lodging for the children. This usually wasn't a problem, for, if there weren't enough hotel rooms available, the good citizens of the community would take in three or four at a time. As one newspaper put it, "Instead of finding it difficult to place the children there were not enough in the party to go around." Where possible they camped out in tourist parks or municipal parks.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3VELEV_xYGQjPqKyUyOFa_sBaHVE7XmtFpK3ZFK-TQezI2Apqj5Ixm3RHzVx8DkRvPyU8vRc6BvNRITKjBE8L8MR0lMfjwbDF1mKBKU1KpLA9xm66F2EKPlRlXSZl5IaX1FnHRR_RpjCj/s1600/on+stage+post+cardb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="692" data-original-width="1100" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3VELEV_xYGQjPqKyUyOFa_sBaHVE7XmtFpK3ZFK-TQezI2Apqj5Ixm3RHzVx8DkRvPyU8vRc6BvNRITKjBE8L8MR0lMfjwbDF1mKBKU1KpLA9xm66F2EKPlRlXSZl5IaX1FnHRR_RpjCj/s400/on+stage+post+cardb.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Rare view of the Jolly Entertainers in performance. Date unknown, but early in their career.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzt6nrafwd7f5XhiD4rb_DzXtaJX9yEd0QW2IF0ru_l97m9GO8U12G5-hd6tX84byj4mWyydP6CsjRHrDUuow0Jqv_k360sCdrX0R3yOIC_mv86lBbkHQ4ZXbA8NBeD1tFRYBu_4dCkQIQ/s1600/children%2527s+industrial+home%252C+des+moines%252C+washington+c1909.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="767" data-original-width="1200" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzt6nrafwd7f5XhiD4rb_DzXtaJX9yEd0QW2IF0ru_l97m9GO8U12G5-hd6tX84byj4mWyydP6CsjRHrDUuow0Jqv_k360sCdrX0R3yOIC_mv86lBbkHQ4ZXbA8NBeD1tFRYBu_4dCkQIQ/s400/children%2527s+industrial+home%252C+des+moines%252C+washington+c1909.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">This photo was used on postcards as early as 1909.</span></i></td></tr>
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Draper described his home as perhaps the only self-supporting children's home in the world: "We do not have any support from the county, town or any public institution or state. The only way we make money to run the home is by giving concerts in different cities." And so they did. Within the first three years they performed hundreds of concerts in the state of Washington alone.<br />
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The children attended public school in Des Moines, and the entertainment provided by the Jolly Entertainers was secular. Draper said, "I do not cram religion down the children's throats. We try to live the Sermon on the Mount. Each morning we sing a few gospel songs, read a few verses in the Bible..." But he didn't teach them to turn the other cheek: "Frequently town children pick on our boys. I say to my boys, 'No one but a coward picks a fight. I never want you to strike the first blow, but I want you always to strike the last one.'"<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg95WZglT-zQ3wjin5jZmaWBCm7zYoXSUpyANJQ4ud1yHqli5oWsfrwS_A203BIZLcvjkCSDs82PXp0a_S2ChCJp1DqBq2Aur2lgwrdSg2ruxx7aebIzvirSQZ-B9c6Tz4SVEb3kxq1w3s/s1600/jolly+entertainers+de+moines%252C+washington+1910.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="937" data-original-width="1600" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg95WZglT-zQ3wjin5jZmaWBCm7zYoXSUpyANJQ4ud1yHqli5oWsfrwS_A203BIZLcvjkCSDs82PXp0a_S2ChCJp1DqBq2Aur2lgwrdSg2ruxx7aebIzvirSQZ-B9c6Tz4SVEb3kxq1w3s/s400/jolly+entertainers+de+moines%252C+washington+1910.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirqFRyNOd-RVGQo6JFoucsFncSgummNTDtfcHXgbzqVNOhWQ-Mpmzg7qQkZiI0KQ4dw6oqmVEvpzAlwrhTyJXU6wf0ZZQKS51izzyer3nW0VaBlkVWc5Ux5Yv6bDp8q1sRnWjUQGz76Tb5/s1600/folded+card.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1268" data-original-width="1600" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirqFRyNOd-RVGQo6JFoucsFncSgummNTDtfcHXgbzqVNOhWQ-Mpmzg7qQkZiI0KQ4dw6oqmVEvpzAlwrhTyJXU6wf0ZZQKS51izzyer3nW0VaBlkVWc5Ux5Yv6bDp8q1sRnWjUQGz76Tb5/s400/folded+card.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Folded card, 1912. Draper's manifesto.</span></i></td></tr>
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Draper was convinced he and his wife gave the children all the love, care and fostering they needed. Before leaving Houghton Draper had stated that their Seattle home would "be for the purpose of furnishing a residing place for the boys and girls until permanent homes can be found for them." He would soon change his mind about giving the kids up for adoption. One of the home's fold out cards stated: "We have no children to give away or place in homes. This is their home and here they remain until they grow up and want to leave."<br />
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Their concerts were successful, if not financially, at least critically. Attendance was good, and often houses were packed, always to appreciative audiences, as the many newspaper reports attest. An excerpt from a 1911 newspaper article describes in some detail one of their earlier shows:<br />
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<i>The program was a continuous play and was pronounced the best ever given by these little folks.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>The first was a scene on the street. A bunch of children on their way to a picnic are met by Uncle Josh, who is persuaded to go along. They are followed by Happy Hooligan and Gloomy Gus, who also go to the picnic and get "filled up."</i><br />
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<i>Scene 2 is the picnic full blast, children swinging, skipping, playing ball, boxing, etc. Uncle Josh is there, according to agreement, gets dumped out of the swings and has a general good time. Happy and Gloomy are the biggest toads in the puddle and the only break in the festivities is the appearance of a cop who attempts to arrest Happy, but the tables turned on him. Scene 3 finds a host of people buying tickets for the "big show". Scene 4 is the big show, given by the Lilliputians and it certainly is a "Big Show". This part of the program is made up of the most catchy songs, beautiful motions and poses, marches, graceful dances and the most laughable vaudeville ever presented on a Port Townsend stage by young performers.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>The company will remain over and give another program tonight with an entire change of bill.</i><br />
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The price for the evening show was 35 cents general admission, 50 cents for reserved seats, and 15 cents for children under 14. Draper said he paid "from five dollars to one hundred fifty dollars rent for a theatre, depending on the size of the town."<br />
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No venue left untrodden, they even performed for a Washington chain gang in 1910. The children met them at the gate upon their return from work.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1q7zfNPkeblknJ3w4uTZtli1VlywpmEMyQrhmNOGL9k6U3Kh3CsplJxkPQ8pxxzUM6jZn4kNXdGtkx7ZaXK-0JB1i0HsU3kU9BqBsdHEpwiubbcc-JF7bPZmhqd2H2JYkwRipgJBDgefP/s1600/jolly+entertainers+summer+1910.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="893" data-original-width="1600" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1q7zfNPkeblknJ3w4uTZtli1VlywpmEMyQrhmNOGL9k6U3Kh3CsplJxkPQ8pxxzUM6jZn4kNXdGtkx7ZaXK-0JB1i0HsU3kU9BqBsdHEpwiubbcc-JF7bPZmhqd2H2JYkwRipgJBDgefP/s400/jolly+entertainers+summer+1910.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Summer, 1910.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgnyI9oJ4P6KwKADQQzvaDL1Km1eBDHE2RNqTYLjQEp1xCYP_H_IZ3g5A8CPWWviRxpEeN73OaxOez0xS_vEWAwBkpdUb71QH2dLtvm7eajNWRHA-6Ce8n4CIw2Wn_HX-fGWKjSX_qgf3z/s1600/draper+and+band.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="661" data-original-width="1024" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgnyI9oJ4P6KwKADQQzvaDL1Km1eBDHE2RNqTYLjQEp1xCYP_H_IZ3g5A8CPWWviRxpEeN73OaxOez0xS_vEWAwBkpdUb71QH2dLtvm7eajNWRHA-6Ce8n4CIw2Wn_HX-fGWKjSX_qgf3z/s400/draper+and+band.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Draper didn't forget his roots. The Jolly Entertainers often toured Canada, mostly the Western Provinces.</span></i></td></tr>
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But Draper's Home and the way it was maintained had its opponents. In April of 1912, the Jolly Entertainers were playing in front of the Imperial Hotel in Portland, Oregon, when someone from the Child Labor Commission stopped them, as ordered by Mrs Millie R. Trumbull, who, according to an interested party, was "in communication with a minister in the State of Washington who is endeavouring to close Mr. Draper's home for the children. A bill to turn such homes over to the state was introduced at the last session of the Washington Legislature, but was defeated. There is no reason why Mr Draper's home should be closed, for he is doing a good work for orphans and half orphans. They are receiving a musical education by which any of them may go out and earn a livelihood." Mrs Trumbull didn't see it that way. "She said all institutions for children should be in charge of the state."<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNeBUbUruylzRdG9g8W5i5_4B0zzifWLo9Y3p7gY3i2XGF-EGPe5wXPa1hP5oG0cmgqFfXqJl5vreR3IiTIR_51Pr1ZetJzsdSU3rkVLf7AqM5-T1B4hdZ8wVagncxWU-mFrNTmcOt0XIQ/s1600/jolly+entertainers%252C+little+falls%252C+washington%252C+april+15%252C+1912.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="748" data-original-width="1200" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNeBUbUruylzRdG9g8W5i5_4B0zzifWLo9Y3p7gY3i2XGF-EGPe5wXPa1hP5oG0cmgqFfXqJl5vreR3IiTIR_51Pr1ZetJzsdSU3rkVLf7AqM5-T1B4hdZ8wVagncxWU-mFrNTmcOt0XIQ/s400/jolly+entertainers%252C+little+falls%252C+washington%252C+april+15%252C+1912.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Later that year they had to cancel two shows in Moscow, Idaho. According to Draper, "the probate officer and prosecuting attorney had evidently come in contact with some old fossil, who wanted to become conspicuous as being interested in the welfare of children, so they interpreted the child labour law so closely that they would not allow us to perform in the theatre or even play on the street..."<br />
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Busybodies like these were annoyances that Draper had to deal with now and then, along with the occasional police officer upholding a by-law preventing the children from performing in the street.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbLAma7yaM4Ed6WI3XCe1GR6VpNUJFrbRzXlDCVENPuq0-Rs5KwIcITPpprbAMzEPKRICcTuIAro_xRcqYuCyWsESDZ2nQztPow4BYlb-SNiwkM3lP74nQx5zqPX3wBI0yGxKqBI_UhUMv/s1600/folded+postcard.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1427" data-original-width="1132" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbLAma7yaM4Ed6WI3XCe1GR6VpNUJFrbRzXlDCVENPuq0-Rs5KwIcITPpprbAMzEPKRICcTuIAro_xRcqYuCyWsESDZ2nQztPow4BYlb-SNiwkM3lP74nQx5zqPX3wBI0yGxKqBI_UhUMv/s400/folded+postcard.JPG" width="316" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Folded postcard; this vehicle was probably used for local jaunts.</span></i></td></tr>
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The Jolly Entertainers performed in Washington all year round, especially locally, and toured widely during the three months of summer vacation. They were a hard-working band, as the following will attest. They toured California extensively in 1914, in an effort to raise enough money to pay off their mortgage on the Home. Draper must have been granted a special dispensation, for they began their long journey in the middle of the school year, January 14, taking the O.W.R. & N. (Oregon-Washington Railroad and Navigation Company) and Southern Pacific railroads from Washington down to Porterville, in the middle of California, then on to Modesto, where Draper bought a three-ton truck, a new body built to accommodate passengers and baggage. Draper wrote in a 1915 article, "On this machine they carried sixteen trunks of costumes, scenery and school books, two large laundry baskets, thirty hand grips and boxes, twenty-three horns and thirty people, seats being arranged for the passengers above the trunks and other baggage."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifp6NR2AGneH6weVl-Kdia9f1iCW9JIdVRGsRHFwXUtkaaM3BtdvgAdcAlojBJt7PecQB0ytBM0GVfGKAPmEHOvYBhqJPqlanmXNuzcd5NO2i2_Uksm2BQGrwzsmQdFqM45j0KCPi39TFo/s1600/ashland+tidings+%2528oregon%2529+feb+23+1914.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="995" data-original-width="727" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifp6NR2AGneH6weVl-Kdia9f1iCW9JIdVRGsRHFwXUtkaaM3BtdvgAdcAlojBJt7PecQB0ytBM0GVfGKAPmEHOvYBhqJPqlanmXNuzcd5NO2i2_Uksm2BQGrwzsmQdFqM45j0KCPi39TFo/s400/ashland+tidings+%2528oregon%2529+feb+23+1914.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Newspaper ad from February 23, 1914.</span></i></td></tr>
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After numerous performances in many towns along the way, the stopped in Benecia, near San Francisco, where they purchased another truck, as well as a 50 x 100 foot tent (which they erected if a town had no theatre or opera house to perform in), 200 chairs and a piano. From there they travelled north, with Portland, Oregon as their goal. "The roads varied from the finest concrete to a common country wagon road, sometimes of hard clay and others of sandy loam, gravel or solid mountain rock."<br />
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Sometimes the route was downright treacherous: "The bends in the road at times were so abrupt that our huge trucks were often obliged to move back and forth three or four times before making the turns, at other times they would be scraping rocks on one side, with the mountains extending hundreds of feet above them, while on the opposite side the wheels would ride within a foot or two of the edge, overlooking a steep precipice or a yawning abyss below..."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4q3ZXuAOPgoszPBurWMoqYzmp08XjObWGr1gJX0kKQr8rWuvIun-KUy_dma1xG5QZQnAjy-XcW_356rxhjw0H6LsKbyc3Szjm66tjtNO7KlbgWqMC3UYSK62WOZ-OHmh_mP3nMnIazn1p/s1600/rough+road+california+1914.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="857" height="237" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4q3ZXuAOPgoszPBurWMoqYzmp08XjObWGr1gJX0kKQr8rWuvIun-KUy_dma1xG5QZQnAjy-XcW_356rxhjw0H6LsKbyc3Szjm66tjtNO7KlbgWqMC3UYSK62WOZ-OHmh_mP3nMnIazn1p/s400/rough+road+california+1914.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">A photo taken during their gruelling 1914 tour of California.</span></i></td></tr>
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While crossing the Trinity river one of the trucks crashed through the bridge. Fortunately it was only the baggage car. It took four hours to free the truck, during which time the kids took their school lessons. After that they carried planks and built their own road for 300 feet up a sandy incline, then ran "into a forest so dense and our trucks being so wide that we had to cut down a few trees and chop off branches to get through them." They also had to ford ten streams, and got stuck in one overnight.<br />
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They spent ten months in California, and "performed in 121 different towns and cities, in many of the finest theatres and opera houses of the state. Entertained the students of over 200 high schools and grammar schools, two state normals, two insane asylums, two state prisons, visited the great oil fields and wells at Coalinga, the gold fields at Oroville, the San Francisco world famous Golden Gate park, the seal rocks, Cliff house, ostrich farms, entertained in the Palace hotel, were invited as guests to theatres, spent a whole evening in Chinatown..."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDa286bETKAPJbVLgBubV9LOzjHB6HI5dpozn-xcmZSbAdB9ccCWdVJnCwgKMLc0cF3IGu34F584PcM46HoG6mX69Au8XZJoXOFvKVPGP4o0tmyLLP7xkUlIeqlfYaYrX5tWt4Cw9fp18t/s1600/elks+temple.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1005" data-original-width="1600" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDa286bETKAPJbVLgBubV9LOzjHB6HI5dpozn-xcmZSbAdB9ccCWdVJnCwgKMLc0cF3IGu34F584PcM46HoG6mX69Au8XZJoXOFvKVPGP4o0tmyLLP7xkUlIeqlfYaYrX5tWt4Cw9fp18t/s400/elks+temple.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Draper was a member of the Elks.</span></i></td></tr>
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Draper ran into considerable trouble December 31st of that year. The Municipal Charities Commission received word from the State Board of Charities and Corrections "that an organisation consisting of twenty-five children and seven adults, and known as the 'Jolly Entertainers', was travelling in two auto-trucks towards Los Angeles, where it expected to give entertainments, chiefly musical in nature, for the purpose of raising funds to enlarge a children's home located in Des Moines, Washington."<br />
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The Commission's investigation of Draper's Home was less than thorough: they simply wired the editor of Welfare Magazine in Seattle. The reply was terse, of course: "Institution without trustees or equivalent; several prominent men at first approved withdrew several years ago. Children no good training; taken out as entertainers. Property in Draper's name. Now acquiring additional place. Washington Labour Commission tried to suppress bill but found institution legal."<br />
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The Commission concluded that Draper was exploiting the children for his own profit. When he reached Los Angeles and applied for a permit to perform there they were refused, as it violated the State Child-Labour Law, which prohibited children under the age of 12 from providing entertainment. Despite the refusal, Draper made arrangements at a theatre to have the band perform. He and Annie were arrested that evening, and Draper was given a sentence of 180 days in jail and a $250 fine. The trucks and all the scenery and equipment were seized.<br />
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The next day a meeting was held. Present were representatives of the State Board of Charities, the Los Angeles Humane Society for Children, and the National Child Labour Committee, as well as the Drapers, the children, and their teachers. A proposition was made by which Draper could be set free. The agreement read:<br />
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<i>We, the undersigned, hereby give you our solemn promise not to give any more performances in the State of California or en route, and to return immediately and directly with the children under out control to Des Moines, Washington, and we further promise that as long as these children are under our control or that we conduct our institution, that we will not give any public performances except those authorised by the Central Council of Social Agencies of Seattle, and that we will at once incorporate our institution as a Children's Home, to be maintained and conducted as such according to the laws of the State of Washington and the recommendations of the Central Council of Social Agencies, Seattle.</i><br />
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It was signed by Herman and Annie, and arrangements were made to send them back to Seattle by boat. Draper violated his parole by stopping in Oakland to secure a pardon from the Governor. It wasn't granted. Once they were back in Washington, beyond the reach of California authorities, it was business as usual for the Jolly Entertainers.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik4WmrpBXsWR7gsmcYgts4ZCstNPLAq5KinqNy7zAF0_Lp829KDf9HWS-31q3aeyax0mbMriA3eqFABEkQbBy1xF6Sv-yimWR8lt2FUN0J2Jt0S5NFNpAsSewgn_gqUonuwu3VeLw2Ze7r/s1600/davenport+washington+oct+28%252C+1915.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="793" data-original-width="1251" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik4WmrpBXsWR7gsmcYgts4ZCstNPLAq5KinqNy7zAF0_Lp829KDf9HWS-31q3aeyax0mbMriA3eqFABEkQbBy1xF6Sv-yimWR8lt2FUN0J2Jt0S5NFNpAsSewgn_gqUonuwu3VeLw2Ze7r/s400/davenport+washington+oct+28%252C+1915.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Money was never solicited, but Draper said he wouldn't refuse a "friendly donation". A 1920 flyer sent round to labour unions asked that each member contribute one penny to the home: "It certainly seems small, but think what it means to those children!" But he stopped short of calling it charity: "Oh, no! These kiddies print 'Good Will,' and for each dollar sent as per capita on the one-cent basis they will send a copy of their little paper, which should be passed around at your next union meeting, so that as many members as possible may read it and pass it on to others."</div>
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When the children grew up, they left the home, but a few stayed on. By 1914 two of the original seven Jolly Entertainers were old enough to assist Draper in teaching the children. Later, a fellow named Lloyd Sawner became the stage manager for the Jolly Entertainers, arranging lights and special effects for the shows. Julia James, nine years at the home, became a band leader, helping to rehearse the kids.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgixxCE5q7Vs5_mxU9QL0tzvGIuCgonDx6SYqzxLqEa73SO-ppSs08sfPZotm4J-TdA6i_w0xpx1pbZkahv7na24T1T_2WztqnHz-IExZ3QfHbD6DCmm0YwbtbZOkq-EPYHVkedlAm3LBkS/s1600/juvenile+quartet+1913+post+card.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="751" data-original-width="1200" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgixxCE5q7Vs5_mxU9QL0tzvGIuCgonDx6SYqzxLqEa73SO-ppSs08sfPZotm4J-TdA6i_w0xpx1pbZkahv7na24T1T_2WztqnHz-IExZ3QfHbD6DCmm0YwbtbZOkq-EPYHVkedlAm3LBkS/s400/juvenile+quartet+1913+post+card.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Above and below: Post card dated Christmas 1913 showing the "Juvenile Quartet", a sort of act within an act.</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFiqL51ki0wIT13h-YzOZB5ua0rpGtwPq-a0iX6EijXKIxsCS5LPQo-JNdSH-7tLkKXW2yvKquLc-ftjS5m_anJ2AKgf63X3_Qv1SHKCMG_qFF-nv0DsEuV1PqUd27j7fHKbIB9rzYRXZ2/s1600/juvenile+quartet+1913.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1200" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFiqL51ki0wIT13h-YzOZB5ua0rpGtwPq-a0iX6EijXKIxsCS5LPQo-JNdSH-7tLkKXW2yvKquLc-ftjS5m_anJ2AKgf63X3_Qv1SHKCMG_qFF-nv0DsEuV1PqUd27j7fHKbIB9rzYRXZ2/s400/juvenile+quartet+1913.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Around 1918 Draper bought 5 acres of property adjacent to his, which extended to the waterfront, and converted it into a park. He built a playground for the children. Over the creek that ran down the middle of the park a bandstand was erected, and beside it a small wooden foot bridge. Though private property, the park was open to anyone, and a shelter with a large brick fireplace was provided for picnickers. The park also operated as a campground, for which Draper charged a fee. The September 1919 issue of "Good Will" described the "monster picnic" at the official opening of the park on Sunday, July 20:<br />
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<i>All day long a large steamer plyed the waters between Seattle and Des Moines loaded with capacity crowds. A continuous stream of autos of every description came over the new brick highway. The big dancing pavillion with accomodations for 1000 people was one busy whirl of happy dancers and in the beautiful park owned by the Children's Home were over 10,000 Elks and their families seated at tables and lunching on the hillsides and on either side of the beautiful little stream that runs through the park. The Elks and Marine band gave some fine concerts under the trees, and of course Daddy Draper's kiddies gave quite a program of solos, choruses and band numbers.</i><br />
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On October 31, 1921, courtesy of the <i>Seattle Star</i> newspaper, the kids of the Draper home, Mother Ryther's home, the Theodora home, and the Washington Children's home were treated to an afternoon screening of Mary Pickford in "Little Lord Fauntleroy", based on the children's novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett. All 150 of the excited kids piled into the Coliseum's balcony seats. Buses to transport them were paid for by local businesses. Two days later Draper's kids and the children from Mother Ryther's were treated to a special performance at the Colonial theatre by Jack Hoxie, a star of western films. Formerly in Wild West shows, he no doubt thrilled the youngsters with his roping expertise.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcM0xZMtJahduZQDhXNs29_4ZqjzUl7Yh5kTUY4pgUzj8uIYz74rvYd1U3cOt362yWlWfFm5FJMPLNqoweR6KXAbUsdrkEFVWSlFyC-1NxHRdTm8CfNQR60-oZLxWx60GoNG9_vJJfpPKX/s1600/new+ford+1922b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="689" data-original-width="900" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcM0xZMtJahduZQDhXNs29_4ZqjzUl7Yh5kTUY4pgUzj8uIYz74rvYd1U3cOt362yWlWfFm5FJMPLNqoweR6KXAbUsdrkEFVWSlFyC-1NxHRdTm8CfNQR60-oZLxWx60GoNG9_vJJfpPKX/s400/new+ford+1922b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Their new Ford "Pullman", 1923.</span></i></td></tr>
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It seems the Jolly Entertainers were inspirational at times. A Portland magazine reported that after their appearance there in August of 1922, there was a marked increase in sales of instruments. The local populace were certainly charmed by 6-year-old cornet player, "Baby Edna", who was a hit with audiences everywhere.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLQ7nI6UdsNTSrSqKlbFUxkUwR-Lp2vASu68cKoi8qXEZ8RzltzMlI-z3DCl5VaHO9wGJ5H4Ul_B0WFYzYoiX1CIzEZfCWrHQ_QndN8BcdcQFMby0YuC1pGHhXvJVIFp1JsGOs1s7vxDxJ/s1600/baby+edna+and+draper.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="454" data-original-width="298" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLQ7nI6UdsNTSrSqKlbFUxkUwR-Lp2vASu68cKoi8qXEZ8RzltzMlI-z3DCl5VaHO9wGJ5H4Ul_B0WFYzYoiX1CIzEZfCWrHQ_QndN8BcdcQFMby0YuC1pGHhXvJVIFp1JsGOs1s7vxDxJ/s400/baby+edna+and+draper.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Draper, with Baby Edna, performing in the street, c. 1922.</span></i></td></tr>
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Their longest tour began in June of 1924. In August they made a stop in Battle Creek, Michigan. None of the current members of the Jolly Entertainers had even been born when the original lineup left that state. They travelled down the east coast to Florida, where they stayed for the winter. A teacher was brought along, and their grades were sent back to the school commissioner in Spokane, Washington.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfk-OD0T3IxL8Rn7CBoxmYVArVBeHX1LmhqR07OtfwGW3JYLSXQRr83atyE6GiTuqYGbiheXYtztBWHny0b7P7Y_f0ezeGTggdE6nP_wpjkOLXCVSF9yjIFqb-ZfK_lltcLWfVragraZ9d/s1600/1925+florida+postcard.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1006" data-original-width="1600" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfk-OD0T3IxL8Rn7CBoxmYVArVBeHX1LmhqR07OtfwGW3JYLSXQRr83atyE6GiTuqYGbiheXYtztBWHny0b7P7Y_f0ezeGTggdE6nP_wpjkOLXCVSF9yjIFqb-ZfK_lltcLWfVragraZ9d/s400/1925+florida+postcard.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The Jolly Entertainers stayed in Florida during the cold months of 1924/1925. Below: The back of the card. Baby Edna's presence drew larger audiences.</span></i></td></tr>
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Draper once said that the kids they took in to the home were never "picked": "We go to the gutter almost for much of our material. We take them as providence sends them, and make of them what we can. It is not our desire or aim to make great artists of the children, nor to urge them to follow the stage in after life. The entertainments are a means to an end. That end is to make real men and real women of our charges. Some of the children may fall short of the mark. But there is no indication of failure in a single individual now. Anyway, if failure should come in later life it will not be because of a start in the wrong direction."<br />
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The Jolly Entertainers were able to support their Des Moines home for 19 years, but on April 13, 1927 Annie died suddenly from heart failure. Her funeral was held four days later, without Herman, who had suffered a stroke earlier that morning. He had a second stroke the next night, April 18, and died at home at the age of 70.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3hyoVumT9NdMNOCw9ZRHJpLymwm5XE2LgxdSqLutZieX3WqnGXmUkNcIjxvHV1ijh05jxdDzrbBbVG2mIN22vigGiM4IzdQv9QVBqkWnq3iCIlzMY60rLJaUXvrxYKpKAIcuM4QR6qz53/s1600/steps+1922.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="442" data-original-width="574" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3hyoVumT9NdMNOCw9ZRHJpLymwm5XE2LgxdSqLutZieX3WqnGXmUkNcIjxvHV1ijh05jxdDzrbBbVG2mIN22vigGiM4IzdQv9QVBqkWnq3iCIlzMY60rLJaUXvrxYKpKAIcuM4QR6qz53/s400/steps+1922.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The Jolly Entertainers, circa 1922.</span></i></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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It was a terrible loss for the children, and no doubt a living nightmare, as their world was turned upside down and their future was in doubt. Matron Elizabeth Oak took charge, but they were now depending on charity, which they were bred to shun. In November, it was thanks to the goodness of other children that they lasted much longer: A newspaper account read, "Forty youngsters at the Des Moines Children's home will eat chicken, sweet and white potatoes, salad, pumpkin pie and all the trimmings of a regular Thanksgiving dinner today. And part of it will be provided through the generous giving of Des Moines school children. All day yesterday trucks and automobiles delivered gifts from school children, including everything from canned goods to potatoes. Hundreds of jars of canned fruit, vegetables and jam last night lined the shelves of the storage cellar. Barrels and barrels of apples, squashes, pumpkins, carrots and turnips were included in the offering. The produce should last the home for many months..."<br />
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Unfortunately, the home couldn't be maintained without the guidance, inspiration and management of "Mother" and "Daddy" Draper, and so the Children's Industrial Home was closed, and the hotel eventually demolished.<br />
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But the children were always determined never to sink into historical oblivion. The Harrington Opera house, built in 1904 in the tiny town of Harrington, Washington, was bought and restored in recent years, except for the walls of the dressing rooms, which were left untouched, a relic of the past. The children were only too happy to deface the walls with their signatures, and "The Jolly Entertainers, Sept. 18-19, 1916" is visible, along with other such scribblings for each time they performed there. Way to go, kids!<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Camping in East Potomac Park, Washington, DC, November 25, 1924</span></i></td></tr>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-5633952582551810232012-03-15T14:13:00.006-04:002012-03-20T10:29:56.702-04:00Mirthful MarieWho says a comic book has to be good? Marie Severin does! She's been an artist, an inker, a colourist. She's worked in production, doing touch ups and corrections, and designing cover layouts and house ads. And she could draw superheroes, barbarians, and humour with equal aplomb.<br />
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Marie was born in Oceanside, Long Island, in 1929. She and her brother John grew up in an artistic household, where her father fostered their talent and encouraged them, but she otherwise had no formal art training, except for a brief stint at the Cartoonists and Illustrators School, co-founded in 1947 by Tarzan artist Burne Hogarth. Her parents wanted her to go to Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, where her father had gone, but Marie was more interested in getting out there and making money.<br />
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Her brother John was working as an artist at EC comics, where, in those early days, the paper quality was poor and the colouring often done by the engraver, who didn't care about artistic integrity. John told publisher William Gaines that his sister could do a far superior job. She was hired, and ended up colouring virtually all of the EC line of comics, as well as working in the production department.<br />
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</div>Marie learned her craft while on the job. "I just picked it up being in the production department, learning how this stuff was reproduced. They sent me to the plant a couple of times..."<br />
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Marie says Gaines and writer/editor Al Feldstein "had a great pride in what they were doing" with EC comics, and that pride rubbed off on her: "I would also proofread the colours. They would send a 'flat', they called it, of the books, the whole book, and you would check that the colour was in the line, that they interpreted it correctly."<br />
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For Marie, mood was an important part of colouring. Colour was "like music in the background. I think of coloring as the music in comic books." She was diligent: "I would be a little more thoughtful in the scenery and costuming of people, be a little more realistic, and I tried to introduce interesting colours and pastels," says Marie. "So I made a reputation there and it hung on."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Starting in the early 1970s, Russ Cochran published a series of large-sized EC portfolios and had Marie hand-colour a small number of the black and white prints.</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"> </div>At EC Marie shared an office with Harvey Kurtzman, creator of MAD, where she sometimes doubled as his research assistant, "because Harvey Kurtzman loved to have all the details correct on his war stories, even down to I had to go to the armoury once with a duffel bag full of books to see if I could verify things with it, and I had a camera and I had to photograph how a soldier loads and shoots a bazooka...and I was a young lady then walking around in heels. You feel like a jerk, you know...but that was part of the job, too. But I think it was that they wanted to do a good job to make it sell, and they just took a lot of pride in their work."<br />
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Although Marie was learning the art of storytelling while on the job at EC, she felt she wasn't ready to draw comics. "I never even approached anybody to do that. My stuff was very amateurish." She also felt intimidated by the top-notch artists in the company's fold: "When you're surrounded by guys like John Severin, [Jack] Davis, [Wally] Wood, [Johnny] Craig, etc., you know your place!"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJg3rHWMVWMCNKpQtk9vxaE9Cqff7ipFKi5e43JQ9YtQUjDKiafe1llKiysqLsd-mcYsi4vCgS5pptK1SNvpcGWAPGVJkCdOLLv1gaPF8GLTMBZ_6JquuzS9uou_kdnDgbHkosS5EotJcV/s1600/ec+bullpen+1950s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJg3rHWMVWMCNKpQtk9vxaE9Cqff7ipFKi5e43JQ9YtQUjDKiafe1llKiysqLsd-mcYsi4vCgS5pptK1SNvpcGWAPGVJkCdOLLv1gaPF8GLTMBZ_6JquuzS9uou_kdnDgbHkosS5EotJcV/s400/ec+bullpen+1950s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Fantastic EC fan club sketch by Marie, early '50s. She can be seen near top right.</span></i></td></tr>
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</div>But the graphic gore in titles like TALES FROM THE CRYPT, VAULT OF HORROR, HAUNT OF FEAR and CRIME SUSPENSTORIES didn't escape the attention of crusaders like psychiatrist Frederick Wertham, who suggested that such comics corroded the moral and mental health of children. Attacked by Sen. Kefauver and betrayed by the <i>Comics Magazine Association of America</i>, Gaines eventually cancelled all of the EC titles except MAD, which became a black and white magazine in 1955, beyond the reach of the <i>Comics Code</i>, so Marie had to seek work elsewhere.<br />
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She was gone, but not forgotten by Bill Gaines (and the entire EC staff), who thought she was a "living doll". In 1972 he said: "She was also probably the best damn colourist in the history of the comic industry. She's gone on to much better and greater things today, but I'll always think of Marie as <i>my</i> colourist."<br />
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Al Feldstein added: "You have to give Marie Severin credit for selling a lot of the covers that were done in black and white, but were really brought to life by her colour."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Throughout her career Marie drew cartoons and caricatures of her co-workers. "Mr. Lee" was apparently a staffer on the business end at Entertaining Comics. As you can see, they played rough at the EC offices. It's all fun and games until someone loses an eye -- or gets shot in the back three times.</span></i></td></tr>
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</div>Marie and her brother went to work for Stan Lee at <i>Atlas Comics</i>, but not for long. According to Stan Lee, publisher Martin Goodman made a bad decision: he gave up his own distribution company and went with the <i>American News Company</i>, which then went out of business a couple of weeks later, leaving Atlas without a distributor. Atlas had to downsize their line of comics -- and their staff. Says Marie, "Everything just died. Stan had to decimate, and it was just awful for him. He must have been miserable." Still, Marie says Atlas comics, now adhering to the Comics Code, weren't selling anyway, because "there wasn't anybody getting shot, or killed, or cut up, or anything..."<br />
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</div>For the next several years Marie did a variety of commercial art jobs. In 1964, bored and wanting to get back into comic books, she sought employment at <i>Harvey Comics</i>, which gave her "the runaround", so she tried <i>Marvel</i> (formerly Atlas), whose new superhero comics were selling like hotcakes. "I went in to Stan with this portfolio with all this stuff in it, and Stan never looked at it." He didn't need to. He was already familiar with Marie's many talents, and, anyway, they needed a hand in the production department for Marvel's rapidly expanding line of comics. Stan was jumping with joy when she showed up.<br />
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She also shared colouring chores with <i>Archie Comics</i> artist Stan Goldberg, "although he [Stan Lee] liked Stan Goldberg's colouring better than mine!"<br />
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With the sudden departure of SPIDER-MAN and DR. STRANGE artist Steve Ditko in 1966, she and another newly-returned artist, John Romita, were charged with illustrating those titles. "They had nobody else to do it," says Marie. "I was never that ambitious; I never came into the office saying, "Ooh, I want to do <i>Dr. Strange.</i>" Marie was to make it a habit of colouring her own work: "I always tried to color everything I did. It needed all the help it could get," she says. "I draw for the color of it. I think of it while I'm drawing it." <br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Strange Tales</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #158 (July 1967)</span></i></td></tr>
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</div>She and John Romita and Herb Trimpe were the last artists that Stan had time to work closely with; he would talk over plots with them and analyse their pencilled pages panel by panel, making suggestions. "I thought it was a great learning experience," says Marie.<br />
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Next, Marie started drawing the Hulk for TALES TO ASTONISH in 1967. "So often girls start out and everyone wants them to draw <i>pretty things</i> and they're taught to draw <i>pretty things</i> and then they can't draw <i>the Hulk</i>. See, I didn't care. I draw awful things, and hideous things, and fun things and silly things."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tales To Astonish</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #93 (July 1967)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoJritEFQiF2Ej-d_HQl-Y08Rjqe5Ab2hsuTM2kg3D1W15mKwC7QTWd8zZXChcuQ2kiRjZqV4QUHVRkCGLezFGk6XXkTu5p0odv0ayHbu1y-r2756GXklXT1EddlMcT8at_nH83H9h5imt/s1600/tales+to+astonish+100.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoJritEFQiF2Ej-d_HQl-Y08Rjqe5Ab2hsuTM2kg3D1W15mKwC7QTWd8zZXChcuQ2kiRjZqV4QUHVRkCGLezFGk6XXkTu5p0odv0ayHbu1y-r2756GXklXT1EddlMcT8at_nH83H9h5imt/s400/tales+to+astonish+100.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tales To Astonish</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #100 (February 1968)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXPUxEvA2jJu4vwTgFrhYZe8d2XPgjfpwkEuGArI1Qsrny7-MOq6KRDNbEWCSU9wX0EOG8LofVna3kBBy1SJaFqtZx7q4jOicqFS4EcOHVpDL_GlZhD9fg4xRukGKvz762fNmfOxMxorxY/s1600/hulk+105+original.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXPUxEvA2jJu4vwTgFrhYZe8d2XPgjfpwkEuGArI1Qsrny7-MOq6KRDNbEWCSU9wX0EOG8LofVna3kBBy1SJaFqtZx7q4jOicqFS4EcOHVpDL_GlZhD9fg4xRukGKvz762fNmfOxMxorxY/s400/hulk+105+original.jpg" width="261" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Incredible Hulk</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #105 (July 1968)</span></i></td></tr>
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</div>Alas, Marie was taken off THE INCREDIBLE HULK (as TALES TO ASTONISH was now called) in 1968, and given the task of drawing the Submariner. Her replacement on THE INCREDIBLE HULK was Herb Trimpe, perhaps the Hulk's most famous artist, with inks by her brother John. Says Marie ruefully: "I wanted John with me on the Hulk, but they put me on Submariner, and Herb and John worked on the Hulk, and I was very disappointed. I wanted to see what John would do with my Hulk..."<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl365eb246S6ZzkBoIb3WBCFfkgsdvysseZem6bWyzMJT_y44SmNYrMrFmHQ8GQV37rusddLNOGWXsPykWJB9hyphenhyphenNJLrq6E3G97ywZngfrR5KGfznV6IxUvZhyE6Nd35F_RQQOQ1xsZDAwB/s1600/subby+9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl365eb246S6ZzkBoIb3WBCFfkgsdvysseZem6bWyzMJT_y44SmNYrMrFmHQ8GQV37rusddLNOGWXsPykWJB9hyphenhyphenNJLrq6E3G97ywZngfrR5KGfznV6IxUvZhyE6Nd35F_RQQOQ1xsZDAwB/s400/subby+9.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sub-Mariner</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #9 (January 1969)</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnXUTIGINLbDwuqeRo4JCI4fzVPVcMOGsmxOcvt_U3FbFEhh6gsXzCgTeTOO-S1F30n6zp82naAuKoCpsC5D2SU6Y7VDkcXK8POQX9Lb1qj2jS15mcB3lckYm5ZzoeLVtwpNR1kuQG6mDf/s1600/subby+bullpen+splash+page.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnXUTIGINLbDwuqeRo4JCI4fzVPVcMOGsmxOcvt_U3FbFEhh6gsXzCgTeTOO-S1F30n6zp82naAuKoCpsC5D2SU6Y7VDkcXK8POQX9Lb1qj2jS15mcB3lckYm5ZzoeLVtwpNR1kuQG6mDf/s400/subby+bullpen+splash+page.jpg" width="273" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Splash page (no pun intended) for</i> Sub-Mariner<i> #19 (November 1969). Marie drew the whole furshlugginer Marvel Bullpen into the scene. Above Subby is <b>John Verpoorten</b> (with camera); behind him is <b>Marie</b> herself; to her right, with glasses, is <b>Roy Thomas</b>; below him, <b>Morrie</b> <b>Kuramoto</b>; leaning over Subby is <b>Gary Friedrich</b>; at top, running towards group, is <b>Tony</b> <b>Mortellaro</b>; the bald guy at top right is <b>Larry Lieber</b> (the family surrounding Larry are friends of Marie's); waving to the reader at middle right is <b>Stu Schwartzberg</b>; lower down, in the Hawaiian t-shirt, is <b>Sol Brodsky</b>; beside him with the towel is <b>Mike Esposito</b>; and beside Mike (or behind him, if you will) is <b>Don Heck</b>; grinning at the reader above the credits is <b>Bill Everett</b>; gasping in awe in the striped tank top is <b>Herb Trimpe</b>; above Herb, with the goatee, is <b>Stan Lee</b> (whoever he is); beside Stan is <b>John Romita</b> (with towel); the lady with the bathing cap next to John Verpoorten is <b>Flo Steinberg</b>; behind Flo is <b>Frank Giacoia</b>. There were a couple of other staffers Marie couldn't identify.</i></span></td></tr>
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</div>Perhaps her most famous -- or infamous -- "correction" was in 1968, when she altered Jim Steranko's mind-blowing cover for THE HULK KING-SIZE SPECIAL #1 by redrawing the Hulk's face. (Incidentally, she also illustrated the issue.) If anything, Marie's version of the Hulk was much cuter.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3y5sCY59TaqkOu04v5pa6KOilwPIHfiblU4A99SnRLqoMLsV3fmD_eNm5aDwFNyTKTKYca_cjSepTr9PB0ooMJME42sg2qdeVnAFtkDDihltBxqH_S7pEMFB8X4M39l1YM5LrMPNRtTwn/s1600/hulk+annual+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3y5sCY59TaqkOu04v5pa6KOilwPIHfiblU4A99SnRLqoMLsV3fmD_eNm5aDwFNyTKTKYca_cjSepTr9PB0ooMJME42sg2qdeVnAFtkDDihltBxqH_S7pEMFB8X4M39l1YM5LrMPNRtTwn/s400/hulk+annual+1.jpg" width="272" /></a></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPi5PTMmewOpS47m-Qylv-fE638_iM2kmGiEQ42FzVzI9xb0yw6-OEqkjWDABHRpumQRtdFkmHDcZddmyNpJ4AtBLTVT5e6rRFj1zfyJlUGixyf4vsOjaSeQsb014W0w3b7H4fTNN7lRHk/s1600/steranko+hulk+king+size.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPi5PTMmewOpS47m-Qylv-fE638_iM2kmGiEQ42FzVzI9xb0yw6-OEqkjWDABHRpumQRtdFkmHDcZddmyNpJ4AtBLTVT5e6rRFj1zfyJlUGixyf4vsOjaSeQsb014W0w3b7H4fTNN7lRHk/s400/steranko+hulk+king+size.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jim Steranko's original art for</i> Hulk King-Size Special <i>#1</i></span><i> <span style="font-size: small;">(1968)</span></i>.</td></tr>
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</div>Though she admitted to liking <i>Batman</i> and <i>Superman</i> as a young girl, Marie says she wasn't that interested in drawing superheroes, was never a fan. As with some of the older generation of comic book professionals, drawing comics was more of a job to her, that put a roof over her head and food on the table.<br />
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A full-page illustration by Marie from STRANGE TALES #158 (July 1967) was used as the cover for Pink Floyd's 1968 album <i>A Saucerful of Secrets</i>.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQAkHDYpsPlD2MRigxOdAtzjQSWurz0vNGHr4WZzLdZ1U6QuKHND4fzp7YNZxmyMs7vjo4fPwGm07eOPiS1TRQO_QfZzZ6ZRb_olnkoJmO-fQuHiXiBONMaqmCxcxUeITLbcGhKN685YO8/s1600/strange+floyd.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQAkHDYpsPlD2MRigxOdAtzjQSWurz0vNGHr4WZzLdZ1U6QuKHND4fzp7YNZxmyMs7vjo4fPwGm07eOPiS1TRQO_QfZzZ6ZRb_olnkoJmO-fQuHiXiBONMaqmCxcxUeITLbcGhKN685YO8/s400/strange+floyd.jpg" width="276" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJBLBDf7grhYidaO41zk88MmbAmZ7Xp1CG0YhHGimE8zJoS2ykG97ftMxntO8xE6f0bMuIvcuQffu2phwTiecqoe-s23V8fIS2lZNsHY6n9-q4gFWR7LAI7qUC91WtzaYvpESvbQptt2q/s1600/saucerful+of+secrets.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJBLBDf7grhYidaO41zk88MmbAmZ7Xp1CG0YhHGimE8zJoS2ykG97ftMxntO8xE6f0bMuIvcuQffu2phwTiecqoe-s23V8fIS2lZNsHY6n9-q4gFWR7LAI7qUC91WtzaYvpESvbQptt2q/s320/saucerful+of+secrets.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Pink Floyd's</i> A Saucerful of Secrets <i>(June 1968) album cover, a collage using much of Marie's art from a Dr. Strange comic, obscured somewhat by a psychedelic haze.</i></span></td></tr>
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</div>During this period (1967-1969), Marie was also contributing to Marvel's self-parodying humour comic, NOT BRAND ECHH. (According to the indicia in the first four issues, the comic was actually called "Brand Ecch".) Humour being her strongest suit, she is well-remembered for her stint on that short-lived title, reminiscent of early issues of MAD.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsUYEcvgGolfUeREQ3KzQKcSZNzy9TMa_Isu1ZVB8jmIOte5dJfHoxX8EiA9tBT3lXqW1hQyBd_AngCyN26jXJwWIN9drA1BHTxQaiU1uP49jCcAyZO0ASDU0NcfkrZYdEiSGx7aOO_NHr/s1600/nbe+3+original.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsUYEcvgGolfUeREQ3KzQKcSZNzy9TMa_Isu1ZVB8jmIOte5dJfHoxX8EiA9tBT3lXqW1hQyBd_AngCyN26jXJwWIN9drA1BHTxQaiU1uP49jCcAyZO0ASDU0NcfkrZYdEiSGx7aOO_NHr/s400/nbe+3+original.jpg" width="317" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original cover art for </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Not Brand Echh</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #3 (October 1967).</span></i></td></tr>
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidrc_-Y-ynPe9CfADUGZZ6qtHNkLJtXNUznyDWlORa5zKZLWAqCaEYyYaL8ImNWva0JHzjlv385LtrAJ7VquqcyFqrUEMC5CtGy4EuVU9VH4meQsisCJzTWO9JyTtd5IlBCIpCQulDSNIG/s1600/Captain+America+prelim+Severin+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidrc_-Y-ynPe9CfADUGZZ6qtHNkLJtXNUznyDWlORa5zKZLWAqCaEYyYaL8ImNWva0JHzjlv385LtrAJ7VquqcyFqrUEMC5CtGy4EuVU9VH4meQsisCJzTWO9JyTtd5IlBCIpCQulDSNIG/s400/Captain+America+prelim+Severin+2.jpg" width="270" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div>In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Marie also drew or designed a great many covers for just about every Marvel title. If she didn't care for superheroes, it certainly didn't show in her work. Her rough cover layouts from this period, even if given to other artists to work from, are often works of art in themselves. Her figures are bold and dynamic, the action ferocious and explosive and gripping, with a level of violence toned down by other artists. She was outdoing the men at their own game, letting loose as the heroes and villains smashed through brick walls and pulverized and mangled each other furiously, almost murderously. The bold lines and brush strokes made it seem like Marie held her pencils and brushes in an angry, clenched fist.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxEK6b8Bcve4fvSObeuFIOXOn3Yx5aMdy226T4HzvJ1oeQ0-lFLq3IM59bf7vfGIoNHL8SNLfPgPj2bMMe-XIeSpXKKBr-H53mRXMayZUs8bQdTOAf8cVXUsiKRC-QRfYl5UkXr4ycgKTD/s1600/marvel+tales+28+7ev.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxEK6b8Bcve4fvSObeuFIOXOn3Yx5aMdy226T4HzvJ1oeQ0-lFLq3IM59bf7vfGIoNHL8SNLfPgPj2bMMe-XIeSpXKKBr-H53mRXMayZUs8bQdTOAf8cVXUsiKRC-QRfYl5UkXr4ycgKTD/s400/marvel+tales+28+7ev.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Marie's powerful cover for </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Marvel Tales</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #28 (October 1970), inked by comics veteran Bill Everett. Occasionally the two would collaborate, and use the signature "</span></i><span style="font-size: small;">E7V</span><i><span style="font-size: small;">".</span></i></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3YUt7sEOaV7Zzzmu644ZrSyiCFShmHdfS4D6uODIbieL6wbg0yiTJDJV_emEXpXvWdE39D9X5tp_wPPA8EeMMEm-Z2zs0f9bPX5jzNMTi6luXfLLYzYjLwzx6G9crDDSg26RB8lZ3lWW9/s1600/astonishing+tales+sketch.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3YUt7sEOaV7Zzzmu644ZrSyiCFShmHdfS4D6uODIbieL6wbg0yiTJDJV_emEXpXvWdE39D9X5tp_wPPA8EeMMEm-Z2zs0f9bPX5jzNMTi6luXfLLYzYjLwzx6G9crDDSg26RB8lZ3lWW9/s400/astonishing+tales+sketch.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW909ovt40uHfwkCy71tx1ks7B-mJT25Ut3VaIAfMMjEM98YW6vyDBg-y8ieejDAoUQiw1P3Ai1fT6hChaHwrZE-q6J_geVWYxSOPpNIloxECRSVUfgLiz2jDe0TaT3CREkyEfUwlZxRJb/s1600/marvel+tales+30.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW909ovt40uHfwkCy71tx1ks7B-mJT25Ut3VaIAfMMjEM98YW6vyDBg-y8ieejDAoUQiw1P3Ai1fT6hChaHwrZE-q6J_geVWYxSOPpNIloxECRSVUfgLiz2jDe0TaT3CREkyEfUwlZxRJb/s400/marvel+tales+30.jpg" width="303" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDXaeKR_yBdOPG-QCdjHwB8zBXsng6phGBwCGU3-hepFTRg7FuUUkQg-Jq5xBVi9gYtI9smEQyw9D11i7oQPwxpO2Mms51fkdw5LTJAZKL56gLcjUTmgYj7b9NahjXboFScXZG77fqpkw2/s1600/cap+rough.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDXaeKR_yBdOPG-QCdjHwB8zBXsng6phGBwCGU3-hepFTRg7FuUUkQg-Jq5xBVi9gYtI9smEQyw9D11i7oQPwxpO2Mms51fkdw5LTJAZKL56gLcjUTmgYj7b9NahjXboFScXZG77fqpkw2/s400/cap+rough.jpg" width="308" /></a></div><br />
</div>Commercially, CONAN THE BARBARIAN, Marvel's adaptation of Robert E. Howard's sword and sorcery hero, wasn't doing too well, but they gave his other, earlier hero, <i>Kull</i>, a shot, in CREATURES ON THE LOOSE #10 (March 1971), drawn by fan-favourite Bernie Wrightson. (The original cover by Wrightson was rejected, and a new one drawn by Herb Trimpe, inked and coloured by Marie Severin.)<br />
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KULL THE CONQUEROR #1 (June 1971) followed, with art by Ross Andru. Andru also did the cover, but his figure of Kull left a little to be desired, so once again Marie was called in to make changes. Andru's backgrounds were left intact, but Marie pasted up her own drawing of Kull.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKZW0dSpWmeJieVgc5RsaT84jNrI-64KdMiC1IMX_d2QZcl8iFUvAo363cItKOahgQPHPDa5KJFNftI4gVor2FkVBRS20XzBiwE4dY6B-n4LAo9EL-K1n4A1sMjNeBWkYN3NWqgPuHr3cy/s1600/kull+original.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKZW0dSpWmeJieVgc5RsaT84jNrI-64KdMiC1IMX_d2QZcl8iFUvAo363cItKOahgQPHPDa5KJFNftI4gVor2FkVBRS20XzBiwE4dY6B-n4LAo9EL-K1n4A1sMjNeBWkYN3NWqgPuHr3cy/s400/kull+original.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Original art for the cover of </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Kull the Conqueror</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #1 (June 1971). As you can see, Marie pasted her drawing of Kull over Ross Andru's drawing. The Andru/Buscema signature was removed for the printed cover.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhieW0qMZKhgcQq6JQdUItHb9ZsDoSV_A_CNN9kxQEVg2y2crn2ldyfIRnJRG_16tc5rMPpte2aMpmaIudcjp_SDU1XoajwedmSJGXmtyxi2rzl4fi1rOXODdTY3F9Nn72DICB3_YhfS5t3/s1600/kull+the+conqueror.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhieW0qMZKhgcQq6JQdUItHb9ZsDoSV_A_CNN9kxQEVg2y2crn2ldyfIRnJRG_16tc5rMPpte2aMpmaIudcjp_SDU1XoajwedmSJGXmtyxi2rzl4fi1rOXODdTY3F9Nn72DICB3_YhfS5t3/s400/kull+the+conqueror.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Marie and John Severin, cover for </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Kull the Conqueror </span><i><span style="font-size: small;">#4 (September 1972).</span></i></td></tr>
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</div>Marie finally got to work with her brother John, illustrating KULL THE CONQUEROR #2 (September 1971). Apparently, she'd wanted to work with him for years. An item from the <i>Marvel Bullpen Bulletins</i> for November 1968 reads: "Every time we wanna make Merry MARIE SEVERIN happy, we promise that her brother, Long-JOHN SEVERIN, will soon be inking one of her ginchy yarns! (And, he will -- soon as he gets the time!" Of her dramatic work, KULL was the only comic she was satisfied with, "because that was so much like the storybooks that, when John and I were kids, we loved so much, because it was done with that old-fashioned tradition, and we always liked Howard Pyle and the old fairy tale books."<br />
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Despite Marie's wonderful pencils and John's detailed inks, the book was put on hiatus, but the brother/sister team continued where they left off the following year, with issue #3 (July 1972). Mike Ploog, another amazing artist, took over with the eleventh issue. Marie and John would later team up for some Kull portfolios.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3JC29lwxj2_Ctk0w71Ghr4iMTPdJDzdsJIkvu7HeymC24DID054-tlm7whVdZL1KOa8kQ7fVWIe1Bypv78ooHIA3UeYxtZUuq0Ge0_7rU3UZj5JXQXc9aYJjwqhbsg82WgwxNO2of2ZAD/s1600/kull+portfolio+pencils.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3JC29lwxj2_Ctk0w71Ghr4iMTPdJDzdsJIkvu7HeymC24DID054-tlm7whVdZL1KOa8kQ7fVWIe1Bypv78ooHIA3UeYxtZUuq0Ge0_7rU3UZj5JXQXc9aYJjwqhbsg82WgwxNO2of2ZAD/s400/kull+portfolio+pencils.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Illustration for a </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Kull</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> portfolio, without John's inks.</span></i></td></tr>
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</div>Marie drew the origin issue of THE CAT in 1972, with fellow EC artist Wally Wood, who inked her pencils. The Severin/Wood art was gorgeous, but Marie was embarrassed by her old friend's usual sense of feminine pulchritude: "Oh my God, Woody drew it like she's wearing Saran Wrap!"<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzTm6z9nqkq9w6-CPK3ERAAOLmyUCm_ZOZDdACT_yGbKBi8MzG8c9R_dLOHLKiIQEGI2cIzEOeJSgIlNqHfUn88H93DjgkHt7-TVwu_pZWCdL3lj3MPk6Z5LdxSPo3HZNwvlRQeKqCNByy/s1600/claws+of+the+cat.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzTm6z9nqkq9w6-CPK3ERAAOLmyUCm_ZOZDdACT_yGbKBi8MzG8c9R_dLOHLKiIQEGI2cIzEOeJSgIlNqHfUn88H93DjgkHt7-TVwu_pZWCdL3lj3MPk6Z5LdxSPo3HZNwvlRQeKqCNByy/s400/claws+of+the+cat.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Cat</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #1 (November 1972)</span></i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirq51feQCmtnZRZi-SiMF_fdJsfGD3_OPFiuViZzjJlrMpEkHBx2q7idEtiSUiXzmfHK49Rkpbhfhfl2ltCem_ZCdJyqpPS7UzCO-8lVK2s2VZGopS-yIn0102oGl-BFK0hK1D42xegd2J/s1600/mirthful.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirq51feQCmtnZRZi-SiMF_fdJsfGD3_OPFiuViZzjJlrMpEkHBx2q7idEtiSUiXzmfHK49Rkpbhfhfl2ltCem_ZCdJyqpPS7UzCO-8lVK2s2VZGopS-yIn0102oGl-BFK0hK1D42xegd2J/s1600/mirthful.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The nickname says it all!</span></i></td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
As a staffer Marie worked nine to five, but took pages home with her if she needed to finish something. "I usually was pretty honest about how I vouchered it," she says.<br />
<br />
Though NOT BRAND ECHH was cancelled, Marvel provided Marie with other outlets for humour, notably SPOOF, ARRGH!, and the black and white magazine, CRAZY. SPOOF debuted in 1970, with parodies of "Dark Shadows" and "The Mod Squad" by Marie -- and then disappeared. It resurfaced with issue #2, over two years later, but, like ARRGH!, it was cancelled before long.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPAp21Mcuyh6cjfBe_UT-LwadXUZWcV9okAnzHYTIa76X09begh3psoYD9nidYBpcrCGrPJstmxp7XYmNcRM-tn__9qGYGn7VDvRQk-1NFSLXXhQqVDie_Q7VqLC9QOfz_SY5a2VF31yaw/s1600/dracula+lives+sketch.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPAp21Mcuyh6cjfBe_UT-LwadXUZWcV9okAnzHYTIa76X09begh3psoYD9nidYBpcrCGrPJstmxp7XYmNcRM-tn__9qGYGn7VDvRQk-1NFSLXXhQqVDie_Q7VqLC9QOfz_SY5a2VF31yaw/s400/dracula+lives+sketch.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>This is supposed to be a cover rough for </i>Dracula Lives!<i> magazine, but Marie seems to have gone above and beyond the call of duty.</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div>Marie's greatest humour triumph was as a contributor to CRAZY MAGAZINE, which debuted in 1973. Perhaps inspired by the contemporary MAD, it was at first world's apart from their more famous competitor. MAD was mostly lucid -- it tried to make sense of an incomprehensible world. CRAZY was absolutely insane, with no rhyme or reason. Eventually, especially after whacko writer/editor Steve Gerber quit the magazine, the once hilarious mag became a poor MAD imitation, along the lines of CRACKED (where Marie's brother was now working), filled with hack writers and artists. Marie also left the mag before long, but not before winning the comic book industry's Shazam award for best penciller in the humour division for both 1973 and 1974, as well as for best humour story, "Kaspar the Dead Baby" (from CRAZY #8), along with writer Marv Wolfman.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvFoFPx8hPSlWbecquBI5mOLdSnAAEnBzHhZ27JgIZZMMcC6rwbgTQ15iNWq3-njEB_xDyTahPWaK7vZyQRk8m8LxaUQw0hanOXtvhGp5dvtMVZHvFCsZWVbrBeQsCTsFdkM3P87e4HaoI/s1600/crazy+charming+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvFoFPx8hPSlWbecquBI5mOLdSnAAEnBzHhZ27JgIZZMMcC6rwbgTQ15iNWq3-njEB_xDyTahPWaK7vZyQRk8m8LxaUQw0hanOXtvhGp5dvtMVZHvFCsZWVbrBeQsCTsFdkM3P87e4HaoI/s400/crazy+charming+2.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Marie's outrageous art for the back cover of </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Crazy Magazine</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #7 (October 1974).</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilJazUdsjmSUQD98IxcrAFiPDvT-UI_elBzAtrGA4O1eO4qGSSJed0lWjYf9i5cf8p80uVmfIsJ3kGMjlosprbMucLXyyIk6Sxrdp4HEtn-p0RvqjNDZxc4ByN8sP_kwFo7fOZpgC3PyVP/s1600/crazy+bouncy+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilJazUdsjmSUQD98IxcrAFiPDvT-UI_elBzAtrGA4O1eO4qGSSJed0lWjYf9i5cf8p80uVmfIsJ3kGMjlosprbMucLXyyIk6Sxrdp4HEtn-p0RvqjNDZxc4ByN8sP_kwFo7fOZpgC3PyVP/s400/crazy+bouncy+2.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Marie's even more outer and more rageous art, for the back cover of </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Crazy Magazine</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #8 (December 1974).</span></i></td></tr>
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</div>One of the great artist/inker teams was John Buscema and Alfredo Alcala. Their black and white work in SAVAGE SWORD OF CONAN is equalled by few and unsurpassed. In 1977 Marie did these two giants justice when Conan appeared in the second issue of the slick magazine MARVEL SUPER SPECIAL, where perhaps her most beautiful paint job was reproduced in full colour.<br />
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Unfortunately, by the mid-1970s Marie was needed in the production department more and more, which gave her less and less time to draw. Most of her work was seen in house ads. Marvel wanted younger, hipper writers and artists, the work for the older generation was drying up, and Marie's contract was terminated in 1996. Her comics output may have been sporadic after the '70s, but she never lost her hand, and her artwork for DC's BATMAN BLACK AND WHITE VOL. 2 (2003) is just as fabulous as ever.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div>Though she finds today's computer colouring "gorgeous", she says "I think it's overdone when a page of colouring takes somebody half a day to paint and it's read in about three seconds. The economy doesn't make sense to me."<br />
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Stan Lee said in a 1998 interview: "She was great at humorous cartoons; she did the Hulk and all these serious strips, one of the best colourists in the business; she's a wonderful person with a great sense of humour; always cheerful and great to work with. She was also stylized; you could always recognise her work, with that slight touch of cartooniness in the serious artwork that gave it a certain charm. I'm crazy about Marie."<br />
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<i>Below, all of Marie's covers for</i> NOT BRAND ECHH. <i>Jack Kirby drew the cover of the first issue, and Marie did the remaining twelve.</i><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQSY8L0JjJhviER2r4mgyRWIVOzPJKGOZuBe81SEHB3kTOWlex4wBkyaKTAvtk1SdMOCg_A6E8KJgrLtTQm_AS59cgfaW81vxxezjtpMj2PQ53A4OxH_pcqxa4dBSquZf6guaBCBf2sp3Q/s400/nbe2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="265" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #2 (September 1967)</span></td></tr>
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</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhImRAnRLV1loqMcesUjfsCa4zpc5mrpru6yG1aeLLNK3-o92MgpvR4mJ4B6KcqyqjxoCLBUOB8YM3CNg0YAiPdoZmPEJnBtVpQGUBIBhoTwJIwkAtbK4dLEVb8bAad8jdpq1fQaKGQ6upq/s1600/nbe3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhImRAnRLV1loqMcesUjfsCa4zpc5mrpru6yG1aeLLNK3-o92MgpvR4mJ4B6KcqyqjxoCLBUOB8YM3CNg0YAiPdoZmPEJnBtVpQGUBIBhoTwJIwkAtbK4dLEVb8bAad8jdpq1fQaKGQ6upq/s400/nbe3.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #3 (October 1967)</span></td></tr>
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</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3XIzqOAhelqatu6W1ZAi2CbVg_TBJOeW1Esn8HvVSM8d1J6VJsw9k9BwqEELXoHsu4rAcqat8cFyeW-Y2QtX32uax9PN6kkOtWHT7AD8Lz5nOBZVm7KuA4EVAR-blS8lfP-5_E_lDgQjV/s400/nbe4.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="262" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #4 (November 1967)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigyWVvIdv7sZGn1wVMlUirTtw50W-AlW3i2et0m5BEA27ot03NWmYIEGMiKZ1JLLX7P8qNzyzx777Q9cblEz7m9rKJ2jS4TmnK31JNjn1jknA572lQM4vaqsyCkcagGJOmRBb5akYqYB6h/s1600/nbe5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigyWVvIdv7sZGn1wVMlUirTtw50W-AlW3i2et0m5BEA27ot03NWmYIEGMiKZ1JLLX7P8qNzyzx777Q9cblEz7m9rKJ2jS4TmnK31JNjn1jknA572lQM4vaqsyCkcagGJOmRBb5akYqYB6h/s400/nbe5.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #5 (December 1967)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZKgFgmktZ_tI_B5I8VR7yyg_LpEdRpTqPVvEHu6ag9R12X-ph272hzNloipv8f9lMzUIoA0Bxx7VvgWm_Wja6Er5kXyxaWspiUEhwW-8Tb7cOziSHpGkgxtvsIC35_ssYnBOAPW8wIXJ0/s400/nbe6.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="262" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #6 (February 1968)</span></td></tr>
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</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5botTgc5fEwv-iYIpkMFzNcfC6V5G8Bf6LFBbg4L97zTLvFEHrO2A5QYqzJsSiY4DBQLEfgx-I2THI4BTjVFXq9KnfxvF72IA1ICyNwWzUa36bMMjO0Bipzq3_CUzKIlhDPCtGInjAgiN/s1600/nbe7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5botTgc5fEwv-iYIpkMFzNcfC6V5G8Bf6LFBbg4L97zTLvFEHrO2A5QYqzJsSiY4DBQLEfgx-I2THI4BTjVFXq9KnfxvF72IA1ICyNwWzUa36bMMjO0Bipzq3_CUzKIlhDPCtGInjAgiN/s400/nbe7.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #7 (April 1968)</span></td></tr>
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</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Rasd_U7YwUz79dmCpHZEzS3Kt_48iuKAyFqIAylRcOPvUPRPyhnaTZHhP-MceJSt-I9mnPBmK4-LhvC-m26VhqkBzw0C_xXnyrcLV0nKNtXlp9ZUbqqdEJzlpsNJDROLkBP_mQwg7iwm/s400/nbe8.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="268" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #8 (June 1968)</span></td></tr>
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</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYUORNCp_s-DkMsYVfVqfcGfz-QPIx4evCpEhYjFPJpQRWZQ6vEQfa1SAsPt7bZ6pHR6gyEPhIH4qOmfUHOFCufOC-jnPJunHVs1Z7oind_tPYA2KQ2vlBP7LfQ62OneB_JCqX0irN1UgY/s1600/nbe9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYUORNCp_s-DkMsYVfVqfcGfz-QPIx4evCpEhYjFPJpQRWZQ6vEQfa1SAsPt7bZ6pHR6gyEPhIH4qOmfUHOFCufOC-jnPJunHVs1Z7oind_tPYA2KQ2vlBP7LfQ62OneB_JCqX0irN1UgY/s400/nbe9.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #9 (August 1968)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbjxi-5lIAqHTZ6AOqryUnhQAtfCBqNjSjjHM83lGpQ6cYm5ATBRm58jUh71Xnh2E4rH95L6Y051OFqPorrq8AEo9_xIzWC7bg1U-BD7PBjyw52FZbnBYxZhWfucOoBpuLNv53h7diALf5/s400/nbe10.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="272" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #10 (October 1968)</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGuPsyXIOFvhNCAkPHNZaPZOr535mFQMaQFdm-ijbXCFK5z5fgucpjwb6tHDD3C84ngkxM_mkP_Qafl6tUwnSfsUB5M0DUp_rRpF9f4i93nOju7mnoOccepsQUoV0e2vI-F41nKro_1cU2/s1600/nbe11.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGuPsyXIOFvhNCAkPHNZaPZOr535mFQMaQFdm-ijbXCFK5z5fgucpjwb6tHDD3C84ngkxM_mkP_Qafl6tUwnSfsUB5M0DUp_rRpF9f4i93nOju7mnoOccepsQUoV0e2vI-F41nKro_1cU2/s400/nbe11.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #11 (December 1968)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2dssy5DlfzAA4S62sLRBwBHa_OEdV7UF80B_iu-3EMpTswVjOAOyK35Ekf96HUnEmEG_D112nW9_LpXD6qpKFVMWxUjJnHQbrGXKWKz4LdOCfBpOBo2W_o21gw06ZmHXc_neHecWhCfHz/s400/nbe12.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="268" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #12 (February 1969)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggb3J0RPDiowL6JTJNNSb_94SPNtoWUXgxfIGpoxQwUFcSSEEjHlq87DRFSU5j7dYH29C8m2Efz0Dcg-fjQTm1hyphenhyphenxDUQRU5gOhVKtf92teFkRH46AJBjlx2tMx3tpUIt00Af7fphMWuULO/s1600/nbe13.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggb3J0RPDiowL6JTJNNSb_94SPNtoWUXgxfIGpoxQwUFcSSEEjHlq87DRFSU5j7dYH29C8m2Efz0Dcg-fjQTm1hyphenhyphenxDUQRU5gOhVKtf92teFkRH46AJBjlx2tMx3tpUIt00Af7fphMWuULO/s400/nbe13.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Not Brand Echh</i> #13 (May 1969)</span></td></tr>
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</div>Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-40514136156871782352012-01-31T15:00:00.000-05:002017-10-12T12:05:45.779-04:00Little Orphan Annie: Merchandise<div style="text-align: left;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTILUreRDifTlIrZsWwHttpK1IjDZJtuIdWU8bLkfhw4R0fp4EqOacxByQ6qxWKq9sI829CLy_fwhBWjw4i-4zjh_oX_mRsjdinVkBp6vP01-8TqdGaNCtcPOTnDi3xhlZxlatQGi07xlb/s1600/orphan+annie+pin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTILUreRDifTlIrZsWwHttpK1IjDZJtuIdWU8bLkfhw4R0fp4EqOacxByQ6qxWKq9sI829CLy_fwhBWjw4i-4zjh_oX_mRsjdinVkBp6vP01-8TqdGaNCtcPOTnDi3xhlZxlatQGi07xlb/s320/orphan+annie+pin.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6TiiOyTAT3WkGTutHlmxGUNOk69Ptabd5A-XPnlqxZTquFr5lSGTopUAuFJ2li6uRYcvPVimBhIQC6_MYRxl7ThA-FkBDidCApgdh83wg_ygWpUlE4oqNIF5M9aDRUDW_166s4nj6xblt/s1600/gray+drawing+annie.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6TiiOyTAT3WkGTutHlmxGUNOk69Ptabd5A-XPnlqxZTquFr5lSGTopUAuFJ2li6uRYcvPVimBhIQC6_MYRxl7ThA-FkBDidCApgdh83wg_ygWpUlE4oqNIF5M9aDRUDW_166s4nj6xblt/s400/gray+drawing+annie.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Harold Gray drawing his famous character. Note how many girls have a fashionable bob cut.</i></span></td></tr>
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Little Orphan Annie's creator, Harold Gray, was born on his parents' farm in Illinois, but says he didn't like farm life. He wistfully dreamt of other things and started drawing comic strips to entertain himself, and in 1913 began getting his cartoons published in small town journals and, later, in his college yearbook.<br />
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In 1917, Gray graduated from Purdue University with a degree in engineering and, still a country bumpkin, walked into the offices of the Chicago <i>Tribune</i> looking for a job in the art department. Despite a letter of introduction by John T. McCutcheon, the Tribune's editorial cartoonist of many years, the art editor had no work for him.<br />
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After a stint in the army and odd jobs as a commercial artist, Gray went to work for Sidney Smith, creator of the extremely popular <i>Gumps</i> newspaper strip, in 1920. He assisted Smith with lettering and backgrounds. In 1922, Smith signed a million-dollar contract, $100,000 a year for ten years. Not surprisingly, Gray began submitting ideas for his own strips to Joseph Medill Patterson, owner of the <i>Tribune</i>. Patterson, who took an active interest in his paper's comic strips, rejected Gray's proposals, until he came up with Little Orphan Annie in 1924.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKvm90uDAiUeVIsuZcwOBF_T1LadETydOgDfdZEmZuwTK8D3_dHpE2l-tGOrUYJvvU0yesqpBjzsHQOC5IHE6mFh4JGR5xGyHp-kPn2Lfb14Pv7kdJbTz3RPNs-rkK5lgJ-dU20J8GmOid/s1600/rare+1927+booklet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKvm90uDAiUeVIsuZcwOBF_T1LadETydOgDfdZEmZuwTK8D3_dHpE2l-tGOrUYJvvU0yesqpBjzsHQOC5IHE6mFh4JGR5xGyHp-kPn2Lfb14Pv7kdJbTz3RPNs-rkK5lgJ-dU20J8GmOid/s400/rare+1927+booklet.jpg" width="248" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Rare" doesn't even begin to classify this 1927 30-page booklet -- it's practically raw! Only a very small number were printed, and Gray handed them out at a convention for the </i>American Newspaper Publishers Association<i> (ANPA). It featured a summary of </i>Little Orphan Annie<i>'s two and a half years of existence, with illustrations by Gray.</i></span></td></tr>
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In one version of the story, Gray's original concept was a boy, Little Orphan Otto, and Patterson suggested changing the character to a girl, Little Orphan Annie. But as Gray himself told the story in 1951, he'd met a homeless waif on the street who was both tough and wise beyond her years, and she left an impression on him:<br />
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<i>"She had common sense, knew how to take care of herself. She had to. Her name was Annie. At the time some 40 strips were using boys as the main characters; only three were using girls. I chose Annie for mine, and made her an orphan, so she'd have no family, no tangling alliances, but freedom to go where she pleased."</i><br />
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If Gray's story is accurate, it would have only made sense to title his strip "Little Orphan Annie", after the popular 1885 poem, "Little Orphant Annie", by James Whitcomb Riley.<br />
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In any case, the strip was accepted, and dailies debuted on August 5, 1924 in Patterson's tabloid, <i>The Daily News</i>. Gray was 30 years old. Sunday strips began appearing in the <i>Tribune</i> on November 2, followed by the dailies a week later. It was picked up by other papers in syndication, and soon became one of the most popular and lucrative comic strips around, making Gray a wealthy man.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF8IWKb2tNtus6h_iow30XwWYr_7TFBqbIFWJJu5VqAJaa78qb9G5ZYS3XUqKYjnFxZYD53TSRqVbYxbfkuP0M9b-Z9kZX0zS-5g-0VvF3Ry1Vt_af7MD-yaJdKPYn7wVM_BUhOiN0Zmkg/s1600/gray+estate+connecticut+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF8IWKb2tNtus6h_iow30XwWYr_7TFBqbIFWJJu5VqAJaa78qb9G5ZYS3XUqKYjnFxZYD53TSRqVbYxbfkuP0M9b-Z9kZX0zS-5g-0VvF3Ry1Vt_af7MD-yaJdKPYn7wVM_BUhOiN0Zmkg/s320/gray+estate+connecticut+2.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Gray's 25-room Georgian mansion in Connecticut, room enough for dozens of orphans! He must have bought it simply because he could. After all, he and his second wife, Winifred, never had children.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The mansion, as depicted on this Christmas card from 1939. Every year from 1924 to 1967, Harold and Winifred sent out Christmas cards featuring Annie and Sandy, some to the multitude of fans who wrote to Gray.</i></span></td></tr>
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Despite the strip's violence and gritty realism, and Gray's conservative views reflected in the characters of Annie and "Daddy" Warbucks, which often caused controversy, kids loved <i>Little Orphan Annie</i>. By the beginning of the 1930s, <i>Annie</i> was appearing in 320 newspapers and Gray was making more money than his mentor, Sidney Smith, through merchandising. (Smith had just signed a new contract in 1935 for $150,000 a year, when he perished in a car accident.) At the time of his death in 1968, Gray was a millionaire five times over. <br />
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Cupples & Leon, publisher of children's books, as well as collections of newspaper strips, reprinted Annie's adventures from 1926 to 1934, a total of nine hardcover volumes. The 92-page books, edited by Gray himself, sold for 60 cents each.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_EffrfqI70-ii2wadSWI1FLPnIPTe62379HgilNZi9Yn-W2lyJbKZ4uoZX6-JrtWKERlYsdVbDX63gnnmoCiJLxV7TpZaa6KA_wl2bTjTvcC2-z_zbGHjvQBzaU9eKdcDsG4q1vo0Na78/s1600/first+book+1926.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_EffrfqI70-ii2wadSWI1FLPnIPTe62379HgilNZi9Yn-W2lyJbKZ4uoZX6-JrtWKERlYsdVbDX63gnnmoCiJLxV7TpZaa6KA_wl2bTjTvcC2-z_zbGHjvQBzaU9eKdcDsG4q1vo0Na78/s400/first+book+1926.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Little Orphan Annie, holding her rag doll, Emily Marie, who went missing shortly after she found Sandy and brought him home. He probably buried her. The cover for </i>Little Orphan Annie<i>, the first Cupples & Leon collection (1926), reprinting the strips from July 7, 1925 to November 30, 1925.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9oAzG9JUTikM4XLJ52aEKmpvfM76KI5fc6vHmlmNs2tdz4ES4ReU_Lqu2d_Xf7jRwIlLbo9Qqu66b0QUrCefhjMq565OvIyCScyoD7zxG7CKS-daResawuZMNrcAVClVs3V0M2uf_zjy8/s1600/circus+1927.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9oAzG9JUTikM4XLJ52aEKmpvfM76KI5fc6vHmlmNs2tdz4ES4ReU_Lqu2d_Xf7jRwIlLbo9Qqu66b0QUrCefhjMq565OvIyCScyoD7zxG7CKS-daResawuZMNrcAVClVs3V0M2uf_zjy8/s400/circus+1927.jpg" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie In The Circus<i> (1927), reprinting the strips from May 1, 1926 to September 4, 1926.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie And The Haunted House <i>(1928), reprinting the strips from May 26, 1927 to October 7, 1927.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC8q_FuCBvg2-xh5WwL1eSFUUd0jgtUjGqWBOEdPL636oTcvDmRxaeqeTyt6-NNOTJqaK3VsjHEixTaQzZNc2YQp7MMkX7daCSOsH2QZPtBj8NyciJtdBPsJwLkC32AGLagHnKltCTlE0f/s1600/bucking+1929.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC8q_FuCBvg2-xh5WwL1eSFUUd0jgtUjGqWBOEdPL636oTcvDmRxaeqeTyt6-NNOTJqaK3VsjHEixTaQzZNc2YQp7MMkX7daCSOsH2QZPtBj8NyciJtdBPsJwLkC32AGLagHnKltCTlE0f/s400/bucking+1929.jpg" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie Bucking the World <i>(1929), reprinting the strips from January 2, 1928 to November 22, 1928.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEs-j4hyphenhyphenM3_Ag6TGIktleg_2Wh-MWhb03RS79lwpProg4h010zscVnlZUr9sRibQ4VBWztC7igh7hRLgZWVAxYtBKVEtuzpPiQEnvTG5k7XSnE3rDwdjmoqmdVZXUFzZErdi51ppHCjwrX/s1600/never+1930.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEs-j4hyphenhyphenM3_Ag6TGIktleg_2Wh-MWhb03RS79lwpProg4h010zscVnlZUr9sRibQ4VBWztC7igh7hRLgZWVAxYtBKVEtuzpPiQEnvTG5k7XSnE3rDwdjmoqmdVZXUFzZErdi51ppHCjwrX/s400/never+1930.jpg" width="317" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie Never Say Die <i>(1930), reprinting the strips from January 2, 1929 to May 4, 1929.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwPkuYgm8Tn7Ce-8Mety9WAKGDTyQvBH069nFR8N9aY027CpQ8cRDN-EX1Kfq2oYyLu-B2A122PwPGZ30ETndhbP1Ki0ZPBE8LU3REHwFvMdYeSGe-AZfSG66CvCH8cX0a_mHPlUD8O1SX/s1600/shipwrecked+1931.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwPkuYgm8Tn7Ce-8Mety9WAKGDTyQvBH069nFR8N9aY027CpQ8cRDN-EX1Kfq2oYyLu-B2A122PwPGZ30ETndhbP1Ki0ZPBE8LU3REHwFvMdYeSGe-AZfSG66CvCH8cX0a_mHPlUD8O1SX/s400/shipwrecked+1931.jpg" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie Shipwrecked <i>(1931), reprinting the strips from June 13, 1930 to November 22, 1930.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixttVcVDyTqdDPLkrtdVI0JtsNaAu_xwSXGC3YhCTsGRBhuT72NC23l5haB4_RJnGbLWff5dS9lDjv5BYwcT8iMmwcLgAdmT8_TvAP0zKO5dK0fQa_N0C7ScI5uZs3wfTsoLBUY_yHfil1/s1600/willing+1932.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixttVcVDyTqdDPLkrtdVI0JtsNaAu_xwSXGC3YhCTsGRBhuT72NC23l5haB4_RJnGbLWff5dS9lDjv5BYwcT8iMmwcLgAdmT8_TvAP0zKO5dK0fQa_N0C7ScI5uZs3wfTsoLBUY_yHfil1/s400/willing+1932.jpg" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie A Willing Helper <i>(1932), reprinting the strips from January 14, 1931 to December 18, 1931.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie In Cosmic City <i>(1933), reprinting the strips from August 26, 1932 to December 31, 1932.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzmUcsvLxMEClAB4kTfAZF0ewjaLjC5yKxJVcMnN9AqdladTngFSZlNeQOzOF422ss2MOgpPx-B1eS0BGNGy8br-OrtsHq7orVtnccoN2fSiu9flIyB6P3MXgweIgyo9Ms3htOxNTXopGM/s1600/uncle+1933.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzmUcsvLxMEClAB4kTfAZF0ewjaLjC5yKxJVcMnN9AqdladTngFSZlNeQOzOF422ss2MOgpPx-B1eS0BGNGy8br-OrtsHq7orVtnccoN2fSiu9flIyB6P3MXgweIgyo9Ms3htOxNTXopGM/s400/uncle+1933.jpg" width="326" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie And Uncle Dan <i>(1934), reprinting the strips from September 25, 1933 to December 30, 1933.</i><i> Gray must have just read "The Little Match Girl" when he drew this cover.</i></span></td></tr>
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Whitman began publishing their <i>Big Little Book</i> series in 1932, and Little Orphan Annie got <i>littler</i>. There were many Annie books in the series throughout the 1930s and 1940s, and, like Cupples & Leon, Whitman adapted the newspaper strips into their diminutive format.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhnG_PYp2fYSvGbNm3to1ql_eRHidR3L9-3HbCdhgjAqeHYW0b-ae2sNfm7IKybgkNMoT4-Yt4Vx8gKLrtvoqp8N2GXBOcea7v3zq2pk08KZcmy34FBJamraA1xHi-R49NIGChEnJfGqEz/s1600/big+little+books.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhnG_PYp2fYSvGbNm3to1ql_eRHidR3L9-3HbCdhgjAqeHYW0b-ae2sNfm7IKybgkNMoT4-Yt4Vx8gKLrtvoqp8N2GXBOcea7v3zq2pk08KZcmy34FBJamraA1xHi-R49NIGChEnJfGqEz/s400/big+little+books.jpg" width="328" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Well, here's 13 of the 17 <i>Big Little Books</i>, anyway. (Two of them, <i>Little Orphan Annie and the Ancient Treasure of Am</i>, are different editions of the same book.) Not shown: <i>Little Orphan Annie</i> (the book seen here with that title is actually <i>Little Orphan Annie and Punjab the Wizard)</i>, <i>Little Orphan Annie</i> <i>and Sandy</i>, <i>Little Orphan Annie with the Circus</i>, and <i>Little Orphan Annie and Chizzler</i>. (More information on Annie's Big Little Books can be found <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.ca/2017/10/little-orphan-annie-big-little.html" target="_blank">here</a>.)</span></td></tr>
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And there were others, including Whitman's even smaller <i>Wee Little Books</i>, and numerous comic books published by Dell, some of them giveaways, most of which reprinted the newspaper strip.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0fI_4fVDFss6TLueHZkzj3wb7VaULFph7cPcmBf60Hqf_9HzHm9j-o2g1s4bvGJM26oKvtMgawhbAnMOv4bVuOB8V6cliDWwlNmB21ngVAuC18VysvIxxOzdD9yVw5wMjtyfUhpR9MBvH/s1600/wee+little+books.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0fI_4fVDFss6TLueHZkzj3wb7VaULFph7cPcmBf60Hqf_9HzHm9j-o2g1s4bvGJM26oKvtMgawhbAnMOv4bVuOB8V6cliDWwlNmB21ngVAuC18VysvIxxOzdD9yVw5wMjtyfUhpR9MBvH/s400/wee+little+books.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wee Little Books <i>issued six Little Orphan Annie stories.</i> <i>First</i> Big Little, <i>then</i> Wee Little... <i>The books got smaller, but Harold Gray's bank account got bigger.</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNjaPzH91fGsWlaG8HjC2gROF58rz8CphbatjyKTjg0BjcndMwBn3zT2qxDOfBXry8qFduT_9S1p8YcO25nO6vRZY9bU7IXdjowmdpw7B4duG8agzuLW8wpWyXgl_wLxclFX9hmCD0-rS7/s1600/song+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNjaPzH91fGsWlaG8HjC2gROF58rz8CphbatjyKTjg0BjcndMwBn3zT2qxDOfBXry8qFduT_9S1p8YcO25nO6vRZY9bU7IXdjowmdpw7B4duG8agzuLW8wpWyXgl_wLxclFX9hmCD0-rS7/s400/song+cover.jpg" width="308" /></a></div>
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The <i>Little Orphan Annie</i> radio show debuted on WGN Chicago, owned by the <i>Tribune</i>, in 1936, starring 10-year-old Shirley Bell, already a veteran radio performer, as Annie. She would play the 10-year-old urchin for the next ten years -- and make good money doing it. On April 6, 1931, the show was picked up by the NBC Blue Network and <b>Ovaltine</b> became the sponsor. For the next two years there was a San Francisco cast, with Floy Hughes as Annie, but they were dropped when technology allowed the original Chicago show to be broadcast from coast to coast. (During a contract dispute in 1934 and 1935, Bobbe Dean played Annie.) The show moved to NBC in 1936, and then Mutual on January 22, 1940, at which point <b>Quaker Puffed Wheat Sparkies</b> became the new sponsor, and Janice Gilbert the new Annie. The final show aired on April 26, 1942.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjANumzZneZCx3czNzsGyoPxSzcPalKvkc9T6RwSYHnyOt93zXqvzmiDQHdYxIAEvhvx2JSkZVrIQZJomFr61deOW5JPXmykxjc7EIGl_Ft2FQhwIU0-KKUPtiwW466tYEtDfQm_sb3uHdN/s1600/membership+1936.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjANumzZneZCx3czNzsGyoPxSzcPalKvkc9T6RwSYHnyOt93zXqvzmiDQHdYxIAEvhvx2JSkZVrIQZJomFr61deOW5JPXmykxjc7EIGl_Ft2FQhwIU0-KKUPtiwW466tYEtDfQm_sb3uHdN/s400/membership+1936.jpg" width="281" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxzA3U7r2jVGAdePGRKeLH40CIejTWnVkeIfcUzYtjaIKRtbvOcwFqtwSGaShee3P1R5vTHbBMXD2gY95VWeDUb-XBDjT5nsC24Ql5HQgdZPNO1R_yNHyBtHajAMxgaLymgEE9G5BwsCnA/s1600/sparkies+giveaway+comic+1941.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxzA3U7r2jVGAdePGRKeLH40CIejTWnVkeIfcUzYtjaIKRtbvOcwFqtwSGaShee3P1R5vTHbBMXD2gY95VWeDUb-XBDjT5nsC24Ql5HQgdZPNO1R_yNHyBtHajAMxgaLymgEE9G5BwsCnA/s400/sparkies+giveaway+comic+1941.jpg" width="305" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>One of the </i>Sparkies<i> giveaway comics, 1941.</i></span></td></tr>
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Every day millions of kids tuned in at 5:45 p.m. to listen to Annie's adventures, though half of the 15-minute time slot was taken up by an announcer vigorously hawking Ovaltine and the endless parade of Little Orphan Annie premiums, including a secret decoder ring and mugs to drink your Ovaltine from, which could be obtained by mailing the aluminum seal from the can, and perhaps a dime, to <i>"Little Orphan Annie, Chicago, Illinois; or, if you live in Canada, mail it to Ovaltine, Peterborough, Ontario."</i> Boys and girls were encouraged to get their mothers to pick up a can of Ovaltine from the grocery store because, <i>"even if you have some at home now, you'll be needing another can pretty soon anyway!"</i></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzlelXIXn8zTrx0YNyUdLzSp816vI3Cf-KFk13WEtnIC2W0NYYq2ZGSQfzirAiis7xib66UnlDdCiIgb6Ut-kG3Tk9Z4hxab-VqAwpL-RMntCHCA-mjSfmyue8idEHz5QPCGdKro3RTkoy/s1600/ovaltine+birthday+ring+1936.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzlelXIXn8zTrx0YNyUdLzSp816vI3Cf-KFk13WEtnIC2W0NYYq2ZGSQfzirAiis7xib66UnlDdCiIgb6Ut-kG3Tk9Z4hxab-VqAwpL-RMntCHCA-mjSfmyue8idEHz5QPCGdKro3RTkoy/s400/ovaltine+birthday+ring+1936.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ovaltine premium, 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEbHXPvsVsPSqZuNhiY2MrTiSGvQlZ70wX_kvsLhiYoRRswBqRIQcQJvQ5sjZ1xyEPnQ1zXYvZkZjQusdIXKD3WfSpXckYTxwP8xbHVuvOoli0Cjd_BmMlMhmHlgdbbtMu_zoJ-MUhX03X/s1600/ovaltine+premium+talking+stationery+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEbHXPvsVsPSqZuNhiY2MrTiSGvQlZ70wX_kvsLhiYoRRswBqRIQcQJvQ5sjZ1xyEPnQ1zXYvZkZjQusdIXKD3WfSpXckYTxwP8xbHVuvOoli0Cjd_BmMlMhmHlgdbbtMu_zoJ-MUhX03X/s400/ovaltine+premium+talking+stationery+1930s.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Ovaltine premium: "talking" stationery</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCYP12ebPxRG_UDcYLJgCRSKbe0IjELnX7prdZ7y4AAe55P_h0GA5hF5lCEr_TyUQzuojGLa27TZXgC1NnpEVsmhUzDerNBA24X8b7BuoUCrCqF7R3_VXUGbLy8eL3ZevwVH4PB8Qo7as_/s1600/secret+society+1935.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCYP12ebPxRG_UDcYLJgCRSKbe0IjELnX7prdZ7y4AAe55P_h0GA5hF5lCEr_TyUQzuojGLa27TZXgC1NnpEVsmhUzDerNBA24X8b7BuoUCrCqF7R3_VXUGbLy8eL3ZevwVH4PB8Qo7as_/s400/secret+society+1935.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A secret society of six million kids</i></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_vuM6qMBAC2tnDKpyyIqtdCmUmL8WlnY-T41C-h2Lit3Ot4T2szp0jwqNv7Oa6LVZnO47sMZPuuzhUKNYB1w6UktJk9QmiInwpnzTaJdcInMuzOIyq9_G1Z8nnK7MMZk9DfCSiobOsiCA/s1600/secret+society+1936.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_vuM6qMBAC2tnDKpyyIqtdCmUmL8WlnY-T41C-h2Lit3Ot4T2szp0jwqNv7Oa6LVZnO47sMZPuuzhUKNYB1w6UktJk9QmiInwpnzTaJdcInMuzOIyq9_G1Z8nnK7MMZk9DfCSiobOsiCA/s400/secret+society+1936.jpg" width="276" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaW-VZuF71ScZsLbGdsMljIH_FVW-NNM16w_a-cQJEwyweH-BbRVw9nvn0IkicZ55hKVD9oDUh5o-O0-CD7_MqIm-zkF2NXGT3kR_6SUJemHLD1ffmySIx1XXMYcclGRujorahLNhoJRhA/s1600/secret+society+1937.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaW-VZuF71ScZsLbGdsMljIH_FVW-NNM16w_a-cQJEwyweH-BbRVw9nvn0IkicZ55hKVD9oDUh5o-O0-CD7_MqIm-zkF2NXGT3kR_6SUJemHLD1ffmySIx1XXMYcclGRujorahLNhoJRhA/s400/secret+society+1937.jpg" width="272" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6DNxVUYxPXFLbvQqwKqywzqSlHj5JNW2yN01IOnVcBtdueij_ov5PNqKv1K92WlJL79Xlt-nB2ySJzRGwd5whPmFu1jo6dModG1R0Up0FCVEgWe5mqCheZvEiyXq1o7qkl3LLTDN3UO7Y/s1600/radio+loa+1937+membership.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6DNxVUYxPXFLbvQqwKqywzqSlHj5JNW2yN01IOnVcBtdueij_ov5PNqKv1K92WlJL79Xlt-nB2ySJzRGwd5whPmFu1jo6dModG1R0Up0FCVEgWe5mqCheZvEiyXq1o7qkl3LLTDN3UO7Y/s400/radio+loa+1937+membership.jpg" width="273" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzIgtzVtqOL4JfcAbdNHv1v-LC-AHPHoKK7Gt8kyShyphenhyphenThaWRwnZXl_2tWGOaXBj0tihIYj5mw8XxP3G1hFjlEksykryJduyVEZDWtm4XLDxzSbQ7hJRNfEEo_bDhyF7uAVsFsCOXgRmFJq/s1600/secret+society+1938.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzIgtzVtqOL4JfcAbdNHv1v-LC-AHPHoKK7Gt8kyShyphenhyphenThaWRwnZXl_2tWGOaXBj0tihIYj5mw8XxP3G1hFjlEksykryJduyVEZDWtm4XLDxzSbQ7hJRNfEEo_bDhyF7uAVsFsCOXgRmFJq/s400/secret+society+1938.jpg" width="273" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtditt7GiNnvKpKi1LgMDhD7MdRsYTgbXhBUx1KVL2LWIanVfUQYjC1lA17DxesDWTXFFWZvlef8QoFN0jZu1423Ic3BTH4AXLDMq21i2XWUX01b_BvsU0EXXf3lTSrQuv6DECxCjRK9c9/s1600/secret+society+1940.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtditt7GiNnvKpKi1LgMDhD7MdRsYTgbXhBUx1KVL2LWIanVfUQYjC1lA17DxesDWTXFFWZvlef8QoFN0jZu1423Ic3BTH4AXLDMq21i2XWUX01b_BvsU0EXXf3lTSrQuv6DECxCjRK9c9/s400/secret+society+1940.jpg" width="271" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUpj4PArG4yxt3v79Ie6b91yCW2vaIyBNCrJGcgt8FH6VhWbSTJtxB2094_QiccUvLhc319Q1YmrwzCwkQTEsaeLT4z_3Ms3JYK1KmI-sro7e8ftmGZofJo2H_t-hfkolxBb6-bTsJDyMw/s1600/goofy+gazette+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUpj4PArG4yxt3v79Ie6b91yCW2vaIyBNCrJGcgt8FH6VhWbSTJtxB2094_QiccUvLhc319Q1YmrwzCwkQTEsaeLT4z_3Ms3JYK1KmI-sro7e8ftmGZofJo2H_t-hfkolxBb6-bTsJDyMw/s400/goofy+gazette+1.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The first issue of Radio Orphan Annie's</i> Goofy Gazette <i>newspaper, 1939. Annie and Joe Corntassel, editors. There were only three issues. Published by Ovaltine, natch.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhv7TH2_Q5kwDKGrbPtZ_TQzgpiGpkp8U5SqNi_7HLwJhkMuz8eYdTt94HjR1IYSvBsk3X51C4nZ2ZD_vJ0XMfyr4eDKM2fFkk-69aMPedBpyX5ZVLUtWEfLIsv9rqblZQdaQBDikpedLxZ/s1600/mitzi+green.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhv7TH2_Q5kwDKGrbPtZ_TQzgpiGpkp8U5SqNi_7HLwJhkMuz8eYdTt94HjR1IYSvBsk3X51C4nZ2ZD_vJ0XMfyr4eDKM2fFkk-69aMPedBpyX5ZVLUtWEfLIsv9rqblZQdaQBDikpedLxZ/s400/mitzi+green.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mitzi Green as Annie, 1932</i></span></td></tr>
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In 1932, RKO's <i>Little Orphan Annie</i> hit the movie theatres, starring 11-year-old Mitzi Green, a popular child actress of the 1930s. Paramount released their own version in 1938, with Ann Gillis playing Annie. Neither movie was a blockbuster, but for the kids it was probably a thrill to see Annie and Sandy on the silver screen. Unfortunately, there were never any animated shorts.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWG_dnItTLwswsg0zqS72X-3KSYcuhOw2bmbT4Quh7VL8BJh5Z8W8_yrjWNhcgnFt93PcdXyG4sR5A7WkyOxw0Ir_hrU6ehLleCi4WaVtquV04d7AabJjVAfU_e495IOXwf4-92b9JHLl1/s1600/ann+gillis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWG_dnItTLwswsg0zqS72X-3KSYcuhOw2bmbT4Quh7VL8BJh5Z8W8_yrjWNhcgnFt93PcdXyG4sR5A7WkyOxw0Ir_hrU6ehLleCi4WaVtquV04d7AabJjVAfU_e495IOXwf4-92b9JHLl1/s400/ann+gillis.jpg" width="353" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ann Gillis as Annie, 1938. Sock 'im, Annie!</i></span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIwotBsfmFAzI7znt6iLFDBhGK9m22TSwwT-TBoJex8_HC0-wuWYHvn-SGY76i8enIEs5mGNFSYy-w4GGGKvOZau5t2DEyh3elwG_Q1KJxwlPIFfGKK1oImk86LcsfpZb7Ac4ivEKC8kJJ/s1600/1938+movie+song+folio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIwotBsfmFAzI7znt6iLFDBhGK9m22TSwwT-TBoJex8_HC0-wuWYHvn-SGY76i8enIEs5mGNFSYy-w4GGGKvOZau5t2DEyh3elwG_Q1KJxwlPIFfGKK1oImk86LcsfpZb7Ac4ivEKC8kJJ/s400/1938+movie+song+folio.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>1938 movie song book</i></span></td></tr>
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It would be impossible to make a complete account of Little Orphan Annie merchandise in a mere blog post -- it just wouldn't fit. Starting in the 1920s, there were everything from Little Orphan Annie sweaters to Christmas tree light bulbs. Perhaps a thousand blog posts would do it. But here's a few items and related paraphernalia:</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxr9X7T3vLrfmLOa-F8nNaLSo6Wjg_WU8v1YdpWlmn4E7d2YWhUI7_D976vbaAUy_dsk3iGomLubTmBpspMs0PrOjL3HYgEOmDvwnvWpxGNCNkIoKE-Ws_vbI6628nu32VMoazNSbpCwhG/s1600/annie+song+1925.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxr9X7T3vLrfmLOa-F8nNaLSo6Wjg_WU8v1YdpWlmn4E7d2YWhUI7_D976vbaAUy_dsk3iGomLubTmBpspMs0PrOjL3HYgEOmDvwnvWpxGNCNkIoKE-Ws_vbI6628nu32VMoazNSbpCwhG/s400/annie+song+1925.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Song book, 1925. (Not to be confused with the song used later in the radio show.) It didn't take long for spin-offs -- the strip had only been around for a year.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNB7tFlHsNCy7BZ95Jibmp34Tn5gZU1ISAUIBOe8SPZf66sCNDLEme6pVUNEiUtyEj_qA7g0-C55RdptX_sdTTrBJvbfpKOJAtQSIGexBKHS96hKUNZaAapalQM6KvuM4BpTEXtOiE3xyq/s1600/loa+sheet+music+1928.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNB7tFlHsNCy7BZ95Jibmp34Tn5gZU1ISAUIBOe8SPZf66sCNDLEme6pVUNEiUtyEj_qA7g0-C55RdptX_sdTTrBJvbfpKOJAtQSIGexBKHS96hKUNZaAapalQM6KvuM4BpTEXtOiE3xyq/s400/loa+sheet+music+1928.jpg" width="327" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Yet another song sheet, this one from 1928.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDS8zSPlrWrabFyJNX8UrEoSwyHSuk7wNwJ6RoRCTFalBbvd7ED05ZlJ8CgA1AvA3OuyMHl5pxantZMezKYl7RSbMS56BdArizOr8sHd-jncSiB8E4MZ2KcIuyGXA_0SLZPo1In4eUXmnT/s1600/loa+oilcloth+doll+17+inches.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDS8zSPlrWrabFyJNX8UrEoSwyHSuk7wNwJ6RoRCTFalBbvd7ED05ZlJ8CgA1AvA3OuyMHl5pxantZMezKYl7RSbMS56BdArizOr8sHd-jncSiB8E4MZ2KcIuyGXA_0SLZPo1In4eUXmnT/s320/loa+oilcloth+doll+17+inches.jpg" width="90" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Annie oilcloth doll, 17-inches tall</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizorwD1iPNPxQvBySeaFIfwLVciL569ypwbmc6s42-GzNu7jqi6E_VAmMNWMKizNW-qQDE9r8qyJihyphenhyphenm-9aPNpnyuosNqoV7SHYIC_lMrW9tXjV52yuKnIjo_rOdgoqfrQvvpEzaoRE72t/s1600/loa+game.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizorwD1iPNPxQvBySeaFIfwLVciL569ypwbmc6s42-GzNu7jqi6E_VAmMNWMKizNW-qQDE9r8qyJihyphenhyphenm-9aPNpnyuosNqoV7SHYIC_lMrW9tXjV52yuKnIjo_rOdgoqfrQvvpEzaoRE72t/s400/loa+game.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Board game, 1928</i></span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLWTCaeJ4B3vlAuLdBtaBKC88dWdup8RJO27Wj1wFHy-hhF5quxYrgF9pnfqu9rxCQlhi8pz7QURHwteGzl2pFTVkY8_4GRzE0i0VQstRs5unZZgul-qTqYNT5FQqcScLre9A_y2SvUwdZ/s1600/loa+sweater+button+1928.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLWTCaeJ4B3vlAuLdBtaBKC88dWdup8RJO27Wj1wFHy-hhF5quxYrgF9pnfqu9rxCQlhi8pz7QURHwteGzl2pFTVkY8_4GRzE0i0VQstRs5unZZgul-qTqYNT5FQqcScLre9A_y2SvUwdZ/s320/loa+sweater+button+1928.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Little Orphan Annie sweater button to stick on your Little Orphan Annie sweater. Who'da thunk?</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIaHQcCOQbKhQ9tCFMDlExOCyn9T2tHezLv8oD1erNCHzQmql1aE7JzgZLSDyp6mL5lhlVAItxV0ah35Gi9ZVIL_XjnNCreGlmwKFbfJzeJyAcEAxZ7V1R_aan0hVn1hTTz70Pd99yR8J8/s1600/colouring+book+1930.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="371" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIaHQcCOQbKhQ9tCFMDlExOCyn9T2tHezLv8oD1erNCHzQmql1aE7JzgZLSDyp6mL5lhlVAItxV0ah35Gi9ZVIL_XjnNCreGlmwKFbfJzeJyAcEAxZ7V1R_aan0hVn1hTTz70Pd99yR8J8/s400/colouring+book+1930.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Colouring book, 1930</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2iOmchjmDpUtNu3ORuOAHW0JGi03I21Fru6j1n9kv07XqBqhjo0A0TFfhoQEIrHxL3D0Sw4WwKJTAiln8Eys7rxVY8s7bplJ6LHWyHPTQwdHBPbDXATX3DcMNW1Sm4P5YWOciEQfZdLlD/s1600/loa+mask+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2iOmchjmDpUtNu3ORuOAHW0JGi03I21Fru6j1n9kv07XqBqhjo0A0TFfhoQEIrHxL3D0Sw4WwKJTAiln8Eys7rxVY8s7bplJ6LHWyHPTQwdHBPbDXATX3DcMNW1Sm4P5YWOciEQfZdLlD/s320/loa+mask+1.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Annie mask, 1933. An Ovaltine premium.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy_Q0nPNWQlG0YQ53KCaGF-lpzb40UkX43e_Y35h1vtnKIPI62XsWc4OIeTwyYiBp-RmYtnAQrmD7rN3TznxAomYZSDD9TO9w_9whP34Jbok_gxEl0LbYWd15bHsBstuvL8QfAajuPwY0o/s1600/bracelet+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy_Q0nPNWQlG0YQ53KCaGF-lpzb40UkX43e_Y35h1vtnKIPI62XsWc4OIeTwyYiBp-RmYtnAQrmD7rN3TznxAomYZSDD9TO9w_9whP34Jbok_gxEl0LbYWd15bHsBstuvL8QfAajuPwY0o/s320/bracelet+1930s.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Bracelet, mid-1930s</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaJ4xweb70_hqCQHehAE287KtaqPczXeZxN1-7uf_M78v2t612nqdwxIKCTLJiAZygdTgXTxoTgRneaDDfbeLxYEhyWDLx_Q7-xZpZUscjGwenj6iSx-_ngwvWIaf3LCObLBAJoD_n0lE5/s1600/bracelet+box+mid-30s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaJ4xweb70_hqCQHehAE287KtaqPczXeZxN1-7uf_M78v2t612nqdwxIKCTLJiAZygdTgXTxoTgRneaDDfbeLxYEhyWDLx_Q7-xZpZUscjGwenj6iSx-_ngwvWIaf3LCObLBAJoD_n0lE5/s320/bracelet+box+mid-30s.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>...and the box the bracelet came in.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTDvjIB3dyyHd1nbxvIkx7pw_nFgfxfD_UP7xZbmmYn4Hxy4fu_XrWtafem_KR71lNcFAWUekCmZldff-9L76kBaRXAibAln2tHhJDLI5rt7GlORORebwY6GtIgW3J9voqGQwm_9KNv1Qt/s1600/hanky+holder+box+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTDvjIB3dyyHd1nbxvIkx7pw_nFgfxfD_UP7xZbmmYn4Hxy4fu_XrWtafem_KR71lNcFAWUekCmZldff-9L76kBaRXAibAln2tHhJDLI5rt7GlORORebwY6GtIgW3J9voqGQwm_9KNv1Qt/s400/hanky+holder+box+1930s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Kids have to blow their noses, so this Little Orphan Annie hanky set had a right to exist.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgseKbSJZ2kym-HflmktkHymJWQUmjCdgr4RdNq1hN2rD3Yym2ts6zRkJOLZbZf7Q8EUIjZLXbgEKpPOgKOwou5Y19eNbYj4fx7r_QoH5a8RzOPIGueAcr064TR4Zqs_bVP1gwcKkgKdufS/s1600/paper+plate+1934.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgseKbSJZ2kym-HflmktkHymJWQUmjCdgr4RdNq1hN2rD3Yym2ts6zRkJOLZbZf7Q8EUIjZLXbgEKpPOgKOwou5Y19eNbYj4fx7r_QoH5a8RzOPIGueAcr064TR4Zqs_bVP1gwcKkgKdufS/s320/paper+plate+1934.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Paper plate, 1934. How many kids scraped birthday cake off of Annie's face?</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVIWCGXn1dlRb3ElE0a789DaNf_3BJl-blnx9fyvnddvPwXjdMpfhJrjt8CNz2mQtoCi81-TBTOjgGAunBvxngrG0xhp1aZyFsl_s3meM5YrRsQU4V3vPfR2JYxIqRNNwwQHYoNzXmA282/s1600/loa+jacks+set.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVIWCGXn1dlRb3ElE0a789DaNf_3BJl-blnx9fyvnddvPwXjdMpfhJrjt8CNz2mQtoCi81-TBTOjgGAunBvxngrG0xhp1aZyFsl_s3meM5YrRsQU4V3vPfR2JYxIqRNNwwQHYoNzXmA282/s400/loa+jacks+set.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Playing jacks was a swell way to have fun in the 1930s. Today, kids are blowing off zombies' heads with shotguns.</i></span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGm9bnJ0-E7VPsaUByjQM6gB3mniALYcwGjy3HOjOmTTLG_nGwdbjAcctsn0LMI6t4T1Tz8nLuQa6hqgnIYoQm9jvErIC9dzSh1qvtwgMf06jBdkvtHUose59pdfJ_46FWLcOI1i6tD4bn/s1600/fav+funnies+print+set+1935+%25234085.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGm9bnJ0-E7VPsaUByjQM6gB3mniALYcwGjy3HOjOmTTLG_nGwdbjAcctsn0LMI6t4T1Tz8nLuQa6hqgnIYoQm9jvErIC9dzSh1qvtwgMf06jBdkvtHUose59pdfJ_46FWLcOI1i6tD4bn/s320/fav+funnies+print+set+1935+%25234085.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Basically, a rubber stamp kit. 1935</i></span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDCOzE82SJVqAPMBRLnVpm7emJVLDVKUYhbjczHJA82DSoxGBPs92IgATqfT1YyAPaQc0l6NYvixLR556UJgKQgZzB1z8zxDnEWGGY1QoPZsflUd6KKncWJZkBufEWycXPdP2zC5LXjLM3/s1600/print+set+%25234004.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDCOzE82SJVqAPMBRLnVpm7emJVLDVKUYhbjczHJA82DSoxGBPs92IgATqfT1YyAPaQc0l6NYvixLR556UJgKQgZzB1z8zxDnEWGGY1QoPZsflUd6KKncWJZkBufEWycXPdP2zC5LXjLM3/s400/print+set+%25234004.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Actually, there were a lot of printing sets available.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdKvDCZgwSLimsaa6RPbfihtE1tFWUvdBSkvQ8AC12sPB3bBHGPOHo19U1gD2O82mgLdT1OHZfavALgMBmF3zhSgN0U8veGS7xcjfFfhjXhC1Pqd1__rCrQTJMOcxjfBdSBmE9Om3RvxCB/s1600/loa+watch+box+1935.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="352" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdKvDCZgwSLimsaa6RPbfihtE1tFWUvdBSkvQ8AC12sPB3bBHGPOHo19U1gD2O82mgLdT1OHZfavALgMBmF3zhSgN0U8veGS7xcjfFfhjXhC1Pqd1__rCrQTJMOcxjfBdSBmE9Om3RvxCB/s400/loa+watch+box+1935.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Annie watch, with box, 1935. It's hard to tell the time when your eyes have no pupils.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjriGrP-NkpnKbxj5zUg5G3AyX51_WWQuIv7aYF2RCpU_hBm8ONxMiL9wlaXoxsaBnflDA4J-F9fnS1d8BkEcCeYc1mvRh5IyXoYIHMd1OS4SgwgApcjx2iQ83NSxJ5X8lLn0dGEuL8RFYh/s1600/frostys+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="123" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjriGrP-NkpnKbxj5zUg5G3AyX51_WWQuIv7aYF2RCpU_hBm8ONxMiL9wlaXoxsaBnflDA4J-F9fnS1d8BkEcCeYc1mvRh5IyXoYIHMd1OS4SgwgApcjx2iQ83NSxJ5X8lLn0dGEuL8RFYh/s400/frostys+1930s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>1930s</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGP4wo3PXJZKMywbQSLfvDfmUAPwR5Hm2r7pyCboLDjbtHQj1vjng2_7V9UZs8Y7MHik1BVofj5Fk_WvYvSqR4-k66_6RWw6USlSJ56c7DGshfSbzvJ8pfgI798YtrKdQNygozqsNoq6wC/s1600/funy+frostys+pin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGP4wo3PXJZKMywbQSLfvDfmUAPwR5Hm2r7pyCboLDjbtHQj1vjng2_7V9UZs8Y7MHik1BVofj5Fk_WvYvSqR4-k66_6RWw6USlSJ56c7DGshfSbzvJ8pfgI798YtrKdQNygozqsNoq6wC/s320/funy+frostys+pin.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Pin, early 1930s</i><i>. There were many Little Orphan Annie pins to be had. Gray's original colour artwork from the 1920s, used on this pin, was used on numerous other pins. </i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXR2pvmwGgjmn4ZGVRWySpz9WXSuL_8JD6mj0Jd9ynMnLDs-KtsitUzXxorYycZL7XUnUud57J5CAUWHzZjCLj5vU8ZHrExRV628d69g7Vn9q0jIPMXodossT9BOjl0j1TU0T5t21sZ8R_/s1600/jumping+rope+toy+nd.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXR2pvmwGgjmn4ZGVRWySpz9WXSuL_8JD6mj0Jd9ynMnLDs-KtsitUzXxorYycZL7XUnUud57J5CAUWHzZjCLj5vU8ZHrExRV628d69g7Vn9q0jIPMXodossT9BOjl0j1TU0T5t21sZ8R_/s400/jumping+rope+toy+nd.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Wind-up toy. Watch Annie skip rope.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivR11-U2v-ruOUL8Am5KibVRbmr2NyaiBgKhCR1T0cfEYTbAX11ZH5FpP15yDrbXZwquziNJ-USZDhUegobJccr05Fo0JHKiW-ju0vnXIG0laSj8j_TnAv1yDf4Ib_c8n77MqRR453JDwD/s1600/dime+bank+1936.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivR11-U2v-ruOUL8Am5KibVRbmr2NyaiBgKhCR1T0cfEYTbAX11ZH5FpP15yDrbXZwquziNJ-USZDhUegobJccr05Fo0JHKiW-ju0vnXIG0laSj8j_TnAv1yDf4Ib_c8n77MqRR453JDwD/s320/dime+bank+1936.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Dime bank, 1936</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXFa8Bvfr3SZKIgfeoBsMftw90C9mYn04y2m-dZ57DXUI7wGD0DR0Fl22Aj51sij0J6-VNh6n7wzvLuLOzV0_W1eoru5FsGnQHAUY1w0hTZhnp3LeNAPrccrF81acV_jhFxkQGdP-jnDnY/s1600/rummy+cards+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXFa8Bvfr3SZKIgfeoBsMftw90C9mYn04y2m-dZ57DXUI7wGD0DR0Fl22Aj51sij0J6-VNh6n7wzvLuLOzV0_W1eoru5FsGnQHAUY1w0hTZhnp3LeNAPrccrF81acV_jhFxkQGdP-jnDnY/s400/rummy+cards+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Rummy cards, 1935. Annie, with a big smile, encouraging Sandy to place bets.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPGnGpiO5yfsxnKonRq1i9EV0EV9qYPet98dowHJq7ZL-wtgIiZ2G2JRgMI96WiofXlgRO7waqnDHl0D9OjF7o8_-MMJtJfRYHQ_3hKcNiPzyT2BdAa1LAOY2NeZVK7fsFJnaU-nLZp0i9/s1600/rummy+cards+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPGnGpiO5yfsxnKonRq1i9EV0EV9qYPet98dowHJq7ZL-wtgIiZ2G2JRgMI96WiofXlgRO7waqnDHl0D9OjF7o8_-MMJtJfRYHQ_3hKcNiPzyT2BdAa1LAOY2NeZVK7fsFJnaU-nLZp0i9/s400/rummy+cards+1.jpg" width="316" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Rummy cards, 1937. Annie, with a frown, discouraging Sandy's gambling addiction.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjElYxYW74pOzIYlNKb6lCuwjfYnJQtjZlbF-sBRhGlHgEjL6kdqCZGF7-_09TSA7ZZqcpkbo3UtKOoa64-n6t4mttgUBDfkhHqRbV3CjEXIEL0BD5SdmWF1I0K9QXgabTMpTgQvSMR-3x3/s1600/12-inch+doll+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjElYxYW74pOzIYlNKb6lCuwjfYnJQtjZlbF-sBRhGlHgEjL6kdqCZGF7-_09TSA7ZZqcpkbo3UtKOoa64-n6t4mttgUBDfkhHqRbV3CjEXIEL0BD5SdmWF1I0K9QXgabTMpTgQvSMR-3x3/s320/12-inch+doll+1930s.jpg" width="233" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>12-inch doll, 1930s</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKMtVjWuo3TQt69HzO3iJPEyFZ5YQcFSsTZfw8aPYd9PvXuh-kqPjYAPkjOL5pDZ1dOXT6BpiTj9YZ3HBe2sZOhnZwepco9jwY-yuZmJ81EXjLox8WMi3GJAXjPf45Pa1LwayHi0f0WSFn/s1600/popup+book+1935.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKMtVjWuo3TQt69HzO3iJPEyFZ5YQcFSsTZfw8aPYd9PvXuh-kqPjYAPkjOL5pDZ1dOXT6BpiTj9YZ3HBe2sZOhnZwepco9jwY-yuZmJ81EXjLox8WMi3GJAXjPf45Pa1LwayHi0f0WSFn/s400/popup+book+1935.jpg" width="342" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Pop-up book, 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaJ9mSin28BQLmht23VQoCpPyZm4PFnekfQdq0taWoJIwaCS9R40Uqnhvmx-lC88VJmsKzUcyfBwBIGWMsaTj7L0NWcorjv97KmmHCvW7Tmx4XXkCtBd_yl0o_PWAR-RqV-YPKcREg4M7U/s1600/sandy+with+box.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaJ9mSin28BQLmht23VQoCpPyZm4PFnekfQdq0taWoJIwaCS9R40Uqnhvmx-lC88VJmsKzUcyfBwBIGWMsaTj7L0NWcorjv97KmmHCvW7Tmx4XXkCtBd_yl0o_PWAR-RqV-YPKcREg4M7U/s400/sandy+with+box.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Sandy gets a slice of the pie...and then carries it for Annie in her lunchbox.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdicu3oIojSo3ub8iBFDYpwyFCocYag4qL4bdV7zGIZ88gzfKfuk_zVeEG5sIFXGwg8dyaLefI44u2rqlkMR3ZpNHzRGqkvTYuWgcG5OM1jvZJad29QLrXjfbqW7T-QFYH3a4oGa2GmLR5/s1600/lucky+knife+book+1937.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdicu3oIojSo3ub8iBFDYpwyFCocYag4qL4bdV7zGIZ88gzfKfuk_zVeEG5sIFXGwg8dyaLefI44u2rqlkMR3ZpNHzRGqkvTYuWgcG5OM1jvZJad29QLrXjfbqW7T-QFYH3a4oGa2GmLR5/s400/lucky+knife+book+1937.jpg" width="322" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Annie's Lucky Knife<i> cutout book, 1937. There were at least three books in the cutout series.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgivM0rWRUk2PHMl3fQBVj3zmHoLLMTix1aiWb3y5o-ZwmsZV4JdH655H0p-YW8dE_aIbYf77iFXmqbMkplgvubAEJQZ39NId1j9xvDt3pTVlLepRqDtUqoQ5kQ7Am5IiP9_fea3GUVdJNk/s1600/clothespins+1938.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgivM0rWRUk2PHMl3fQBVj3zmHoLLMTix1aiWb3y5o-ZwmsZV4JdH655H0p-YW8dE_aIbYf77iFXmqbMkplgvubAEJQZ39NId1j9xvDt3pTVlLepRqDtUqoQ5kQ7Am5IiP9_fea3GUVdJNk/s400/clothespins+1938.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>There's everything else under the sun -- including the washing line -- so why not Little Orphan Annie clothes pins? (1938)</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKomsvExiMXPfuhQ8E2ajLddvNmeyKTVAY0D2v-h7T41QsV2t3u1HhwABrfLtP1h9wLREdttjYB5EzwoT57iDL3CuwxfMKkUTUOiVhI2YsVFui3dj7EX_BMajO_fw1MDpA96p6zDIxiCXu/s1600/travel+game+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKomsvExiMXPfuhQ8E2ajLddvNmeyKTVAY0D2v-h7T41QsV2t3u1HhwABrfLtP1h9wLREdttjYB5EzwoT57iDL3CuwxfMKkUTUOiVhI2YsVFui3dj7EX_BMajO_fw1MDpA96p6zDIxiCXu/s400/travel+game+1930s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Travel game, 1930s.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTdgGSRFVZ1sbXBmiVfYD06p58QPeGFLnz5ACVCvOvSx0ufXhETIFHjVroo0lR3aTtLWzQxzhhiKK9bCXnJK7EBnov1WkGTOUvaopO9wbUacbQh2_bQiuTtgbluoFkWWoqlbCVUYuN7y9o/s1600/kellogg's+pep.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTdgGSRFVZ1sbXBmiVfYD06p58QPeGFLnz5ACVCvOvSx0ufXhETIFHjVroo0lR3aTtLWzQxzhhiKK9bCXnJK7EBnov1WkGTOUvaopO9wbUacbQh2_bQiuTtgbluoFkWWoqlbCVUYuN7y9o/s400/kellogg's+pep.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>In the mid-1940s, Kellogg's </i>Pep<i> cereal contained a pin featuring one of zillions of comic strip characters, including Blondie, Dagwood, Brenda Starr, Dick Tracy, Felix the Cat, Flash Gordon, Henry, Popeye, Olive Oyl, The Phantom, and Superman. There were also pins for "Daddy" Warbucks and Sandy. In today's litigious society, if you dropped one of these pins in a box of cereal, you'd have a lawsuit on your hands.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4Y7DueyGzs1Pl1WSjjf_zDGp9Y7lwTPSpx7xWn73wh6vG9_77L9sLNH2QjqYdeYwtdJvW0lkFYngAkuWbBx5dsTnn_emmODxsGKNgho2mYBMY1kqa20cPFIbN5TD1hnRAnzGqaBP7mD2r/s1600/annie+wind+up+toy+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4Y7DueyGzs1Pl1WSjjf_zDGp9Y7lwTPSpx7xWn73wh6vG9_77L9sLNH2QjqYdeYwtdJvW0lkFYngAkuWbBx5dsTnn_emmODxsGKNgho2mYBMY1kqa20cPFIbN5TD1hnRAnzGqaBP7mD2r/s400/annie+wind+up+toy+1930s.jpg" width="376" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Above and below: Little Orphan Annie wind-up toy and the box it came in. Celluloid figures on a tin base. You wind up the key, see, and Annie starts going around in circles, pulling Sandy, whose head bobs up and down. It's all fun and games until someone loses an eye.</span></i></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJYVcjdlxmEF3CX-yRTovIP9G_jdppJuhTH1Cjf8rB5ZGz0XM0iyWye5nhnRnuQ04i1wuLst76AtcT6SavGDN62kt0d-VvttbUHK4CI4Wm99F5v4TBKdH6f2Kza54PFVANeslgvoc48rNo/s1600/loa+wind+up+toy+box+1930s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJYVcjdlxmEF3CX-yRTovIP9G_jdppJuhTH1Cjf8rB5ZGz0XM0iyWye5nhnRnuQ04i1wuLst76AtcT6SavGDN62kt0d-VvttbUHK4CI4Wm99F5v4TBKdH6f2Kza54PFVANeslgvoc48rNo/s320/loa+wind+up+toy+box+1930s.jpg" width="170" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhAiKiQp41gCKDy5eoP4Jze1HPxhNXUKIEmXzexPAuq_QaSN2vbEyigUOlikHJdW8KfZfS_1nD11beAz8irRKrgSzLpk1PMc2EGtNtbGrkjExrDsqo-_LcrmTaBXwyDN0YSAVzJLEgBYkf/s1600/flare+top+ice+cream+sign+1947.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhAiKiQp41gCKDy5eoP4Jze1HPxhNXUKIEmXzexPAuq_QaSN2vbEyigUOlikHJdW8KfZfS_1nD11beAz8irRKrgSzLpk1PMc2EGtNtbGrkjExrDsqo-_LcrmTaBXwyDN0YSAVzJLEgBYkf/s400/flare+top+ice+cream+sign+1947.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Annie and Sandy shilling for Flare-Top ice cream cones, 1947.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Little Orphan Annie Sunshine Biscuits, 1930s. Unlike today's store-bought cookies, you don't have to be Victor Frankenstein to understand the list of ingredients.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoCQN3nqRGg9XdAwnPw3IBE2Dh-NydPa4hXgRRffLypE9Dm5a83FvwJoyDtkIv9JRk3YGIFIMDLnHGHvwbmICdFLWHbkMoOWl_cmcH_ucoInDDMPeQNduuSy9pSdDvSDJxtRmcMgT98XFY/s1600/loa+pastry+set.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoCQN3nqRGg9XdAwnPw3IBE2Dh-NydPa4hXgRRffLypE9Dm5a83FvwJoyDtkIv9JRk3YGIFIMDLnHGHvwbmICdFLWHbkMoOWl_cmcH_ucoInDDMPeQNduuSy9pSdDvSDJxtRmcMgT98XFY/s320/loa+pastry+set.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">...or you can just make your own cookies with this Little Orphan Annie pastry set; comes with a board, cookie cutter and rolling pin.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> (1930s)</span></i><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Jigsaw puzzle, 1948. If you look closely, there are a few shapes in the pieces, including what might be a car and a word balloon. One of the pieces is definitely Sandy. Can </i>you<i> find Sandy, boys and girls?</i></span></td></tr>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-56367350226109944912011-10-03T10:34:00.003-04:002019-10-23T08:21:20.280-04:00La Reina de la Costa Negra<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brunettes have more fun: Conan dyed his hair yellow and, much to his regret, suffered a serious status loss when he was relegated to Belit's sidekick.</span></td></tr>
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It's ancient history: Marvel's <i>Conan the Barbarian</i> debuted with the October, 1970 issue. For years it was thought to be the first ever Conan comic.<br />
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And then Fred Blosser wrote an article published in <i>The Savage Sword of Conan</i> #26 (January 1978) describing a Mexican comic called <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> ("The Queen of the Black Coast") #15, dated 1965 and published by Ediciones Joma. The comic was small, 5.25" x 7.5", and contained 32 black and white pages with colour covers. Glenn Lord, literary agent for the Howard estate, said it was an unauthorized publication he knew nothing about.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5ZuzOKQ6dGx07ZnLpUljKszrBivBp5-napSIb-KCFzYzpmBoaQkQv_F0PhDgol88VkONw4Y9AnQAmnBH1dCGtuPokzgEiU95UbZobNPxooNmbrZPkr-oxbUe5IN1ndj0_WlfE2haFBERU/s1600/conan+ad+1970c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5ZuzOKQ6dGx07ZnLpUljKszrBivBp5-napSIb-KCFzYzpmBoaQkQv_F0PhDgol88VkONw4Y9AnQAmnBH1dCGtuPokzgEiU95UbZobNPxooNmbrZPkr-oxbUe5IN1ndj0_WlfE2haFBERU/s400/conan+ad+1970c.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marvel's August 1970 house ad for the <i>Conan the Barbarian</i> comic, excellently written and drawn by Roy Thomas and Barry Smith.</span></td></tr>
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"The Queen of the Black Coast" was an eerie Conan tale by Robert E. Howard published in the May 1934 issue of <i>Weird Tales</i>. Conan, about 24 years old, commandeers a ship called the<i> Argus</i> and soon closes ranks with a feared pirate ship called the<i> Tigress</i>, manned by the Black Corsairs and led by a merciless warrior woman named Belit. The crew of the <i>Argus</i> are slaughtered to the last man, except for Conan, who is making a shambles of the pirates. Belit, a virtual goddess in the eyes of her mates, rescues Conan from certain doom and declares him king to her queen. For the next 2 or 3 years (which takes place in a mere paragraph), Conan and Belit are the terrors of the sea, plundering merchant vessels and trading posts along the southern coast of what we know as Africa.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7DNFhVJkux35R4hdJfPFnL1ezZI4ssvFBlvJm2jSoz188954Cm4GaaVvJ-BLpcxBLDcCCyfoo37uOXS9F5RTJRPPTn3a-X3at8soov12WTgPPurWLqToz4ubUeZoAQQ5Gk0hflEk2LHGV/s1600/wtmay34+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1435" data-original-width="961" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7DNFhVJkux35R4hdJfPFnL1ezZI4ssvFBlvJm2jSoz188954Cm4GaaVvJ-BLpcxBLDcCCyfoo37uOXS9F5RTJRPPTn3a-X3at8soov12WTgPPurWLqToz4ubUeZoAQQ5Gk0hflEk2LHGV/s400/wtmay34+cover.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">WEIRD TALES (May 1934); cover by Margaret Brundage. More of her WEIRD TALES covers can be found <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.com/2010/11/margaret-brundage-frank-frazetta-of.html" target="_blank">here</a>.</span></td></tr>
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Then, in what is to be their last adventure together, they follow an inlet into a dark, tangled jungle where treasure lies buried amongst ancient ruins. When the treasure is found, Conan steps forth to retrieve it, only to be halted by Belit. She orders some of her Corsairs to fetch it, and they die horribly in a booby-trap. Conan is perplexed by this unnecessary sacrifice, nor does Belit account for her actions. Returning to the ship, they find their water casks have been broken open. Conan takes 20 men with him to search for drinking water. Suspecting that they are being followed, Conan orders the others to keep moving ahead while he deals with the situation. Instead, he is rendered unconscious by the narcotic black lotus plants surrounding him. When he awakes, he finds his team dead, ripped apart and half eaten. He returns to the ship and finds that the rest of the crew have suffered the same fate. And Belit, his lover, is dead, hanging above the deck, her noose a string of jewels.<br />
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With sword, bow, and a quiver of arrows Conan sets forth into the jungle, choosing a pyramid upon which to position himself for the final battle. The battle comes in the form of enormous hyenas which he fells with arrows, and then a bat-winged ape. Conan is overpowered by the terrible beast and separated from his sword. Then, Belit's ghost appears momentarily, long enough to startle the ape, and in that brief instant Conan picks up his sword and cuts the thing in half. At dawn, Conan sends the<i> Tigress</i> out to sea, driven by the wind-filled sails. He sets it afire with a flaming arrow, Belit and treasure aboard.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hugh Rankin's illustration for the climactic battle in Robert E. Howard's "Queen of the Black Coast", from <i>Weird Tales</i>, May 1934. More of Rankin's illustrations can be found <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.com/2019/07/robert-e-howard-weird-tales.html" target="_blank">here</a>, along with the complete illustrations for Howard's <i>Weird Tales</i> stories.</span></td></tr>
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In <i>The Savage Sword of Conan</i> #44 (September 1979) an article by one Douglas Menville shed new light on the <i>La Reina</i> comic. Menville had found a copy of <i>La Reina</i> #2 in a book store in 1968, and it was dated October 8, 1958. He had contacted Marvel in 1970 to disabuse them of the notion that <i>Conan the Barbarian</i> was the first comic book adaptation of Howard's hero. At the time, Roy Thomas didn't think this possible one-off was significant. In 1974, Menville found another copy, #16 (December 16, 1965), and Thomas found copies of #3 and #4, and a Robert E. Howard fanzine editor had a xerox of #10. Issues 2, 3 and 4 were dated October 8, 15 and 22, 1958, respectively, meaning it was a weekly comic. But it must have had an erratic publishing history if #16 was dated December 8, 1965. (Logically, the first issue should have been dated October 1, 1958.)<br />
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Belit was the star of the book, a blond <i>Conan el Cimeriano</i> her sidekick, and the Black Corsairs were replaced by Vikings, their ship renamed the <i>Venganza</i> ("Vengeance"). Since Howard hadn't chronicled the 2 or 3 years of their piracy, Ediciones Joma, pirates themselves, had free rein to do so. But #16 featured the other half of Howard's story, with the hyenas and winged ape, and grim and gory (and faithful to a point) as the comic is, Belit does not die. Was #16 intended as the last issue? Not according to <i>The Last Celt</i> (1976) by Glenn Lord, an indispensable (if now woefully outdated) Howard biography/bibliography, which estimated that "at least 45 issues" were published during 1965 and 1966.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 2nd series, from E.M.A., swiped a lot of great Joe Kubert art from his "Viking Prince" stories in DC's <i>The Brave and the Bold</i>, published at the same time during the late 1950s. Ironically, this cover, from <i>Brave and the Bold</i> #24 (July 1959), seems almost as if Kubert swiped the cover from <i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #17! (See below.)</span></td></tr>
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As it turns out, the 1958 <i>La Reina</i> series, published by E.M.A. (Ediciones Mexicanas Asocidas), ran at least eleven issues. Ediciones Joma, however, published their own series, starting with #1, dated August 25, 1965, and possibly ending with #53, dated August 24, 1966.<br />
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But there was still an earlier <i>La Reina</i> series published in 1952-53 by Ediciones C.E.M.S.A. (Corporacion Editorial Mexicana S.A.), which ran weekly. The full title was <i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> (roughly, "Grandpa's Stories") <i>presents La Reina de la Costa Negra</i>. It was digest-sized, 4 1/2" x 5 3/4". The first seven issues featured "Kun'ga, La Diosa de Oro" (The Golden Goddess). Conan and Belit began appearing with issue #8, and starred in every issue up to #61, with the exceptions of issues 20, 22, 27, 29 and 31. Those issues featured <i>La Monje Loco</i> ("The Mad Monk"), a ghoulish horror host with roots going back to the days of radio serials who presented tales of terror, often while playing the organ. Belit and (occasionally) Conan were featured on most of the covers of the issues featuring the <i>La Reina</i> series, but began sharing that space with Kun'ga, beginning with #47; the covers were then split three ways with <i>La Arana</i> (a rip-off of the old pulp hero, <i>The Spider), </i>beginning with #58. There were no more <i>La Reina</i> stories after <i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #61, though that comic continued until #134 in the early 1960s.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Apparently it's hell on the artist to whip out a 36-page comic every week, so once in a while <i>La Reina</i> was replaced by <i>La Monje Loco</i> (The Mad Monk), who drooled over his organ and cackled as he presented his horrific tales. Here's the cover for #31 (January 23, 1953).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">But not to worry: this back cover ad promises more adventures of Conan and Belit every Monday.</span></td></tr>
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Issues 10-12 of <i>Cuentos</i> adapted the latter part of Robert E. Howard's story, except that Belit survives to have more adventures. Howard's yarn was retold with new art and writing in Joma's 1965-1966 <i>La Reina</i> series in issue #16, in which she again survives. <br />
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Not much is known of the motley crew of Mexican pirates. The first issue was written by Rodolfo Loa and Victor Rodriguez and drawn by Salvador Lavalle. Riol de Man wrote other early issues, and, later, Raphael Silvaquiros, with covers by Hector Gutierrez, who signed his name "Hecky". Other artists included J. Kstro and A. Ramirez.<br />
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Following are covers to the first series, <i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i>, published by <i>Corporacion Editorial Mexicana S.A.</i> (C.E.M.S.A.) in 1952/53:</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvrjzVSVZDhcnNM-V08hZgGB3Cz3gNiWbgy7BEbpwnBwcC8QkC3Wgojnf91US2VJeAQRyX5Rjd9yraJ8y29HO9LQKBO95RRnG6TIqvGsQhrzY6eErIPKuvvjm_HFtyts4C2b0wsfYlOmkQ/s1600/cuentos+%25238.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvrjzVSVZDhcnNM-V08hZgGB3Cz3gNiWbgy7BEbpwnBwcC8QkC3Wgojnf91US2VJeAQRyX5Rjd9yraJ8y29HO9LQKBO95RRnG6TIqvGsQhrzY6eErIPKuvvjm_HFtyts4C2b0wsfYlOmkQ/s400/cuentos+%25238.jpg" width="305" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #8 (1952) presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i>, the first appearance of Robert E. Howard's <i>Conan</i> in comic book form.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOOItDDXIM3qkhFJGxfhp922yq7vHfkfJt24dWmeoSzsZ-lyALkBirKfLQoaKlhsooMOTUTAuSWhlYdD9tqW6m16yc6LnzxHikM1LhynuXpg8taaZvPoID6xEGJEp4p5CCnZgriY0M64EP/s1600/cuentos+%252310.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOOItDDXIM3qkhFJGxfhp922yq7vHfkfJt24dWmeoSzsZ-lyALkBirKfLQoaKlhsooMOTUTAuSWhlYdD9tqW6m16yc6LnzxHikM1LhynuXpg8taaZvPoID6xEGJEp4p5CCnZgriY0M64EP/s400/cuentos+%252310.jpg" width="312" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #10 (1952) presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2qff3naIOl6R2bKrlSMmnvJeRsFil8-h8MpqbxRvwIO3O-9LYbPuanRDZn1rlk6Mqnybaoq81vDMKcmyIgQ_HQjrfbl-vECf3mCrjwQkFUZY5T2faJqHXzi-nTJvyseZas-C2uundwXRy/s1600/cuentos+12.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1350" data-original-width="1058" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2qff3naIOl6R2bKrlSMmnvJeRsFil8-h8MpqbxRvwIO3O-9LYbPuanRDZn1rlk6Mqnybaoq81vDMKcmyIgQ_HQjrfbl-vECf3mCrjwQkFUZY5T2faJqHXzi-nTJvyseZas-C2uundwXRy/s400/cuentos+12.jpg" width="312" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">Cuentos de Abuelito</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #12 presents </span><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN-2emyWkLkI-QHDyYWxRf7Z33plhTJohAbRMYtLFCWogzYrc4Gx4YGsuwAJTXMpgx-BoJ6elplA50ZsKLzEXr1s2w1hF0As4TJXfkaa-ObEaLvyH8sxlD6m33_qRiPB3uxAgABhLRZsQO/s1600/cuentos+13.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1339" data-original-width="1037" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN-2emyWkLkI-QHDyYWxRf7Z33plhTJohAbRMYtLFCWogzYrc4Gx4YGsuwAJTXMpgx-BoJ6elplA50ZsKLzEXr1s2w1hF0As4TJXfkaa-ObEaLvyH8sxlD6m33_qRiPB3uxAgABhLRZsQO/s400/cuentos+13.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">Cuentos de Abuelito</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #13 presents </span><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUz-JKkK2HWOQModiSLrXmItSbLmL7lF7Q7MEGb50raWNyCSPbgUVGwelEEr7Uch0mTnNw5o7xbJvNphoXgmBk_sdtXoOPfke8YYlRV17idk0mOqpuVyqsu6xyH3ICmSdO9FBUMsBMNsKO/s1600/cuentos+15.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUz-JKkK2HWOQModiSLrXmItSbLmL7lF7Q7MEGb50raWNyCSPbgUVGwelEEr7Uch0mTnNw5o7xbJvNphoXgmBk_sdtXoOPfke8YYlRV17idk0mOqpuVyqsu6xyH3ICmSdO9FBUMsBMNsKO/s400/cuentos+15.jpg" width="328" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #15 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKdTEF1nk1qIIsbmqNm7cbzw66GtgqkWfZDTmAcE8BDl4mBFZ9_7eq9YtYwVyVdyUWn6NTwDgLCOKX3WnChZfkQIok6-qlHN8LRV_uCKT-jiasboBgjjBOls3G4c-NewJGEVEDn5eMsU7q/s1600/Cuentos+17+nov+1952.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKdTEF1nk1qIIsbmqNm7cbzw66GtgqkWfZDTmAcE8BDl4mBFZ9_7eq9YtYwVyVdyUWn6NTwDgLCOKX3WnChZfkQIok6-qlHN8LRV_uCKT-jiasboBgjjBOls3G4c-NewJGEVEDn5eMsU7q/s400/Cuentos+17+nov+1952.jpg" width="310" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #17 presents <i>La Reyna de la Costa Negra</i></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4pzef-go3hdpXppp_dbwphcNMVBmV50jsgPWMzllQrPoe8MqWAbDedmwgSu-RCjq4JY2TUM02htH4scp_Kfsq6q_9bfYSlU_KyRllB8fsb0nNP737JCy4LUk7sa_t6KkdY7MlOuY3aYW5/s1600/cuentos+18.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4pzef-go3hdpXppp_dbwphcNMVBmV50jsgPWMzllQrPoe8MqWAbDedmwgSu-RCjq4JY2TUM02htH4scp_Kfsq6q_9bfYSlU_KyRllB8fsb0nNP737JCy4LUk7sa_t6KkdY7MlOuY3aYW5/s400/cuentos+18.jpg" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #18 presents <i>La Reyna de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh7uutg40uzueuvT_quBeQM-mGLRi5x-xCenr-kzdj6a9hxMooECNrmwMUyDuK2Myv5JjtbGyMo9dzxdypbkCCa9rf_3U-Kny6g9RqblNuerh9btXU2lLmGNV1WVLiQpy-4Na0A-xtj7Cl/s1600/cuentos+21.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh7uutg40uzueuvT_quBeQM-mGLRi5x-xCenr-kzdj6a9hxMooECNrmwMUyDuK2Myv5JjtbGyMo9dzxdypbkCCa9rf_3U-Kny6g9RqblNuerh9btXU2lLmGNV1WVLiQpy-4Na0A-xtj7Cl/s400/cuentos+21.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #21 presents <span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reyna de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #23 presents <i>La Reyna de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMewGz125yZKV8ePX-9YKYaqUsMuJzXPXfGldr89DkiGUCoGxXRHrKmcXx_zRsECn7Vc9FJnu7ApEICJh0vzIWAAiG9s-dCTtGQZdoXGUAFZvM7UnQNt_9NBe2ZlAdAfJY9quKmHuXcZVX/s1600/cuentos+24.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMewGz125yZKV8ePX-9YKYaqUsMuJzXPXfGldr89DkiGUCoGxXRHrKmcXx_zRsECn7Vc9FJnu7ApEICJh0vzIWAAiG9s-dCTtGQZdoXGUAFZvM7UnQNt_9NBe2ZlAdAfJY9quKmHuXcZVX/s400/cuentos+24.jpg" width="310" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #24 presents<i> La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD445glQK9_qtQOpr0EFYE0LSjOYmvIgEw3b2wToeBHXufIg6mkGUrulfIFM8TBevBfUQ3j1FEIZgKdgwkN9fRc6Q0KkGMAz_d7K2Yyha_I4NKvk9KmNDnGtz5M72N4jXL18ucLFM4S6cT/s1600/cuentos+25.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD445glQK9_qtQOpr0EFYE0LSjOYmvIgEw3b2wToeBHXufIg6mkGUrulfIFM8TBevBfUQ3j1FEIZgKdgwkN9fRc6Q0KkGMAz_d7K2Yyha_I4NKvk9KmNDnGtz5M72N4jXL18ucLFM4S6cT/s400/cuentos+25.jpg" width="305" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cuentos de Abuelito</span> <span style="font-size: small;">#25 (Christmas issue, 1953)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpnU2VuFvfoAGq_gjUti3ZQhkXvACFc5l2Osgk1dHCwqvgPgqW14XdGUt6NA_x7rh0yn5LIJXaFxUPraDby7ES46dG0-RSe2gKuwI009LhxOFpORLZYYYjyCaDE5f8bEwtx3UTif02vkwu/s1600/cuentos+26.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpnU2VuFvfoAGq_gjUti3ZQhkXvACFc5l2Osgk1dHCwqvgPgqW14XdGUt6NA_x7rh0yn5LIJXaFxUPraDby7ES46dG0-RSe2gKuwI009LhxOFpORLZYYYjyCaDE5f8bEwtx3UTif02vkwu/s400/cuentos+26.jpg" width="312" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #26 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijRQ3z2FsseV4fzSJDNH7i92r-Xj4GZCWqJOPd7McigDToqve4CvcezAhVK16xGCDWOpaDtQ13nK7g2gRrdrUZPBhavOsG9t39g387IvXo04LQwcGYaev7aVijKrqHkDEnMx5eawGFnVIK/s1600/cuentos+28.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijRQ3z2FsseV4fzSJDNH7i92r-Xj4GZCWqJOPd7McigDToqve4CvcezAhVK16xGCDWOpaDtQ13nK7g2gRrdrUZPBhavOsG9t39g387IvXo04LQwcGYaev7aVijKrqHkDEnMx5eawGFnVIK/s400/cuentos+28.jpg" width="310" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #28 presents <i>La Reyna de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #33 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #35 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #36 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #37 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #38 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #39 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #41 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #41, back cover (featuring Belit</span>)</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWelfz5o_UbncqxkZ0lZQX5kNbKHmIz0Zo3hUSeORAHHbWo4JMGbylHBaKxJjkKs0qLPrSMJ5cRj-vo5ACbc6m0gHT4OmD7akE2oFe4uhTpsNqH76PIfERwpxgQnWgDjmOEK0OTdz3BXLo/s1600/42cuentosdeabuelito1953.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWelfz5o_UbncqxkZ0lZQX5kNbKHmIz0Zo3hUSeORAHHbWo4JMGbylHBaKxJjkKs0qLPrSMJ5cRj-vo5ACbc6m0gHT4OmD7akE2oFe4uhTpsNqH76PIfERwpxgQnWgDjmOEK0OTdz3BXLo/s400/42cuentosdeabuelito1953.jpg" width="343" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #42 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEginsC157Y9rzqJHxF-neBxdrVt2Oiui4vF1dnlINWzl7PXqRBx37h8QoM-y3b4mgl58_2Byl9BFlxl0F0EJ59LcWfUQPoQrfsE8mWjkCJ01SQv2OwvuJV-dg9QQ9sU9PHxVyWFxRIdtwFe/s1600/cuentos+43.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEginsC157Y9rzqJHxF-neBxdrVt2Oiui4vF1dnlINWzl7PXqRBx37h8QoM-y3b4mgl58_2Byl9BFlxl0F0EJ59LcWfUQPoQrfsE8mWjkCJ01SQv2OwvuJV-dg9QQ9sU9PHxVyWFxRIdtwFe/s400/cuentos+43.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #43 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #45 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh166Dvh0mHhJRFB2GWlM3ociDcbDXeMGXnRuwYew9mAjodLto57jkOV74BOhRzEEmxUarpJJWActf5sx91p6VCLV4ah08QffqP204X51vne7ib8vtFEy8m12YnfqItueEpzpapp1z7Mg_i/s1600/cuentos+46.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="805" data-original-width="642" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh166Dvh0mHhJRFB2GWlM3ociDcbDXeMGXnRuwYew9mAjodLto57jkOV74BOhRzEEmxUarpJJWActf5sx91p6VCLV4ah08QffqP204X51vne7ib8vtFEy8m12YnfqItueEpzpapp1z7Mg_i/s400/cuentos+46.jpg" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">Cuentos de Abuelito</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #46 presents </span><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5x9WQTJhBk8dZ8lCtCgX7RXjKmU1s_3ogvKjYkiOM9_G56tXmm0dQe55wAP95KyhVYctmZcYeRqWpmbdKpok-XaKK6iRA-FkHcfeG_JIdKFMWfaFWGnS5uUFSQrnGxusATWZqY_f-7Z4S/s1600/cuentos+47.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5x9WQTJhBk8dZ8lCtCgX7RXjKmU1s_3ogvKjYkiOM9_G56tXmm0dQe55wAP95KyhVYctmZcYeRqWpmbdKpok-XaKK6iRA-FkHcfeG_JIdKFMWfaFWGnS5uUFSQrnGxusATWZqY_f-7Z4S/s400/cuentos+47.jpg" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #47 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_TrYHUiAsCPrtMeHp_AhZsXK8qz1ShAh-YHoxQ8cu9AuBSfTmNXuNldmt4ZoH3ZlxVgFaz1MZgvFlmIsvpzYFbjrtotO2ey5WBJML3K4Y1xVEnpITuGAI_e9oCb60RiquXFqazcQ7KKDx/s1600/cuentos+48.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1526" data-original-width="1242" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_TrYHUiAsCPrtMeHp_AhZsXK8qz1ShAh-YHoxQ8cu9AuBSfTmNXuNldmt4ZoH3ZlxVgFaz1MZgvFlmIsvpzYFbjrtotO2ey5WBJML3K4Y1xVEnpITuGAI_e9oCb60RiquXFqazcQ7KKDx/s400/cuentos+48.jpg" width="325" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito #</i>48<i> </i>presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWpXgxtZq97wd8YCPqaSzSzUZTbqMEv8akWJtC4UGO3UqCw-E0vz0rMYUPhxQZVQmHVIWo0KlDm0Pu-zT2cWSXlP3REWS3neO6hpD2WZqt0Tj5rzXntLHyg5cnynJsIBPwfgZ6KORL4plZ/s1600/cuentos+49.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWpXgxtZq97wd8YCPqaSzSzUZTbqMEv8akWJtC4UGO3UqCw-E0vz0rMYUPhxQZVQmHVIWo0KlDm0Pu-zT2cWSXlP3REWS3neO6hpD2WZqt0Tj5rzXntLHyg5cnynJsIBPwfgZ6KORL4plZ/s400/cuentos+49.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #49 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD2TP2KcoZrIGsOk-QuxQjcYCLNVsKYM_nKezoMF4O1YgNCluKphrAXNgzl85QlUEzRXrhmSNQgaRVYJozesf_y5Jx31F0VkXjVrP-ffvnG6lZ1qOtVgZ2y3-WNdOdSL4vUswStumfiuJX/s1600/cuentos+50.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD2TP2KcoZrIGsOk-QuxQjcYCLNVsKYM_nKezoMF4O1YgNCluKphrAXNgzl85QlUEzRXrhmSNQgaRVYJozesf_y5Jx31F0VkXjVrP-ffvnG6lZ1qOtVgZ2y3-WNdOdSL4vUswStumfiuJX/s400/cuentos+50.jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #50 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR3fJED7enVfMpVkJq3E77WO38kTO9y3xivOiy5Cv0EVzCS55_tiB6GobBtzWCP9Ca1syD2uGG7tO8UOjWF-lFei6mKaLdpNzCN7Rb5i-40eUR_UVGB9xVE7W0xGL519Xz4cEg4mRaNbNk/s1600/cuentos+51+new.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1212" data-original-width="979" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR3fJED7enVfMpVkJq3E77WO38kTO9y3xivOiy5Cv0EVzCS55_tiB6GobBtzWCP9Ca1syD2uGG7tO8UOjWF-lFei6mKaLdpNzCN7Rb5i-40eUR_UVGB9xVE7W0xGL519Xz4cEg4mRaNbNk/s400/cuentos+51+new.jpg" width="322" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #51 presents</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reyna de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRvchbSynbPb9_jZjwuhzX3Sgl0YpUc644-GSdnsnhCUqEDSSgku-rttSyTE9nPxv91d33kwIvrGR8Z3qAjRS5WGzrKKHPnVp1IUQKRUawbqhsJovxxkISsLSSsFnJ88lwO1ToxanS0RfL/s1600/cuentos+52.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRvchbSynbPb9_jZjwuhzX3Sgl0YpUc644-GSdnsnhCUqEDSSgku-rttSyTE9nPxv91d33kwIvrGR8Z3qAjRS5WGzrKKHPnVp1IUQKRUawbqhsJovxxkISsLSSsFnJ88lwO1ToxanS0RfL/s400/cuentos+52.jpg" width="307" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #52 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #53 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #54 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #55 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #56 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> (cover featuring Kun'ga only)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #57 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #58 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span><span style="font-size: small;">. Featuring Conan on the cover, along with <i>The Spider</i> rip-off, <i>La Arana</i>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #59 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #60 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cuentos de Abuelito</i> #61 presents <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Can't make out the number on this issue of <i>Cuentos</i>, either. We'll let Conan and Belit do the making out.</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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Following are covers for the second series, <i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i>, published by Ediciones Mexicanas Asocidas (E.M.A.) in 1958/59:</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsZ5brzjnyIP-9M4OmjpnrJBllZMWRmustcq5kO8rTK3Pl1K67pe4RnIv5A2Hsfy6BUjc7-YRki7m1fsYaCvMifeS7wJjv0poU4TWXHQ422iSpjAi4ZWb6BlajwK6OFo4CpvpMSZYoI5Tl/s1600/lareina2thecupofodinoct81958.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsZ5brzjnyIP-9M4OmjpnrJBllZMWRmustcq5kO8rTK3Pl1K67pe4RnIv5A2Hsfy6BUjc7-YRki7m1fsYaCvMifeS7wJjv0poU4TWXHQ422iSpjAi4ZWb6BlajwK6OFo4CpvpMSZYoI5Tl/s400/lareina2thecupofodinoct81958.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #2 (October 8, 1958)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqlufdi7aR3D39-FB_g-lo403XyapEo7hyNn9AgpvmdVaPClnKAuGXtQFxRaoVOc1v55dgC9flCyKmME8ErcnE8Y3N3kU7tohixaHnUUumeoOP5aJRdJK-rxeneNXp3uC2Pgaiit4-uTdJ/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqlufdi7aR3D39-FB_g-lo403XyapEo7hyNn9AgpvmdVaPClnKAuGXtQFxRaoVOc1v55dgC9flCyKmME8ErcnE8Y3N3kU7tohixaHnUUumeoOP5aJRdJK-rxeneNXp3uC2Pgaiit4-uTdJ/s400/ReinaCostaNegra03.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #3 (October 15, 1958)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjITEkviWTeSPv68NqOO2nSgEGv-Wt2Ml7i26Gtkm6D77OjgKNOmwi3wLJy8q9dyarsbLj3K8LtCRHdRbXvMaYXXSAni9n6GgwTJM5A1pxsLwIXNOy0PVJMZVkIh5nbH7-_ZngPKYfJD1No/s1600/la+reina+%25238.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1434" data-original-width="1056" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjITEkviWTeSPv68NqOO2nSgEGv-Wt2Ml7i26Gtkm6D77OjgKNOmwi3wLJy8q9dyarsbLj3K8LtCRHdRbXvMaYXXSAni9n6GgwTJM5A1pxsLwIXNOy0PVJMZVkIh5nbH7-_ZngPKYfJD1No/s400/la+reina+%25238.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #8 (December 25, 1958)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #8, back cover</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMBtjfnxjpGvHA5XIU62mCwl-mk0pV-e4iH-Q1tXdOXPpJUTnwSr49NYkNvIx7Bwp1NO54RI7wH4oCoR_UmJycx6ErFzx6ZROIWr0p7YhKQ6E9KIZfv7qPdozVgaqlPLSSzQXj66jwhDe8/s1600/LaReinadelaCostaNegra111959-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMBtjfnxjpGvHA5XIU62mCwl-mk0pV-e4iH-Q1tXdOXPpJUTnwSr49NYkNvIx7Bwp1NO54RI7wH4oCoR_UmJycx6ErFzx6ZROIWr0p7YhKQ6E9KIZfv7qPdozVgaqlPLSSzQXj66jwhDe8/s400/LaReinadelaCostaNegra111959-01.jpg" width="305" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #11 (January 1959)</span></td></tr>
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Following are covers for the third series, published by Ediciones Joma in 1965/66:</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvOw3CDSNGS2u63IFitMU9p1CCSYcNiMntJKkphNDz23S5ODMFafBDPJWLNypfQkzOMdpGNAOGVEyWfFYSpfYZSmnjlCaksWHj4mFCZwIqQzkuTYJAWj-NRQTBv-SgDF3xRBEx4IZB3tNl/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1411" data-original-width="1000" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvOw3CDSNGS2u63IFitMU9p1CCSYcNiMntJKkphNDz23S5ODMFafBDPJWLNypfQkzOMdpGNAOGVEyWfFYSpfYZSmnjlCaksWHj4mFCZwIqQzkuTYJAWj-NRQTBv-SgDF3xRBEx4IZB3tNl/s400/ReinaCostaNegra1.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #1</span><span style="font-size: small;"> (August 25, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBTVOZjWN8q9n8MUPbT3VTOwYVS0bBu5rRCohVRW1uACea36UbGYt2YLYh70E5duUCY3X5DOL5HV_Pt9L24MfUgtv19wK1qmxjGMqk3ZjA-BIdtWlE_z9xf4azZaQieMcng0UayOdblokX/s1600/la+reina+%25232.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1404" data-original-width="1016" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBTVOZjWN8q9n8MUPbT3VTOwYVS0bBu5rRCohVRW1uACea36UbGYt2YLYh70E5duUCY3X5DOL5HV_Pt9L24MfUgtv19wK1qmxjGMqk3ZjA-BIdtWlE_z9xf4azZaQieMcng0UayOdblokX/s400/la+reina+%25232.jpg" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #2 (September 1, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf1O97y89vJa50n1eHgGGFU6akTpLOezCl9msQ2lhyYA7-gWBI1L-zIzbTj_slR0ttmXrpZ9m0BOzD_VRL8UWBuxfCm4d5vqhoufMKtO6zroAnfFCY4fgdoKqD6GdpLEfrQJuWzg3orvCD/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf1O97y89vJa50n1eHgGGFU6akTpLOezCl9msQ2lhyYA7-gWBI1L-zIzbTj_slR0ttmXrpZ9m0BOzD_VRL8UWBuxfCm4d5vqhoufMKtO6zroAnfFCY4fgdoKqD6GdpLEfrQJuWzg3orvCD/s400/ReinaCostaNegra04.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #4 (September 15, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx86482e9i2V-WFftCSpESIVV0UirS3xmeBCy1i5KbYvnxxMLiwDdkqpb8Tw8WPJux9dj5ZX6IBEjnhXi3DwhF3vOJbz9KSOKIvXUl9DwfNYHGpZbkvezcYm2ybHqcAVHXIc-TeVRA0f-5/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1005" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx86482e9i2V-WFftCSpESIVV0UirS3xmeBCy1i5KbYvnxxMLiwDdkqpb8Tw8WPJux9dj5ZX6IBEjnhXi3DwhF3vOJbz9KSOKIvXUl9DwfNYHGpZbkvezcYm2ybHqcAVHXIc-TeVRA0f-5/s400/ReinaCostaNegra5.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra </i>#5 (September 22, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihMbkjmhSX8F7xdMjyD197-brU-gM0xbMtIhu4Az-jZqOEXAS2ZkhuQjD686fsqyTsxe2YItj2BOG5R_oy1qLlfbJG1pHQJ35frKzZ9uHwqlcQKyhLxwJfDPiSaG6suLbrDFCU4PZqqj_L/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra5+bc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="998" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihMbkjmhSX8F7xdMjyD197-brU-gM0xbMtIhu4Az-jZqOEXAS2ZkhuQjD686fsqyTsxe2YItj2BOG5R_oy1qLlfbJG1pHQJ35frKzZ9uHwqlcQKyhLxwJfDPiSaG6suLbrDFCU4PZqqj_L/s400/ReinaCostaNegra5+bc.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra </i><span style="font-size: small;">#5, back cover</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAamP82c_1PASJZffTXyUoFZPs4lkkITIYre5N3LA8lwJJRD8fOvuhyuvqdyyQQpfcWjEZ0-tAh7Qua0BdcxB9x7q8ICgxUCFjsFkW_FiijfTfehfCIUmr63T-kuh0T6SueVo3dsRjiITp/s1600/la+reina+%25236.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1440" data-original-width="1055" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAamP82c_1PASJZffTXyUoFZPs4lkkITIYre5N3LA8lwJJRD8fOvuhyuvqdyyQQpfcWjEZ0-tAh7Qua0BdcxB9x7q8ICgxUCFjsFkW_FiijfTfehfCIUmr63T-kuh0T6SueVo3dsRjiITp/s400/la+reina+%25236.jpg" width="292" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #6 (September 29, 1965)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2XQfzy_R4ApTQNCDKSm5ni8O24AcITEaWMbxhvGfNqragsRUwODNFhiFuhZmFlcmvD3vLDEZXeAUpINDF369m02UDLU7NxGKCGxRRvt1UUG9zNlfujtVPSJtaGKepar8vrV9vp2HV_iKG/s1600/la+reina+%25237.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1421" data-original-width="1024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2XQfzy_R4ApTQNCDKSm5ni8O24AcITEaWMbxhvGfNqragsRUwODNFhiFuhZmFlcmvD3vLDEZXeAUpINDF369m02UDLU7NxGKCGxRRvt1UUG9zNlfujtVPSJtaGKepar8vrV9vp2HV_iKG/s400/la+reina+%25237.jpg" width="287" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #7 (October 6, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitACHEKBxGrxPWGMGWQldS2ttMyWXfE4NxIab7MTKVbihyphenhyphenHI_qcAWqZuHUlpPBAJsfxNCl9EwqeaZbwUnV6Z3kyS2VE3kFnpsfVX7wF7Maa8Q8DgJ2D0AGb5MhE7h-FCwx8b2gYb7bEJux/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitACHEKBxGrxPWGMGWQldS2ttMyWXfE4NxIab7MTKVbihyphenhyphenHI_qcAWqZuHUlpPBAJsfxNCl9EwqeaZbwUnV6Z3kyS2VE3kFnpsfVX7wF7Maa8Q8DgJ2D0AGb5MhE7h-FCwx8b2gYb7bEJux/s400/ReinaCostaNegra8.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #</span><span style="font-size: small;">8 (October 13, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMc-Znqq3k8rQdw3-9ToHK6fv6F2FXgkwXof3TfYMYspvgj30AAkukpkxCVvPZq1iuMeehteraYygAU4_O4eTUG9x_1VkCCCG_kn5s8Z_qeY1B5SWAIY5R31kefocO_4BJhLGePlkVT6Le/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1412" data-original-width="1001" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMc-Znqq3k8rQdw3-9ToHK6fv6F2FXgkwXof3TfYMYspvgj30AAkukpkxCVvPZq1iuMeehteraYygAU4_O4eTUG9x_1VkCCCG_kn5s8Z_qeY1B5SWAIY5R31kefocO_4BJhLGePlkVT6Le/s400/ReinaCostaNegra9.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #9</span><span style="font-size: small;"> (October 20, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtoIS6Xph2ZTmcFr-x7MGy1RmGmapyQIQWkt0CU849MMuKVMlOW_VUPI-KrIRWH_aoWXhQLvyVnF3MZKvAcnwsbtRVwkCCxAyJl6BPbavEFIom4NKkp6I1uEdcJyxnh9ukcvhle6NIyBY9/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtoIS6Xph2ZTmcFr-x7MGy1RmGmapyQIQWkt0CU849MMuKVMlOW_VUPI-KrIRWH_aoWXhQLvyVnF3MZKvAcnwsbtRVwkCCxAyJl6BPbavEFIom4NKkp6I1uEdcJyxnh9ukcvhle6NIyBY9/s400/ReinaCostaNegra10.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#10 (October 27, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhNaY_YfgjEGdoi7ludG4mN2LWy9V5RXBU0lO9M5mx_hZ9pikLB3Pyoeyw_qpdSfJn-UTZ7ysUFecNrNHIqt0rLnKhRyz-711ka9sCUpPLCE2gKyf2tg3_P8ywHMDfbdn9dMqYMI4hLQTS/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra11b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhNaY_YfgjEGdoi7ludG4mN2LWy9V5RXBU0lO9M5mx_hZ9pikLB3Pyoeyw_qpdSfJn-UTZ7ysUFecNrNHIqt0rLnKhRyz-711ka9sCUpPLCE2gKyf2tg3_P8ywHMDfbdn9dMqYMI4hLQTS/s400/ReinaCostaNegra11b.jpg" width="285" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#11 (November 3, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ1fg0SJjy_B0DpB21DQAqgh8gx9MwLgUkR-yUbhAidkvMtl1lJISYvj5j7PLx-KLmjRliI5KVnq83yulbqNGTy2SsFB43vweb4jXODNOgNBUfSpkQkkxJKEmlDJYL4LWa35D_DW6NpZ6I/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra12.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1403" data-original-width="1016" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ1fg0SJjy_B0DpB21DQAqgh8gx9MwLgUkR-yUbhAidkvMtl1lJISYvj5j7PLx-KLmjRliI5KVnq83yulbqNGTy2SsFB43vweb4jXODNOgNBUfSpkQkkxJKEmlDJYL4LWa35D_DW6NpZ6I/s400/ReinaCostaNegra12.jpg" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#12 (November 10, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigWH7lba1MIH8amhMCcnJShzhC4QXajbOjZpADWwpIrN1m8MZ79tdKgxJIbU9sMmjBYJObMz6Kp648vz_Yz09wPQwRewvrRJ88FfCtSk6XbfjyJmJm-aXDL_2zMhhfnG7vJtEogrthvBEw/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra13.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigWH7lba1MIH8amhMCcnJShzhC4QXajbOjZpADWwpIrN1m8MZ79tdKgxJIbU9sMmjBYJObMz6Kp648vz_Yz09wPQwRewvrRJ88FfCtSk6XbfjyJmJm-aXDL_2zMhhfnG7vJtEogrthvBEw/s400/ReinaCostaNegra13.JPG" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#13 (November 17, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM0Ign6Ivj-Bxs9e1ZK2GJI41qzR077lov_XBZOlBUwjlXhd-X_Ju9huOw1WhX0dMN9jS2chMkETVMgaviFgvCk_g8E3Iza_kB3KK9XaWGwj5VajfQ5mktzMfFaM1ryWjYsaH3vErLTZLI/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra14.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM0Ign6Ivj-Bxs9e1ZK2GJI41qzR077lov_XBZOlBUwjlXhd-X_Ju9huOw1WhX0dMN9jS2chMkETVMgaviFgvCk_g8E3Iza_kB3KK9XaWGwj5VajfQ5mktzMfFaM1ryWjYsaH3vErLTZLI/s400/ReinaCostaNegra14.JPG" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#14 (November 24, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpg-B4tpZp-44wwDqsVmP4X8E-iHLrMzZDfGF-GZLVOnjqt4yaWzbAxa4ALMKF3GK2pwlNdFcmvdvpriz8zePak2WnKECjRNBgbzUjeJlFX7fg-6QgiR-JN5vLAplt3iIoWtJ7DK8bUI8Q/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra15.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpg-B4tpZp-44wwDqsVmP4X8E-iHLrMzZDfGF-GZLVOnjqt4yaWzbAxa4ALMKF3GK2pwlNdFcmvdvpriz8zePak2WnKECjRNBgbzUjeJlFX7fg-6QgiR-JN5vLAplt3iIoWtJ7DK8bUI8Q/s400/ReinaCostaNegra15.JPG" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#15 (December 1, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#15, back cover</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#16 (December 8, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#17 (December 15, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#18 (December 22, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #19</span><span style="font-size: small;"> (December 29, 1965)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#20 (January 5, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#22 (January 19, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #23 (January 26, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#24 (February 2, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#24, back cover</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#25 (February 9, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #26 (February 16, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#27 (February 23, 1966)</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#28 (March 2, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#29 (March 9, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghwLNhSd0hxFVek604r1qPTayO6BzfyrpH2BL34WlqMN7ma1YPHPPkjXdjCUoZuEGQkHNOErUdf07tnP5IQd4WV8hsrh8767MxW8zg1dFzKLXiEILdbZSAaE_oXoerT1BFPxEo_s2OLTGK/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra30.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghwLNhSd0hxFVek604r1qPTayO6BzfyrpH2BL34WlqMN7ma1YPHPPkjXdjCUoZuEGQkHNOErUdf07tnP5IQd4WV8hsrh8767MxW8zg1dFzKLXiEILdbZSAaE_oXoerT1BFPxEo_s2OLTGK/s400/ReinaCostaNegra30.JPG" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#30 (March 16, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #31 (March 23, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#32 (March 30, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#33 (April 6, 1966)</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#34 (April 13, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#35 (April 20, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#36 (April 27, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY0C9kdEI8MyZSpqrqoqDp_I1LeYiZPb0n3NJmWMWJq3ItralBfOckbu-s0YHWhzNZaLh0DmkxZHyQjNyjBDMJ3yiP7L46OEczZO01Fd5YqfXbs7VF7sVV0MsNu3xocJlr92Ek2jmXETmH/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra37.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY0C9kdEI8MyZSpqrqoqDp_I1LeYiZPb0n3NJmWMWJq3ItralBfOckbu-s0YHWhzNZaLh0DmkxZHyQjNyjBDMJ3yiP7L46OEczZO01Fd5YqfXbs7VF7sVV0MsNu3xocJlr92Ek2jmXETmH/s400/ReinaCostaNegra37.JPG" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#37 (May 4, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #38 (May 11, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#39 (May 18, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoIVuQppljhd0wwTYEMJHGuWYASFiT2DrdIAsNwUDNR1fd9c2ESFg8lUCZ6OH3QJmniIKexT28krd2rhZR0EuOs-YZIyOMKPgklMDxEDfuEublSxdv8lDMuOf2daP_xSRkIr-18IXn3E08/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra39+bc.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoIVuQppljhd0wwTYEMJHGuWYASFiT2DrdIAsNwUDNR1fd9c2ESFg8lUCZ6OH3QJmniIKexT28krd2rhZR0EuOs-YZIyOMKPgklMDxEDfuEublSxdv8lDMuOf2daP_xSRkIr-18IXn3E08/s400/ReinaCostaNegra39+bc.JPG" width="298" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#39, back cover</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-McE7tzohBsMM4oEB2IMlBcf4oSB9RbC9jSDwd172kepuGOpWZJsGrDsm3r3BBdH0uwm1hFgac7Efekunyb4wiO4DFa2k4Dl5MYNrOrhAtTkQQKskh1UB-pnePWFfqWVyC2guDZnAYmtd/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra40.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-McE7tzohBsMM4oEB2IMlBcf4oSB9RbC9jSDwd172kepuGOpWZJsGrDsm3r3BBdH0uwm1hFgac7Efekunyb4wiO4DFa2k4Dl5MYNrOrhAtTkQQKskh1UB-pnePWFfqWVyC2guDZnAYmtd/s400/ReinaCostaNegra40.jpg" width="285" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #40 (May 25, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRzBNTCPfNwA8fRpCE4lC2Y6_7MD7Lg2xDLaCGIDoe3qmK5rTLksN1j4L5qj75Lf6lZ6iYqdK2zg1XlLIXayvD-YwA0uDm0X7r1oHo60tchNfYUQuTEYBFQjVY9g0OjFE5RABKgTyxJKeC/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra41.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRzBNTCPfNwA8fRpCE4lC2Y6_7MD7Lg2xDLaCGIDoe3qmK5rTLksN1j4L5qj75Lf6lZ6iYqdK2zg1XlLIXayvD-YwA0uDm0X7r1oHo60tchNfYUQuTEYBFQjVY9g0OjFE5RABKgTyxJKeC/s400/ReinaCostaNegra41.JPG" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#41 (June 1, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjks8dEHRPyS152lGXDEIWJh7Yco6rM671wd35CthAZ72jXpA-UPQWaK-LCxstVMH35ubj96WzwSxohLs21DebAHLWc3_Y9GHLO24VWPfgg8SgnPuLUPlXZwmbgsuhMPH-84J6k59HUK6k-/s1600/ReinaCostaNegra42b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjks8dEHRPyS152lGXDEIWJh7Yco6rM671wd35CthAZ72jXpA-UPQWaK-LCxstVMH35ubj96WzwSxohLs21DebAHLWc3_Y9GHLO24VWPfgg8SgnPuLUPlXZwmbgsuhMPH-84J6k59HUK6k-/s400/ReinaCostaNegra42b.jpg" width="290" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #42 (June 8, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #43 (June 15, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #44 (June 22, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #45 (June 29, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #46 (July 6, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #47 (July 13, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #48 (July 27, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #49, back cover</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: medium;">La Reina de la Costa Negra</i><span style="font-size: small;"> #49 (July 27, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #50 (August 3, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #51 (August 10, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> #52 (August 17, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>La Reina de la Costa Negra</i> </span><span style="font-size: small;">#53 (August 24, 1966)</span></td></tr>
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(If you like old stuff, the illustrations for Robert E. Howard's Weird Tales can be found <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.com/2019/07/robert-e-howard-weird-tales.html" target="_blank">here</a>.)<br />
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-42238411120821502742011-04-13T14:28:00.006-04:002013-07-02T10:15:16.518-04:00Nelvana of the Northern Lights: Canada's answer to a lack of comic books<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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What's black and white and red all over? The cover of TRIUMPH-ADVENTURE COMICS #1 (August 1941), whose two-colour cover promised fun, mystery and adventure for kids suffering from the dearth of American comic books at Canadian newsstands during World War 2. The War Exchange Conservation Act introduced in December of 1940 banned the import of non-essentials, such as periodicals, mostly of the fiction variety. Toronto's Hillborough Studios, founded by unemployed artists Adrian Dingle and Rene and Andre Kulbach, filled the void with their cheaply-printed black and white publication, promising "clean and wholesome" thrills for all ages.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana protects Canada's frozen north from invaders. "If every boy and girl in this great continent of ours", says she, "makes a gigantic effort to buy war savings stamps, the tyranny now on this earth will vanish into its own nothingness!"</i></span></td></tr>
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Most of the magazine is filled with forgettable material: the lead feature is <i>"Spanner" Preston</i>, a squadron leader in the Royal Canadian Air Force, in a comic with almost no dialogue, and captions that merely describe what can already be seen in the panels. There's also <i>Tang</i>, a cowboys-and-Indians adventure starring a horse; <i>Clue-Catchers</i>, a comic destined not to catch on; and some filler material. But one strip stands out: <i>Nelvana of the Northern Lights</i>.<br />
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The splash on page 18 introduces <b>Nelvana</b>, her name in enormous bold font set before an explosion of radiating lines, presumably the aurora borealis, scintillating at her command in all its glorious majesty, as if declaring <i>"She's way better than that 'Spanner' Preston guy!"</i> Nelvana of the Headlights is shown wearing a fur-trimmed miniskirt and a skin-tight costume with gloves, boots and flowing cape. Being a hyperborean demi-goddess impervious to the cold, she has no need for a toque or any other seasonal wear.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Sometimes Nelvana is in a real jam and resorts to calling home for assistance.</i></span></td></tr>
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Her origin is capsulized in a mere caption on the first page, explaining that her father, <b>Koliak, King of the</b> <b>Northern Light</b>s, married a mortal (it wasn't just a one-nighter that produced Nelvana), which angered the other gods, and so he was forbidden to be seen by mortal eyes ever again, except as pretty colours. His daughter, Nelvana, having inherited her mother's traits, <i>can</i> be seen by mortals, but her brother <b>Tanero</b> "must never be seen by those of the white race", presumably so he won't knock up another earth woman, like his father did. However, Nelvana, with the help of her magic cape, can turn Tanero into a Great Dane, collar included, whenever the need arises, and only in this form can he be seen by the white man. (Tanero is visible to the Inuit, and one wonders if he can be seen by other non-white races, or if he can be seen by Metis, if they're looking hard enough.)<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nice colours. Too bad they aren't where they belong.</i></span></td></tr>
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In her first adventure, <i>Death Stalks the Arctic</i>, Eskimos (as they were called back in those politically incorrect days) are facing starvation due to the mysterious disappearance of fish and seal. Tadjo, a tribal leader, summons the other tribes, and they build a snow altar and call upon Nelvana. The aurora borealis dances in the sky and Nelvana appears, descending upon the altar along a beam of light. Tadjo explains the situation, and Nelvana promises to investigate, with the help of her brother. (Nelvana has an eloquent command of the English language, while her subjects sound like Johnny Weissmuller, the standard set-up between white goddess and primitive worshippers ever since H. Rider Haggard's <i>She</i>.)<br />
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The blond Tanero, dressed as Flash Gordon, arrives in similar style, and Nelvana turns the handsome hero into a mutt and flies off, dragging him by the collar. Hundreds of miles north we find several ships dropping thousands of lighted capsules into the water, which attract a great percentage of all forms of marine life within a huge radius. Nelvana discovers that the capsules are time bombs meant to blow up the Eskimos' food supply! But Nelvana can do more than fly and turn her brother into Marmaduke. She can control the north's magnetic energy, and so raises the bombs into the sky, where they explode harmlessly.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Arf! Arf! and awaaaay!"</i></span></td></tr>
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Toroff, the rat-faced villain behind this dastardly scheme, calls upon his men to kill the dog, but to bring the girl alive. "I have a plan!" he sneers, which is usually the case when the girl involved is beautiful and wears a revealing outfit. The story is continued next month, which is rather presumptuous of the publishers.<br />
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By the second issue it's clear who wears the pants in this magazine: it's still "Spanner" Preston, but he's been relegated to backup feature, while Nelvana gets the cover and the lead. In the second part of her adventure, Nelvana sees that Toroff's ships are armed with "thormite" rays, which melt the ice, clearing a path so the enemies of freedom and justice can continue their mission. The fickle Toroff has changed his mind about Nelvana, however, ordering his men to "destroy the girl and dog without fail!"<br />
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We learn that Nelvana can make herself invisible, and that her brother -- at least in his human form -- has "the speed of the killer whale" and "the grace of the polar seal", as well as the strength to tear apart a ship. In fact, he seems more and more like Bill Everett's <i>Submariner</i>.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana in the hidden land of Glacia. You can get there by following the Pole Star.</i></span></td></tr>
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In the third installment of this interminable adventure, Nelvana has discovered the secret of Toroff's plan: kill all the whales and turn them into oil to run his fleet of deadly ships. (The disappearance of seal and fish in the first issue was collateral damage; the disappearance of caribou mentioned in that story is inexplicable.) A busy little beaver, Toroff is also forcing Eskimos to work for him in a mine shaft deep under the "Isle of Mystery", somewhere in the Northwest Territories, where they're digging for "the precious heat-generating zircondium ore (z736)", which can be used to power their weapons. (The plot gets more and more convoluted. Adrian Dingle admitted he made this stuff up as he went along.)<br />
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Issue #4 sported a three-colour cover, and with issue #5 the title was changed to TRIUMPH COMICS. (The <i>Adventure</i> part of the logo was almost microscopic to begin with, anyway.) In this issue Nelvana reveals another power: by bathing enemy "war birds" in rays of light she could disrupt radio communications and fuse delicate instruments, causing the planes to lose control and crash. Issue #6 wrapped up Nelvana's first adventure (for some reason listed as chapter 5), but she was to have other continued adventures starting with #8, predating Stan Lee's lengthy soap operas by over 20 years.<br />
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Hillborough Studios' debts kept piling up and they were taken over by another comic book firm in Toronto, Bell Features. There wasn't much to take, except for TRIUMPH. Adrian Dingle was given the exalted art director position at Bell Features, and drew many of their covers.<br />
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Formerly a printing outfit supplying advertising posters and placards for street cars, Cyril Bell and his brother Gene reckoned they could exploit the War Exchange Conservation Act and make a lot more money producing comic books. The brothers hired writers and artists, some of them barely old enough to be a superhero's sidekick, and their first effort was WOW COMICS, in full colour, but the press they bought required them to run each sheet through the rollers four times to lay down the colours. What might have been a day's work at a reputable printer took two months, and the registration for each colour was off -- way, way off. Still, WOW #1 (September 1941) sold out all 52,000 copies. Eventually the Bells came to their senses and switched to black and white, like their competitors, adding more titles, like DIME, JOKE, ACTIVE and COMMANDO, and creating a very lucrative business.<br />
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Cy Bell recalled the acquisition of Hillborough: "He [Adrian Dingle] started out as an opposition of mine. When I put out DIME and WOW and ACTIVE and some of our first books, TRIUMPH came on the market. Their book came out two or three times, but on the second or third edition they failed to show. So I went around to see the reason it didn't show and they said they couldn't finance it and they were going to go out of business, so I gave them the deal that I would take over the title, continue publishing their book, and that they would work for me. That's how I acquired the Kulbach brothers, and Adrian Dingle, who became, later on, our art director."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Cy Bell, 1971</i></span></td></tr>
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At first they had a bullpen, employing some 60 artists, but Bell figured his art staff would be more productive if he stopped paying them a salary and they worked from home: "Originally they all worked for us upstairs...but there was too much foolery going on, we couldn't get work out of them, so we sent them all home and they came back each week and Adrian Dingle paid them so much per page -- depending on their talent." $6.50 per page, according to Johnny Canuck creator, Leo Bachle.<br />
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"Every Friday when the boys got their cheques," said Bell, "we'd adjourn down at the old Piccadilly hotel, which was on King Street, just where the North American Life Building is now. They eventually tore it down. But every Friday afternoon the boys got their cheques and they went over there and had a general comic book session. That's where a lot of the stories were hashed over and future episodes were talked about..."<br />
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TRIUMPH #7 (February 1942) was the first issue published under the Bell Features imprint, but the only noticeable difference was that the covers were now in full colour. This issue presented Nelvana in a stand-alone story, where she's replaced by an evil German doppelganger named Mardyth. Hitler himself also shows up, though his face is never shown, nor his name uttered. Were they afraid he'd sue for slander?<br />
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Next, Nelvana went to "the strange frozen world of Glacia" deep beneath the arctic ice, where she battles giant mammoth-men and thwarts Vultor's plan to invade the ancient city.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana discovers fashion.</i></span></td></tr>
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Nelvana adopted a Lois Lane look for a while when she moved to Nortonville, Ontario (a place the locals would probably refer to as "the bush"), and assumed a secret identity, Alana North, spy-smasher. In TRIUMPH #25, Nelvana, along with Corporal John Keene of the RCMP, battles the "ether people", who enter our world through speakers to complain about the quality of 1940s radio programs and deliver an ultimatum: stop playing the Andrews Sisters or the earth will be destroyed!<br />
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Nelvana's adventures were getting shorter and shorter -- and so was her time on this earth. With the end of the war came the end of the embargo on American comics, and Superman leaped across the border in a single bound. The anemic Johnny Canuck couldn't compete with his colourful rivals, Batman, Captain Marvel, Captain America, Flash, Sheena, Archie, Wonder Woman, and countless funny animals. It was over.<br />
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Some Nelvana stories were reprinted in a one-shot of her own title in 1945, but after issue #31 of TRIUMPH she appeared only once more, in SUPER DUPER COMICS #3 (May-June 1947), published by F. E. Howard, who purchased the rights to some of Bell Features' characters after Cy Bell threw in the towel. Once again it was written and drawn by Adrian Dingle, this time in full colour. In fact, Adrian Dingle was Nelvana's sole writer and artist from beginning to end, with the exception of TRIUMPH #31, which was written by John Hollis Mason.<br />
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Dingle continued to paint, but looked back on his comic book career with fond memories: "The era of the comic book was a very exciting one in my career. It meant a great deal to me. We had rather grandiose illusions of where it might end because the American distribution was cut off and Canada was then getting ready to distribute comic books across the border and we had all sorts of wonderful ideas of solid gold Cadillacs and everybody was talking exorbitant salaries..."<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Adrian Dingle, 1971</i></span></td></tr>
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Of his time at Bell Features, he said "Cy Bell was a very dynamic character. I enjoyed working with him, he was always so full of enthusiasm, and we lived in a sort of a world of fantasy in those days drumming up these scripts for comic books, and Cy was always a part of it. He was a most magnetic person to work with, he really was. He was astounding. We had some marvellous personalities in the whole group..."<br />
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Adrian Dingle died in 1974, and was posthumously inducted into the Joe Shuster Canadian Comic Book Creators Hall of Fame in 2005. Canada Post issued a Nelvana stamp in 1995.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana ain't so tough, not when anyone can lick 'er. She got her own stamp in 1995, part of a book of stamps celebrating Canadian superheroes: </i>Nelvana<i>, </i>Johnny Canuck<i>, </i>Captain Canuck<i>, </i>Fleur<i> </i>de Lys<i>, and, stretching it a bit, </i>Superman<i>, created by writer Jerry Siegel and Canadian artist Joe Shuster. The image used for this stamp was taken from the cover of her 1945 self-titled one-shot.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Nelvana of the Northern Lights" pg.1, from </i>SUPER DUPER COMICS<i> #3</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana pg. 2</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana pg. 3</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana pg. 4</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8wyPOioEYwQqSTLNMIdWgVzAOSul2MX7_TX4lF74XajTqqRYHVeUqzu5Q1BsayD6nS4Hc3PNbTmNOxfbGvFtTSJInT9S4lyWIoxfQnw4IAVKmm-61_tkfQhd1Rpwobq_oP4YOxZyHcwse/s1600/super+duper+5b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8wyPOioEYwQqSTLNMIdWgVzAOSul2MX7_TX4lF74XajTqqRYHVeUqzu5Q1BsayD6nS4Hc3PNbTmNOxfbGvFtTSJInT9S4lyWIoxfQnw4IAVKmm-61_tkfQhd1Rpwobq_oP4YOxZyHcwse/s400/super+duper+5b.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana pg. 5</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwnMkuEAl40vb-Q1YBhy_sVAdQzvMboIgcgViJ_iVWMqpaacHZdABeopdadQmFDbjc88lTD-zjICk_bZsnctg0NkWYkP8mYGcY2iyRFMMaySrOk5z21n65euh44JnroxGqwelC1FY93BBy/s1600/super+duper+6b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwnMkuEAl40vb-Q1YBhy_sVAdQzvMboIgcgViJ_iVWMqpaacHZdABeopdadQmFDbjc88lTD-zjICk_bZsnctg0NkWYkP8mYGcY2iyRFMMaySrOk5z21n65euh44JnroxGqwelC1FY93BBy/s400/super+duper+6b.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana pg. 6</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXXA99yJ-0A594r_4ZMB8C44xU5Ss1H7pS80BFekOMXZ6f2uLMA7OKpKCxHmXNurOsE8MHqSaomm5u61cvZ61yrKlagDM3-t0Yo7HryylDCpf_mJoJQ9jW2pRRQQ6cZcnkBZN3iTHzignA/s1600/super+duper+7b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXXA99yJ-0A594r_4ZMB8C44xU5Ss1H7pS80BFekOMXZ6f2uLMA7OKpKCxHmXNurOsE8MHqSaomm5u61cvZ61yrKlagDM3-t0Yo7HryylDCpf_mJoJQ9jW2pRRQQ6cZcnkBZN3iTHzignA/s400/super+duper+7b.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana pg. 7</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyN6ETleEDtWQIjNhxcBEkwZogkjqvrATh-5fmhPUUJZHBX2DmuqAj8y1SI019ee5GgYUU-RQ5sbEm2gq1bvG3iefpDBy0I4qeKEhfNV7rqQpJdL7G4sVTcNfY1UZHv-O7mCLXT7jwQpyW/s1600/super+duper+8b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyN6ETleEDtWQIjNhxcBEkwZogkjqvrATh-5fmhPUUJZHBX2DmuqAj8y1SI019ee5GgYUU-RQ5sbEm2gq1bvG3iefpDBy0I4qeKEhfNV7rqQpJdL7G4sVTcNfY1UZHv-O7mCLXT7jwQpyW/s400/super+duper+8b.jpg" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Nelvana pg. 8</i></span></td></tr>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-64296150422264362992011-04-01T10:40:00.001-04:002018-01-21T09:01:48.099-05:00Little Orphan Annie strip 1985I'm a big fan of Harold Gray's <i>Little Orphan Annie</i>, especially the strips produced during the '20s and '30s. Annie was quite the character in <i>them there</i> days. She was tough, bold and somewhat belligerent. She had to be. She often lived on her own or on the streets, mostly during the Depression. She had a tremendous work ethic, though, and managed to take care of herself, as well as help others. Smart, independent, resourceful, a real survivor. She charmed her way into the good graces of strangers -- but also made a lot of enemies. She stood up to bullies and gave them a black eye or a bleeding nose. And she always managed to out-smart thieves and murderers and creeps; occasionally "Daddy" would come to the rescue and beat their faces in. It was a brutal world, but worth living in for the sweeter moments.<br />
<br />
<i>Annie</i> (the character and the strip) reflected a lot of Gray's conservative politics, and it's hard to imagine that a strip so dependent on the creator's philosophy was able to continue after his death in 1968, except that kids liked Annie and probably didn't notice -- or care -- that Gray was dead, as long as the strip lived on. It just barely survived until that consummate professional, Leonard Starr, came along in 1979.<br />
<br />
Here is a complete <i>Annie</i> story, which ran from September 22, 1985 to January 11, 1986. This swell yarn was written and drawn by Starr. It's an eerie mystery, as well as a heart-breaker. I really liked it, so I collected the strips myself, but for some reason it looks like I clipped them from the newspaper using a pair of garden shears.<br />
<br />
Unfortunately, the print was terrible back then, so I did my best to make the images legible. Minor caveat: the December 31 daily is missing, but it makes no difference in the scheme of things. A new storyline begins in the last panel of the January 5, 1986 Sunday comic, with a sort of anti-climax to the preceding story continuing for the rest of the week, which I included.<br />
<br />
The scans are nice and big for those of you whose eyes are shot.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKyIvl8DxqGtMm79DEqmjpFLOjMzh8iVZTeFFEdqF-swZeXhOc6KtCl9oqk402ajUxZ1-3ovyjzKCv9WImCW0iA-Lv_w3dtb_dnmExCwy-lYNFVpSoAt1mtlX0rT6myjlggsCvumA1IBrm/s1600/loa+9+22b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKyIvl8DxqGtMm79DEqmjpFLOjMzh8iVZTeFFEdqF-swZeXhOc6KtCl9oqk402ajUxZ1-3ovyjzKCv9WImCW0iA-Lv_w3dtb_dnmExCwy-lYNFVpSoAt1mtlX0rT6myjlggsCvumA1IBrm/s320/loa+9+22b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 9/22/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIPfvrfhoptlI-AVIDw3tq986UVIa5X9-G0b732cMfgaijrTaTeRh0ElO6orqLFvZ8UGhABYw98KlpempXm6WNmQxzBH99hIqhGw9g1lZ0CTXTI_14fDn9QzOxn-M4pqKP44ZQErrACYYB/s1600/loa+9+23-25b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIPfvrfhoptlI-AVIDw3tq986UVIa5X9-G0b732cMfgaijrTaTeRh0ElO6orqLFvZ8UGhABYw98KlpempXm6WNmQxzBH99hIqhGw9g1lZ0CTXTI_14fDn9QzOxn-M4pqKP44ZQErrACYYB/s320/loa+9+23-25b.jpg" width="309" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">9/23 - 9/25/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTzUDDO80SpiB-Sg8Dr4MjIrRftrD2Nkk1dA21sAKD005HfEpAn9FQD3lACUfVdHNnAGM6lsqXgA3xju5MQSsxOKLJdOnWtHx48wFvZ6owxp8nQq23E_a3kwCoQz8iSeVHKEmy2xxVnWdu/s1600/loa+9+26-28b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTzUDDO80SpiB-Sg8Dr4MjIrRftrD2Nkk1dA21sAKD005HfEpAn9FQD3lACUfVdHNnAGM6lsqXgA3xju5MQSsxOKLJdOnWtHx48wFvZ6owxp8nQq23E_a3kwCoQz8iSeVHKEmy2xxVnWdu/s320/loa+9+26-28b.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">9/26 - 9/28/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsac8L9ZvzLlQYP-Ga1MNxAF7gDMIz73HFxqrloXyXPSpoo5JwNtV6d5t_o4R-Nyp1FMk7M2k07TnEU2Vr9RjD_oI1LN7jqQaCsgGkflAOqAZkHoDGO32HWWx0RY9VNL5hKjbePz-r151v/s1600/loa+9+29b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="154" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsac8L9ZvzLlQYP-Ga1MNxAF7gDMIz73HFxqrloXyXPSpoo5JwNtV6d5t_o4R-Nyp1FMk7M2k07TnEU2Vr9RjD_oI1LN7jqQaCsgGkflAOqAZkHoDGO32HWWx0RY9VNL5hKjbePz-r151v/s320/loa+9+29b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 9/29/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOOnIJOhb85YPEeJ9J0H166qtYd_A8QSSmqVSsol2XwUDGUCdsDed9ziPyp-AMJ7bW2vuWNeeHtF7JIn0V4hNHFuQgrNCD4NS4YfN_G0xVQwKB2mJAI_Ck14TdMw95gvaXElkxCpVUHrEl/s1600/loa+9+30+and+10+1-2b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOOnIJOhb85YPEeJ9J0H166qtYd_A8QSSmqVSsol2XwUDGUCdsDed9ziPyp-AMJ7bW2vuWNeeHtF7JIn0V4hNHFuQgrNCD4NS4YfN_G0xVQwKB2mJAI_Ck14TdMw95gvaXElkxCpVUHrEl/s320/loa+9+30+and+10+1-2b.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">9/30 - 10/2/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv2-ApfFhYkbtFZFNpX0pSuXOFMe2Hl2f5VTFgZ8o_RL238opqzjjKNWiPn1aOwRtHuR23BfQRJ6gr2HtTqocboH8OhKjNxMpPerXoQ9_ufym-k-T3lgGklKbYmYGAwdb4PBAN-WJXzhRM/s1600/loa+10+3-5b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv2-ApfFhYkbtFZFNpX0pSuXOFMe2Hl2f5VTFgZ8o_RL238opqzjjKNWiPn1aOwRtHuR23BfQRJ6gr2HtTqocboH8OhKjNxMpPerXoQ9_ufym-k-T3lgGklKbYmYGAwdb4PBAN-WJXzhRM/s320/loa+10+3-5b.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/3 -10/5/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxt241gjwVbI7H1ddESyAaHrej8rMNBGSA3flmOZgoHKPn1BcnPYBomUD36Gzl6fwxo2oNWJv7B-7bXjkMl98gwYCRb4znKaTVc2ai5dyEn1HbxZPqhSLWHm1y85UIMfvqMEkNd7bt2-MZ/s1600/loa+10+6b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxt241gjwVbI7H1ddESyAaHrej8rMNBGSA3flmOZgoHKPn1BcnPYBomUD36Gzl6fwxo2oNWJv7B-7bXjkMl98gwYCRb4znKaTVc2ai5dyEn1HbxZPqhSLWHm1y85UIMfvqMEkNd7bt2-MZ/s320/loa+10+6b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 10/6/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGkvY2tFv08DXyxZsuud_MCwgyrWH1lqoQekGHkgpsaa7ESdh3xk4aHUfBBHgP7jw6Tjmh7PQV0YE9vYakz5t0duNKRZbY4PLsqh0lOqZ_X1fEin5wFT6XGOtDjFq_ua_6_2z0lbOONGGv/s1600/loa+10+7-9b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGkvY2tFv08DXyxZsuud_MCwgyrWH1lqoQekGHkgpsaa7ESdh3xk4aHUfBBHgP7jw6Tjmh7PQV0YE9vYakz5t0duNKRZbY4PLsqh0lOqZ_X1fEin5wFT6XGOtDjFq_ua_6_2z0lbOONGGv/s320/loa+10+7-9b.jpg" width="302" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/7 -10/9/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirkdzjZuC0G9oKUXRyvJFxPuXIBa8dvpkGZh32FcMvWBs0Jylhyqj8s35wkWcPLue74qIky78WFhY_qr0aLlHhyhbmKd1efSM3aZIe4d14HTeHbM2lfVyffmAo3PqZZYTUvcrdbRj-cGxl/s1600/loa+10+10-12b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirkdzjZuC0G9oKUXRyvJFxPuXIBa8dvpkGZh32FcMvWBs0Jylhyqj8s35wkWcPLue74qIky78WFhY_qr0aLlHhyhbmKd1efSM3aZIe4d14HTeHbM2lfVyffmAo3PqZZYTUvcrdbRj-cGxl/s320/loa+10+10-12b.jpg" width="305" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/10 -10/12/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioJ1jcKwNIQYNkTGDdCxxYUdFrmzVH5wcs0uk0bWoFnRLgzeodHmv7sgQfgpvC4fvbyvl7-FAbETelR7nxTbeUKUvpZ4mhtvBMADvbficiEsWGdE3BMbWi790yAN4T948PVZBeBwPQEHjr/s1600/loa+10+13b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioJ1jcKwNIQYNkTGDdCxxYUdFrmzVH5wcs0uk0bWoFnRLgzeodHmv7sgQfgpvC4fvbyvl7-FAbETelR7nxTbeUKUvpZ4mhtvBMADvbficiEsWGdE3BMbWi790yAN4T948PVZBeBwPQEHjr/s320/loa+10+13b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 10/13/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilZJbZpZtFFOlk-23NgKApHHGCgOBhgHnIbmZwCo9snVhVUc9TV1L920mMopVt_wSg6Tij-d9G-LYKu-j-Dfjjfduo8Nk3yxob-ToD1EQjXumrKdnloBbLsdftZpnuLi4we7rrfcdzCLJP/s1600/loa+10+14-16b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilZJbZpZtFFOlk-23NgKApHHGCgOBhgHnIbmZwCo9snVhVUc9TV1L920mMopVt_wSg6Tij-d9G-LYKu-j-Dfjjfduo8Nk3yxob-ToD1EQjXumrKdnloBbLsdftZpnuLi4we7rrfcdzCLJP/s320/loa+10+14-16b.jpg" width="304" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/14 - 10/16/1985</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTgCyaaYTuHyiDOvDOeaeX6jKIRUxmHv78cp_Xiktf1Q3CoQYTaKUs2t2oCPEs56Kkr0OEoj3Joj0sxSAUIkOm1P8cqSojcYMso2HAkm_XGKoop0eVzzv09n9SZic4dRFD5NW6-OjmKczV/s1600/loa+10+17-19b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTgCyaaYTuHyiDOvDOeaeX6jKIRUxmHv78cp_Xiktf1Q3CoQYTaKUs2t2oCPEs56Kkr0OEoj3Joj0sxSAUIkOm1P8cqSojcYMso2HAkm_XGKoop0eVzzv09n9SZic4dRFD5NW6-OjmKczV/s320/loa+10+17-19b.jpg" width="306" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/17 -10/19/1985</span></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRqHfjVJsMoIeGEnDpRkh4WwwZYVRgjHazQ9nQvhZgPBEo54xbl8YDN1Hyr17UhasnK0BOf4FSnrpaqdfAoBJQwMhZLY_49H2tunt3ZqjQzfVzQtRZGtBtcw1dj7ryHB7o4fpeiBM7Swk6/s1600/loa+10+20b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRqHfjVJsMoIeGEnDpRkh4WwwZYVRgjHazQ9nQvhZgPBEo54xbl8YDN1Hyr17UhasnK0BOf4FSnrpaqdfAoBJQwMhZLY_49H2tunt3ZqjQzfVzQtRZGtBtcw1dj7ryHB7o4fpeiBM7Swk6/s320/loa+10+20b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 10/20/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYv77PPFS5TewVv6vWJsVRx3LjuYTCuxRORFhJ2lgahKXdJehzcCcKryN-IALeQxlFtzHu1VGThfV_iWqJp2_YorEU_MhQRfNI53QkuIF7IF9yAWxereRaRCdcxunuVz53_4huF78LFD2b/s1600/loa+10+21-23b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYv77PPFS5TewVv6vWJsVRx3LjuYTCuxRORFhJ2lgahKXdJehzcCcKryN-IALeQxlFtzHu1VGThfV_iWqJp2_YorEU_MhQRfNI53QkuIF7IF9yAWxereRaRCdcxunuVz53_4huF78LFD2b/s320/loa+10+21-23b.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/21 -10/23/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaUOfpk3dS4bhLtTncKXCD563zG6ysku6pVDWaKYZqJJcKm_eRCKqbObjUzT34ilgJvEDesy8d-6nVG_E7RwgfUVGldaWKfh1y4irt6d3k79KfArKWOvQh90rg_OuppuXn89-P-GEnAQAa/s1600/loa+10+24-26b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaUOfpk3dS4bhLtTncKXCD563zG6ysku6pVDWaKYZqJJcKm_eRCKqbObjUzT34ilgJvEDesy8d-6nVG_E7RwgfUVGldaWKfh1y4irt6d3k79KfArKWOvQh90rg_OuppuXn89-P-GEnAQAa/s320/loa+10+24-26b.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/24 - 10/26/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk4LL_2d_PxuHhW8RZYQ4aefiHo0qubcFYJFTAB3tJHH4q0oSVl5aB6Xz0X4DK3JzfvZA-WvdurS4fmoJgbJt7dm0clDFzD8SAM1bP_1QSQPUZLafxHFbMim07yV6FVtS1ivvvCCJPiqNt/s1600/loa+10+27b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk4LL_2d_PxuHhW8RZYQ4aefiHo0qubcFYJFTAB3tJHH4q0oSVl5aB6Xz0X4DK3JzfvZA-WvdurS4fmoJgbJt7dm0clDFzD8SAM1bP_1QSQPUZLafxHFbMim07yV6FVtS1ivvvCCJPiqNt/s320/loa+10+27b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 10/27/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjny27jaIPZuglehpGm9-dGTnFygeMEoujhfdQDxoijF1cIMWtKZ4IrTIVItUGSWhriW5kk0QV2PFWAyWoLamuDDRtFUjL65O8fcRCBqz9dgjv_lvm88DlQiWvklNEaMqrsS2rslWb-RH_H/s1600/loa+10+28-30b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjny27jaIPZuglehpGm9-dGTnFygeMEoujhfdQDxoijF1cIMWtKZ4IrTIVItUGSWhriW5kk0QV2PFWAyWoLamuDDRtFUjL65O8fcRCBqz9dgjv_lvm88DlQiWvklNEaMqrsS2rslWb-RH_H/s320/loa+10+28-30b.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/28 - 10/30/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs2-BtkPjXudmgK4wqTadyeneSbafUTZF5V0ImBKEdZyxt0Xv-g1EkU1shplUS_ykUQqWiM0uIsbhgouq2EjhZjWjqZ-VchdaqpC3EryfgzY1rpSBmT_G2sY2er0WiyjTVjB3CAxdbQDiB/s1600/loa+10+31-11+2b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs2-BtkPjXudmgK4wqTadyeneSbafUTZF5V0ImBKEdZyxt0Xv-g1EkU1shplUS_ykUQqWiM0uIsbhgouq2EjhZjWjqZ-VchdaqpC3EryfgzY1rpSBmT_G2sY2er0WiyjTVjB3CAxdbQDiB/s320/loa+10+31-11+2b.jpg" width="298" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">10/31 - 11/2/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBD-nPqf5Mli9xrptsB5ZCr5A7HU-AzWhW3dnet7xfgaPsuI8fS8jLHB1rJvsis6iCRZS-FkJ81s0FI2cqwiaTIlTbnaAgatG6SllmBJI-luw2px4FVzymFwdw5WYacHfZTBg8Pb9ElLnV/s1600/loa+11+3b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBD-nPqf5Mli9xrptsB5ZCr5A7HU-AzWhW3dnet7xfgaPsuI8fS8jLHB1rJvsis6iCRZS-FkJ81s0FI2cqwiaTIlTbnaAgatG6SllmBJI-luw2px4FVzymFwdw5WYacHfZTBg8Pb9ElLnV/s320/loa+11+3b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 11/3/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivbsoTjNEmsY9C-62KlvfNcI0_X2Az7m6qJ4O8Yl2tDxfgie7hdPq4i8QGaEix_7G4sI5mchqPnWORxPYfkdw0yt9CAk9wqMqUGgc-9wyCG9vpxCIeUnTvRG8A6TFKIXpQmc33vnr8XqNg/s1600/loa+11+4-6b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivbsoTjNEmsY9C-62KlvfNcI0_X2Az7m6qJ4O8Yl2tDxfgie7hdPq4i8QGaEix_7G4sI5mchqPnWORxPYfkdw0yt9CAk9wqMqUGgc-9wyCG9vpxCIeUnTvRG8A6TFKIXpQmc33vnr8XqNg/s320/loa+11+4-6b.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/4 - 11/6/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-DTsS18evzQLCew9Z3F7PKuosC2O7FcQBpZHuIKuMvMpGiZ-bHq_zFv8_Pxmop2q__HtKmbI911mcELsBI0iiLK-Mv9grjIl5BlJtuTHVkKvN-6ZyX0QwZTYvkJxJzGHjlFkDR3gB00jG/s1600/loa+11+7-9b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-DTsS18evzQLCew9Z3F7PKuosC2O7FcQBpZHuIKuMvMpGiZ-bHq_zFv8_Pxmop2q__HtKmbI911mcELsBI0iiLK-Mv9grjIl5BlJtuTHVkKvN-6ZyX0QwZTYvkJxJzGHjlFkDR3gB00jG/s320/loa+11+7-9b.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/7 - 11/9/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTo6j1oX5Re2r1W-DsZ4isMy79jWCy3kxSqJzW_XX0Eqntk61VklHS9ZmQBotLX8p3B8GIL9B_f__aRD-dIvohIBWvKsCiQ9GtXBoZhqcFZIg5gig4s7Dy6p7zv9rwAZSRa39p26uwQ6IL/s1600/loa+11+10b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTo6j1oX5Re2r1W-DsZ4isMy79jWCy3kxSqJzW_XX0Eqntk61VklHS9ZmQBotLX8p3B8GIL9B_f__aRD-dIvohIBWvKsCiQ9GtXBoZhqcFZIg5gig4s7Dy6p7zv9rwAZSRa39p26uwQ6IL/s320/loa+11+10b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 11/10/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqUM3yHzVlA-umfp00Y7TacqO047OGLoSNw6feWo2LkkTgkTWXZB53M3WE6tTGBF_lkdMgB0_sv47OQcecKiMHkeeWJM0AndjlA-foam3ERtRXe8tDhyphenhyphenYt4PJF_BIo1TpXvfkKJnYWv39P/s1600/loa+11+11-13b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqUM3yHzVlA-umfp00Y7TacqO047OGLoSNw6feWo2LkkTgkTWXZB53M3WE6tTGBF_lkdMgB0_sv47OQcecKiMHkeeWJM0AndjlA-foam3ERtRXe8tDhyphenhyphenYt4PJF_BIo1TpXvfkKJnYWv39P/s320/loa+11+11-13b.jpg" width="299" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/11 - 11/13/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWqQ-TXLdL5KP4Jjihp1pj35B4J1WurBS0LzS8F97A-PTIS42lGZCDAyWtUO_m_tred5jFK1gFrvDSyrvxzjknhzIKRdGBU_KEQR1VLLk9-evN2F29ydG1W1SWKk7Z1a1UYsuhSqKKrMD7/s1600/loa+11+14-16b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWqQ-TXLdL5KP4Jjihp1pj35B4J1WurBS0LzS8F97A-PTIS42lGZCDAyWtUO_m_tred5jFK1gFrvDSyrvxzjknhzIKRdGBU_KEQR1VLLk9-evN2F29ydG1W1SWKk7Z1a1UYsuhSqKKrMD7/s320/loa+11+14-16b.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/14 - 11/16/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK_wsB4CA2t9NqTOvF2E0728t7t5xbyqbuZepx59hM1hiCcuUci1Mf5_M9KRYLTnUddOE1rh6cINZY_vFkZceYiv6TEuFKPNcRbBx53tJHWx6ZoHHOqzmUnTBMAxpEM1CGn7kBp5IC9aBM/s1600/loa+11+17b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK_wsB4CA2t9NqTOvF2E0728t7t5xbyqbuZepx59hM1hiCcuUci1Mf5_M9KRYLTnUddOE1rh6cINZY_vFkZceYiv6TEuFKPNcRbBx53tJHWx6ZoHHOqzmUnTBMAxpEM1CGn7kBp5IC9aBM/s320/loa+11+17b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 11/17/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT0xxklHuYWrauaklmX5zEasCBXrVMrPIGEpq1IiZDQ7FRz_QA4PtngmGWatS3Zw6UBnlsINdTLLCM89ihpMywnFztxuy6C9f6_77qeo1mG_hlFBZsPLcGjp_ht7Iv8U_YSsLJXdKyw1sC/s1600/loa+11+18-20b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT0xxklHuYWrauaklmX5zEasCBXrVMrPIGEpq1IiZDQ7FRz_QA4PtngmGWatS3Zw6UBnlsINdTLLCM89ihpMywnFztxuy6C9f6_77qeo1mG_hlFBZsPLcGjp_ht7Iv8U_YSsLJXdKyw1sC/s320/loa+11+18-20b.jpg" width="297" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/18 - 11/20/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdxtUGRKgp7D3XChGouTCn9WbbeK5YmF0SzcX4MXgvalKblUYUtdzR3AixW-7OwWz6hOJLnbTXtW3odYqvuefxJ8oIZp99HIx1RWBNrx4Oqd1kJ_1iZWdRn-BAowBX33RCKSISLcEwpVeM/s1600/loa+11+21-23b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdxtUGRKgp7D3XChGouTCn9WbbeK5YmF0SzcX4MXgvalKblUYUtdzR3AixW-7OwWz6hOJLnbTXtW3odYqvuefxJ8oIZp99HIx1RWBNrx4Oqd1kJ_1iZWdRn-BAowBX33RCKSISLcEwpVeM/s320/loa+11+21-23b.jpg" width="295" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/21 - 11/23/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2chseFphhBdShKEW_-lbJo-dA7qqNPX1yRYeMnGcYl0IatHNFC1i8aXgI2dIBFO-UtXdVzWhcHfSoeLu6m57muYmskzr-3PupVu0WMNiFFdwGhH5fBGCc7IBkz4AkhHOtzWACNwS5rmcc/s1600/loa+11+24b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2chseFphhBdShKEW_-lbJo-dA7qqNPX1yRYeMnGcYl0IatHNFC1i8aXgI2dIBFO-UtXdVzWhcHfSoeLu6m57muYmskzr-3PupVu0WMNiFFdwGhH5fBGCc7IBkz4AkhHOtzWACNwS5rmcc/s320/loa+11+24b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 11/24/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgCAyaDqnLX0tmkb3rm_t8hsHgHYaAyBtRqygBZYo7i0ppRQKCcI1tGu3c0O0w6-iAju3hNI9BwjYZyBxsc2CGbv5byxUCi4vMC1JH47-xV9BGQmPWj05f2QG5_zrAo-cc28vLYvmXY8P2/s1600/loa+11+25-27b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgCAyaDqnLX0tmkb3rm_t8hsHgHYaAyBtRqygBZYo7i0ppRQKCcI1tGu3c0O0w6-iAju3hNI9BwjYZyBxsc2CGbv5byxUCi4vMC1JH47-xV9BGQmPWj05f2QG5_zrAo-cc28vLYvmXY8P2/s320/loa+11+25-27b.jpg" width="296" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/25 - 11/27/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvRWA1g5uvdpprNc_o8TF-NbkTIojHiVQ4lPr5A6ohxwJOvb_Mb4nrAtnWrUYtIOIfV8yaus8PTVjaYamBbbLiOJvI1OOWVTvM4eIhxaCHa2QfnA0C9JgexGh-JTFI12EzX4rH-I0XkHPw/s1600/loa+11+28-30b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvRWA1g5uvdpprNc_o8TF-NbkTIojHiVQ4lPr5A6ohxwJOvb_Mb4nrAtnWrUYtIOIfV8yaus8PTVjaYamBbbLiOJvI1OOWVTvM4eIhxaCHa2QfnA0C9JgexGh-JTFI12EzX4rH-I0XkHPw/s320/loa+11+28-30b.jpg" width="294" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">11/28 - 11/30/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9XC6wHIKTwcqkUbfk9l4NOnIIfa0khnBQUmW5GDakwkxpR0z-EFdBuW8PC9miDX_eAuh6cCc2cuBANOmMOdynvhyKj1bagypv3LMEyEUjdXMX9FiBizx0BcxKPWYBcgNP95Au7Q4qY8VV/s1600/loa+12+1b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9XC6wHIKTwcqkUbfk9l4NOnIIfa0khnBQUmW5GDakwkxpR0z-EFdBuW8PC9miDX_eAuh6cCc2cuBANOmMOdynvhyKj1bagypv3LMEyEUjdXMX9FiBizx0BcxKPWYBcgNP95Au7Q4qY8VV/s320/loa+12+1b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 12/1/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfq1itJGRLZCoZWy39-osfC8SktQTtfp5_XXe_4aAOzHdqfOk2NliDw-tHxXlBG2nCA8hyphenhyphenlP1y3PbDwwCpFIwOHJX2djt1LeZ3gt2bJ9QEieFdtbd8XmXbkbBOuVH31OBC3YmK51JY2KOz/s1600/loa+12+2-4b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfq1itJGRLZCoZWy39-osfC8SktQTtfp5_XXe_4aAOzHdqfOk2NliDw-tHxXlBG2nCA8hyphenhyphenlP1y3PbDwwCpFIwOHJX2djt1LeZ3gt2bJ9QEieFdtbd8XmXbkbBOuVH31OBC3YmK51JY2KOz/s320/loa+12+2-4b.jpg" width="294" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/2 - 12/4/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN_dyj43rLH7mz7_8bcEsJDfS8UwQX4LkrTnaPa1mVvGiprcS8oVmX922vfUDZvEWJMkxJtTfl8JSMoUzr_vOnORHDxQKeMRhie8tyKW4pE24mTi_2g8Q9GntM-tSMj7Aod9UN5AFD8gEE/s1600/loa+12+5-7b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN_dyj43rLH7mz7_8bcEsJDfS8UwQX4LkrTnaPa1mVvGiprcS8oVmX922vfUDZvEWJMkxJtTfl8JSMoUzr_vOnORHDxQKeMRhie8tyKW4pE24mTi_2g8Q9GntM-tSMj7Aod9UN5AFD8gEE/s320/loa+12+5-7b.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/5/ - 12/7/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKv9q84VuEZItkoP8TxFy9mkyFtq9ElbNGVmYdQvDL42ffyI7xrOYhAYFyUoBtGMiWCg61wcuC0vBmSZiCGoDi4V-sWwEq1AGdF8H686bIqgxHs82pl2LBr_JGA6UNZAKh1y6-KjPTd6ml/s1600/loa+12+8b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKv9q84VuEZItkoP8TxFy9mkyFtq9ElbNGVmYdQvDL42ffyI7xrOYhAYFyUoBtGMiWCg61wcuC0vBmSZiCGoDi4V-sWwEq1AGdF8H686bIqgxHs82pl2LBr_JGA6UNZAKh1y6-KjPTd6ml/s320/loa+12+8b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 12/8/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdCD0mm66KrAnIyro6O14eWUVsMVe-unDl6oF5iYjCwo6AInv2iTOyqoTRlSKVmY5TjUTF5Eg5hDCtu6UB9gCacOSDckQWrIHXWhQpZh2ApCuaCI99sOfwMxgZ0DBBdDw-km98-CI13iZG/s1600/loa+12+9-11b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdCD0mm66KrAnIyro6O14eWUVsMVe-unDl6oF5iYjCwo6AInv2iTOyqoTRlSKVmY5TjUTF5Eg5hDCtu6UB9gCacOSDckQWrIHXWhQpZh2ApCuaCI99sOfwMxgZ0DBBdDw-km98-CI13iZG/s320/loa+12+9-11b.jpg" width="303" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/9 - 12/11/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8gwAnBP0OQN6dTCs7PCwxA1A2quGHVBFXSLXZVeeZTOiIB77lQ36b2G3PXF25bzKZUlsU7KXYp-TGghjZpRkHJydzjOJ2Y4BuN-1kRqZI7Nn4CIHXkQTXao2bYOvWeu7qzdatdOBVw6pt/s1600/loa+12+12-14b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8gwAnBP0OQN6dTCs7PCwxA1A2quGHVBFXSLXZVeeZTOiIB77lQ36b2G3PXF25bzKZUlsU7KXYp-TGghjZpRkHJydzjOJ2Y4BuN-1kRqZI7Nn4CIHXkQTXao2bYOvWeu7qzdatdOBVw6pt/s320/loa+12+12-14b.jpg" width="299" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/12 - 12/14/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtvfYqOroXRQLNa38_ymLO7aRHg4i_fir29b0bS8WQNsapBme_CbKlatUenlpH_eSH8hF73Opr9hmPAvEoeeJ0jq7NRFarumHauEqpmziYOVE-ToSCj5eVExH_QEQ_GXfXikyHxv6nM_Ov/s1600/loa+12+15b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="161" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtvfYqOroXRQLNa38_ymLO7aRHg4i_fir29b0bS8WQNsapBme_CbKlatUenlpH_eSH8hF73Opr9hmPAvEoeeJ0jq7NRFarumHauEqpmziYOVE-ToSCj5eVExH_QEQ_GXfXikyHxv6nM_Ov/s320/loa+12+15b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 12/15/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHai4r5gXdne9DIE9V85PN-8fjuweLUoo55e7yVhpVgEEsp3-4Z4exLUDvtYCT-LXvuP01hI7xuR80KuU6DCniQHWWiCqE-db7A-2MSwpKURDQFqEVJ5DVhZbmGpjaG3xzsh35W1ZsPSuI/s1600/loa+12+16-18b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHai4r5gXdne9DIE9V85PN-8fjuweLUoo55e7yVhpVgEEsp3-4Z4exLUDvtYCT-LXvuP01hI7xuR80KuU6DCniQHWWiCqE-db7A-2MSwpKURDQFqEVJ5DVhZbmGpjaG3xzsh35W1ZsPSuI/s320/loa+12+16-18b.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/16 - 12/18/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXd-SHkE6UmDIwyHt4rtQNMQuTJ_QlhBjUTNotUiTtDHokKwbnF5YNPuwCBv81irabycbUncxgHH255-HeOoOswfPiJaE5i5zQ04MudnGd9VQccPSd7S3VDTlslyoZ0kaM65il2X9i47an/s1600/loa+12+19-21b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXd-SHkE6UmDIwyHt4rtQNMQuTJ_QlhBjUTNotUiTtDHokKwbnF5YNPuwCBv81irabycbUncxgHH255-HeOoOswfPiJaE5i5zQ04MudnGd9VQccPSd7S3VDTlslyoZ0kaM65il2X9i47an/s320/loa+12+19-21b.jpg" width="289" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/19 - 12/21/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpwcEYBZvWqZ5xxBoFgXw9uEwiiEPBVUhAwGCKCbhk9ithcox2l13YQzSnK3eDShvsb5aAtEoC9NQ8oGfZJQ5dSUdoRpLnEcw72yf6zTIvBJ7TO_1EPiG8jPfZHec6SCv7dlYtLUTIhZFu/s1600/loa+12+22b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpwcEYBZvWqZ5xxBoFgXw9uEwiiEPBVUhAwGCKCbhk9ithcox2l13YQzSnK3eDShvsb5aAtEoC9NQ8oGfZJQ5dSUdoRpLnEcw72yf6zTIvBJ7TO_1EPiG8jPfZHec6SCv7dlYtLUTIhZFu/s320/loa+12+22b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 12/22/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiRNy5DaE-CXIbvrmewtTi4QIB2Q3Li66M2-vPJYOrx35OwIGqsKmnkXrcjlcVBFWRJ9f99Zt9bkbFjoMH8AVmEQvlTamCiX9IRBmx6nvxAbEeCMI1kkyacNDw5goHYhSNl_wy2r122VMc/s1600/loa+12+23-25b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiRNy5DaE-CXIbvrmewtTi4QIB2Q3Li66M2-vPJYOrx35OwIGqsKmnkXrcjlcVBFWRJ9f99Zt9bkbFjoMH8AVmEQvlTamCiX9IRBmx6nvxAbEeCMI1kkyacNDw5goHYhSNl_wy2r122VMc/s320/loa+12+23-25b.jpg" width="291" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/23 - 12/25/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge41gJ7R6Vp23dqYwZXTyTAe_dxT4K9BKQqRrNzE92S7tp7vr85KXFdVj0GGk7tsUOMvwKqmSxZXqN2j8-MIXjyJn2CG7if0FesCmZlSZPpF_TwFtWrotX9g-BWp6bQcktl48Iz_7n_2q9/s1600/loa+12+26-28b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge41gJ7R6Vp23dqYwZXTyTAe_dxT4K9BKQqRrNzE92S7tp7vr85KXFdVj0GGk7tsUOMvwKqmSxZXqN2j8-MIXjyJn2CG7if0FesCmZlSZPpF_TwFtWrotX9g-BWp6bQcktl48Iz_7n_2q9/s320/loa+12+26-28b.jpg" width="305" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">12/26 - 12/28/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcynEj2Y7KRagsCAUtCjy4hmAhKosWF-L5ZXzwSuIcLnu7MqiaPz3RmVKjnFurwNjeo5RkAvaxLdPB1Kmka87HTkksvulp66XBT8XaJuYzqQdOSr35JH3Rq_zGa92WCD9uhry89tu6WE1p/s1600/loa+12+29b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcynEj2Y7KRagsCAUtCjy4hmAhKosWF-L5ZXzwSuIcLnu7MqiaPz3RmVKjnFurwNjeo5RkAvaxLdPB1Kmka87HTkksvulp66XBT8XaJuYzqQdOSr35JH3Rq_zGa92WCD9uhry89tu6WE1p/s320/loa+12+29b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 12/29/1985</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSqQer9hMx8WbbAi_t7KKwUg5QOIuzwfAY5vX9nsQyAA0usA9H3J8xO_YYz-VGq9Zs4sddekwa84H5OVro1v7SjxxSZ98vLwYxq0PzUWbQ_lOnQpG8rgnnbYuUot4Qmjc2cNvfOMnKokp7/s1600/loa+12+30-1+2b.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSqQer9hMx8WbbAi_t7KKwUg5QOIuzwfAY5vX9nsQyAA0usA9H3J8xO_YYz-VGq9Zs4sddekwa84H5OVro1v7SjxxSZ98vLwYxq0PzUWbQ_lOnQpG8rgnnbYuUot4Qmjc2cNvfOMnKokp7/s320/loa+12+30-1+2b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">12/30/1985 and 1/1/1986 (12/31/1985 is missing)</span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3dqScBq5k0i2v4BNpsnEKSrsDMD1soF7_-5BU9phzguwrre9H0aeqjtPea3r2mkc3tf2zXIRKQBUJIEr3FPpcVxJ5CzhFRKUqvBgdbcAXZxk9suT_peKxD8_bHE_EEcUHkCleZH8A1UKt/s1600/loa+1+2-4b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3dqScBq5k0i2v4BNpsnEKSrsDMD1soF7_-5BU9phzguwrre9H0aeqjtPea3r2mkc3tf2zXIRKQBUJIEr3FPpcVxJ5CzhFRKUqvBgdbcAXZxk9suT_peKxD8_bHE_EEcUHkCleZH8A1UKt/s320/loa+1+2-4b.jpg" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1/2 -1/4/1986</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjla_y5TXgj757YacxTk8a45bfSK81jHe-9GIJRa3Aery8inJGUEWDPEuW0I7QuaMFdilp_9-XZbjWlaM6z7I7xeaOaiwHTZxayvTpPHeyjyUanvYHmPV2-Ev1r4O0BZsJm0FcnpPFqHXHl/s1600/loa+1+5b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjla_y5TXgj757YacxTk8a45bfSK81jHe-9GIJRa3Aery8inJGUEWDPEuW0I7QuaMFdilp_9-XZbjWlaM6z7I7xeaOaiwHTZxayvTpPHeyjyUanvYHmPV2-Ev1r4O0BZsJm0FcnpPFqHXHl/s320/loa+1+5b.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday 1/5/1986</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVbyCY2j76Oc_F8wPqq5LcxTx7KETacaZH8lB6LKPqYKu5Kqj3Syq7cHyhvIKbndM0AYNvXBZXVgF0h6wG7xPt87CmVXAP6UDV989PHr_DIkBoZbR78nkqIrQUq38oLuZqtV8ng2hRjFjQ/s1600/loa+1+6-8b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVbyCY2j76Oc_F8wPqq5LcxTx7KETacaZH8lB6LKPqYKu5Kqj3Syq7cHyhvIKbndM0AYNvXBZXVgF0h6wG7xPt87CmVXAP6UDV989PHr_DIkBoZbR78nkqIrQUq38oLuZqtV8ng2hRjFjQ/s320/loa+1+6-8b.jpg" width="294" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1/6 - 1/8/1986</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPdJ5jLy3eZ8Q-AeHqtdXpvzM1Tayb7wVlYMQHbnsbQuv9fsomwXfgLo6AaLBXqAbdDRl-5cRrE3alqn7fOFQ_0QyM8uaqiDzhNKNSeAiZfdLTq6e3JaZSvcHq7iqn1JFQ0jl0pJ-nRAej/s1600/loa+1+9-11b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPdJ5jLy3eZ8Q-AeHqtdXpvzM1Tayb7wVlYMQHbnsbQuv9fsomwXfgLo6AaLBXqAbdDRl-5cRrE3alqn7fOFQ_0QyM8uaqiDzhNKNSeAiZfdLTq6e3JaZSvcHq7iqn1JFQ0jl0pJ-nRAej/s320/loa+1+9-11b.jpg" width="304" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1/9 - 1/11/1986</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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For more <b>Little Orphan Annie</b> on this blog, see <i><a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.ca/2012/01/little-orphan-annie-merchandise.html" target="_blank">Little Orphan Annie: Merchandise</a></i>, and <i><a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.ca/2017/10/little-orphan-annie-big-little.html" target="_blank">Little Orphan Annie: Big Little Books.</a></i></div>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-39963128738448520032011-03-19T14:09:00.102-04:002022-12-26T21:34:34.366-05:00Girls Read Comics<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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In THE GREAT COMIC BOOK HEROES (1965), Jules Feiffer wrote: "Well, I can't comment on the image girls had of Wonder Woman. I never knew they read her -- or any comic book. That <i>girls</i> had a preference for my brand of literature would have been more of a frightening image to me than any number of men being beaten up by Wonder Woman."<br />
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Perhaps Feiffer, who was 15 years old in 1944, was too infatuated with the budding curves of the opposite sex to notice what they were reading; or maybe he hadn't noticed them at all, because he "stayed in the house all day and drew pictures."<br />
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A 1944 report by the Market Research Company of America showed that 95% of boys and 91% of girls aged 6-11 read comics; 87% of boys and 81% of girls aged 12-17; 41% of males and 28% of females aged 18-30; and 16% of males and 12% of females over the age of thirty. The younger girls and boys were reading a dozen comics a month on average. These statistics don't include the daily newspaper strips or Sunday funnies.<br />
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Girls might not have been as interested as the boys were in superdummies punching each other in the face, but there were alternatives available in abundance: <i>Archie</i> and other teen humour comics; funny animal comics; romance comics; and career girls, like <i>Millie the Model</i>, <i>Tessie the Typist</i> and <i>Katy Keene</i>.<br />
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Below is some photographic evidence that girls read comics. I was able to date a number of the photos by identifying some of the comics. All were taken prior to 1960.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9hUtBRraB9qwedudf_Fj87L_YW9hyAYj-QmpYzFLiONgwykwNtXz3qt4Uhf9-nUPVB-dfBLInaK_RjiTuUpLyW1YvHTKzlUDnhd6Qty33D_J-YoOo0AhPCxlI7zCdaQ4LEg4q46Wfv70b/s1600/girl+reading+comics+1903.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9hUtBRraB9qwedudf_Fj87L_YW9hyAYj-QmpYzFLiONgwykwNtXz3qt4Uhf9-nUPVB-dfBLInaK_RjiTuUpLyW1YvHTKzlUDnhd6Qty33D_J-YoOo0AhPCxlI7zCdaQ4LEg4q46Wfv70b/s400/girl+reading+comics+1903.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girl reading the comics section, 1903. No <i>Little Nemo</i>, yet, but by this time there were countless other strips available, including Rudolph Dirks' <i>Katzenjammer Kids</i>, Outcault's <i>Buster Brown</i>, Jimmy Swinnerton's <i>Little Tigers</i>, Frederick Burr Opper's <i>Happy Hooligan</i>, and Bunny Schultze's <i>Foxy Grandpa</i>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkKf5xRzgJRO8LbcSSxqGMHXTBHarY0Z2oY8ipHW4FlGiGH_XLJG2hgL55TlnpzoE0Ku5-8mAw_9r1iR3iGgctLLwhBvXc9DETiWAQJQxVKKQ7Z64Ux_KHU1Dl5bxfw0Udh9GUca6FIUFF/s1600/circa+1910.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkKf5xRzgJRO8LbcSSxqGMHXTBHarY0Z2oY8ipHW4FlGiGH_XLJG2hgL55TlnpzoE0Ku5-8mAw_9r1iR3iGgctLLwhBvXc9DETiWAQJQxVKKQ7Z64Ux_KHU1Dl5bxfw0Udh9GUca6FIUFF/s320/circa+1910.jpg" width="219" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Circa 1910.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi07rAWdHyjaOA-j6FtrXFl91M-D3KSLozYCn8FRgMzIART12SLO6uUSIHdDKc2VJBuHwEpVo7PjyaHrDHq8RuJWzDram20jyqxeTw6qcNJWVuw36U1sBaRsHqwX18ql2yNVbk-x9TQ9wvP/s1600/reading+funnies+on+porch.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi07rAWdHyjaOA-j6FtrXFl91M-D3KSLozYCn8FRgMzIART12SLO6uUSIHdDKc2VJBuHwEpVo7PjyaHrDHq8RuJWzDram20jyqxeTw6qcNJWVuw36U1sBaRsHqwX18ql2yNVbk-x9TQ9wvP/s400/reading+funnies+on+porch.jpg" width="235" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Reading the <i>Boston Sunday Post</i> funnies. The lady in the window above is either curious about this photo, or she has superhuman eyesight and is reading over the girl's shoulder.</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBu0nt1dgQgalHm0Vk8TMQYvtRW3ioQIqOPZxbmgvDUx2JYInK03R6qfXbPPUp8hub_tUdb1gUc-xxfvsfab12fagaQpBeMcsuG31M0OLoLIuQU8JU9B1fo7kCQ6NqQA5g5CsvaWx9fYes/s1600/sunday+funnies+1924.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBu0nt1dgQgalHm0Vk8TMQYvtRW3ioQIqOPZxbmgvDUx2JYInK03R6qfXbPPUp8hub_tUdb1gUc-xxfvsfab12fagaQpBeMcsuG31M0OLoLIuQU8JU9B1fo7kCQ6NqQA5g5CsvaWx9fYes/s400/sunday+funnies+1924.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Siblings reading Sunday funnies, 1924. Note the fashionable headband.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6sxyyoi9igsVWW3n4qmNXns2TxB4RqUX57Dhc7dhmWH8pJnxJnepyjIPBO2rL9Veqqr25Y0b0AJPK51nUWoJQ3vt3osmClKewzoMOBFt4Yt5v2ZTe0A5OLBFfVVatbIhaa6dtWWnvh17e/s1600/funnies+1932.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6sxyyoi9igsVWW3n4qmNXns2TxB4RqUX57Dhc7dhmWH8pJnxJnepyjIPBO2rL9Veqqr25Y0b0AJPK51nUWoJQ3vt3osmClKewzoMOBFt4Yt5v2ZTe0A5OLBFfVVatbIhaa6dtWWnvh17e/s1600/funnies+1932.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">In this 1932 photo, a little girl is reading a truly obscure comic strip, <i>The Clownies</i>, by Hal Cochran and Joe King. The strip below is almost certainly <i>Animal Cracks</i> by Joe King. <i>The Clownies</i> ran from about 1931 to 1933 in what seems to be only a handful of newspapers, mostly in the American midwest.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kids sitting on the newsstand. The girl is reading <i>Girls' Romances</i> #13 (March 1952); the boy is reading the first issue of <i>Tom Corbett, Space Cadet</i> (technically, <i>Four Color</i> #378, February 1952). Presumably, the boy with the cowboy hat is reading a western title.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEih6n3QhLUK38nuglRFmFZorTD-Srxg4jA6mU_2ejsFWES8byPTaQtB9AICmlM2-DRADsELHdaK7kp05keQiGqBBl8YiJUjKVb0PQOdl-9hyr5ns5ZYiyDo0PfYP2lNOpPgBt944b8BsIdb/s1600/girlsreadingcomics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEih6n3QhLUK38nuglRFmFZorTD-Srxg4jA6mU_2ejsFWES8byPTaQtB9AICmlM2-DRADsELHdaK7kp05keQiGqBBl8YiJUjKVb0PQOdl-9hyr5ns5ZYiyDo0PfYP2lNOpPgBt944b8BsIdb/s400/girlsreadingcomics.jpg" width="351" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girls sitting on store floor. One is reading <i>Ha Ha Comics</i> #85 (Sept. 1952); behind them can be seen <i>Tarzan's Jungle Annual</i> #1 (Aug. 1952; Dell Giant), and on the racks<i> Thrilling Romances</i> #21 (month unknown, 1952), <i>Kathy</i> #12 (month unknown, 1952; Standard), <i>Bobby Benson's B-Bar-B Riders</i> #15 (July 1952), <i>Felix the Cat</i> #32 (June 1952), and <i>Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #411, August/September 1952).</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The lady is holding a pile of comics, including Fox's <i>Western Outlaws</i> (#18, November 1948). The girl is reading some kind of "funnies".</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Comics for sale, half price. Good to have them at twice the price when you're out in the middle of nowhere. The ones I can make out are <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> #18 (Summer 1945); <i>Captain Marvel, Jr.</i> #31 (July 1945); <i>New Funnies</i> #101 (July 1945); <i>Gene Autry</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #75, month unknown, 1945); <i>Blue Bolt</i> Vol. 6 #2 (August 1945); and <i>Wilbur</i> #5 (Summer 1945). Obscured by the girl's legs is an issue of <i>A-1</i>, starring Kerry Drake (1944), which contained no number or date, but it might be #2 in the <i>A-1</i> series (numbering starts with the third issue). <i>A-1</i> featured a different title for each of its 139 issues. There are also some <b>Big Little Books</b> on top (Bugs Bunny, Donald Duck and Aircraft Carriers). The tough-looking proprietor is grimacing, as if he's about to say to the small boy "This ain't a library, kid!"</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Walt Disney's Comics and Stories</i> #27 (December 1942)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEingIYFG7omlmo6QiCwnJe9SMLGDkW7pYdPOpvzavPq-5hP1MoP9XzNuOqAToi9zNkFy5U-5PFg74tqVtCXRFocgQduo6CKNuCCShzGb8kTRtU5V_JEQUkm2Pn4ZDrdCTBjOP_ToBhoOgIR/s1600/orphan+annie+fan.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1299" data-original-width="1037" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEingIYFG7omlmo6QiCwnJe9SMLGDkW7pYdPOpvzavPq-5hP1MoP9XzNuOqAToi9zNkFy5U-5PFg74tqVtCXRFocgQduo6CKNuCCShzGb8kTRtU5V_JEQUkm2Pn4ZDrdCTBjOP_ToBhoOgIR/s400/orphan+annie+fan.jpg" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1930s. A Little Orphan Annie fan? This young lady seems to have accumulated a whole pile of Sunday comic sections.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPdwKkyo7wDuiGj0jdXM42BmumLYZqcNtDsMrgKjCdSvbCIcgfycvu5Loa66H8wqjYSBw03Mt-Oz6xGN1ZGWWHWyRqHfQRF8ulAWMJS4cTcfVEkAoLcGYyoBwlX4fW5JJF0LAU_uLI9veD/s1600/kids+at+newsstand+1952.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPdwKkyo7wDuiGj0jdXM42BmumLYZqcNtDsMrgKjCdSvbCIcgfycvu5Loa66H8wqjYSBw03Mt-Oz6xGN1ZGWWHWyRqHfQRF8ulAWMJS4cTcfVEkAoLcGYyoBwlX4fW5JJF0LAU_uLI9veD/s400/kids+at+newsstand+1952.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A bunch of brats at a newsstand, 1952. The boy on the right -- well, the less said, the better. The blonde girl beside him is reading <i>Donald Duck</i> (actually <i>Dell's Four Color</i> #408, July/August 1952); the brunette is reading something or other; the boy beside her is reading <i>Marge's Little Lulu</i> #48 (June 1952). In the lower stand behind them can be seen copies of <i>Rex Allen</i> #5 (June 1952); <i>Lassie</i> #8 (July 1952); <i>Archie</i> #57 (July 1952); <i>Popeye</i> #21 (July 1952); <i>Tom and Jerry</i> #96 (July 1952); <i>Jungle Comics</i> #150 (June 1952); <i>Woody Woodpecker</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #405, June/July 1952); <i>Mickey Mouse</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #401, June/July 1952); <i>Sparkle</i> <span style="font-size: small;">#23 (Ju<span style="font-size: small;">ly 1952); and <i>Tip Topper</i></span> (possibly #17, J<span style="font-size: small;">uly 1952)</span></span>. In the upper stand can be seen <i>Howdy Doody</i> #17 (July/August 1952); <i>Gene Autry</i> #64 (June 1952); <i>Red Ryder</i> #107 (June 1952); <i>Felix the Cat</i> #31 (May 1952); <i>Tarzan</i> #33 (June 1952); <i>Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies</i> #128 (June 1952); <i>New Funnies</i> #185 (July 1952); and <i>Tim Holt</i><span style="font-size: small;"> (possibly #29, May 1952).</span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY88aGNJK7QASUU8H1gJWlm-VrnUBqAnSqkfMnIakHrPv6OFs3X7IN6H24oXDZ2Tp-jxHaxAtAzWeRKQiI5q1K3svvSp7upd4_iWJYalxLyVijYqpm6Ud9kphAQTQ-_SPQamv11Z6QYdeD/s1600/boston+1950.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY88aGNJK7QASUU8H1gJWlm-VrnUBqAnSqkfMnIakHrPv6OFs3X7IN6H24oXDZ2Tp-jxHaxAtAzWeRKQiI5q1K3svvSp7upd4_iWJYalxLyVijYqpm6Ud9kphAQTQ-_SPQamv11Z6QYdeD/s400/boston+1950.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boston, 1950. The girl at the left is holding <i>Buster Bunny</i> #4 (1950; no month given)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggPvuiTSisA5J2kxbChsHtCSAYX4sTxiPUciW8gOO9jWQ1W-c0B6M-9KwmKqWslx1y4ncDGV2c4H8k3_QMrjHALqZhHxAzGc1bhUfvuBghzLFUNqYYDd4L4no7oZfz2SuDPP65QZdIEUNQ/s1600/london+1935.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggPvuiTSisA5J2kxbChsHtCSAYX4sTxiPUciW8gOO9jWQ1W-c0B6M-9KwmKqWslx1y4ncDGV2c4H8k3_QMrjHALqZhHxAzGc1bhUfvuBghzLFUNqYYDd4L4no7oZfz2SuDPP65QZdIEUNQ/s400/london+1935.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">At a London newsstand, 1935.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNOi4SNTbbm-3eFapmAVVlPUrdM5fJ6oPYhZU0xTPYxNLHcoq52TVIG5C4Mb3Q88rXo9sH2FcwUv6XEfbdlOkw3K-Adzi7a6carr37bNgVVCdIma2qzLbDlqbgEhJ3BMHXbTWZ-EKEOfsm/s1600/story+time+%252756b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="322" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNOi4SNTbbm-3eFapmAVVlPUrdM5fJ6oPYhZU0xTPYxNLHcoq52TVIG5C4Mb3Q88rXo9sH2FcwUv6XEfbdlOkw3K-Adzi7a6carr37bNgVVCdIma2qzLbDlqbgEhJ3BMHXbTWZ-EKEOfsm/s400/story+time+%252756b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This girl doesn't care to have storybooks read to her. Instead, she's immersed in an unknown comic book. There's a copy of Dell's <i>Tarzan</i> #83 (August 1956) beside her.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD8R72yhpTbbTNzDkXwfitBoNfu2RcIS8VjjV_kWr7Aw0c50e7wkQMrpK4elP7NusgYx9CkBfvtfshHE1eolMChSiMzqjwwPy2kCPaHicQnOmCtDO3txSsy5JSDz5lm-p7LtrdJH3YLm68/s1600/mini+comic+convention+late+1930s.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD8R72yhpTbbTNzDkXwfitBoNfu2RcIS8VjjV_kWr7Aw0c50e7wkQMrpK4elP7NusgYx9CkBfvtfshHE1eolMChSiMzqjwwPy2kCPaHicQnOmCtDO3txSsy5JSDz5lm-p7LtrdJH3YLm68/s400/mini+comic+convention+late+1930s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Newburgh, New York, late 1930s. A few piles of comics and lots
of <b>Big Little Books</b>. A mini convention. The girl at the right is
reading <i>Tip Top Comics</i> #12 (April 1937).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5gB3lNMFAvmHYssqMJt5l7tLGo9M8JdgPnj-AS9yccsH2JSZpehlqpGkO4PS0h6wZwux93Wa3U_jL6f1aYPzkUGRJoltfBCo5MHKl4YTiTJYx5Z-lufxyahvHAHas-dDzaJLZmDcFtseL/s1600/1955.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5gB3lNMFAvmHYssqMJt5l7tLGo9M8JdgPnj-AS9yccsH2JSZpehlqpGkO4PS0h6wZwux93Wa3U_jL6f1aYPzkUGRJoltfBCo5MHKl4YTiTJYx5Z-lufxyahvHAHas-dDzaJLZmDcFtseL/s400/1955.jpg" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Reading <i>Walt Disney's Comics and Stories</i> #83 (August 1947).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfRE8tk59DbiEOcWGCjBoduQqm0tTo0KQjVPWcTL_fWrj-pBkfhRAAxfYl9jyG3puUvtjm-DPt5SO1IZooZ21U9ScoSwqFCZnZ83qJodxLqyB9p1wSOSotGMGjNTB9SFkxSzJ4cH0aoPFh/s1600/comicskids9xk+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfRE8tk59DbiEOcWGCjBoduQqm0tTo0KQjVPWcTL_fWrj-pBkfhRAAxfYl9jyG3puUvtjm-DPt5SO1IZooZ21U9ScoSwqFCZnZ83qJodxLqyB9p1wSOSotGMGjNTB9SFkxSzJ4cH0aoPFh/s400/comicskids9xk+2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Not one of these fine gentlemen is giving up his seat for a lady. You can blame comic books for their bad manners. The boy directly above the girl is reading <i>Marvel Mystery Comics</i> #70 (March 1946). The boy leaning against the dresser is reading an issue of <i>Four Favorites</i>, published from 1941-1947. On the floor is <i>Science Comics</i> #1 (March 1951), a Canadian one-shot that had at least two different covers.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbti0tRjmPCpfXIA0OVPmN-V4Og6S3t0oqpIpe9ulJ4U1Lp7a1z6VmLGTtHuQS1D4RaODbMzslGHXKJXNYIYFHxAsc5ClXo8KGpeVhIJAtYIP8D-kXs8tq0tqns36BDnaBSyvvAUczmX0k/s1600/1955b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbti0tRjmPCpfXIA0OVPmN-V4Og6S3t0oqpIpe9ulJ4U1Lp7a1z6VmLGTtHuQS1D4RaODbMzslGHXKJXNYIYFHxAsc5ClXo8KGpeVhIJAtYIP8D-kXs8tq0tqns36BDnaBSyvvAUczmX0k/s400/1955b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1955</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYKCUBRVAqJu-aYcUKfsreQlW9Ub8dDLV68phtqH65GoDV7b1LJWh8clOyfG1rCzLj-KKLPvAE_7NEKH2gPxIaJ_PYz8Ns-19g40onujo2_U2AEcgdWDPfZW-JUAFEqaDipcd3qMQuR7LY/s1600/mickey+mouse+weekly+london+april+5%252C+1941.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="766" data-original-width="1024" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYKCUBRVAqJu-aYcUKfsreQlW9Ub8dDLV68phtqH65GoDV7b1LJWh8clOyfG1rCzLj-KKLPvAE_7NEKH2gPxIaJ_PYz8Ns-19g40onujo2_U2AEcgdWDPfZW-JUAFEqaDipcd3qMQuR7LY/s400/mickey+mouse+weekly+london+april+5%252C+1941.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">These kids at a London train station are heading for safer climes. This photo was taken April 5, 1941, the same day this <i>Mickey Mouse Weekly</i> (Vol. 6, #270) comic hit the stands.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLq8Dse1MX1aQCSRRB-OIGOagcQ4lPvDFJAd4GdJZDxje6r0vS3MUjYLIJ_Y2p_s0D6ufdIR7itYUJxfVQcw75-R7rlsllhg-tOltPKGoDmk8gkp8k5PHy7HmsAkLB728PJsJsHxwBsnJL/s1600/mary+worth+1955.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLq8Dse1MX1aQCSRRB-OIGOagcQ4lPvDFJAd4GdJZDxje6r0vS3MUjYLIJ_Y2p_s0D6ufdIR7itYUJxfVQcw75-R7rlsllhg-tOltPKGoDmk8gkp8k5PHy7HmsAkLB728PJsJsHxwBsnJL/s1600/mary+worth+1955.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1955. It's impossible to say which comic strip has this young lady's attention, but she's probably not too keen on <i>Mary Worth</i> and <i>Judge Parker</i>, soap operas both, and still running. The lesser-known <i>Judge</i> <i>Parker</i> debuted November 24, 1952.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs-3Ww3tRvlHPAM4NbOZFT4lQpEfBg5lLioyiD2uCTOeJ2gMGea6fLmsw1AbfF9DykSdzdS_zsflPCfH32KNgSNjutCC5GpfGJzf7yrV165IWrcxDAzaWMSeuzBg67ivKaxxaKyDXGpJob/s1600/perusing+at+newsstand.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs-3Ww3tRvlHPAM4NbOZFT4lQpEfBg5lLioyiD2uCTOeJ2gMGea6fLmsw1AbfF9DykSdzdS_zsflPCfH32KNgSNjutCC5GpfGJzf7yrV165IWrcxDAzaWMSeuzBg67ivKaxxaKyDXGpJob/s1600/perusing+at+newsstand.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This store can't seem to afford lights. Visible are <i>Giggle Comics</i> #72 (July/August 1950); <i>The Texan</i> #9 (August 1950); <i>Roy Rogers</i> #31 (July 1950); <i>Western Comics</i> #16 (August/September 1950); and <i>New Funnies, </i>probably #161 (July 1950)<i>.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg4SawiwxyUOMZv1YEe7EH3M3fo2j7-Fr67k9N2JnZJKq2KqvwyNNaln_JICv3QXJfKSNzyaNrOPzVdHBHOf9xI8TFOWfkzR4fS-xoIGQubIfMmAgJaQOvVekexNu8YmP-T9AOU7QSpkcw/s1600/minnesota+1946.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg4SawiwxyUOMZv1YEe7EH3M3fo2j7-Fr67k9N2JnZJKq2KqvwyNNaln_JICv3QXJfKSNzyaNrOPzVdHBHOf9xI8TFOWfkzR4fS-xoIGQubIfMmAgJaQOvVekexNu8YmP-T9AOU7QSpkcw/s400/minnesota+1946.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Waiting for the parade to start, Minnesota, 1946. These young ladies have decidedly diverse tastes. The girl at right is reading the very violent <i>Crime Does Not Pay</i> #44 (March 1946); her friend is reading <i>Walt Disney's Comics and Stories</i> #70 (though the cover says Vol.6 No.10; July 1946); the next one is reading <i>Future World</i> #1 (Summer 1946), a comic destined to last only two issues; the rest are reading celebrity gossip rags.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBT0ZgockoFjk7-k-V5qzoRcPESiInKTMu-elh-_iwklzrKQoO09xNa4sfCdhRPXu_U6tlzMlcHvTjbTVhX4ml5sLc0Bi9wgWJqIMfMXKW_EZzSzFHcZMg_rX948wtNItDiv-6EZ6RlPTT/s1600/tintin+1959.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBT0ZgockoFjk7-k-V5qzoRcPESiInKTMu-elh-_iwklzrKQoO09xNa4sfCdhRPXu_U6tlzMlcHvTjbTVhX4ml5sLc0Bi9wgWJqIMfMXKW_EZzSzFHcZMg_rX948wtNItDiv-6EZ6RlPTT/s400/tintin+1959.jpg" width="273" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Who needs the tintinnabulation of rock and roll when you can read <i>Tintin</i> instead? (1959)</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT_xRta2l5WALLA-7yNuO1JGou-OIvjkN1R1E_SNWrAyKiWX9GIzqf_0itgkHMmoJ3W-2mar31Ild3GvxaIZUHsuYDFoE0-joqTdneoBSGL8uW7q18zhbN8aTQKTz7fAjQPyU3DBVlhFb6/s1600/tom+and+jerry.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT_xRta2l5WALLA-7yNuO1JGou-OIvjkN1R1E_SNWrAyKiWX9GIzqf_0itgkHMmoJ3W-2mar31Ild3GvxaIZUHsuYDFoE0-joqTdneoBSGL8uW7q18zhbN8aTQKTz7fAjQPyU3DBVlhFb6/s400/tom+and+jerry.jpg" width="316" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Dell Giant Comics</i> had a convoluted numbering system, so let's just say this bright-eyed cutie is reading <i>Tom and Jerry Summer Fun</i> #1 (July 1954), and leave it at that. In any case, a comic is an oasis in this dull office. The lost little girl, waiting in a <span style="font-size: small;">police station, seems unfazed by her predicament.</span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTSaNUFwfMIucNcaCmxxg__m1QWcSMT-9A7Z9PtI5X6GN2EY4TYUgyx2r2TtASggS7rw14jNCyvS8PSJ9E244E8VhjIe4u0ZUhzcMy5fuxu-uOmNpleSVojEvgRlnYdgOC_D4V1hPS7XzU/s1600/rocking+horse+1958.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTSaNUFwfMIucNcaCmxxg__m1QWcSMT-9A7Z9PtI5X6GN2EY4TYUgyx2r2TtASggS7rw14jNCyvS8PSJ9E244E8VhjIe4u0ZUhzcMy5fuxu-uOmNpleSVojEvgRlnYdgOC_D4V1hPS7XzU/s400/rocking+horse+1958.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1958</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4bssJ7vcJlT2Vp2Egy9Xe6Tmxbn9K9BYYIQU4MwTlZhlPMhaD4Em0VWNaQkBNHPH8IsQs046UEdppBC0vSQb0-bXZ-dwUGGTq-ok8uPkz9_DDUctGpkKVxnirgJBKj0Umw22wSzZKkEJ6/s1600/kids+posing+with+comics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4bssJ7vcJlT2Vp2Egy9Xe6Tmxbn9K9BYYIQU4MwTlZhlPMhaD4Em0VWNaQkBNHPH8IsQs046UEdppBC0vSQb0-bXZ-dwUGGTq-ok8uPkz9_DDUctGpkKVxnirgJBKj0Umw22wSzZKkEJ6/s400/kids+posing+with+comics.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Haves and the Have Nots. The girl grinning at left is holding <i>Walt Disney's Comics and Stories</i> #11 (August 1941); the boy has <i>Batman</i> #6 (August/September 1941); the girl beside him has <i>Famous Funnies</i> #63 (October 1939). It's hard to say what comic the girl at right is holding: the top half of the cover is torn off, so the newsdealer probably got five cents for it and the comic company got zero. The title page seems to say "Samson". Fox published <i>Samson</i> during 1940 and 1941, but he also appeared in <i>Big-3</i> at the same time; then again, it could be a Biblical comic.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUDtt9fWi3E8Fz8F6OqiwFnhTZYxY2vSd5Wo_5JunOfWciKnkOdL1rJuDKFVK0jKlWetKnDzrHeeDVklvCGRgXGUClF_aqE90oQGcuWcjbp2Vay8HK42lB0Z_FNOzy1ICuzLqGhqvwD4m7/s1600/three+girls+reading.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUDtt9fWi3E8Fz8F6OqiwFnhTZYxY2vSd5Wo_5JunOfWciKnkOdL1rJuDKFVK0jKlWetKnDzrHeeDVklvCGRgXGUClF_aqE90oQGcuWcjbp2Vay8HK42lB0Z_FNOzy1ICuzLqGhqvwD4m7/s1600/three+girls+reading.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Three enthusiastic comic book readers, 1950s.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUCfuAXCm7FDoBWQ4foEwFknOvii3HV8_DTQU12x1hv5mdkKMJrsusx25ryE7cl8R5o5KGHtWRh1Em-nzDVJj0k26MB32PZjROIskWsL4DdygbyHOervta2NG3dAzzzf68CZlvy0Qh7HZy/s1600/spitfire+comics+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUCfuAXCm7FDoBWQ4foEwFknOvii3HV8_DTQU12x1hv5mdkKMJrsusx25ryE7cl8R5o5KGHtWRh1Em-nzDVJj0k26MB32PZjROIskWsL4DdygbyHOervta2NG3dAzzzf68CZlvy0Qh7HZy/s400/spitfire+comics+b.jpg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This little gal looks happy, possibly because she's got a copy of <i>Spitfire Comics</i>, either #1 (August 1941) or #2 (October 1941). Harvey published only two issues of this 100-page digest-sized comic, featuring superhero and adventure stories.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiROHQeIpNAcPcvZCs0258qS6O18HBnq9wuy1QF9DfvayEDM0xZZ1eG7YlMwSPNZIbszgdG4PHL-rn1NnHwznX3sJ2Y9vUJUZ5fJU0xp-anwM4GLhrTd6DrkMbR4hc5AcLf-61l1t0MAYwv/s1600/claire+voyant+grand+central+station.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1008" data-original-width="1024" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiROHQeIpNAcPcvZCs0258qS6O18HBnq9wuy1QF9DfvayEDM0xZZ1eG7YlMwSPNZIbszgdG4PHL-rn1NnHwznX3sJ2Y9vUJUZ5fJU0xp-anwM4GLhrTd6DrkMbR4hc5AcLf-61l1t0MAYwv/s400/claire+voyant+grand+central+station.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Grand Central Station, New York. One comic book alone proves insufficient to spare this gal the tedium of travelling. <i>Claire Voyant</i>, an undated series reprinting the newspaper strip, lasted only four issues, from 1946 to 1947.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHYUT0HoSRQOlMjhswnxqPec0AzQj5NNtMJulQ4aGPGJMiYbnczaksSJuCHj8CwkBeieNC_sBjuaTjqyO47z32coGCqRQgqlPFJgULlffqvsnjnSxfaG5QqFffncgoBHIcjLE2OFLcGnd7/s1600/two+girls+outside.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1088" data-original-width="1079" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHYUT0HoSRQOlMjhswnxqPec0AzQj5NNtMJulQ4aGPGJMiYbnczaksSJuCHj8CwkBeieNC_sBjuaTjqyO47z32coGCqRQgqlPFJgULlffqvsnjnSxfaG5QqFffncgoBHIcjLE2OFLcGnd7/s400/two+girls+outside.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gee whiz -- watch out for that nail!</span></td></tr>
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</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqUVHoaTDSgtGQeGNNpNchSogCcyDRgAUTGt3PPWBTZvhnDURCgikUmrxEGOGIFrdn4P1LibvN995TrgwhZlwQXlxuyZzYdLHSCXqWAfl3nbmhxZq53XS6T6fmBMM9HIlER03bL4GpSoA6VhkZ7NcZZidL77g6jMD1NnCXtFIX3sk3Y1ybi1ctEbYOmg/s800/MNY287618.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="550" data-original-width="800" height="275" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqUVHoaTDSgtGQeGNNpNchSogCcyDRgAUTGt3PPWBTZvhnDURCgikUmrxEGOGIFrdn4P1LibvN995TrgwhZlwQXlxuyZzYdLHSCXqWAfl3nbmhxZq53XS6T6fmBMM9HIlER03bL4GpSoA6VhkZ7NcZZidL77g6jMD1NnCXtFIX3sk3Y1ybi1ctEbYOmg/w400-h275/MNY287618.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stanley Kubrick took a slew of photos </span><span style="font-size: small;">of this little girl</span><span style="font-size: small;"> in rapid succession for <i>Look</i> magazine. It seems Woolworth's had a limited selection. Row closest to her: <i>Albert the Alligator and Pogo Possum, Four Color</i> #148 (May 1947); <i>More Fun Comics</i> #123 (June 1947); <i>Smilin' Jack, Four Color</i> #149 (May 1947). Next row: <i>Hoppy the Marvel Bunny</i> #12 (May 1947); <i>Captain Marvel</i> #74 (July 1947); <i>Tillie the Toiler, Four Color</i> #150 (June 1947); (and another pile of Smilin' Jack).</span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixclav_DrAUxk9E2H3QFAWN9qlqU7lsCnU5duVh-YNrpFMKDMPEHq-L3F01Fx_RxQZMe1Un8a2L03VryDjWENF0eiFmj1GCViU-STKmYsbCplwAcWy55KfsuM2OGLDpW1QvetArSXC8Kbr/s1600/comicsinbed.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixclav_DrAUxk9E2H3QFAWN9qlqU7lsCnU5duVh-YNrpFMKDMPEHq-L3F01Fx_RxQZMe1Un8a2L03VryDjWENF0eiFmj1GCViU-STKmYsbCplwAcWy55KfsuM2OGLDpW1QvetArSXC8Kbr/s400/comicsinbed.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Comics in bed. The boy is reading <i>Felix the Cat</i> #4 (August/September 1948); no old comics for her: Thoroughly Modern Millie is reading <i>Leading Comics</i> #41 (February/March 1950), originally a superhero title, but with #15 (Summer 1945) the contents changed to "funny animals".</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">By the expression on her face you'd think she was reading a horror comic -- or, at least, a horrible comic. 1950s.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1956 comics galore for these two young ladies, identified as Lee and Jane, thrown onto the "parent-teacher approved" rack. Visible are <i>Popeye</i> #37 (July-September); <i>Lassie</i> #30 (September/October); <i>Mickey Mouse</i> #49 (August); <i>Blondie</i> #93 (August); <i>Nancy and Sluggo</i> #134 (July); <i>Real Screen Comics</i> #101 (August), featuring the Fox and the Hound, present since the first issue; <i>Bugs Bunny</i> #50 (August/September); <i>Dick Tracy</i> #102 (August); <i>Walt Disney's Comics</i> <i>and Stories</i> #191 (August); and <i>Jughead Annual</i> #4. The rack farther back has another pile of <i>Bugs Bunny</i> #50, with <i>Detective Comics</i> #234 (August) below it, and a <i>Sad Sack</i> comic, amongst others.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiAkKsqlavlW8ob9aAyWOMZ0nEzQC-DiWIM0ktBUmGr-bGzRzsWQRUrUCBXbRc6QrH1t4CMRFi2HOxMYMD_zJt3bbUaajLx-AQ-PR_mKWTYJ1gCovfCSYwHF12saJGxqwHPxQiPrnx-Wx6/s1600/floating+with+comic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiAkKsqlavlW8ob9aAyWOMZ0nEzQC-DiWIM0ktBUmGr-bGzRzsWQRUrUCBXbRc6QrH1t4CMRFi2HOxMYMD_zJt3bbUaajLx-AQ-PR_mKWTYJ1gCovfCSYwHF12saJGxqwHPxQiPrnx-Wx6/s1600/floating+with+comic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1950s. A few hours earlier this soggy, mangled comic was in mint condition.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjyI-zZgyrNUTFouiwUXkf70yPuU4Lr4dUh6sfEGIET9YvOv6nK_wU-9YMArJJL9D0X6hnDYkbNdayt2YTbII4Y8ckcOUdk6BWqrnefZ_c4u2QLZXROfGJn_h8Vn8wxlzs8x7_6OTTzuKX/s1600/corpus+christi+newsstand+1949.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjyI-zZgyrNUTFouiwUXkf70yPuU4Lr4dUh6sfEGIET9YvOv6nK_wU-9YMArJJL9D0X6hnDYkbNdayt2YTbII4Y8ckcOUdk6BWqrnefZ_c4u2QLZXROfGJn_h8Vn8wxlzs8x7_6OTTzuKX/s400/corpus+christi+newsstand+1949.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Newsstand in Corpus Christi, Texas, 1949. The boy is reading <i>Fawcett's Funny Animals</i> #62 (Spring 1949). The gleeful-looking girl hasn't decided yet what she's going to read for free in the store, but there's a lot to choose from: <i>Smash Comics</i> #83 (June 1949); <i>Modern Comics</i> #86 (June 1949); <i>Police Comics</i> #91 (June 1949); <i>Wanted Comics</i> #20 (May 1949); <i>Babe Ruth Sports Comics</i> #2 (June 1949); <i>Superboy</i> #2 (May/June 1949); <i>Amazing Mysteries</i> #33 (July 1949); <i>Boy Comics</i> #46 (June 1949); <i>Black Cat Western</i> #17 (May 1949); <i>Georgie Comics</i> #23 (July 1949); and an unidentified <i>Whiz</i> comic.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDLAk0mbQ80UTv-fhjxhaG-bjw4owzZjMUENNicEHFt3YB_Z3_piMDSv5ns1nhlFnOMu5rcmFFiHykivCx8P5ipgMD1fhAS235kqqgC1gta9xBBaWhR1lanOb5YE5ss6qtL9KsEaquND5j/s1600/girl+at+desk+1951.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDLAk0mbQ80UTv-fhjxhaG-bjw4owzZjMUENNicEHFt3YB_Z3_piMDSv5ns1nhlFnOMu5rcmFFiHykivCx8P5ipgMD1fhAS235kqqgC1gta9xBBaWhR1lanOb5YE5ss6qtL9KsEaquND5j/s400/girl+at+desk+1951.jpeg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girl reading a western comic, 1951</span></td></tr>
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<br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpVD_Jb99sob_s00oI_P_ygK65oHMzz2lDs7dM9K--cvPFBylfQQP_FNwkbkx5u2oX7ab-V8UbiQ5k5IRxSv6mA9EK7IzNSssNLalzwrDvoobrGO7qWGRbDG-1XdoNSkWt40Q18TeLBZ2fsuoSzRa09OWPtFlTek6uve5L6Uu6mDx67gFA92dJObkNQg/s2280/ann%20at%20home%20with%20soldiers,%201941.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1740" data-original-width="2280" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpVD_Jb99sob_s00oI_P_ygK65oHMzz2lDs7dM9K--cvPFBylfQQP_FNwkbkx5u2oX7ab-V8UbiQ5k5IRxSv6mA9EK7IzNSssNLalzwrDvoobrGO7qWGRbDG-1XdoNSkWt40Q18TeLBZ2fsuoSzRa09OWPtFlTek6uve5L6Uu6mDx67gFA92dJObkNQg/w400-h305/ann%20at%20home%20with%20soldiers,%201941.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">At home with some soldiers, 1941. Ann is reading the funny pages; Thimble Theatre, featuring Popeye, is visible. (from the University of Texas Arlington Library)</span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMd9ZRR-eBSVSCI4YNstQAmvMlDQcBwY_sykBrrHy_kJjhAGuuT8jNT8_mgtRvL4AC23_RToJO29a_Vy3DVKPMDZTtJscjp3xgo0yzWfmq5V1UFxxyQI3AlCRf54fBjzc9M3Lr2YAPIXT-/s1600/picnic+1942.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMd9ZRR-eBSVSCI4YNstQAmvMlDQcBwY_sykBrrHy_kJjhAGuuT8jNT8_mgtRvL4AC23_RToJO29a_Vy3DVKPMDZTtJscjp3xgo0yzWfmq5V1UFxxyQI3AlCRf54fBjzc9M3Lr2YAPIXT-/s1600/picnic+1942.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Picnic with a comic book, Oregon, 1941.</span></td></tr>
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</div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2I9EDMWCTRj1JiZAJ91ivAV5X4Nre-xzJFZMOY6SBdwkIAFwv_O6x4MY0EAxQKq5u96fH1fG03dum4GhmFA2JTiEIhJVdLGPtccZ26ajei1sp9nQ6z6eMMhlJqp0ZwRe0T184ENJNPfjH/s1600/reading+comics+la+crosse+train+station+wisconsin+1948.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1077" data-original-width="1600" height="269" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2I9EDMWCTRj1JiZAJ91ivAV5X4Nre-xzJFZMOY6SBdwkIAFwv_O6x4MY0EAxQKq5u96fH1fG03dum4GhmFA2JTiEIhJVdLGPtccZ26ajei1sp9nQ6z6eMMhlJqp0ZwRe0T184ENJNPfjH/w400-h269/reading+comics+la+crosse+train+station+wisconsin+1948.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A pile of well read comics, including <i>Justice Comics</i> #9 (June 1948). These girls are waiting for the train at the La Crosse, Wisconsin station.</span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0CL9SCCcj1Ww63Tu0C6HpXClTkiIMaSQAhT256GO_bFSMZlpVCH9aJN5p-UJ7u1qrZjbQX0oQi7lt9KD88FdcvM6nwR3mb-xEgWrHIPNoAzsXwPGasF6m_btIQAvAyXVJRH0fGF5NEki0/s1600/milk+and+comics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="834" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0CL9SCCcj1Ww63Tu0C6HpXClTkiIMaSQAhT256GO_bFSMZlpVCH9aJN5p-UJ7u1qrZjbQX0oQi7lt9KD88FdcvM6nwR3mb-xEgWrHIPNoAzsXwPGasF6m_btIQAvAyXVJRH0fGF5NEki0/s400/milk+and+comics.jpg" width="325" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Reading the Sunday Funnies. The <i>Dickie Dare</i>
strip is signed "Odin", who was actually a woman, Mabel Burwick. Mabel
drew the strip from late May of 1944 to early March of 1948. She was
the assistant of Coulton Waugh, from whom she took over the strip; they
married January of 1945.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1952 classroom. A civil defense comic ain't as exciting as a <i>Mary Marvel</i> comic, but any port in the storm will do.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGapAWxnBcZM5hYkVUkWiDq3i9FR62BSkwG2-pjfc3m3yOmKcwhfUYtF3tBk17847YEIUxSokDvQnsy9WQ1w99HGUxobUN4bDR71k0VGttjTILL0kekcrlf66wkHXVJSdzx-m5Lc8G7nb8/s1600/girl+and+dog+newsstand.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGapAWxnBcZM5hYkVUkWiDq3i9FR62BSkwG2-pjfc3m3yOmKcwhfUYtF3tBk17847YEIUxSokDvQnsy9WQ1w99HGUxobUN4bDR71k0VGttjTILL0kekcrlf66wkHXVJSdzx-m5Lc8G7nb8/s400/girl+and+dog+newsstand.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A girl and her dog making themselves at home at a well-managed newsstand with lots of titles, arranged in alphabetical order</span><span style="font-size: small;">. On the stand can be seen copies of (in alphabetical order) <i>Patches </i>#7<i> </i>(April 1947); <i>Patsy Walker</i> #10 (April 1947); <i>Picture Stories From American History</i> #3 (Spring 1947); <i>Police</i> <i>Comics</i> #65 (April 1947); <i>Raggedy Ann and Andy</i> #10 (March 1947), <i>Real Life Comics</i> #38 (date unknown); <i>Rusty</i> #12 (April 1947); <i>Sensation </i>#64 (April 1947); <i>The Shadow</i> #12 (March 1947); <i>Smitty </i>#138 (actually <i>Four Color</i>; 1947; no month given); <i>Sparky Watts</i> #5 (1947; this title didn't give dates); <i>Star-Spangled Comics</i> #67 (April 1947); <i>Super Magician</i> Vol. 5, #8 (February/March 1947); <i>Superman</i> #45 (March/April 1947); <i>Terry and the</i> <i>Pirates</i> #3 (April 1947); <i>Terry Toons</i>, almost certainly #54 (March 1947); <i>Thrilling Comics</i> #59 (April 1947); <i>True Comics</i> #58 (March 1947); <i>True</i> <i>Sport Picture Stories</i> Vol. 3, #12 (March/April 1947); <i>Whiz </i>#84 (April 1947); <i>Wonder Comics</i> #11 (April 1947); <i>Wonder Woman</i> #22 (March/April 1947); and <i>Zoot</i> #6 (March/April 1947). </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5cNA9vkUvdmL3rN29eUwOGvdVPeLzwWnW25Z4UJVciiCmVi7_pjEq7XVSCDsa0nMkjy6lVcUjwigD4M1a3XpHw1fGSOzrhODT4CXbBVAmvRt3mU9Kf7czSuvQTQxYCLeFte_wq4yZBc9Q/s1600/comfy+with+comic+1950.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5cNA9vkUvdmL3rN29eUwOGvdVPeLzwWnW25Z4UJVciiCmVi7_pjEq7XVSCDsa0nMkjy6lVcUjwigD4M1a3XpHw1fGSOzrhODT4CXbBVAmvRt3mU9Kf7czSuvQTQxYCLeFte_wq4yZBc9Q/s400/comfy+with+comic+1950.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Curled up on the couch, 1950</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWLb6yy82hsVA8FycieI1LKdq7UpyM2_L-r9Gx5ngslPB1oylvLdu2XSN290RFRs4aNG1BGPQU1XFFPHlZ2tzUKM_uqpRWSbkpbT3eVOf4T1qRljdX6LLRUB_iVGDKOLG8ZpyKa-0An1jV/s1600/200911101129.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWLb6yy82hsVA8FycieI1LKdq7UpyM2_L-r9Gx5ngslPB1oylvLdu2XSN290RFRs4aNG1BGPQU1XFFPHlZ2tzUKM_uqpRWSbkpbT3eVOf4T1qRljdX6LLRUB_iVGDKOLG8ZpyKa-0An1jV/s400/200911101129.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kids reading the Sunday funnies: front and back, <i>Joe Palooka</i> and <i>Nancy</i>.</span></td></tr>
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</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIfQOYS71iiLGddQzOUgfxTvnK8_b7jAqYUh4HqeSBMQOJg-Wo2YlN1npjJ2KMQ5IcjKNzuhUntwkDu0uGapxuOrQ5vq5DmJs2eZDykpowK7mYuMgy6My-_RRX23Xc-M0tLmxNum99kkyK/s1094/maclean%2527s+1948.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="709" data-original-width="1094" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIfQOYS71iiLGddQzOUgfxTvnK8_b7jAqYUh4HqeSBMQOJg-Wo2YlN1npjJ2KMQ5IcjKNzuhUntwkDu0uGapxuOrQ5vq5DmJs2eZDykpowK7mYuMgy6My-_RRX23Xc-M0tLmxNum99kkyK/w400-h259/maclean%2527s+1948.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Maclean's logo identifies this as a Canadian newsstand. Unwilling to part with their dimes, the girl is gasping at <i>Exciting Comics</i> #64 (November 1948), starring Judy of the Jungle, and the boy is marvelling at <i>Captain Marvel Adventures</i> #89 (October 1948). Behind them on the top shelf: <i>Dotty</i> #36 (August 1948); <i>Ozark Ike</i> #11 (February 1948); <i>Don Winslow of the Navy</i> #59 (July 1948); <i>Crime</i> <i>Smasher</i> #1 (June 1948), a Fawcett one-shot, not to be confused with <i>Crime Smashers</i>, which debuted a couple of years later; <i>Captain Midnight</i> #65 (July 1948); <i>Black Cat</i> #11 (May 1948). Middle shelf: <i>Brick Bradford</i> #11 (May 1948); Miss America Vol. 7, #10 (May 1948). Bottom shelf: <i>Coo Coo Comics</i> #42 (November 1948); <i>Blaze Carson</i> #1 (September 1948); <i>Tex Morgan</i>, probably #3 (December 1948); <i>Super-Mystery Comics</i> Volume 8, #1 (September 1948; the actual first issue had a cover date of July 1940). The sign at the top of the stand was no accident: the December 1, 1948 issue of Maclean's featured an article titled "What About The Comics?"<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPcKuFvcXw3oGaqSR4Y8YmJbYopznzbsD1V7busMzZ1DfQcFbvAHqu9fRvJzdA7786RJc1JuHLZpR_LDZJ-Fwp2vL-QbnE8OoR-AtaC-v-duex7kfkTSJZDYfXPKqAknq9F9EDSSYCaDi_/s1600/paris+market+1949.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPcKuFvcXw3oGaqSR4Y8YmJbYopznzbsD1V7busMzZ1DfQcFbvAHqu9fRvJzdA7786RJc1JuHLZpR_LDZJ-Fwp2vL-QbnE8OoR-AtaC-v-duex7kfkTSJZDYfXPKqAknq9F9EDSSYCaDi_/s400/paris+market+1949.jpg" width="385" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Parisian comic book market, 1949. This girl is obviously a comic book junkie. (Photo by Walt Girdner)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEYW3stnZNOtlsozbEe9Dh65pmWVwDwGal-ZCsfFoECN0xv1oZJolxBRAdzIg_B0jIIQeDvGljjLjM-zsmFxaW0B8gFm2gt9_tNOXadPBjXfOjrt-f8GhF62IlukLdci6J_fMIRw-PFtbH/s1600/florida+1958.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEYW3stnZNOtlsozbEe9Dh65pmWVwDwGal-ZCsfFoECN0xv1oZJolxBRAdzIg_B0jIIQeDvGljjLjM-zsmFxaW0B8gFm2gt9_tNOXadPBjXfOjrt-f8GhF62IlukLdci6J_fMIRw-PFtbH/s1600/florida+1958.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Even ghost girls from Florida read comics -- but only<i> Dell</i> approved comics. Visible are Dell's <i>Comic Album</i> #3 (September<span style="font-size: small;">/</span>November 1958), featuring Donald Duck; <i>Porky Pig</i> #60 (September 1958); <i>Tarzan</i> #108 (October 1958); and <i>Tweety and Sylvester</i> #22 (September 1958).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwKembilr0Ja92UBo1JwOAQy8xViqkrPCTE0Xf2WzITK2wr07YGSxzQPfpL0shWm2-DYiXZBuorn8ZNA0Ba-oTpYmkxGVUmA_AgTXCKQ38rPH6VPfgpfiw5pOfb0taFsF_z8ChCvilWYZ/s1600/melbourne+1950s.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwKembilr0Ja92UBo1JwOAQy8xViqkrPCTE0Xf2WzITK2wr07YGSxzQPfpL0shWm2-DYiXZBuorn8ZNA0Ba-oTpYmkxGVUmA_AgTXCKQ38rPH6VPfgpfiw5pOfb0taFsF_z8ChCvilWYZ/s1600/melbourne+1950s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Melbourne, Australia 1950s. The boy in the middle is reading <i>Sergeant Pat of the Radio-Patrol</i>, a long-running black and white title from Atlas Publications. The comic collected adventures from the American strip, <i>Radio Patrol</i> (1933-1950). Judging by the verbiage above the title and the <i>World</i> <i>Famous Comic Annual</i> #4 (possibly November 1952) ad on the back cover, the comic he's holding probably dates to 1952 or 1953.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp6JhmuSb7NFwpt8K-Efuq4qHeMxmAHB0faw0SvZn7CfyCk2LjsSZY2vdDUqX4tR0zZoDrq8ucOxzOKN1T0rTiqqcOu4HEgKKvAFZSeCPF7g54kJ_sn7LJdfVsFXbhzFflG-fV8KLyAYZR/s1600/nyc+kids.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp6JhmuSb7NFwpt8K-Efuq4qHeMxmAHB0faw0SvZn7CfyCk2LjsSZY2vdDUqX4tR0zZoDrq8ucOxzOKN1T0rTiqqcOu4HEgKKvAFZSeCPF7g54kJ_sn7LJdfVsFXbhzFflG-fV8KLyAYZR/s400/nyc+kids.jpg" width="285" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">New York City tenement, 1943. The boy 3rd from left is reading an oldie goldie, <i>Zip Comics</i>, probably #7 (August 1940), with cover damage along spine and under the "Z". The boy next to him is reading <i>Action Comics</i> #62 (July 1943).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHhr4fD2P8vZxorJWRqF5ACBs_clmU3JqFjhzv1AZ8u3eIz3S__UkvYW4RRSY9qunSxXhuYkeCFEm6ehpV9Y32qTTD9rdGo3yBDWesjA7OERemGfrbfXFdgEnj0ixi8P2gZMnK1mrYqjst/s1600/comics+1938.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHhr4fD2P8vZxorJWRqF5ACBs_clmU3JqFjhzv1AZ8u3eIz3S__UkvYW4RRSY9qunSxXhuYkeCFEm6ehpV9Y32qTTD9rdGo3yBDWesjA7OERemGfrbfXFdgEnj0ixi8P2gZMnK1mrYqjst/s400/comics+1938.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1938. The girl on the left is reading <i>Detective Comics</i> #18 (August 1938); the girl on the right is reading <i>The Cocomalt Big Book of Comics</i> (1938; a one-shot premium).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrikT1dVFQaAGLmZ-HlxQ7fMiowm9SCBEbRKBSvQ27jD9VreAch7tCXkuI_7e0n1vaFJZkut3TsY2BhoGeeenqRJNjwN6jorKltzaODrqB40IbPLdto3bknhvd3YIiKZrty7vPjr2ctABJ/s1600/clean+comics+1957.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrikT1dVFQaAGLmZ-HlxQ7fMiowm9SCBEbRKBSvQ27jD9VreAch7tCXkuI_7e0n1vaFJZkut3TsY2BhoGeeenqRJNjwN6jorKltzaODrqB40IbPLdto3bknhvd3YIiKZrty7vPjr2ctABJ/s1600/clean+comics+1957.jpg" width="372" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1957. The Coral Gables Woman's Club organised a group
called the Decent Literature Council, which kept horror comics off the
newsstands. These siblings, Maureen and Lorraine, could only glom onto
"decent" comics, like <i>Turok, Son of Stone</i> #5 (September 1956), <i>Dennis the Menace</i> #18 (September 1956), <i>Casper, the Friendly Ghost</i> #49 (October 1956), <i>Rin Tin Tin</i> #12 (March/April 1956), <i>Bugs</i> <i>Bunny</i>
#45 (October/November 1955) and #50 (August/September 1956), <i>The Little People</i> (actually <i>Four</i> <i>Color</i> #692, March 1956), and an
unidentified title, for their dubious entertainment. Why do grown ups
always have to spoil a kid's fun?</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-U8gfxpZBDa-H-1EvpIYN0lJpZyVPAte6qw7pcaKG48SfVDiGmnqZ7OlJy4xe4W51oqPlCkIkFu71LE83ZieLSvNopWHN6S9qzl7Ae_4u7WKHXoHk0KxjTgg468RHafplPpYYAtwGf3aJ/s1600/e6951a4d6735c3c6_large.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="325" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-U8gfxpZBDa-H-1EvpIYN0lJpZyVPAte6qw7pcaKG48SfVDiGmnqZ7OlJy4xe4W51oqPlCkIkFu71LE83ZieLSvNopWHN6S9qzl7Ae_4u7WKHXoHk0KxjTgg468RHafplPpYYAtwGf3aJ/s400/e6951a4d6735c3c6_large.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">1946. I have it on good authority that 10-year-old Suzy especially enjoyed following the adventures and antics found in the strips <i>Little Orphan Annie</i>, <i>Blondie</i>, <i>Tarzan</i>, <i>Mandrake the Magician</i>, and <i>Bringing Up Father</i>. In fact, here she is rereading the funny pages in the evening, even though she gets up bright and early every morning to beat her brother to the paper.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLeFUrZh3aePO4QuLpmcEeo-ayCWzyjH8cP_SwmSIvjX_nJszlvUnEhR342BjCMv_mhPTxdlYVPnN9gK99GH2bNIhQ5o4izoPQPmBHFcra6WV7IG3bMi4ihIq3tGLQo_alh4tJua5x3dTy/s1600/kids+on+couch+1950s.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLeFUrZh3aePO4QuLpmcEeo-ayCWzyjH8cP_SwmSIvjX_nJszlvUnEhR342BjCMv_mhPTxdlYVPnN9gK99GH2bNIhQ5o4izoPQPmBHFcra6WV7IG3bMi4ihIq3tGLQo_alh4tJua5x3dTy/s400/kids+on+couch+1950s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">What ever they're reading must be pretty drab</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvLZZy_RzZiAKIvGh78nTVLn2okOtZ5QUvOti-SQ2PJ_iIZNfg0NlYYOxr0H6UF6amxtRuF_yWPF9-XgAN2njTR4mmpquLO0k2mQZfYg5qHvLQa2K4vaI8eQsOoMSDWJOCPxtDwLF9nY_W/s1600/3d+comics+1953.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvLZZy_RzZiAKIvGh78nTVLn2okOtZ5QUvOti-SQ2PJ_iIZNfg0NlYYOxr0H6UF6amxtRuF_yWPF9-XgAN2njTR4mmpquLO0k2mQZfYg5qHvLQa2K4vaI8eQsOoMSDWJOCPxtDwLF9nY_W/s400/3d+comics+1953.jpg" width="302" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The latest craze -- 3D comics! <i>Three Dimension Comics</i> (September 1953), starring Mighty Mouse, was the first of its kind. </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFDP1Wtk9mDjijVpMHj0skOh_7pudxyGgZwH85nYPEM0w_p7GnWiafqnNdGHQKDld8Bh0P5jiuchZWqQWRO22h-YszK7oOEwYrQQeMrcqqYzfPXJ5A-Y8LkJY5ZrFY4yLT-SfMbMtHN9I_/s1600/reading+bugs+bunny.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="812" data-original-width="823" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFDP1Wtk9mDjijVpMHj0skOh_7pudxyGgZwH85nYPEM0w_p7GnWiafqnNdGHQKDld8Bh0P5jiuchZWqQWRO22h-YszK7oOEwYrQQeMrcqqYzfPXJ5A-Y8LkJY5ZrFY4yLT-SfMbMtHN9I_/s400/reading+bugs+bunny.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girl in a gingham dress, happy as a clam and clutching a crumpled copy of a comic book. Dell's <i>Bugs Bunny</i> #29 (March 1953).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW5jWRxNH-J_DG0dms6Spu1R7lqLeh20VknNYa_pAbyWvmaOy19dkUkTLrj5PvAatPN1lOrLUHujJqw6CQ0eommEZ7pC5a8kZH6bF0C8eGfbDnqQfxncVGk3BBNkZFr4FkmLLQIgHhnaMA/s1600/funnies+1945.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW5jWRxNH-J_DG0dms6Spu1R7lqLeh20VknNYa_pAbyWvmaOy19dkUkTLrj5PvAatPN1lOrLUHujJqw6CQ0eommEZ7pC5a8kZH6bF0C8eGfbDnqQfxncVGk3BBNkZFr4FkmLLQIgHhnaMA/s1600/funnies+1945.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Don't know what the girl is reading, but you can see by
the tear at the bottom corner the boy lost the battle for this
particular page -- and the little #@$%@&* still won't leave her
alone!</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb-Hs0zwGHzDqkn5llLx13wzwilG4ZSj3zR0HdgD9VIbTwBeMx9u9pe4I_d2mfpJLhjkilrk82_yUcsDl9_Vw4Qb5ThrZGkCzqeqKMA2Rgjlp2KPOr-QluOYWyGyIDrJFtDRT1C8zUVv7D/s1600/children+reading+comics+july+1946.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="325" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb-Hs0zwGHzDqkn5llLx13wzwilG4ZSj3zR0HdgD9VIbTwBeMx9u9pe4I_d2mfpJLhjkilrk82_yUcsDl9_Vw4Qb5ThrZGkCzqeqKMA2Rgjlp2KPOr-QluOYWyGyIDrJFtDRT1C8zUVv7D/s400/children+reading+comics+july+1946.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">That one kid is reading <i>Ace Comics</i> #90 (September, 1944) in this July 1946 photo by John DeBiase.</span></td></tr>
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</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsZQI79HNh_P2etzThVGwB_kl9wnTYKkZchsf8kpEm5X2XXwN1zMHhiNk_NGchnjVRpBJ7_cSits6KgCjHEU2s216bAK2fsScNVmSJdUUfnNpXSz1wzYLsb0co9b0d35AxdOcbmD3gJ4AgyFNUfUYR32vukA_J89y0WTdWvw9jkqw8Uu9PvWBaqPqi2A/s2048/new%20york%201948%20leaving%20for%20camp%20malabar.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2017" data-original-width="2048" height="394" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsZQI79HNh_P2etzThVGwB_kl9wnTYKkZchsf8kpEm5X2XXwN1zMHhiNk_NGchnjVRpBJ7_cSits6KgCjHEU2s216bAK2fsScNVmSJdUUfnNpXSz1wzYLsb0co9b0d35AxdOcbmD3gJ4AgyFNUfUYR32vukA_J89y0WTdWvw9jkqw8Uu9PvWBaqPqi2A/w400-h394/new%20york%201948%20leaving%20for%20camp%20malabar.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A busload of kids leaving for Camp Malabar in 1948. The girl is reading <i>Porky Pig, Four Color</i> #191 (June 1948) -- at least, until it blows out of her hands.</span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsfPvIindygFfbe7vEQAQHbAw4yYiNtQTq25WXPZ04c6F9GmnXV-50Vi2SLY3kXwh-DYA4AmJNUp2bj-rZxTkMgt9H5IPkDv1CABpdY6-vbLfqp4nTYMy-mZ7OBp64VtKvtg2tJus7MzAg/s1600/reading+nancy+and+sluggo.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsfPvIindygFfbe7vEQAQHbAw4yYiNtQTq25WXPZ04c6F9GmnXV-50Vi2SLY3kXwh-DYA4AmJNUp2bj-rZxTkMgt9H5IPkDv1CABpdY6-vbLfqp4nTYMy-mZ7OBp64VtKvtg2tJus7MzAg/s400/reading+nancy+and+sluggo.JPG" width="392" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The girl on the left is reading <i>Comics on Parade</i> #87 (January 1953), featuring Nancy and Sluggo. The girl on the right is immersed in some newspaper funnies.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPnuuuU5cYhGNH4PxNJPMiAQWNOTD41mXNfxjztn0k0YWrRUjpr8FbMWpTRemjtTmhtrhgsk6Z0ZSeCZ7DSt3KPtEv2dGiUBgh9_ijZjDQfBb6h-ksxJ3Wek1omaBk6V9oHGzejwQypLDb/s1600/reading+the+funnies%252C+mississippi+1920s.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPnuuuU5cYhGNH4PxNJPMiAQWNOTD41mXNfxjztn0k0YWrRUjpr8FbMWpTRemjtTmhtrhgsk6Z0ZSeCZ7DSt3KPtEv2dGiUBgh9_ijZjDQfBb6h-ksxJ3Wek1omaBk6V9oHGzejwQypLDb/s400/reading+the+funnies%252C+mississippi+1920s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Mississippi, 1920s. I have it on good authority they used to fight over the comics section.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUf7XJmmGnOoRnmlsP3tyUA6mM7dWrKqHhqmmwxhTrYk0IAHn3G6L03wsoZEnRxiDKVD4a2GoSZIP6YZ7siX6IunPCahZ5o5MmjZLSSDuTovZnWXvP-4bIgPlYEi-6VjWaUlXu15HwBYyN/s1600/donna+and+judy+pennsylvania+drug+store.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUf7XJmmGnOoRnmlsP3tyUA6mM7dWrKqHhqmmwxhTrYk0IAHn3G6L03wsoZEnRxiDKVD4a2GoSZIP6YZ7siX6IunPCahZ5o5MmjZLSSDuTovZnWXvP-4bIgPlYEi-6VjWaUlXu15HwBYyN/s400/donna+and+judy+pennsylvania+drug+store.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This Pennsylvania drugstore seems to carry only the Dell line of comics, but these two girls are spellbound just the same. On the rack can be seen <i>Tarzan</i> #105 (June 1958); <i>Chip 'N' Dale</i> #14 (June 1958); <i>Donald Duck</i> #60 (July 1958); <i>Uncle Scrooge</i> #22 (June 1958); <i>Will-Yum!</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #902, month unknown, 1958); and <i>Beetle Bailey</i> #15 (June/July 1958). There's something on the rack called <i>Billy and his Steam Roller</i>, but it's actually a Wonder book, not a comic.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxCqQNOvZDz3Y6_BuaQrW3nG3elzE8tSXaivFDH_2fJ_-niN1ivJGTh2KKbxikTHd5qE5oha9bM4eMGrcoouwfjyEvltbXlXQkzSuvHjr2YKs1W6kl4QCITvhHfVmauaLqAhtR4S3b2fh4/s1600/waiting+to+go.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxCqQNOvZDz3Y6_BuaQrW3nG3elzE8tSXaivFDH_2fJ_-niN1ivJGTh2KKbxikTHd5qE5oha9bM4eMGrcoouwfjyEvltbXlXQkzSuvHjr2YKs1W6kl4QCITvhHfVmauaLqAhtR4S3b2fh4/s400/waiting+to+go.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girls reading the funnies while waiting for a train in Scotland. (1935)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiG9AiLEXJs-_vi1OhyphenhyphenWaTtrfc75jbZZj_g3iLI8uV3_gLTg8Ax5k0_actyZofrpIhS6JZJ6D8nNn5jRTeFjrMsGYtvH9I_Ura5kKbvGW9scRXSxl-adBO0eZVEf8zFPiWKjsssz5YTt3v6/s1600/Bias+1954+waiting+for+polio+vaccine.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="322" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiG9AiLEXJs-_vi1OhyphenhyphenWaTtrfc75jbZZj_g3iLI8uV3_gLTg8Ax5k0_actyZofrpIhS6JZJ6D8nNn5jRTeFjrMsGYtvH9I_Ura5kKbvGW9scRXSxl-adBO0eZVEf8zFPiWKjsssz5YTt3v6/s400/Bias+1954+waiting+for+polio+vaccine.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">School children waiting for polio shots, 1954. Hopefully, none of them are reading Jack Cole's infamous "Murder, Morphine and Me" from <i>True Crime Comics</i> #2 (May 1947), in which a woman is about to be stabbed in the eye with a hypodermic needle.</span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjat0oa2dMxhY28iQm0b6_4D7LefLk0eVfRixrqzsc1KIVIZ0vWb0YDze81F55vV7xZqK5bBeO4H3TzBmkLkosGhzM4L0SOeqKToP8OHudkbBkwirlKLCD-A591pFYcbXzhP6ocbmj_yMHX/s1600/reading+sundays.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjat0oa2dMxhY28iQm0b6_4D7LefLk0eVfRixrqzsc1KIVIZ0vWb0YDze81F55vV7xZqK5bBeO4H3TzBmkLkosGhzM4L0SOeqKToP8OHudkbBkwirlKLCD-A591pFYcbXzhP6ocbmj_yMHX/s400/reading+sundays.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
</div><div style="text-align: center;"></div><p></p><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8cgqLawUD6SUd6RnUaTwfWsbKAd0oKa9kFQQlCDn691Ujl86qjrGqGgDwbzyvEAvWpatpsFKMgV97_I6RM1uQ0-klv7M4DVUm6TersCLMYUtGbb56P0NFgFVUh8t50of9ogSq9TkiuZVi/s1095/walking+funnies+1940.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="932" data-original-width="1095" height="340" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8cgqLawUD6SUd6RnUaTwfWsbKAd0oKa9kFQQlCDn691Ujl86qjrGqGgDwbzyvEAvWpatpsFKMgV97_I6RM1uQ0-klv7M4DVUm6TersCLMYUtGbb56P0NFgFVUh8t50of9ogSq9TkiuZVi/w400-h340/walking+funnies+1940.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Probably a Sunday stroll, but one thing is certain: the girl is reading the Sunday funnies for August 11, 1940; <i>Terry and the Pirates</i> on the back, and below it a Post Toasties (corn flakes) cereal ad, "Roger Jones Puts Over a Hot Idea!"<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2TjasSVH2kbNy512tgfhTXD8SVNiDYAlPxZkyp7ujlTabZG0I_8PDNOHn8IAWPhOQa3ag67Kd0LnRGTDuBE0QSk4Kml3c14OGsRXrNxtRyF7KFJ4LMpkbriaRCoF-S3OfFcYTKHMNCfJE/s1600/pigtails+girl+reading+funnies+1950s.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2TjasSVH2kbNy512tgfhTXD8SVNiDYAlPxZkyp7ujlTabZG0I_8PDNOHn8IAWPhOQa3ag67Kd0LnRGTDuBE0QSk4Kml3c14OGsRXrNxtRyF7KFJ4LMpkbriaRCoF-S3OfFcYTKHMNCfJE/s320/pigtails+girl+reading+funnies+1950s.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This darling little girl can't read quite yet, but she enjoys looking at all the colourful drawings.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1g2UkjHWz96rpQwsSXQQN3c3Xxn__bcW4SZZUkhNCtSQSE7OiL3iyeGaHxtU4yWfhCpWZGcYSDH1_hJs6Fgmt0KET76Eeeb5GzYYm8pAgXG_7MUEQf6bPoNBf-_SNH7ZT1mRFGLSmV_VH/s1600/daredevil+girl.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1g2UkjHWz96rpQwsSXQQN3c3Xxn__bcW4SZZUkhNCtSQSE7OiL3iyeGaHxtU4yWfhCpWZGcYSDH1_hJs6Fgmt0KET76Eeeb5GzYYm8pAgXG_7MUEQf6bPoNBf-_SNH7ZT1mRFGLSmV_VH/s400/daredevil+girl.JPG" width="253" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sunshine and fresh morning air. Who cares about lettermen and malt shops? This teenage girl is engrossed in <i>Daredevil</i> #44 (September 1947).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnBaAT3ZgJRlngCw8B4RVT5BqEF4WcaPGX5tLN5jzGlp_k5UEKuVcrhxB8Mdylqzllq9Vla0X-LAR_aecCeiIjKz9_Y7hVgLfPVBcBUpwlHJhFC46vC0kUyWyCJPftfM5Z5FU-AAU3mzAQ/s1600/zane+grey+comic.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnBaAT3ZgJRlngCw8B4RVT5BqEF4WcaPGX5tLN5jzGlp_k5UEKuVcrhxB8Mdylqzllq9Vla0X-LAR_aecCeiIjKz9_Y7hVgLfPVBcBUpwlHJhFC46vC0kUyWyCJPftfM5Z5FU-AAU3mzAQ/s1600/zane+grey+comic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A dog, a doll, and a comic book -- this gal has it all! She's reading <i>Zane Grey's New Riders of the Purple Sage</i> (actually, <i>Dell Four Color</i> #372, February 1952).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfeZF4NU5yOktQWyb2wkGP_BFwKVNyOoylp2hkwP8xYuepOARWQWOm1kH9KYW6thUJkJ0Z_8st8Gtg6gncW3V5WMbaeUtxgRfWOYTP-J7T-F32i1JWzLaNcDz-sQOBHj1xu0YoNkAkuNw5/s1600/reading+on+steps+1955.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfeZF4NU5yOktQWyb2wkGP_BFwKVNyOoylp2hkwP8xYuepOARWQWOm1kH9KYW6thUJkJ0Z_8st8Gtg6gncW3V5WMbaeUtxgRfWOYTP-J7T-F32i1JWzLaNcDz-sQOBHj1xu0YoNkAkuNw5/s1600/reading+on+steps+1955.JPG" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Life is good for this toddler, reading comic books outside on a sunny day in August 1955. On the step beside her is <i>Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #427, October/November 1952).</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghjJhuucFWwbBkwEfLUlVhg3z22vPioyYa_GfjixriX5BZSJokH4Y28PNRePz_7gwX9XiTUBJl1siCkPQOPuSS80fN1_YfhyphenhyphenkPQUKKdtykvAIVd5nIGq2c9L5KsGqpFzVZvb_etTWzcxx7/s1600/classics+illustrated.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghjJhuucFWwbBkwEfLUlVhg3z22vPioyYa_GfjixriX5BZSJokH4Y28PNRePz_7gwX9XiTUBJl1siCkPQOPuSS80fN1_YfhyphenhyphenkPQUKKdtykvAIVd5nIGq2c9L5KsGqpFzVZvb_etTWzcxx7/s1600/classics+illustrated.JPG" width="315" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Is that pretty smile for this Robinson Crusoe adaptation? Originally released as <i>Classic Comics</i> #10 (April 1943), with a 10-cent cover price, this edition of <i>Classics Illustrated</i> #10, one of many reprints, dates to July 1952 (HRN 97), if the ad on the back is any indication. The price went up to 15 cents.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEispjDqQNoG5sFg5X43Jpcobdl78G6iIC37f0SVRfV-SakcYdYvHQd5Ie7TroWGi9odFkZrTmLIqTfxPHFCFNFMdcE6CE8f8rNQDY8O9NLMTNyKn2cK5koIoD7uqEzqvrGdrkc8aoEBTOJm/s1012/school+dressing+room.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="327" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEispjDqQNoG5sFg5X43Jpcobdl78G6iIC37f0SVRfV-SakcYdYvHQd5Ie7TroWGi9odFkZrTmLIqTfxPHFCFNFMdcE6CE8f8rNQDY8O9NLMTNyKn2cK5koIoD7uqEzqvrGdrkc8aoEBTOJm/s400/school+dressing+room.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Actresses in a school play waiting for their cue -- or maybe even <i>ignoring</i> their cue! One is reading <i>Felix the Cat</i> #41 (May 1953), another is reading <i>Little Eva</i> #9 (no month, 1953).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDY9nGTiZJovluvFXgwg4s7UjsN9jTxIWec6IyIlTmHU07vfggdD_GAwHEuYeEjavEaGRTGZDO7tfUJE8V4Efrlu6r13eV_h07cwOKA7g9H1atnK84PEEG7ZV65Y1_aNFo6DVSgPERKt2m/s1600/holly+sunday+funnies+1942.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDY9nGTiZJovluvFXgwg4s7UjsN9jTxIWec6IyIlTmHU07vfggdD_GAwHEuYeEjavEaGRTGZDO7tfUJE8V4Efrlu6r13eV_h07cwOKA7g9H1atnK84PEEG7ZV65Y1_aNFo6DVSgPERKt2m/s400/holly+sunday+funnies+1942.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A girl named Holly reading the Sunday funnies, 1942.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmFeHDvN1T5gyOEKOFMEZvxuN6eZprKVChIhTWuN5VfZKsuSnbFFZ0CFScxyynCaLOvfPYx8jkLuxt9SMjOfCzjrqqI98p-HsqDmtoAZuiMikSHWduslzrvT966LHblwSh1GlzZKJtSYaK/s1600/enjoying+the+sunday+funnies.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmFeHDvN1T5gyOEKOFMEZvxuN6eZprKVChIhTWuN5VfZKsuSnbFFZ0CFScxyynCaLOvfPYx8jkLuxt9SMjOfCzjrqqI98p-HsqDmtoAZuiMikSHWduslzrvT966LHblwSh1GlzZKJtSYaK/s400/enjoying+the+sunday+funnies.jpg" width="335" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Getting loads of enjoyment from the Sunday funnies, with the brutally violent <i>Dick Tracy</i> on the first page, and the increasingly far-fetched adventures of <i>Little Orphan Annie</i> at the back. These comics were published November 22, 1942.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF1GJ0u53Vaz0SGJEJLuq5BGGZZOwWgsKBkek-Q8MJq9uCjcxUOs9yWSrk23Q-VQGh935Enoi1wrP9BbkCywUH56enZyBo2AFD3UJBBoGX5h3EbIka2_kiKdTtEXRuJqGa7idjHISCTy9y/s1600/school+1951.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="352" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF1GJ0u53Vaz0SGJEJLuq5BGGZZOwWgsKBkek-Q8MJq9uCjcxUOs9yWSrk23Q-VQGh935Enoi1wrP9BbkCywUH56enZyBo2AFD3UJBBoGX5h3EbIka2_kiKdTtEXRuJqGa7idjHISCTy9y/s400/school+1951.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Comics is good learnin'," insists this progressive school teacher. Window row: girl reading <i>Funny Films</i> #12 (August 1951), boy reading <i>New Funnies</i> #170 (April 1951), girl reading <i>New Funnies</i> #168 (February 1951). Next row: the boy's comic is obscured, the girl is reading <i>Walt Disney's Donald Duck</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #300, November 1950), the boys are reading <i>New Funnies</i> #169 (March 1951) and, in his first comic book appearance, <i>Francis the Talking Mule</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #335, June 1951), and the girl is reading <i>Marge's Little Lulu</i> #32 (February 1951).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd45m5fWhCejDa2Bh5sLfrbk9u-yQqitCzrqzpfboX9hItQgOJ-iZzteUGd4elL9HOqdiQVt6E75XIrWrTUXLU5ezwZy5JW-ZXQimzZo6uO-SJ8dZuES2VeBMD2dv5gMrKjl17Svj3BgJE/s1600/Kathy+reading+Superman+comic+-+50pc.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd45m5fWhCejDa2Bh5sLfrbk9u-yQqitCzrqzpfboX9hItQgOJ-iZzteUGd4elL9HOqdiQVt6E75XIrWrTUXLU5ezwZy5JW-ZXQimzZo6uO-SJ8dZuES2VeBMD2dv5gMrKjl17Svj3BgJE/s400/Kathy+reading+Superman+comic+-+50pc.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Kathy", with a leg-brace, reading <i>Superman</i> #72 (September/October 1951), from "The Birthday Letter", a 1952 episode of the <i>Superman</i> TV show.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWzEvIe8cQjZisfslRaxzfi3ensVBob6P-aNUp7ihQEEoFT4mjk5T9UrhEfTgw40XUasicQQ8XQ_koQQNwjIo3FMZ-1colxBraRVoDMwfkDcFCzs8fDTO_4efH3iFxy0MlZ8EFThh-1kyx/s1600/la+comics+1950s.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWzEvIe8cQjZisfslRaxzfi3ensVBob6P-aNUp7ihQEEoFT4mjk5T9UrhEfTgw40XUasicQQ8XQ_koQQNwjIo3FMZ-1colxBraRVoDMwfkDcFCzs8fDTO_4efH3iFxy0MlZ8EFThh-1kyx/s400/la+comics+1950s.JPG" width="398" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Reading <i>Bringing Up Father</i>, early 1950s</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD0nNow7HK4zmm_e8j2bBqHcqgVE-gIqpqAhOj-fqA8CMmJeKD7ATYkUcL7lpEfuJHtaJ1OEGvwEPMzkSjbSowhYGx4TaHqtu6iBTUffjadsqYm85tKYadOkrYIggji2VagdxaNm2JTUEW/s1600/kids+reading+funnies+1954.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD0nNow7HK4zmm_e8j2bBqHcqgVE-gIqpqAhOj-fqA8CMmJeKD7ATYkUcL7lpEfuJHtaJ1OEGvwEPMzkSjbSowhYGx4TaHqtu6iBTUffjadsqYm85tKYadOkrYIggji2VagdxaNm2JTUEW/s1600/kids+reading+funnies+1954.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sharing the <i>Comics</i> section, 1954.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYHZ61cBputdkdGRU_cnH7jvS86zvAHIyKA55bFU6ZIxb0HtqSYjs_DlayfQy_IU24MDOxNJyO3vq4Fr9NeuSPHXxpoKVA9pH0SpJeih0cVRlTVeuymLoBXdKPu-kpUz3WF1l4Mj7CVfKt/s1600/reading+on+floor+b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYHZ61cBputdkdGRU_cnH7jvS86zvAHIyKA55bFU6ZIxb0HtqSYjs_DlayfQy_IU24MDOxNJyO3vq4Fr9NeuSPHXxpoKVA9pH0SpJeih0cVRlTVeuymLoBXdKPu-kpUz3WF1l4Mj7CVfKt/s400/reading+on+floor+b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">If you can buy these girls three identical dresses, why not three copies of the same comic? 1950s.</span></td></tr>
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</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy11zkLSpqpWbOPArE7CvvcKionCYnbApVx62COn6imwEpA9cVsl0Qw0aRLSIEhqLLLxD3kTldkXmrONGz1SDmlp6RKbpvCQg8F4fu-FkTj-PJZjP9rOY_hQozR1GZ_WVJ_7lVA8gUZyNe-CuTxYanWeqybZ1fMVIMwztixRtFJwxHNNnVwidOpo-9w/s2360/girl%20reading%20comic,%20with%20soldier%201943.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1718" data-original-width="2360" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy11zkLSpqpWbOPArE7CvvcKionCYnbApVx62COn6imwEpA9cVsl0Qw0aRLSIEhqLLLxD3kTldkXmrONGz1SDmlp6RKbpvCQg8F4fu-FkTj-PJZjP9rOY_hQozR1GZ_WVJ_7lVA8gUZyNe-CuTxYanWeqybZ1fMVIMwztixRtFJwxHNNnVwidOpo-9w/w400-h291/girl%20reading%20comic,%20with%20soldier%201943.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This little girl is a refugee from England, enjoying an American comic book. Don't let the ad for <i>Prize Comics</i> #30 (April 1943) and<i> Headline Comics</i> #3 (April 1943) fool you: it's a DC comic book. In the 1940s DC wasn't above publishing ads for rival companies. This photo first appeared in the Fort Worth Star/Telegram, September 12, 1943. (from the University of Texas Arlington Library)</span><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijwFNqEgDPj4XTpV2EGljQjWmUqR-C3CVzrX2HadqJsxVF9nkcC1hJE0AcVbCjBjENHTLPm9Sa9JFRPSiH_OZsdGfAGGuFYsZ7la0tnH8z2xKBTI2UWTY7Z9hqo-ANlX7yhs4Kb8sY9YFC/s1600/Ladies'+Home+Journal+1953.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijwFNqEgDPj4XTpV2EGljQjWmUqR-C3CVzrX2HadqJsxVF9nkcC1hJE0AcVbCjBjENHTLPm9Sa9JFRPSiH_OZsdGfAGGuFYsZ7la0tnH8z2xKBTI2UWTY7Z9hqo-ANlX7yhs4Kb8sY9YFC/s400/Ladies'+Home+Journal+1953.jpg" width="356" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girl reading an issue of <i>Crime and Justice</i> -- and
looking quite thrilled, I must say -- one of many "how to" manuals,
according to Dr. Frederick Wertham in his article, "What Parents Don't
Know About Comic Books", published in the November 1953 issue of <i>The Ladies Home</i> <i>Journal</i>. That brand-new copy of <i>The Haunt of Fear</i> (#19, November 1953) contains the notorious story, "Foul Play", in which a baseball game is played using body parts.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikZy1LXcc7N_1DC3ffxW_Q7c1gBpfuP9rgbYLq4PzPinBm2IxG4KAP_GpzJT30GPiUXsqBbuVH2Qd2ZjjLe-CyiT4zlXaLv-lJRnJhij60mU4DG7nUgeI4TjKNcLAMak4bn7OpVMN8TTmb/s1600/little+lulu.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikZy1LXcc7N_1DC3ffxW_Q7c1gBpfuP9rgbYLq4PzPinBm2IxG4KAP_GpzJT30GPiUXsqBbuVH2Qd2ZjjLe-CyiT4zlXaLv-lJRnJhij60mU4DG7nUgeI4TjKNcLAMak4bn7OpVMN8TTmb/s400/little+lulu.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Girl reading what might be <i>Marge's Little Lulu</i>.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLZufk19jlCzadnWr-Re7BSORIUEAjuzCOATj9LzZ_4RgYlTSUtjK084bPXUaq1-ROz_lnvtKXRmTUkZqg5ixHw706Vk0HJBZUc3ua6t6xfySf8XxligRcXqQtBbvEyCR94PmiMewvH8Cg/s1600/salon+comics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLZufk19jlCzadnWr-Re7BSORIUEAjuzCOATj9LzZ_4RgYlTSUtjK084bPXUaq1-ROz_lnvtKXRmTUkZqg5ixHw706Vk0HJBZUc3ua6t6xfySf8XxligRcXqQtBbvEyCR94PmiMewvH8Cg/s1600/salon+comics.jpg" width="325" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Reading comics at the salon must have been some crazy fad!</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-XtpWBhr3ISTvyrmEMczQblk-kST3Xjzt1M-LnZfM9StppJe2azZTjrQnR5W2Q2FxywQHffLaf2wFgOGBC1H65cKFYX_LxnwzA5Fmw0gFiXJrYkOmaGYf5kXSCUECDuX-cP6ZHtph5KX-/s1600/supergirls.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-XtpWBhr3ISTvyrmEMczQblk-kST3Xjzt1M-LnZfM9StppJe2azZTjrQnR5W2Q2FxywQHffLaf2wFgOGBC1H65cKFYX_LxnwzA5Fmw0gFiXJrYkOmaGYf5kXSCUECDuX-cP6ZHtph5KX-/s400/supergirls.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">"This is <i>way</i> better than Twitter," opine these three gorgeous supergirls. And they'd be right. The lass at left is reading <i>Wonder Woman</i> #98 (May 1958), and the maiden in the middle is reading <i>Superboy</i> #66 (July 1958). There's a comic in less-than-mint condition in front of them.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZClKVguyyY7aEDEW8UQTrpu6l6-fb6drNqxWsYom0-ebPT3Z4K-2CQlq6L97_MVQszJ4gNI4AzTwx8tLR7RTCAFHLvfkW1sydHhyrxJ07o-8FZXem2OGHpEDCilyeGhGWpMC0LhP1-tXL/s1600/zae981.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZClKVguyyY7aEDEW8UQTrpu6l6-fb6drNqxWsYom0-ebPT3Z4K-2CQlq6L97_MVQszJ4gNI4AzTwx8tLR7RTCAFHLvfkW1sydHhyrxJ07o-8FZXem2OGHpEDCilyeGhGWpMC0LhP1-tXL/s400/zae981.jpg" width="317" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Business is booming. The girl on the left is reading <i>Rusty Riley</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #418, August 1952), and leaning on her feet is <i>Goofy</i> #46 (month unknown, 1951); the girl on the right is reading <i>Tip Topper</i> #16 (May 1952); leaning against the wonderfully-painted stand is the back cover of a comic advertising <i>Suzie</i> (an Archie publication), and <i>Little Beaver</i> #3 (October-December 1951; technically it's an issue of <i>Four Color</i>, but I don't know which number); the girl at the top left is holding <i>Krazy Kat</i> #3 (November 1952).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsPZ-LeWhwZvPYj4aBkZf1VQ3HFhqsfKdgpwk8OeWMdwl28oMCoY6ww4oQQnloZlleaDL5r87r8WENqUWVTCdj_wcg0OdwMjUZp_7vpAaBDjsDk0-awvyp5BiIZoJNtEdG7P4TuAWy3-av/s1600/reading+on+the+couch.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsPZ-LeWhwZvPYj4aBkZf1VQ3HFhqsfKdgpwk8OeWMdwl28oMCoY6ww4oQQnloZlleaDL5r87r8WENqUWVTCdj_wcg0OdwMjUZp_7vpAaBDjsDk0-awvyp5BiIZoJNtEdG7P4TuAWy3-av/s400/reading+on+the+couch.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The girl at left is reading <i>Peanuts</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #1015, August-October 1959)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR87HQONeGhtyz5zEFzfT0fxWkKw_sL6A-8jBRQK4ph77mweLZjWvh629z76kYT4HQ0s_c-B57d8ygOjj5bOLyu_HR8FGscM7K3SrJJfNUj4eQH4W41baV3vadtmNQ30lSzLVZ9OdukDEq/s1600/contest+winner.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR87HQONeGhtyz5zEFzfT0fxWkKw_sL6A-8jBRQK4ph77mweLZjWvh629z76kYT4HQ0s_c-B57d8ygOjj5bOLyu_HR8FGscM7K3SrJJfNUj4eQH4W41baV3vadtmNQ30lSzLVZ9OdukDEq/s400/contest+winner.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">9-year-old <i>Bugs Bunny</i> fan, Karen, is the winner of the preteen division of the National Newspaper Comics Contest, winter 1959. Contestants had to submit an 8" x 10" drawing of their favourite cartoon character, along with a short essay (100 words or less) on <i>"Why I Like Newspaper Comics"</i>. Regionally, her prize was $25; as national champ, she won a "wrist watch, twin speaker portable transistor radio, electric game, chromatic xylophone and an original drawing by her favorite cartoonist." Not a bad take.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-FOXk-OvqH5brKgRcxnumzx91jawHVMYwLH1IoE1qy4nV0et7I4QOeF_4PZ-_baPmGW4cl3vLGVyBvAGca1GfWVyRh3xJ4akaUAq1HtxmxuNfT8JlUUCieiGqtK8Qb0qIdY2hebfOGo4I/s1600/mickey+mouse+weekly+1939.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="680" data-original-width="1024" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-FOXk-OvqH5brKgRcxnumzx91jawHVMYwLH1IoE1qy4nV0et7I4QOeF_4PZ-_baPmGW4cl3vLGVyBvAGca1GfWVyRh3xJ4akaUAq1HtxmxuNfT8JlUUCieiGqtK8Qb0qIdY2hebfOGo4I/s400/mickey+mouse+weekly+1939.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Leaving on a London train, February 11, 1939. The girl on the left is reading <i>Mickey Mouse</i> <i>Weekly</i> (Vol. 4, #153, January 7, 1939).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWnURfc0CbwZOY5fjbT7E_93iUZleStUCZxHNGGVwHgQcIom8dgJlYJGxJFR45aJ80a75y1vSHzu0CFu-c7JcqS17K_3Q6XflLUZ-46_eMOzeQLfyqKqb3ubCb2uqdMULJ0YjOHA0i8w66/s1600/dell+comics+1950s.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWnURfc0CbwZOY5fjbT7E_93iUZleStUCZxHNGGVwHgQcIom8dgJlYJGxJFR45aJ80a75y1vSHzu0CFu-c7JcqS17K_3Q6XflLUZ-46_eMOzeQLfyqKqb3ubCb2uqdMULJ0YjOHA0i8w66/s400/dell+comics+1950s.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Judging by the dates, this little Dell-inquent posed for this picture late in 1957. Amongst this mess of Dell comics are <i>Smokey Stover</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #827, August 1957); <i>Henry</i> #53 (January-March 1958); <i>The Lone Ranger</i> #115 (January 1958), <i>Jungle Jim</i> #15 (January-March 1958); <i>Mars and Beyond</i> (<i>Four Color</i> #866, December 1957); <i>Lassie</i> #38 (January 1958); <i>Tarzan</i> #100 (January 1958); <i>Little Iodine</i> #39 (January-March 1958); <i>Christmas in Disneyland</i> #1 (<i>Dell Giant</i>, December 1957); <i>Curly Kayoe Comics</i> (<i>Four Color</i> #871, January 1958); <i>The Story of Mankind</i> (<i>Four Color</i> #851, January 1958); <i>Bugs Bunny's Christmas Funnies</i> #8 (<i>Dell Giant</i>, December 1957); <i>Porky Pig</i> #56 (January 1958); <i>Marge's Tubby</i> #26 (January 1958); <i>Tom and Jerry</i> #162 (January 1958); <i>Walt Disney's Comics and Stories</i> #208 (January 1958); <i>I Love Lucy</i> #18 (January 1958). (Whew!)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiez9xJChK0HvB7I9-bl39lYdk9Q9IpopYj0OOrw-QqlTQv47hHFHeVVrqQqHSFahDZiK1I9KfASZrJyjhEb0mu_QVeXw9Y_3YwxewoNJN4uE_xOdL4eZFEnzJydaggab1gJXMGmEEIpC5w/s1600/armchair+whiz.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="325" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiez9xJChK0HvB7I9-bl39lYdk9Q9IpopYj0OOrw-QqlTQv47hHFHeVVrqQqHSFahDZiK1I9KfASZrJyjhEb0mu_QVeXw9Y_3YwxewoNJN4uE_xOdL4eZFEnzJydaggab1gJXMGmEEIpC5w/s400/armchair+whiz.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Curled up in a chair and reading <i>Whiz Comics</i> #92 (December 1947).</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzzkkNujwBVM1RJCQ9jqp4dWlxNJTG4am_69l5s4CuTNkkJVPLJK-gQ0DQPynzb5D-PbGfyRmdRrmP0WfxEkDDpN4rsW_sdlG-pP409eiFvhrS1BIuyXBsAt9gIwhvU5CWiNZjUpuihBm5/s1600/kids+reading+comics+on+street+1947.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzzkkNujwBVM1RJCQ9jqp4dWlxNJTG4am_69l5s4CuTNkkJVPLJK-gQ0DQPynzb5D-PbGfyRmdRrmP0WfxEkDDpN4rsW_sdlG-pP409eiFvhrS1BIuyXBsAt9gIwhvU5CWiNZjUpuihBm5/s400/kids+reading+comics+on+street+1947.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">New York,
1947 (photo by Ruth Orkin). The girl in the foreground is reading a <i>Hedy Devine</i> comic.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQpOCHs-kAIXUBPDy5Ff1qX1uT7x84Fe7VUpzcTwXy-F92zXxM96Tr4_70X8ocpS4ndJoi1iPP8udZjN5BQ7dgBOcdQwfLj-FzNo1MBU56nVZsAzbqQXC3LitfaPd0iQewMnytwPeBtti2/s1600/Tip+Top+1941.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQpOCHs-kAIXUBPDy5Ff1qX1uT7x84Fe7VUpzcTwXy-F92zXxM96Tr4_70X8ocpS4ndJoi1iPP8udZjN5BQ7dgBOcdQwfLj-FzNo1MBU56nVZsAzbqQXC3LitfaPd0iQewMnytwPeBtti2/s400/Tip+Top+1941.jpg" width="298" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Proudly displaying her latest literary acquisition, <i>Tip Top</i> #68 (December 1941)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Life couldn't be better: an ice cream float and a comic book at the soda shop. It's hard to make out what this happy little girl is reading, but it sure looks like that jawless freak, <b>Henry</b>, in the bottom panel.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Boris and friend perusing a Harvey Comics rack loaded with competitors. Visible are <i>Let's Take a Trip</i> (Spring 1958, the only issue); <i>Steve Donovan, Western Marshall</i> (actually <i>Four Color</i> #880, February 1958), a TV comic, of which a mere three issues were published from 1956-1958, this issue being the last; and <i>The</i> <i>Lone Ranger</i> #116 (February 1958; Dell). There's also a copy of <i>Children's Playmate</i>, but that long-running magazine isn't a comic book. (I'm trying to stay away from celebrities, but I've been a Karloff fan since I was her age.)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Kids reading comics outside a drug store, Lebanon, Kansas, circa 1952. The girl in the middle is wearing a <i>Joe Palooka</i> shirt.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Try to keep those comics in good shape, kids -- next week you can set up your own little sidewalk stand and resell them for 5 cents each. All from 1948: <i>Giggle Comics</i> #54 (June); <i>Calling All Kids</i> #19 (June); <i>Ace Comics</i> #135 (June); <i>Frisky Fables</i> #3 (June); <i>All Star Comics</i> #41 (June/July); <i>Joe Palooka</i> #21 (June); <i>Jumbo Comics</i> (June); <i>Feature Comics</i> #123 (June); behind the head of the boy on the left is <i>Captain Marvel</i> #86 (July); <i>Popeye</i> #2 (May-July); <i>Patsy Walker</i> #17 (July); <i>Li'l Abner</i> #64 (June); <i>Daredevil</i> #49 (July); behind the girl is <i>Tip Top Comics</i> #143 (June); <i>Winnie Winkle</i> #2 (June-August); <i>Smitty</i> #2 (May-July); <i>Walt Disney's Comics and Stories</i> #91 (Vol.8, No.7; April); <i>Red Ryder</i> #58 (May); <i>Action Comics</i> #120 (May); <i>Prize Comics Western</i> #69 (May/June; formerly <i>Prize Comics</i> until #68); <i>Jingle Jangle Comics</i> (June). The boy on the left is reading <i>Super Duck</i>, probably #20 (June).</span></td></tr>
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<br />Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-22401083467649001492010-11-02T20:14:00.017-04:002021-10-15T20:28:41.895-04:00Margaret Brundage: the Frank Frazetta of the 1930s<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbZ_xaGVdSliH0mGQ_KGxwTSNi28T9X4mAQ6bpuGqmnNUe307BptV-w-j-UquFJGj3d7BJbfAChhsjZHDaTsmGOcn1Pmc6kgmmftF_zDX8ytrDWCj1Lm2zYOZzP_JwF4bRhZfXMkdXhyZN/s1600/scan0004.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbZ_xaGVdSliH0mGQ_KGxwTSNi28T9X4mAQ6bpuGqmnNUe307BptV-w-j-UquFJGj3d7BJbfAChhsjZHDaTsmGOcn1Pmc6kgmmftF_zDX8ytrDWCj1Lm2zYOZzP_JwF4bRhZfXMkdXhyZN/s400/scan0004.jpg" width="273" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>original painting for the November 1935 issue of</i> WEIRD TALES</span></td></tr>
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Margaret Hedda Johnson was born in Chicago on December 9, 1900. In the early 1920s she attended the Chicago Academy of Fine Art where she studied fashion design. Afterwards, she became a freelance artist as a fashion illustrator for various newspapers. She married Myron "Slim" Brundage in 1927 and they had one son, Kerlyn. The marriage didn't last long and they separated, leaving Margaret to care for her child alone, as well as a mother in poor health, with little, if any, financial support from her husband. They divorced in 1939.</div>
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Desperate to get away from the mundane world of fashion -- and of black and white art -- she brought her portfolio to WEIRD TALES, "the magazine of the bizarre and unusual", whose offices were located in Chicago. The magazine was founded by publisher Clark Henneberger in 1923, and Farnsworth Wright took over as editor in 1924 after former editor Edwin Baird was fired. After seeing a drawing of an Oriental dancer, they gave her work as a cover artist for another of their titles, ORIENTAL STORIES, despite her limited knowledge of colour reproduction. Her first cover was for the Summer 1932 issue. (ORIENTAL STORIES would soon be renamed THE MAGIC CARPET; it only ran sporadically from October 1930 to January 1934.)</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Brundage's first cover: </i>ORIENTAL STORIES<i>, Summer 1932 issue</i></span></td></tr>
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She moved on to the more famous WEIRD TALES with the September 1932 issue, and would paint a total of 66 covers for the magazine, including all nine of the Conan covers. One of those covers helped make the issue a sell-out. Illustrating "The Slithering Shadow", a Conan tale by Robert E. Howard, Brundage's cover showed a naked blonde in bondage being whipped by a scantily-clad brunette, set against a crimson background and exaggerated shadows.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>original painting for the September 1933 issue of</i> WEIRD TALES</span></td></tr>
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She became the most prolific of the magazine's cover artists, with an unbroken streak from June, 1933 to September, 1936. (There was no August issue for 1936.) Her lurid covers were sensational and controversial, if their letters page, “The Eyrie”, is any indication. While fans -- and many of them were female -- didn't object to the nudity, some thought the covers were misrepresenting the magazine as sleazy trash rather than as a distinguished periodical of weird fiction. But Brundage's nude covers sold issues, and that was all that Wright needed to know. She signed her name "M. Brundage". This is how she was credited in the magazine until the February 1935 issue, where her full name is given, identifying her as a woman. (This may have been an attempt at mollifying the critics who thought the covers were sexist and misogynistic.)</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>original painting for the January 1936 issue of </i>WEIRD TALES</span></td></tr>
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Brundage's fashion training all but went out the window. Occasionally she would sneak in a pretty dress, but usually her soft-skinned heroines were either completely naked or covered in nothing more than a wisp of gossamer. With wide eyes and parted lips, these damsels in peril were being menaced by monsters or dagger-wielding cultists; often they were in bondage being whipped by evil priestesses; sometimes they were the ones in control, running naked through the snow with wolves. In any case, they were young and built like goddesses. There was little, if any, background in the composition, but always there were sexy, shapely females to titillate the viewer. Actually, there was a female on all but three of Brundage's covers (the April, May and August 1935 issues being the exceptions). Of Brundage's 66 WEIRD TALES covers, a dozen featured bondage and/or flagellation.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>original painting for the January 1935 issue of </i>WEIRD TALES</span></td></tr>
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Brundage visited Farnsworth Wright at the WEIRD TALES offices at least once a month. A particular scene from a story was chosen for her to illustrate, often one of bondage and sadism or with lesbian overtones, and Brundage would submit a few pencil sketches. Wright would then choose one to be rendered for the cover. Not surprisingly, writers would sometimes fit a bondage and whipping sequence into their yarn hoping to make the cover.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDE5tia26JcUKZMOc9l_XK3cfgIedoaXcL3fUyC648GFjS7OxIqpIrD0duBj_VmAy_76BffmLpY03btNXrMJmVSG0xXiwDGe751vORXYA6h1xhFLlOtSxPhJoTtisIeroF0s5-UGWDOs2D/s1600/xenophile+28+brundage.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDE5tia26JcUKZMOc9l_XK3cfgIedoaXcL3fUyC648GFjS7OxIqpIrD0duBj_VmAy_76BffmLpY03btNXrMJmVSG0xXiwDGe751vORXYA6h1xhFLlOtSxPhJoTtisIeroF0s5-UGWDOs2D/s400/xenophile+28+brundage.jpg" width="301" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A few vintage Brundage illustrations reproduced in the fanzine </i>XENOPHILE</span><i><span style="font-size: small;"> #28 (November/December 1976)</span></i></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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Forrest Ackerman visited Brundage at her second floor apartment in Chicago, with two guides and a friend in tow, for a prearranged interview published in the February 1941 issue of THE ALCHEMIST, a science fiction fanzine. He described her as "tall, blonde, affable."</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> </div><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">Brundage rarely used models to work from, being a luxury she simply couldn't afford. Occasionally a friend would pose for the female figures, but she usually worked from the pure ether of her imagination, or from photos. The models for the cover of the November 1940 issue of WEIRD TALES<span> were Robert Taylor and Loretta Young, presumably from a still from the 1936 film, PRIVATE NUMBER. </span> She was paid $90 per cover (later reduced to $50), always rendered in pastels, her chosen medium, and usually measuring 20 inches in height, but with varying widths, and rarely completed within less than a week. Brundage was rarely asked to make corrections and, under Wright's editorship, never asked to cover up her nudes. "They would always pick the one with the least amount of clothing," Brundage said. What's more, she was asked "to make larger and larger breasts".</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>original painting for the August 1934 issue of</i> WEIRD TALES</span></td></tr>
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WEIRD TALES was sold in 1938 to a New York publisher, where the editorial offices were also located. Dorothy McIlwraith was brought in to assist Wright. Office politics and health issues forced Wright to resign by 1940, and he died later that year from Parkinson's disease. McIlwraith became the new editor.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>original painting for the October 1935 issue of</i> WEIRD TALES</span></td></tr>
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Because Brundage could no longer deliver the artwork in person it had to be shipped, which meant she had to create covers in much less time. Materials, packaging and shipping cost her about $15. This, coupled with the fact that the pastels would smear during shipping causing a need for corrections and more shipping, marked the end of Brundage's reign as leading cover artist for the magazine. She made one attempt at oils, which the editors didn't like, and after the October 1938 issue she only did eight more WEIRD TALES covers, the last being for the January 1945 issue. (She did no covers for the 1939 issues.) The magazine went to bi-monthly status after 1939, so even if she had remained Queen of the Pulps her earnings would have been halved. In the late 1930s under new ownership the covers were no longer risque. Wright's two other discoveries, Virgil Finlay and Hannes Bok, both amazing artists, were on hand to provide technically proficient and bizarre covers (respectively), and help bring the magazine back to its weird roots. The magazine continued until September 1954.</div>
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Brundage, one of the few women artists working for pulp magazines, lived mostly in obscurity and poverty. She continued painting and gave some brief interviews in the 1970s. She died April 9, 1976, predeceased by her son, who died in 1972.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirfzBMvGiGPktiQkL-1DwQfmRAQmMuFtb0ZKxgtxDvYSSPIv8Egrm-9QMFCrp16UTC3Y_bSy0HsLSo7FDKvWakIXmnMmDqMWLU2kR4hDwwS0E8eL8IosNvU540ZXstH94UbnHXDZblM_Go/s1600/originalwt2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirfzBMvGiGPktiQkL-1DwQfmRAQmMuFtb0ZKxgtxDvYSSPIv8Egrm-9QMFCrp16UTC3Y_bSy0HsLSo7FDKvWakIXmnMmDqMWLU2kR4hDwwS0E8eL8IosNvU540ZXstH94UbnHXDZblM_Go/s320/originalwt2.jpg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>original painting for Brundage's first </i>WEIRD TALES<i> cover, September 1932</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Her covers for Weird Tales are highly valued by collectors, and the originals sell for large sums at auction. The cover for the September 1932 issue of Weird Tales (her first for that magazine) sold for $50,000 in 2008, and in 2010 the cover for the January 1936 issue sold for $37,000. Often overlooked, often underrated, the best of Margaret Brundage's pastel covers for the pulps deserve to be hanging in museums!</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
Here's a selection of WEIRD TALES covers:<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpRkM0M6DdU6biJfRiFqSI5Z1EH3gOJmO2NRsUGO43vhjK0jONaqG-nulfs6GxL4mOCryB03aZ2d1tYLdwHqkjl8AP6fgZ1Z6HgtZ5S0ILcC2omy67WWlzfxAPS65PSShErp7yjRXsoRBp/s1600/wtoct32b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpRkM0M6DdU6biJfRiFqSI5Z1EH3gOJmO2NRsUGO43vhjK0jONaqG-nulfs6GxL4mOCryB03aZ2d1tYLdwHqkjl8AP6fgZ1Z6HgtZ5S0ILcC2omy67WWlzfxAPS65PSShErp7yjRXsoRBp/s400/wtoct32b.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>October 1932</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEDW5fnjEY_XHiG3bq66WgtEeeZsP4NgdQwG2y2K1_Mnn6kMm7IIhGzJBX-DOaE7znQK4eyIQ-DXmuxvTfy8p3vj62C6zmQwzMG_MNLAaNqP4wtmVL9u79gZjM_qyRZsxO9FnCG4CQL3ZP/s1600/wtmar33b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEDW5fnjEY_XHiG3bq66WgtEeeZsP4NgdQwG2y2K1_Mnn6kMm7IIhGzJBX-DOaE7znQK4eyIQ-DXmuxvTfy8p3vj62C6zmQwzMG_MNLAaNqP4wtmVL9u79gZjM_qyRZsxO9FnCG4CQL3ZP/s400/wtmar33b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>March 1933</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfx9skQ4ZRsoAszIAV-DvZ8XRxBmQ0Tj4prRl74TtSesuK8FgRM7Hhiy3R_m9qAnMKUeFQhXuCYn1McfvvfMS8TyNLhu9WgMNyPMD4Q44tvdpRsUXCq_gPd4kDcyGbJEwnS3U1yq2TjFUC/s1600/wt+original+march+1933.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfx9skQ4ZRsoAszIAV-DvZ8XRxBmQ0Tj4prRl74TtSesuK8FgRM7Hhiy3R_m9qAnMKUeFQhXuCYn1McfvvfMS8TyNLhu9WgMNyPMD4Q44tvdpRsUXCq_gPd4kDcyGbJEwnS3U1yq2TjFUC/s320/wt+original+march+1933.jpeg" width="288" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The original art for the March 1933 issue</span></i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrQjG94Lylr4R1-MchDTCTvekdqxG5kp1o4eHzXLN04L6HuttGG9UxgO5ZuFq5wcOK_t-jisymFzJLMfVwFg-uK-PcC83bn3Gck5iFJebAMEggb-PaEIbTuCYGArbRC6J4NCHISeQ3HC3l/s1600/wtjune33b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrQjG94Lylr4R1-MchDTCTvekdqxG5kp1o4eHzXLN04L6HuttGG9UxgO5ZuFq5wcOK_t-jisymFzJLMfVwFg-uK-PcC83bn3Gck5iFJebAMEggb-PaEIbTuCYGArbRC6J4NCHISeQ3HC3l/s400/wtjune33b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>cover for a </i>CONAN<i> story, June 1933</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><br /></i>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ4-RLtZ8wND9Nt9LV-eV9by-3b4oe5gsmc2N_wPD47xABYNNqakObbnu5_09BSEFDY361xBwvWs50N8QafUKKSR43YdZOkyCQVUS4VPRW43vYW03ueJP4aR54i3MeAg_XXGJtzARDHVoU/s1600/wtjuly33b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ4-RLtZ8wND9Nt9LV-eV9by-3b4oe5gsmc2N_wPD47xABYNNqakObbnu5_09BSEFDY361xBwvWs50N8QafUKKSR43YdZOkyCQVUS4VPRW43vYW03ueJP4aR54i3MeAg_XXGJtzARDHVoU/s400/wtjuly33b.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>July 1933</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF64QjfwpT76iMmSAGXcFpP1AwgiqWg-ydxW1AKxspSUciwDoQj4c5cVo32UtktPZSJuuKyLpq3pzsT132Zqfod6k-mY1lkYkOUz659p4RF1d1SXubjvzBYMQ_JEJlLL4uJTSMjOPyJKdb/s1600/wtsept33.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF64QjfwpT76iMmSAGXcFpP1AwgiqWg-ydxW1AKxspSUciwDoQj4c5cVo32UtktPZSJuuKyLpq3pzsT132Zqfod6k-mY1lkYkOUz659p4RF1d1SXubjvzBYMQ_JEJlLL4uJTSMjOPyJKdb/s400/wtsept33.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">cover for a CONAN story, <i>September 1933</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQwjtDkLqSiHl7oPuJmgszH-87LzgkqO-oifZdTZZbEKet034MOCzl2_4u2Ca6t4BrdO3JhturN6_kPrLEaTogct_JHgIKMXIKxPBv7u71WfJspAJLm3DkLQrN453tHvz_FyDJZzCY2-JV/s1600/wtoct33b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQwjtDkLqSiHl7oPuJmgszH-87LzgkqO-oifZdTZZbEKet034MOCzl2_4u2Ca6t4BrdO3JhturN6_kPrLEaTogct_JHgIKMXIKxPBv7u71WfJspAJLm3DkLQrN453tHvz_FyDJZzCY2-JV/s400/wtoct33b.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>October 1933</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS0k6kzYLRG-Akh0T17SqVk0KxDO6yxh5tB1Gv67zJIyiBPWCBwHniR21FhC_ECUqvpYiaszkWExaxZGmoeZUL4hYuD0-sTyTBjNug0BMwqByI5OYBC-RMNXy1Bh7o1LxSudcMG1dUiJ7q/s1600/wtnov33b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS0k6kzYLRG-Akh0T17SqVk0KxDO6yxh5tB1Gv67zJIyiBPWCBwHniR21FhC_ECUqvpYiaszkWExaxZGmoeZUL4hYuD0-sTyTBjNug0BMwqByI5OYBC-RMNXy1Bh7o1LxSudcMG1dUiJ7q/s400/wtnov33b.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>November 1933</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq2d_BF8qK8rLlmG8g1pjP2zwQpm_89nYxeKekTIUFAWBkM56nmK0lLP_KFIUm3PiLET3gDZ8A5PeUqmeahVPGZR7xISxQKHDhNwWj9aHyH82MArs2wc2SUTK90Uxf1ySQn8sRGXp6eqrV/s1600/wtdec33b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq2d_BF8qK8rLlmG8g1pjP2zwQpm_89nYxeKekTIUFAWBkM56nmK0lLP_KFIUm3PiLET3gDZ8A5PeUqmeahVPGZR7xISxQKHDhNwWj9aHyH82MArs2wc2SUTK90Uxf1ySQn8sRGXp6eqrV/s400/wtdec33b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>December 1933</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOEG1tT4xNOQFjrbUIlNRfwwYm5nWnzDCktQLtVi-8yC870f3LaeO9lAYCkAn3gEy4tscFTnjqYAkdE38bx_QjPi63OH0CasrpdOvM79C078CJ4iJ46uZ8KMocYjjBeG4xMzWwT3PvE2kS/s1600/wt+original+december+1933.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOEG1tT4xNOQFjrbUIlNRfwwYm5nWnzDCktQLtVi-8yC870f3LaeO9lAYCkAn3gEy4tscFTnjqYAkdE38bx_QjPi63OH0CasrpdOvM79C078CJ4iJ46uZ8KMocYjjBeG4xMzWwT3PvE2kS/s400/wt+original+december+1933.jpeg" width="283" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The original art for the December 1933 issue</span></i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYLyG94puvzRQ1BzePN23ABELwRcIcGW6VPzTqKS4zmcCJ03AciFgsjB1fKF7MsXd22gu7jE-ONNHtTzq1Te_T0tusCs7drB2t9PAxuIa8F7ltuzcOsYZnxVEsnG0wlBb2YGhf7jAdHPsm/s1600/wtjan34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYLyG94puvzRQ1BzePN23ABELwRcIcGW6VPzTqKS4zmcCJ03AciFgsjB1fKF7MsXd22gu7jE-ONNHtTzq1Te_T0tusCs7drB2t9PAxuIa8F7ltuzcOsYZnxVEsnG0wlBb2YGhf7jAdHPsm/s400/wtjan34b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>January 1934</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCMQDDuscoMh45lHq_zRlFJxQbzvyigqqj48cdu7beBT6Ibp0nlVZU-NssuIpGvzD7SsuCmBVXacH6OyBzy6hmmT1jhoRmC_MFMRjpvAE7-8_AW6V_htWSBsiu4s_7cAR7_LLJ-NXdeevv/s1600/wtmar34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCMQDDuscoMh45lHq_zRlFJxQbzvyigqqj48cdu7beBT6Ibp0nlVZU-NssuIpGvzD7SsuCmBVXacH6OyBzy6hmmT1jhoRmC_MFMRjpvAE7-8_AW6V_htWSBsiu4s_7cAR7_LLJ-NXdeevv/s400/wtmar34b.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>March 1934</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br />
<i><br /></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLCMylj71jQ1WtnLygX0EWPkBxf3M4xPy7KIwOefVpqjeOvHUngBNvTf4KarGSa-QBi9vsh5576U1F5groqtmV0kkuyHIMa0Gmwbe-mEYM5kOH7LJRn037tqvuDJDybxt8oH53fqszk3VQ/s1600/wtapr34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLCMylj71jQ1WtnLygX0EWPkBxf3M4xPy7KIwOefVpqjeOvHUngBNvTf4KarGSa-QBi9vsh5576U1F5groqtmV0kkuyHIMa0Gmwbe-mEYM5kOH7LJRn037tqvuDJDybxt8oH53fqszk3VQ/s400/wtapr34b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>April 1934</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZOZym8pID6XwFkcuAkdZyF-7OpMOEARsvzH_pg9P_sTWOl9aBYCX_Kb_inB7dajL5JDtV6-sVc6t916eY53V9d5H2AZ3RufQ1RU8LlttRbPeqIDK8irggzTpH3fX4jPYmFrWWiJPq9xEu/s1600/wtmay34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZOZym8pID6XwFkcuAkdZyF-7OpMOEARsvzH_pg9P_sTWOl9aBYCX_Kb_inB7dajL5JDtV6-sVc6t916eY53V9d5H2AZ3RufQ1RU8LlttRbPeqIDK8irggzTpH3fX4jPYmFrWWiJPq9xEu/s400/wtmay34b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CONAN <i>cover, May 1934</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6woOeMIansXZCwCMGTBfIIU8B8-wmJFFljQyCMoQHOGiTEX5voHT-s77Yx1aHQWeLlZYyYgk_w17yKgSp9Nwh9W8r5UpQuHuI_7eBac7NeafVH4FbaNQc4IcDhI3aoCr3u2OnNwnTXRTe/s1600/wtaug34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6woOeMIansXZCwCMGTBfIIU8B8-wmJFFljQyCMoQHOGiTEX5voHT-s77Yx1aHQWeLlZYyYgk_w17yKgSp9Nwh9W8r5UpQuHuI_7eBac7NeafVH4FbaNQc4IcDhI3aoCr3u2OnNwnTXRTe/s400/wtaug34b.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CONAN <i>cover, August 1934</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br />
<i><br /></i></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeCh0Tgn0yQ0dpbGh-ShYk5DmUXm-2xIIMmTgKWnl6wD9EZ8Kda4RgpPBRrYb4eBhrrjfXcI74yWaYCuxgxoAqxK8VAWcH1N_otuqOVmv-7ow5pUpLkZXRsjahJImKeVfG9UH0Ai5lOXTb/s1600/wtsept34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeCh0Tgn0yQ0dpbGh-ShYk5DmUXm-2xIIMmTgKWnl6wD9EZ8Kda4RgpPBRrYb4eBhrrjfXcI74yWaYCuxgxoAqxK8VAWcH1N_otuqOVmv-7ow5pUpLkZXRsjahJImKeVfG9UH0Ai5lOXTb/s400/wtsept34b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>cover for a </i>CONAN<i> story, September 1934</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguuopOylMhEgsuxPufwfJtkQdYbAL_wiAelbXSit22gAG76Ba8oqcUUOar-AAMHy6yU3A6-3_HaZaTBMIUAFmJAbBrPk-iJenSNHtHMuP6WzdLZ9Hl1BaFsM-vvnGKnz6MiL1pZS0CzdP2/s1600/wtoct34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguuopOylMhEgsuxPufwfJtkQdYbAL_wiAelbXSit22gAG76Ba8oqcUUOar-AAMHy6yU3A6-3_HaZaTBMIUAFmJAbBrPk-iJenSNHtHMuP6WzdLZ9Hl1BaFsM-vvnGKnz6MiL1pZS0CzdP2/s400/wtoct34b.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>October 1934</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis0gkyE_0jNeWZi_C4HhCrFm7FMhX-46_XLd_AB9clxSJiJZKEEbG660ULY0KVseOjUiYCKKu3bnIYoC7TawC5OCQxKKuwyTnt12AulDjPMZGbx1yQW1SdvWv5fYfkG9Ho97LElTZrSl8N/s1600/wtnov34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1075" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis0gkyE_0jNeWZi_C4HhCrFm7FMhX-46_XLd_AB9clxSJiJZKEEbG660ULY0KVseOjUiYCKKu3bnIYoC7TawC5OCQxKKuwyTnt12AulDjPMZGbx1yQW1SdvWv5fYfkG9Ho97LElTZrSl8N/s400/wtnov34b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>November 1934</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicwjJ3nakV1qu94jFGqJYxJbSjnbjh-fxWJyTTASp9hh5qtoWZYSU6AtPW0pZ2tPyCDsF1ugieWvOmq-pJ3SaY3CPcs41mRbHnn7s7k2Iq1UVBlAhEQbRg9C3T8-3uMMBWYg9MkWFfAKdW/s1600/wtdec34b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicwjJ3nakV1qu94jFGqJYxJbSjnbjh-fxWJyTTASp9hh5qtoWZYSU6AtPW0pZ2tPyCDsF1ugieWvOmq-pJ3SaY3CPcs41mRbHnn7s7k2Iq1UVBlAhEQbRg9C3T8-3uMMBWYg9MkWFfAKdW/s400/wtdec34b.jpg" width="271" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>cover for a </i>CONAN<i> story, December 1934</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSsHIn0ZF3tpqIDA4sGsAdwhdEvvppvzxo_fxGAP1VAxdhHfvYHv89j3glppsLWkIA_wnepcULN3IQZ1ml2TR_xQq1jy5PPkqSOR9NbWp5Y7vkTml5Zx5EUT2bObKbnUkdDQxvFAsunnWW/s1600/weird+tales+spanking+ad+april+1935.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="401" data-original-width="796" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSsHIn0ZF3tpqIDA4sGsAdwhdEvvppvzxo_fxGAP1VAxdhHfvYHv89j3glppsLWkIA_wnepcULN3IQZ1ml2TR_xQq1jy5PPkqSOR9NbWp5Y7vkTml5Zx5EUT2bObKbnUkdDQxvFAsunnWW/s400/weird+tales+spanking+ad+april+1935.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Margaret Brundage gets swiped: this small ad appeared in the April 1935 issue of </i>WEIRD TALES<i>.</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqkGagGd2or3tFEmcoOTrvSxzzcvnzxafonRafXf-ih52OVk-Bg_z-foSpyvzwloazCPMQWBDG-bHq5M2py-yQPz29UW_CZ7LQboSllzyudTCtAVCiuzrd75XQtcV4_PSxQKt8Y6Yl8MYR/s1600/wtjan35b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqkGagGd2or3tFEmcoOTrvSxzzcvnzxafonRafXf-ih52OVk-Bg_z-foSpyvzwloazCPMQWBDG-bHq5M2py-yQPz29UW_CZ7LQboSllzyudTCtAVCiuzrd75XQtcV4_PSxQKt8Y6Yl8MYR/s400/wtjan35b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>January 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJFCf9C1pqr3KOaqYRwdq-x1ELa7wptN3MBq65LFit2xLgdFw48BPAyzrgYE7QQZozgR-3Zwgd7vVGYBZCUZht8Jbkkqk9hlCXtG0jcec6Mb7eSxnVnaBax5qBgUzIokdGXfLFD_NKiL2H/s1600/weirdtales_1935_02_brundage.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJFCf9C1pqr3KOaqYRwdq-x1ELa7wptN3MBq65LFit2xLgdFw48BPAyzrgYE7QQZozgR-3Zwgd7vVGYBZCUZht8Jbkkqk9hlCXtG0jcec6Mb7eSxnVnaBax5qBgUzIokdGXfLFD_NKiL2H/s400/weirdtales_1935_02_brundage.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>February 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMhMozoih9id-f0gxahFrMlwLuQ9ZPhfQdDXv2muJENprYaCNbPHoD_Hv0We-pI1D61qW3oLruI1NLq1haLq_D3LzTEwAyKXKRna2COx53X00Q8rG5tV1dvDwZ6Qk2xCV6LcMLpmoDDsSk/s1600/wtjune35b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMhMozoih9id-f0gxahFrMlwLuQ9ZPhfQdDXv2muJENprYaCNbPHoD_Hv0We-pI1D61qW3oLruI1NLq1haLq_D3LzTEwAyKXKRna2COx53X00Q8rG5tV1dvDwZ6Qk2xCV6LcMLpmoDDsSk/s400/wtjune35b.jpg" width="268" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>June 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAb_bMe8UGAYthKicpvpAqwqXfuvJKmdD68_OroJhmgoUqDS8i4YJQt_MRDNxI_pKYzM1zNvSLEb9YHteE5_J4d2pq2bW6ANOKHnR59ybA5o_iXVjQv8EAWnJbwoLvrT4yh-we743z57hs/s1600/wtnov35b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAb_bMe8UGAYthKicpvpAqwqXfuvJKmdD68_OroJhmgoUqDS8i4YJQt_MRDNxI_pKYzM1zNvSLEb9YHteE5_J4d2pq2bW6ANOKHnR59ybA5o_iXVjQv8EAWnJbwoLvrT4yh-we743z57hs/s400/wtnov35b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>cover for a </i>CONAN<i> story, November 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjavKJRI3Kzlm12uBpDvdViZFEet7vRqoffHVaBiIJ2F45nKKGjKHKvW9i80fZdeQseaWmEah3Laq7d4JXh7bMVd_t4sYHbsFiZIs0uCLEzgDoLh9XDnk5_b1OmE40nwb7wIViqb70EsXj/s1600/wtdec35b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjavKJRI3Kzlm12uBpDvdViZFEet7vRqoffHVaBiIJ2F45nKKGjKHKvW9i80fZdeQseaWmEah3Laq7d4JXh7bMVd_t4sYHbsFiZIs0uCLEzgDoLh9XDnk5_b1OmE40nwb7wIViqb70EsXj/s400/wtdec35b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">CONAN <i>cover, December 1935</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizUFNAKde_wyXxPBpuumUJQpOm7XDh-u8e2lN_MdcwMEo1WIRoUzXdXq5d9uzesK6eWWu-JcUI7z60h_LbNvWy81leKSFOnx-6MIhkWoPX6SposlR6zm3oCjE8KU5qQNd63JtGIfQfZVas/s1600/wtjan36b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizUFNAKde_wyXxPBpuumUJQpOm7XDh-u8e2lN_MdcwMEo1WIRoUzXdXq5d9uzesK6eWWu-JcUI7z60h_LbNvWy81leKSFOnx-6MIhkWoPX6SposlR6zm3oCjE8KU5qQNd63JtGIfQfZVas/s400/wtjan36b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>January 1936</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg06Q0DnPsfNjCNIdC_-rAc3jieIbnV0W9jQZc4WlUadYhsj8OuR_upF5a4tn1EPsoFqydXVWdlZ6adapRXSvioohyphenhyphenUhz6xax9Tzvw943diWp-D5zeCHiUMOc6OGmvmgySQmll9VEmDUl2K/s1600/wtmar36b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg06Q0DnPsfNjCNIdC_-rAc3jieIbnV0W9jQZc4WlUadYhsj8OuR_upF5a4tn1EPsoFqydXVWdlZ6adapRXSvioohyphenhyphenUhz6xax9Tzvw943diWp-D5zeCHiUMOc6OGmvmgySQmll9VEmDUl2K/s400/wtmar36b.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>March 1936</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjkuiWemmCZrTnoQYqG-dbb6en4X3_QjJPVYDBIflTcIJr8IofEF0W89HIXkrM8DnxFGIlBsLChkmAghsJkqnCBOwzic7d9q88ErCJMjWL3FsddnUNZ0HLZ5tKdXvDhVnHtGfVFsrNvETq/s1600/wt+original+march+1936.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjkuiWemmCZrTnoQYqG-dbb6en4X3_QjJPVYDBIflTcIJr8IofEF0W89HIXkrM8DnxFGIlBsLChkmAghsJkqnCBOwzic7d9q88ErCJMjWL3FsddnUNZ0HLZ5tKdXvDhVnHtGfVFsrNvETq/s400/wt+original+march+1936.jpeg" width="280" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">The original art for the March 1936 issue</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0V7MvgWBBUb7Nt6hyphenhyphenjYW9D9Bylf42UjY8BCt_MEYN0EcyY_wN9AwyKBgyVdJuT1YiLmuM_Qs1wYwh9j19MyKUdvLoNyxo-tSH55S1CB9XdEGp-2p727ELZqnHnojqrUIZ2LmvS-7SwL_F/s1600/wtapr36b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1069" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0V7MvgWBBUb7Nt6hyphenhyphenjYW9D9Bylf42UjY8BCt_MEYN0EcyY_wN9AwyKBgyVdJuT1YiLmuM_Qs1wYwh9j19MyKUdvLoNyxo-tSH55S1CB9XdEGp-2p727ELZqnHnojqrUIZ2LmvS-7SwL_F/s400/wtapr36b.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>April 1936</i>. A letter by <b>Robert E. Howard</b> was published in <i>The Eyrie</i> for the June 1936 issue of WEIRD TALES, praising this cover: "The colour combination is vivid and attractive, the lady is luscious, and altogether I think it's the best thing Mrs Brundage has done since she illustrated my <i>Black Colossus</i>." (See the <i>June 1933</i> cover.)</span></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVy5okK-wBBCWRUcj5_SJfmDvhucGxD7L35B_-6yGXJkAhaLUp-QyfG147hPkfTeV0drAyB6llIz2R8TcZfK8mJK1eF4dx56M-fDPoM_Bsf6c9XL4DJiEWucdrv4CrF5P7igKS6e1V7sP2/s1600/wtjuly36b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVy5okK-wBBCWRUcj5_SJfmDvhucGxD7L35B_-6yGXJkAhaLUp-QyfG147hPkfTeV0drAyB6llIz2R8TcZfK8mJK1eF4dx56M-fDPoM_Bsf6c9XL4DJiEWucdrv4CrF5P7igKS6e1V7sP2/s400/wtjuly36b.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>cover for a </i>CONAN<i> story, July 1936</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifkdJ0PmINlSFXwdJ5uatKnLbW6vWUV3s35SikCwhVTNMz25q2QQsSR_JlGDe83TpbshQy_nFs3L7zGB8DlVjJkYM7VX31mAK-xnYjZYTp_iv8Vwv2zKe8mtJ86ugiSiM5DLFYChP-UBbv/s1600/wtnov36b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifkdJ0PmINlSFXwdJ5uatKnLbW6vWUV3s35SikCwhVTNMz25q2QQsSR_JlGDe83TpbshQy_nFs3L7zGB8DlVjJkYM7VX31mAK-xnYjZYTp_iv8Vwv2zKe8mtJ86ugiSiM5DLFYChP-UBbv/s400/wtnov36b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>November 1936</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Na804F2QtbkDWacjPsea6e5jaZ0YPrVxJeUkfk5kV5ma_SnssAiGe1S-dwDaZZSX77K1mxx-mR8pKA26N2ddb4PrJyWlOAOcS9ncdnlMbPLbz1fQSLFE0UlYK35cBLBORD5om8tWuRx2/s1600/wtjan37b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Na804F2QtbkDWacjPsea6e5jaZ0YPrVxJeUkfk5kV5ma_SnssAiGe1S-dwDaZZSX77K1mxx-mR8pKA26N2ddb4PrJyWlOAOcS9ncdnlMbPLbz1fQSLFE0UlYK35cBLBORD5om8tWuRx2/s400/wtjan37b.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>January 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyktUprqiwYKjeIjjeTTcm7cL09S5xhqG-dunnInU3rBJPpCvU8QGIKq7urpPF0SnOBHn4UUVNmNC8bEhS4cXxoPE06peXMxb4vO3H_nTppkWWZC5wEnxIb0whbEG-qrez_-Hm4n8nBI08/s1600/wtmar37b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyktUprqiwYKjeIjjeTTcm7cL09S5xhqG-dunnInU3rBJPpCvU8QGIKq7urpPF0SnOBHn4UUVNmNC8bEhS4cXxoPE06peXMxb4vO3H_nTppkWWZC5wEnxIb0whbEG-qrez_-Hm4n8nBI08/s400/wtmar37b.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>March 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuWvN_FJYTZWDy26jPWV_r-5RZlho11rEueIAfekq4W3G1jo_5FZUzqAX43DfdobVHXbQqjjfQmcQyj-x3gpYTeZeFvc_RcHrs7qLOP-K5KTI8EQ1G5pPmOXM-Uqs2FBWa6uzkpIvf0zfC/s1600/wtmay37.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1422" data-original-width="960" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuWvN_FJYTZWDy26jPWV_r-5RZlho11rEueIAfekq4W3G1jo_5FZUzqAX43DfdobVHXbQqjjfQmcQyj-x3gpYTeZeFvc_RcHrs7qLOP-K5KTI8EQ1G5pPmOXM-Uqs2FBWa6uzkpIvf0zfC/s400/wtmay37.jpg" width="270" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>May 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo-a_kmAXKPI-3E5wKRmk6KQ8BjIMDKwuCY_bWthfaw4UG-MHFtu3J0SSmsD7SBVE083RuyGCUMQfatVEJVvApdNzV8R63OoaWJgrXwBbG4FtdquXYWhKJ8cIX7Nvd0heoUi6mmnMghRWG/s1600/weirdtales_1937_06_brundage.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo-a_kmAXKPI-3E5wKRmk6KQ8BjIMDKwuCY_bWthfaw4UG-MHFtu3J0SSmsD7SBVE083RuyGCUMQfatVEJVvApdNzV8R63OoaWJgrXwBbG4FtdquXYWhKJ8cIX7Nvd0heoUi6mmnMghRWG/s400/weirdtales_1937_06_brundage.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>June 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRsCujos36fCo-Nhnwir8HQzLInS1lBEgZQk1np0dnhLfVflfFeFVHqIP20Dac8yY89hkxwcnXJc68uU4Ni2YLY9-MhTpLWhiUKr4t2_HyrrB-c43RFgy86-u__XRXVuB6uYCOoaZm3Au7/s1600/carnal+god+-+weird+tales+june+1937.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1271" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRsCujos36fCo-Nhnwir8HQzLInS1lBEgZQk1np0dnhLfVflfFeFVHqIP20Dac8yY89hkxwcnXJc68uU4Ni2YLY9-MhTpLWhiUKr4t2_HyrrB-c43RFgy86-u__XRXVuB6uYCOoaZm3Au7/s400/carnal+god+-+weird+tales+june+1937.jpg" width="377" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Original art for the June 1937 issue (in this photo, Brundage</i>'<i>s painted border design is obscured by a frame)</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0tnssr7Xl20I5U1AbFhpHXUlBg1GfMzQRZoGxTNxD59viDStWdygVqlaw417nB4PE1x-vD17TORt2FRcO9uNzuQ9ytluls3GSHKNFoJ86FYXrceNSkxVIhAr-H0wj7VFBpv8FkgKJSp18/s1600/wtsept37b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0tnssr7Xl20I5U1AbFhpHXUlBg1GfMzQRZoGxTNxD59viDStWdygVqlaw417nB4PE1x-vD17TORt2FRcO9uNzuQ9ytluls3GSHKNFoJ86FYXrceNSkxVIhAr-H0wj7VFBpv8FkgKJSp18/s400/wtsept37b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>September 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJlbxpluI0kAaomHu8aFw9klIbbCguoQb4cj4d1FO5DSTovJFcACYdZp9XRglsS9v673O_76SFmkwguZAf8xyLQp70373L6pU8DNb-RcdEWptcT2831atE6o06D-2Jeh5qq6vleywD-z5O/s1600/wtoct37b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJlbxpluI0kAaomHu8aFw9klIbbCguoQb4cj4d1FO5DSTovJFcACYdZp9XRglsS9v673O_76SFmkwguZAf8xyLQp70373L6pU8DNb-RcdEWptcT2831atE6o06D-2Jeh5qq6vleywD-z5O/s400/wtoct37b.jpg" width="261" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>October 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc320TAvUSOx7SEMZKlQ2pmc9HWRPpcpn6gf78Re14x8J4Zmj8r50wTQWaH7CLywLGnuaSjcG0smhOr4T6_-bLV4gYBbmATpigTmNyFRTArEEgGt8Ekv7hbX9TluPUOsfYPcs8SKxWgCO8/s1600/wtnov37b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc320TAvUSOx7SEMZKlQ2pmc9HWRPpcpn6gf78Re14x8J4Zmj8r50wTQWaH7CLywLGnuaSjcG0smhOr4T6_-bLV4gYBbmATpigTmNyFRTArEEgGt8Ekv7hbX9TluPUOsfYPcs8SKxWgCO8/s400/wtnov37b.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>November 1937</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY4j6P5ouSYuyUbLqMGY-BEji7oWZcytWvEIMRT53ha37rmgw3dV0Y-CzvlJg-a6vtOiuB8jnO8neQeq7_PQr0WMM_sXAretRihBhLrHr_mlO1s32gOqSrN-nWn0QV9pn_BEgffQw3_lsG/s1600/weirdtales_1938_01_brundage.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY4j6P5ouSYuyUbLqMGY-BEji7oWZcytWvEIMRT53ha37rmgw3dV0Y-CzvlJg-a6vtOiuB8jnO8neQeq7_PQr0WMM_sXAretRihBhLrHr_mlO1s32gOqSrN-nWn0QV9pn_BEgffQw3_lsG/s400/weirdtales_1938_01_brundage.jpg" width="272" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>January 1938</i></span></td></tr>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCSgSPqHTC2hkZ7TPEl-xMpfw8weALC553NmWH0KC0BuBuTjGJxoqVD9fenTl0mYKzBGFTqb3VugCBxFIFmyETIqV1WL2aZaBzy8NDJb2NXO1DzR7siOenirdjr-PqsCr1H5NSIIxdq25E/s1600/forry+brundage.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="724" data-original-width="1200" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCSgSPqHTC2hkZ7TPEl-xMpfw8weALC553NmWH0KC0BuBuTjGJxoqVD9fenTl0mYKzBGFTqb3VugCBxFIFmyETIqV1WL2aZaBzy8NDJb2NXO1DzR7siOenirdjr-PqsCr1H5NSIIxdq25E/s400/forry+brundage.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">At the famous <i>Ackermansion</i>: <b>Forry Ackerman</b> once owned Margaret's original pastel painting (upper right) for the January 1938 cover of WEIRD TALES. (Photo from FAMOUS MONSTERS OF FILMLAND #24, August 1963.) Ackerman met Brundage and was granted a rare interview for THE ALCHEMIST #5 (February 1941), a mimeographed science fiction/fantasy fanzine. Typical of his alliterative style, he called her </span><span style="font-size: small;">"<i>fantasy fiction's foremost exponent of the unclothed feminine form</i>".</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwXMl7QfY4Bg5nbP7i_Gw1ki2HvkWiA2gcYx31ffQUsplgzpqAnMnkNcRMP34J9uBHRyaJaLdIJbgCw2xF1Duntfwn6Wz6wAezcM1Ry695xQWr9D-D1sBhl06wIYoItl8uOn-SbJFjuqO9/s1600/wtmar38b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwXMl7QfY4Bg5nbP7i_Gw1ki2HvkWiA2gcYx31ffQUsplgzpqAnMnkNcRMP34J9uBHRyaJaLdIJbgCw2xF1Duntfwn6Wz6wAezcM1Ry695xQWr9D-D1sBhl06wIYoItl8uOn-SbJFjuqO9/s400/wtmar38b.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>March 1938</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir8heIuVe-nEG6ACQB_zsU_tEu1X9QgOT-tas1VfG0N20Ae7qsAD5AiN_BhqCXFsuaXa8NIDXSNIzDGKo4B_DOVN0pY1zkDIqDQ2EjEuaaXqcgXgeWo8jWg6CvKadHbDu83KFBOECYoTv9/s1600/wtmay38.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir8heIuVe-nEG6ACQB_zsU_tEu1X9QgOT-tas1VfG0N20Ae7qsAD5AiN_BhqCXFsuaXa8NIDXSNIzDGKo4B_DOVN0pY1zkDIqDQ2EjEuaaXqcgXgeWo8jWg6CvKadHbDu83KFBOECYoTv9/s400/wtmay38.jpg" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>May 1938</i></span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFd1ADKNqcC662vyC1dBx5ejJUD6dWRzQC-DYhhtaIU4jrldb38qODbjSvjlHVjLBako41PmpbZsIkVCiA2-vvp3U1id4WQASFa_k2gAjoN2mjvLf90H9HKI_BaQxAarbm3l0GxMdbbtwt/s1600/wtjune38.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFd1ADKNqcC662vyC1dBx5ejJUD6dWRzQC-DYhhtaIU4jrldb38qODbjSvjlHVjLBako41PmpbZsIkVCiA2-vvp3U1id4WQASFa_k2gAjoN2mjvLf90H9HKI_BaQxAarbm3l0GxMdbbtwt/s400/wtjune38.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>June 1938</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghRZyyMWPsfEkSDK_gt7OCuoEURhrnANU_oO2mveuYD9dPlSdOHopgsIxrAEvnDywihwhdRtx-JTOLCVFesoVd1sO6rrtvgPpR1jyxxGQF3-QN8l7uqu6rQV0tvgvsQQ8yTsA9ZYZCtCYm/s1600/weirdtales_1938_08_brundage.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghRZyyMWPsfEkSDK_gt7OCuoEURhrnANU_oO2mveuYD9dPlSdOHopgsIxrAEvnDywihwhdRtx-JTOLCVFesoVd1sO6rrtvgPpR1jyxxGQF3-QN8l7uqu6rQV0tvgvsQQ8yTsA9ZYZCtCYm/s400/weirdtales_1938_08_brundage.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>August 1938</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRn0G3kvVkk7hrNNtX6-dHILkFv1hGHJBDO134SuS7VGj6NWnTHUGEfBMbIgyCgDfpmRqTf8j39k9bBOV1SIgx5krwDLTh-xEYBCIKFG0CDBZGg_7iG9VnaNOGBxn2Z2CliYmvOofjia_R/s1600/wtjuly42b.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRn0G3kvVkk7hrNNtX6-dHILkFv1hGHJBDO134SuS7VGj6NWnTHUGEfBMbIgyCgDfpmRqTf8j39k9bBOV1SIgx5krwDLTh-xEYBCIKFG0CDBZGg_7iG9VnaNOGBxn2Z2CliYmvOofjia_R/s400/wtjuly42b.jpg" width="263" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>July 1942</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP-2cw5ptjdyZC5ZlWnrgbsGyzdosecoAZ2t4L6qcqsYAezc3xDVwHVa8pAQlTdQm_1SM-E9Z-V41sb3ervSgSGM5MiZjeV0MPRPFHpKXIbkV0h5ZDb6tEci7ovqRkXofs3WfpgBFkJAX9/s1600/margaret+brundage+1948.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="577" data-original-width="466" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP-2cw5ptjdyZC5ZlWnrgbsGyzdosecoAZ2t4L6qcqsYAezc3xDVwHVa8pAQlTdQm_1SM-E9Z-V41sb3ervSgSGM5MiZjeV0MPRPFHpKXIbkV0h5ZDb6tEci7ovqRkXofs3WfpgBFkJAX9/s400/margaret+brundage+1948.png" width="322" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Margaret Brundage, 1948</i></span></td></tr>
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(The illustrations for Robert E. Howard's Weird Tales stories can be found <a href="http://junglefrolics.blogspot.com/2019/07/robert-e-howard-weird-tales.html" target="_blank">here</a>)</div>
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Richard Belandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09551263003857476982noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7674337471812945230.post-61347749789304570682010-07-31T02:16:00.013-04:002018-04-15T14:34:07.493-04:00Before There Was Hit-Girl...There Was Tomboy!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB8MFYpbCoCeHZhNIKDCFFceq2tASJFXNqPe0mLSdCguIitN7228QFPbjQxMTkRUXacva1lRR7rCOApJF8GUWbOGXfI5ZNOqSR7OIgw1UQBd-P-s7RQw4FAq6xXpagSTwrZG7kP2vuyxKM/s1600/tomboy+fence+%25231.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="455" data-original-width="337" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB8MFYpbCoCeHZhNIKDCFFceq2tASJFXNqPe0mLSdCguIitN7228QFPbjQxMTkRUXacva1lRR7rCOApJF8GUWbOGXfI5ZNOqSR7OIgw1UQBd-P-s7RQw4FAq6xXpagSTwrZG7kP2vuyxKM/s400/tomboy+fence+%25231.jpg" width="296" /></a></div>
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Not long after seeing the very excellent KICK-ASS movie, I came across a reference to one of the most obscure comic book characters ever: <b><i>Tomboy</i></b>. Clad in a makeshift costume comprised of a domino mask, green t-shirt, tiny cape, black skirt, and red boots and gloves, this preteen girl looked as if she were dressed for Halloween. The reality is, after school she was beating the hell out of every murderous gangster she could find!<br />
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Tomboy made her debut as a backup feature in the first issue of CAPTAIN FLASH (November 1954) and stayed for all four issues of that magazine before the company, Sterling Comics, folded. <b>Tomboy</b> was never seen again, nor was <b>Captain Flash</b>.<br />
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Almost nothing is known about Sterling Comics, Inc., though I was able to piece together this much: the company, whose product was distributed by Leader News, was owned by Sidney Chenkin, Eleanor Grupsmith, Peter V. D. Voorhees, and Martin Smith (editor), and published a grand total of five titles: CAPTAIN FLASH No.1-4 (November 1954-July 1955); THE TORMENTED No.1 & 2 (July & September 1954), which became SURPRISE ADVENTURES with the third issue (March 1955), lasting until No.5 (July 1955); AFTER DARK No.6-8 (April 1955-September 1955); and MY SECRET CONFESSION, which lasted only one issue (September 1955).<br />
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The owners of Sterling had two other corporations: Nesbit Publishing Co. and Feature Television Productions, each of which published only one title. Nesbit's SUPERIOR STORIES, a sort of "<i>Classics</i> <i>Illustrated</i>", ran for four issues (May/June 1955-November/December 1955), and Feature's THE INFORMER for five issues (April 1954-December 1954), after which the numbering was taken over by Sterling's AFTER DARK.<br />
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As it turns out, Martin Smith's real name is Martin W. Grupsmith (presumably married to Eleanor), who, under variations of his name and the pseudonym "Marcus Goldsmith", had worked for the Iger and Sangor comic studios supplying scripts and text stories for DC, American Comics Group (ACG), and others during the 1940s, before putting together his own publishing company. (Smith was also listed as business manager for ACG in 1946, and the address given, 420 DeSoto Avenue in St. Louis, is the same address given later for his Sterling company, though that address changed from title to title and even issue to issue.)<br />
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It's not known who wrote the <b>Captain Flash</b> and <b>Tomboy</b> stories. It may or may not have been Martin Smith. However, all of the <b>Captain Flash</b> stories were drawn by prolific comic artist Mike Sekowsky (who also drew THE INFORMER, MY SECRET CONFESSION, and issues 3 and 5 of SURPRISE ADVENTURES), while the first <b>Tomboy</b> story was drawn by veteran comic artist Mort Meskin (and erroneously thought to be by Simon and Kirby on occasion). The next three <b>Tomboy</b> adventures were drawn by Edvard Moritz, of whom little is known except that he worked for a number of comic book companies beginning in the early 1940s and later painted covers for CLASSICS ILLUSTRATED, paperbacks and science fiction magazines, and some <i>Tom Swift</i> books in the 1960s. (He's sometimes credited as <i>Edward Moritz</i> and <i>Ed Moritz</i>.)<br />
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Remarkably, there's no origin story for <b>Tomboy</b> -- not even a smidgen. 12-year-old <b>Janie Jackson</b> puts on a mask and cape and gleefully wades into whole gangs of villains simply because she doesn't like them. And despite her lack of any special powers, you have merely to "<i>mention the name Tomboy and the underworld</i> <i>shudders and crawls into its hole</i>." And with good reason: she's vicious!<br />
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In the first story, "<i>The Claw</i>", we meet Janie, already in costume as <b>Tomboy</b>, swinging into action. A thug is on a rooftop enjoying a shootout with the police below. <b>Tomboy</b> dropkicks him, punches his face and flips him over her shoulder. When the police arrive she's standing over the unconscious punk's sprawled out form, one foot resting triumphantly on his belly. She doesn't wait to be thanked.<br />
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Janie lives with her parents and older brother, Bill. <b>Tomboy</b> is already the talk of the town, but her family is totally oblivious to the fact that little Janie is the pugilistic daredevil risking her life every day fighting crime. This is most unfortunate for Bill, who has a rather unhealthy infatuation with <b>Tomboy</b>, and for Janie's father, police lieutenant Charles Jackson, who wouldn't have a city left to defend were it not for the wild exploits of his daughter. <b>The Claw</b>, <b>Tomboy</b>'s "<i>most dangerous enemy</i>", calls Lieutenant Jackson at home: "<i>I'm giving you one hour to release my man, copper, or you won't have a waterfront left in this city! And don't bother to tell <b>Tomboy</b> -- we'll take care of her in our own way!</i>" Those words, "<i>and don't bother to</i> <i>tell <b>Tomboy</b></i>", must have stung terribly. The intimation seems clear: the police can't get the job done themselves; instead, they have to rely on a <i>little girl</i> to beat the criminals to a pulp and round them up!<br />
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<b>Tomboy</b> has no mercy when it comes to bad guys: she kills the whole Claw gang at the end, following an incredible airplane stunt that not even James Bond would attempt. Then she goes home for dinner. The first issue of CAPTAIN FLASH was the only one published before the newly formed Comics Code came into effect. Perhaps it was time for Janie to repeal the capital punishment. She did, but she still had plenty of fun punching faces (which she did very frequently -- and even took out two guys with one punch!), beating guys up with pool balls, microphone stands, and slamming heavy wooden chairs into their ugly mugs.<br />
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There are a few similarities between <b>Tomboy</b> and KICK-ASS's <b>Hit-Girl</b>: <b>Tomboy</b> isn't much older than the 11-year-old <b>Hit-Girl</b>; each wears a domino mask, skirt and cape and have the same hair style (except that <b>Hit-Girl</b>'s hair is purple); <b>Tomboy</b>'s father is a policeman, as was <b>Hit-Girl</b>'s father before he became a <i>Batman</i>-like vigilante; and each girl can take on an entire gang single-handedly -- while enjoying every second of the brutal action. (Of course, <b>Hit-Girl</b> is infinitely more lethal.) And I'd be remiss if I didn't point out that the artist on the strip, Ed <i>Moritz</i>, has almost the same last name as Chloe <i>Moretz</i>, the actress who played <b>Hit-Girl</b>.<br />
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It's really too bad that <b>Tomboy</b>'s career was cut short by the cancellation of CAPTAIN FLASH. It could have been the distribution at fault. Leader News Co. (whose most famous client was Bill Gaines' notorious EC line) was the weakest of about ten magazine distributors, and they declared bankruptcy in 1956. It could have been the indifference to superheroes at the time, who had fallen out of favour after the war. Besides, it's hard to stand out when the racks are glutted with 500 other comic books.<br />
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<b>Tomboy</b> was nobody's sidekick. She should have had her own title. But she didn't, so the few of us that will ever know about her -- or care -- will have only the four stories to enjoy. Here are all four of them. Hopefully you'll be as thrilled by the <i>adventures of <b>Tomboy</b></i> as I am!<br />
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"The Claw",<i> from CAPTAIN FLASH #1 (November, 1954):</i><br />
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"Crime Wave"<i>, from CAPTAIN FLASH #2 (March 1955):</i><br />
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"Two Tomboys"<i>, From CAPTAIN FLASH #3 (May 1955):</i><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsVqD2nKrzWaRG9isWA_5wCqrvyWiaLqWfrKenwPbpXh2vVL7JMGDIWktVvpWO23tVmw830IwRs1vHz7U_b-eqbYDYYRZ20W1EjC3l01dcgQ65IH2smoMiy9cubg7hBDLn8R8j0mVEYruv/s1600/twotomboys1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsVqD2nKrzWaRG9isWA_5wCqrvyWiaLqWfrKenwPbpXh2vVL7JMGDIWktVvpWO23tVmw830IwRs1vHz7U_b-eqbYDYYRZ20W1EjC3l01dcgQ65IH2smoMiy9cubg7hBDLn8R8j0mVEYruv/s400/twotomboys1.jpg" width="275" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLiBnZMXS-H0NfVSTSEzrL8h4KDXUEbLK4aqrzVr-b4id1lFaRLoM4J-_JAKgyhOjGgVui7lNcUpiR_d3fZY7fUH8sFrVY63jXPpZOVBP4_biiDpaTxSjum60PmlqN1RvulfPVnkde36is/s1600/twotomboys2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLiBnZMXS-H0NfVSTSEzrL8h4KDXUEbLK4aqrzVr-b4id1lFaRLoM4J-_JAKgyhOjGgVui7lNcUpiR_d3fZY7fUH8sFrVY63jXPpZOVBP4_biiDpaTxSjum60PmlqN1RvulfPVnkde36is/s400/twotomboys2.jpg" width="277" /></a></div>
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"Outside the Law!"<i>, From CAPTAIN FLASH #4 (July 1955):</i><br />
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